【英语】2019届高考英语（北师大版）二轮复习语法填空专题突破练2Word版含答案 7页

语法填空专题突破练2‎ ‎1‎ ‎(2018重庆质量调研抽测)‎ Now,I’d like to share what I 1.　　　　　　　(learn) through Travelling Guide a few weeks ago. ‎ Thousands of visitors each year enjoy Haleakala National Park,one of 2.　　　　　　 most unusual national parks in the United States,on the island of Maui.Ships stop at the island and buses take 3.　　　　　　(group) of visitors to see the huge volcano there.Visitors also may take a walk in the rainforest 4.　　　　　　　(create) by the volcano thousands of years ago. ‎ The park offers visitors a sight of nature at 5.　　　　　　 majorities of people never have the chance to take a look.At the top of Haleakala,6.　　　　　　　(look) down inside what is the most active part of the volcano,we can see that the volcano has left thousands of different shapes of lava(熔岩) stone ever since.Hundreds of years 7.　　　　　　 rain and bright sun have cut long paths in the stone.There are mainly 3 stone areas.One big area seems 8.　　　　　　　　(be) deep and dark red.9.　　　　　　 two areas seem almost yellow and green.It looks as if someone spilled(泼洒) many colors of paint over the huge areas.The lava stone areas are 10.　　　　　　　　(color) because the lava is rich in many kinds of minerals. ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是说明文,主要介绍了哈雷阿卡拉国家公园。‎ ‎1.learned/learnt　考查时态。根据本句中的时间状语“a few weeks ago”可知,该空应用一般过去时。‎ ‎2.the　考查冠词。此处表示“美国最不同寻常的国家公园之一”,这里应用形容词的最高级修饰national parks,故填定冠词the。‎ ‎3.groups　考查名词的数。根据上文中的“Thousands of visitors”可知游客很多,且group是可数名词,这里表示“成群的游客”,故用group的复数形式。‎ ‎4.created　考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知,空格处做定语修饰rainforest,且rainforest与动词create在逻辑上是动宾关系,故用过去分词做定语。‎ ‎5.which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,该句中的“The park offers visitors a sight of nature”是主句,“at 　　　majorities...a look”是定语从句,空格处在定语从句中做at的宾语,代指a sight of nature,故填which。 ‎ ‎6.looking　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,该句中第二个逗号后面的部分是主句,这里应用非谓语动词做状语,look与主句的主语we构成逻辑上的主谓关系,故该处应用现在分词。‎ ‎7.of　考查介词。of用于month、year等名词后表示某状态或活动持续的时长。‎ ‎8.to be　考查非谓语动词。seem to为固定用法,意为“似乎是,仿佛”。‎ ‎9.Another　考查形容词。根据上文中的“3 stone areas”和“One big area”可知,这里应用Another。Another two areas表示“另外两个地区”。‎ ‎10.colorful　考查形容词。该空做表语,说明主语的性质、状态,故应用形容词。colorful表示“色彩丰富的”。‎ ‎2‎ ‎(2018福建福州二模)‎ The Year of the Dog began on Feb.16,2018 according to the Chinese lunar calendar.Though ‎ dogs 1.　　　　　　　　　　　(see) as companions and part of the family today,China and Western countries do not have the same cultural 2.　　　　　　(belief) about dogs. ‎ In Chinese,some words 3.　　　　　　　　(concern) dogs don’t have very good meanings,such as “No ivory(象牙) can come out of a dog’s mouth”.But in English,the situation is 4.　　　　　　(differ).“Every dog has his day” describes a person with a period of good fortune and “Work like a dog” is used 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　(describe) a hard worker.The dog-human relationship goes right 6.　　　　　　 to the beginnings of Western civilization,and the friendship between humans and dogs was a common subject for artists. ‎ ‎7.　　　　　　 fact,people were close to dogs in a way they weren’t close to cows,pigs or even horses.Farmers worked 8.　　　　　　(close) with dogs.But even after science came to agriculture and dogs lost 9.　　　　　　(they) traditional roles,the relationship between humans and dogs remained. ‎ Nowadays millions of people keep dogs as pets.People feed them,take them on holidays 10.　　　　　　 look after them.In return,dogs are loyal(忠诚的) in a way that friends sometimes aren’t.This loyalty is the origin of the English saying,“A dog is man’s best friend.” ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是说明文,以狗年入题,介绍狗在中西方文化中的不同意义。‎ ‎1.are seen　考查时态和语态。根据上下文可知,这里是对常识性知识的介绍,故用一般现在时,see...as...表示“把……看作是……”,这里动词see与主语dogs构成动宾关系,故用are seen。‎ ‎2.beliefs　考查名词的数。关于狗,中国和西方国家并没有相同的观点。此处belief为可数名词,表示复数概念,故填beliefs。‎ ‎3.concerning　考查介词。此处应用介词concerning,表示“关于,涉及”。‎ ‎4.different　考查形容词。空格处充当表语,说明主语的性质,应用differ的形容词形式,故填different。‎ ‎5.to describe　考查非谓语动词。use sth.to do sth.“用某物来做某事”是固定搭配,此处是其被动语态,故填to describe。‎ ‎6.back　考查副词。根据空后的the beginnings可知,空格处应填back“上溯”。‎ ‎7.In　考查固定短语。in fact表示“事实上”,为固定短语。‎ ‎8.closely　考查副词。空格处修饰动词worked,故用副词形式。close做副词时表示“不远,接近地”;closely为副词,表示“密切地,在很大程度上”。根据语境可知,空处应填closely。‎ ‎9.them　考查代词。根据语境及空后的traditional roles可知,空处应填形容词性物主代词。‎ ‎10.and　考查连词。本句中feed,take和look after是并列谓语,如果三个或三个以上的谓语动词并列,在最后两个动作之间用and连接,其他的用逗号分开,因此这里用连词and。‎ ‎3‎ The wives who lived within the walls of the Weinsberg Castle in Germany were well aware of the riches it held:gold,silver,jewels,and wealth beyond belief.Then the day came in 1140 AD when all their 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　(value) treasure was threatened.Welf,the Duke of Bavaria,sat 2.　　　　　　　(trap) inside his Weinsberg Castle.Outside the castle walls lay the army of Frederick,the Duke of Swabia,3.　　　　　his brother,the Emperor Konrad,4.　　　　　　army had surrounded the castle and demanded the fortunes and the lives of the men within. ‎ Although the conquering commander had set a condition for the safe release of all the women and children,the wives in Weinsberg refused 5.　　　　　　　(leave) without having their own condition met.They demanded that they be allowed to fill their arms 6.　　　　　　as many possessions as they could carry out.Thinking that the women couldn’t 7.　　　　　　　　‎ ‎(possible) take much,they met their request. ‎ When the castle gates opened,the army outside was brought to 8.　　　　　　(tear):every woman was carrying her husband!Konrad assured the women of their husbands’ complete ‎ ‎9.　　　　　　(safe) and freedom.He invited them all to a banquet and 10.　　　　　　(make) peace with the Duke of Bavaria on terms much more favorable than expected. ‎ Afterwards,the castle was known for women’s loyalty.‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文,介绍了德国Weinsberg城堡,该城堡以妇女的忠诚闻名于世。‎ ‎1.valuable/invaluable　考查形容词。空处修饰名词treasure且表示“(极)宝贵的”,故用value的形容词形式valuable或invaluable。‎ ‎2.trapped　考查过去分词。动词trap和主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,表示“(已经)被困在城堡之内”,故用过去分词trapped做主语补足语,表明主语的状态。‎ ‎3.and　考查连词。根据语境可知,该句中的“Frederick,the Duke of Swabia”和“his brother,the Emperor Konrad”之间是并列关系,故用and。‎ ‎4.whose　考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知,该句为非限制性定语从句,army和先行词之间是所属关系,故用whose引导该定语从句。‎ ‎5.to leave　考查非谓语动词。refuse to do sth.为固定用法,表示“拒绝做某事”,此处表示,城堡里的妇女要求满足她们的条件,否则就拒绝离开。‎ ‎6.with　考查介词。fill (sth.) with sth.为固定用法,意为“用……填满……”,故填with。‎ ‎7.possibly　考查副词。空处修饰动词take,故用副词形式。‎ ‎8.tears　考查名词复数。tear为可数名词,此处构成搭配bring sb.to tears,意为“使某人流泪”,故用tear的复数形式tears。‎ ‎9.safety　考查名词。根据该句中的“complete...and freedom”可知,形容词complete修饰空处,空处与名词freedom为并列关系,故用名词形式safety。‎ ‎10.made　考查动词时态。根据该句中的“He invited them”及全文时态可知,此处陈述的是过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时。‎ ‎4‎ Tyler Thompson is 1.　　　　　unlikely star in the world of Peking Opera.The 15-year-old from Oakland has fascinated audience in the US and China with his ability 2.　　　　　　(sing) pitch-perfect Mandarin(普通话)and perform the ancient Chinese art form.The teen,‎ 3.　 ‎　　　　　is black and only speaks some basic Chinese,has been praised by teachers since he 4.　　　　　　　(pick) up the music as a kindergartener.“As soon as he opens ‎ ‎5.　　　　　　(he) mouth and sings in Chinese,the Chinese are very surprised and they feel very proud of him,”said his music teacher.“When he puts on the costume and all the acting,you can see that he is pretty good.” ‎ Tyler has learned to sing several well-known pieces of Peking Opera,a centuries-old form of musical theater 6.　　　　　　(know) for its highly structured costumes,changing gongs(锣)and cymbals(钹),wide-ranging voices and highly stylized 7.　　　　　　　　　　(move).Tyler got 8.　　　　　　　　　(stand) cheers when he performed 9.　　　　　Justice Bao,a famous Song Dynasty judge who fought corruption,from the Chinese classic Bao Qing Tian.“The music is very beautiful,and it’s very passionate,”said Tyler.“It’s made me want to know 10.　　　　　　(much) about the world outside of America or California or Oakland.” ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文,主要介绍了一个擅长表演京剧的外国青少年的故事。‎ ‎1.an　考查冠词。star是可数名词,且第一次在文章中出现,故用不定冠词修饰,形容词unlikely的读音以元音音素开头,故用an。‎ ‎2.to sing　考查非谓语动词。ability to do sth.意为“做某事的能力”,为固定词组搭配,故用不定式做后置定语。‎ ‎3.who　考查定语从句。who引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中做主语,修饰先行词The teen。‎ ‎4.picked　考查动词时态。since意为“自从”时,引导的状语从句中,从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时。‎ ‎5.his　考查代词。根据语境mouth和主语he可知,此处应用形容词性物主代词his修饰名词mouth,在句中做定语。‎ ‎6.known　考查非谓语动词。know和句子谓语之间没有连词,故用非谓语动词,且know和其逻辑主语form是动宾关系,故用过去分词做后置定语。‎ ‎7.movements　考查名词。根据and可知,此处与名词voices呼应,故用名词的复数形式,即movements。‎ ‎8.standing　考查形容词。由空后的名词cheers可知,此处应用形容词形式修饰名词,standing意为“站着进行的”,表示Tyler得到了(观众的)起立欢呼。‎ ‎9.as　考查介词。此处as意为“作为”,后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式,与performed呼应,表示扮演的角色,符合语境。‎ ‎10.more　考查副词比较级。根据语境可知,此处表示“更多”的含义,故用副词比较级more修饰动词know。‎ ‎5‎ People who have spent time in other cultures often talk about “reverse(反向的)culture shock”.If you leave your country for more than a short tourist trip and then go back home,you may feel 1.　　　　　　.What is “reverse culture shock”?Well,imagine the following:You have just adjusted to a new culture and have come 2.　　　　　　　(enjoy) life in it.You have made new friends and have had 3.　　　　　　great variety of new experiences.Then,4.　　　　　　(sad) enough,it’s time to leave,but you are also very excited about 5.　　　　　　(go) home.Arriving home is wonderful — seeing all the friends and relatives you haven’t seen,eating all the special foods,reading the newspapers 6.　　　　　hearing music you haven’t heard in such a long time.But then after a few weeks,perhaps,things may not seem so “wonderful”.You may become critical of your home country 7.　　　　　　you have grown up.You may not like certain things or ideas.8.　　　　　your eyes,either you or your home country 9.　　　　　　　　　(change). ‎ This is the process of readjustment.It’s a difficult period,and many people experience it after the 10.　　　　　　(excite) of coming home has worn off.Fortunately,it doesn’t usually last as long as adjustment to a new culture does.‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了反向文化冲击,即出国之后再回国产生的不适应。‎ ‎1.it　考查代词。此处代词it指代上文中的“reverse (反向的) culture shock”。‎ ‎2.to enjoy　考查固定用法。come to do sth.意为“开始认为,开始觉得”。‎ ‎3.a　考查冠词。a great variety of意为“多种多样的”,variety为可数名词。‎ ‎4.sadly　考查副词。副词sadly做状语,修饰整个句子。‎ ‎5.going　考查非谓语动词。about为介词,后应用动词-ing形式。‎ ‎6.and　考查连词。句中seeing,eating,reading和hearing为并列动作,故用and连接。‎ ‎7.where　考查定语从句。先行词为home country,空处引导定语从句,且在从句中做地点状语,故用关系副词where。‎ ‎8.In　考查介词。in one’s eyes为固定短语,意为“在某人眼里”。‎ ‎9.has changed　考查动词的时态。此处应用现在完成时,强调过去动作对现在的影响。‎ ‎10.excitement　考查名词。由the和of可知,此处需要用名词。‎ ‎6‎ Tea is consumed around the world more than any other drink except water.Originating in China,tea has long established 1.　　　　　　(it) as the national drink of this country.‎ About one thousand years ago,tea 2.　　　　　　(describe) in Chinese texts as a health drink that made one live 3.　　　　　　　(long).Today,it is still being regarded as such.Both green tea and black tea are claimed to be effective for 4.　　　　　　　　(prevent) cancer,heart disease,and many other deadly diseases.There is only one point 5.　　　　　　people need to be aware of when they drink tea — it should not be drunk along with meals. ‎ Tea,a popular drink in China and many other countries,6.　　　　　　(be) carefully prepared according to local customs.The Chinese put loose tea in teapots,add boiling water,and serve it in teacups.The strong tea from China’s Fujian Province is drunk in tiny cups before dinner.Lighter tea with jasmine(茉莉),rose or other 7.　　　　　　　(flower),usually served after dinner,is special to China’s Changjiang River regions. ‎ Many English people,travelling away from home,feel 8.　　　　　a loss if their favorite teabags are not available.Afternoon tea in England is still a time-honored tradition.It’s a good opportunity for people to socialize or discuss business matters. ‎ In Japan,a tea ceremony is often held while people are drinking tea.The ceremony,usually 9.　　　　　　(hold) in a teahouse,dates back to the 16th century.Guests follow strict rules set up then and the tea used is powdered green tea.Though still practised today,the ceremony may not be as popular 10.　　　　　it used to be. ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了茶的渊源及几个国家的茶文化。‎ ‎1.itself　考查代词。此处填的代词与句子主语tea形成互指关系,故用反身代词。‎ ‎2.was described　考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境中的时间状语“About one thousand years ago”可知,事情发生在过去,且tea和describe构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎3.longer　考查比较级。此处表示“让人活得更长”,故用longer。‎ ‎4.preventing　考查非谓语动词。介词后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式做宾语,故用preventing。‎ ‎5.that　考查定语从句。that引导定语从句,在从句中做介词of的宾语,修饰先行词one point。‎ ‎6.is　考查主谓一致。句子主语为Tea,且与下文的“is drunk”在时态上呼应,故此处用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。‎ ‎7.flowers　考查名词复数。flower是可数名词,由前面的other可知,此处表示复数概念。‎ ‎8.at　考查介词。固定搭配at a loss意为“困惑,不知所措”,故用介词at。‎ ‎9.held　考查非谓语动词。hold和句子谓语之间没有连词,故用非谓语动词。句子主语The ceremony与hold构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词形式。‎ ‎10.as　考查连词。由“as+形容词+as”的结构可知,此处应用连词as引导比较状语从句。‎ ‎7‎ In 1.　　　　　　　　(tradition) Chinese culture,tai chi is often related to the Chinese idea of yin and yang,the idea that one can see two sides in everything.Once 2.　　　　　　a time,Taoist Zhang Sanfeng saw a bird attacking a snake in the Wudang Mountains in Hubei Province.The snake’s defense inspired him 3.　　　　　　(create) a set of 72 movements,which used 4.　　　　　　(soft) and power from inside to defeat violent force. ‎ For those 5.　　　　　do it,tai chi can be practiced any time and anywhere without equipment or a gymnasium.And learning to do it 6.　　　　　　　(correct) gives us a practical way to achieve such things as balance,motor control and rhythm(节奏)of movement.So it ‎ ‎7.　　　　　　(believe) that practicing tai chi can in some way help us stand,walk,move and run better. ‎ Tai chi’s benefits certainly go beyond physical ones.For Marleni Calcina from Peru,who 8.　　　　　　　　(do) tai chi for over 10 years,it’s not only a sport,but also a way of life.And 9.　　　　　is tai chi that has helped her understand the value of “going slowly”.Now,practicing tai chi is like 10.　　　　　　　(speak) with her soul. ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了太极拳的由来、作用和意义。‎ ‎1.traditional　考查形容词。空处修饰名词Chinese culture,故用形容词形式。‎ ‎2.upon　考查固定搭配。once upon a time为固定搭配,意为“从前”。‎ ‎3.to create　考查非谓语动词。inspire sb.to do sth.为固定用法,意为“启发某人做某事”。‎ ‎4.softness　考查名词。根据空后的“and power”可知,空处和名词power是并列关系,故应用名词形式。‎ ‎5.who　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处为定语从句,先行词为those,空处为关系代词,指代人,且在从句中做主语,故用who。‎ ‎6.correctly　考查副词。空处修饰动词do,故用副词形式。‎ ‎7.is believed　考查时态和语态。it is believed that...为固定句型,意为“据信……”。it和动词believe之间为被动关系,故用被动语态;根据语境可知,该句陈述的是客观事实,故用一般现在时。‎ ‎8.has done　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据该句时间状语“for over 10 years”可知,此处应用现在完成时,又因who指代先行词Marleni Calcina,为单数,故填has done。‎ ‎9.it　考查强调句结构。分析该句结构可知,该句为强调句,其基本结构为it is/was+被强调的部分+that/who+句子的其他成分。该句被强调的部分是“tai chi”。‎ ‎10.speaking　考查非谓语动词。like在此处为介词,后跟动词-ing形式做宾语,意为“像……一样”。该句句意:如今,练太极就像是在和她的灵魂说话。‎ ‎8‎ This summer I travelled from noisy Beijing to Wuzhen,a beautiful village in Zhejiang Province.Unfolded before me was 1.　　　　　　unique image of this water country — the stone bridge and the water flowing,all like fairy tales to me.‎ However,2.　　　　　　impressed me most was not the natural scenery but the scene of a grandma bathing a little baby in a wooden basin with the door open.My friends couldn’t help ‎ ‎3.　　　　　　(take) pictures of them.To my surprise,the grandma smiled and waved at us.All of a sudden,my heart was filled with 4.　　　　　　　(warm). ‎ I shared the photo and my 5.　　　　　　　　　(forget) experience with my friends.They were 6.　　　　　　(simple) moved as I was,but at the same time they reminded me of the unpleasant experiences in big cities.We feel embarrassed to see people quarrelling in public because they 7.　　　　　　　　　(step) on accidentally by strangers. ‎ According to a recent survey 8.　　　　　　(make) in November 2016,45 percent of the residents don’t know the names of their neighbors;63 percent have never devoted ‎ ‎9.　　　　　　(they) to talking to their neighbors;67 percent think that the relationship between them and their neighbors is just so-so,or even bad. ‎ Wouldn’t it be beautiful to say hello to our neighbors who just came back 10.　　　　　　work and give them a smile? ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者的乌镇之旅以及对大城市里冷漠的邻里关系的反思。‎ ‎1.a　考查冠词。image是可数名词,且第一次在语境中出现,故用不定冠词修饰,且unique的读者不是以元音音素开头的,故用不定冠词a。‎ ‎2.what　考查连接词。what引导主语从句,且在从句中做主语,表示物的概念。‎ ‎3.taking　考查非谓语动词。固定词组搭配:can’t help doing sth.意为“情不自禁做某事”,符合语境,故用动词-ing形式做宾语。‎ ‎4.warmth　考查词性转换。介词后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式做宾语,故用名词warmth做介词with的宾语。‎ ‎5.unforgettable　考查词性转换。修饰名词的词一般为形容词,且此处与第二段呼应,作者和朋友们分享的是难忘的经历,故用形容词unforgettable修饰名词experience,在句子中做定语。‎ ‎6.simply　考查副词。修饰动词的词一般为副词,故用副词simply在句子中做状语。‎ ‎7.are stepped　考查动词时态和语态。根据语境中by的提示可知,此处表示被动概念,且由句中feel的时态可知,应用一般现在时的被动语态,即are stepped。‎ ‎8.made　考查非谓语动词。make和句子谓语之间没有连词,且和其逻辑主语survey之间构成动宾关系,故用过去分词做后置定语。‎ ‎9.themselves　考查代词。根据语境可知,此处用反身代词themselves做宾语。‎ ‎10.from　考查介词。根据语境可知,此处表示下班后回来,故用介词from,意为“从……”。‎