【英语】2020届高三英语二轮专题复习学案：写作中的高级表达妙记3如何筛选靓丽词汇Word版含答案 13页

妙记3 如何筛选靓丽词汇 书面表达在英语高考中，担负着区分考生、选拔人才的功能。对于学优生来说，作文拿到四档分数仅是一个“平庸分”，很有可能与名校失之交臂，但五档分数又是把大多数考生挡在门外的一道槛。其实，四档与五档的差别是微小的，仅仅是一些细节的美化而已(参见下表对比展示)。在平时的训练中，考生应注重抓一些细节，杜绝一些瑕疵，就可以实现由“完成”到“完美”的蜕变、由“四档”到“五档”的晋升。因为本书针对学优生而编写，所以其编写定位起点高(重点讲如何打造亮点)，目标高(直指五档作文)。让学优生吃好吃饱、省时高效是本书的编写定位。‎ ‎[四档作文与五档作文评定对比表]‎ 第四档(16～20分)‎ 第五档(21～25分)‎ 考 纲 表 述 完成了试题规定的任务。‎ ‎—虽漏掉一两个次重点，但覆盖所有。‎ ‎—应用的语法结构和词汇能。‎ ‎—语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或。‎ ‎—应用语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。‎ 了预期的写作目的。‎ 完全完成了试题规定的任务。‎ ‎—覆盖要点。‎ ‎—应用了的语法结构和词汇。‎ ‎—语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或；具备较强的语言运用能力。‎ ‎—使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。‎ 了预期的写作目的。‎ 名师解读 ‎1.如何理解“覆盖所有内容要点”‎ 评分标准中对考生所要求的“覆盖所有内容要点”，就是要求考生在写作时要认真审题，确保要点“全而不漏”，要点全面是书面表达得高分的必要条件。‎ ‎2.如何理解“应用了较多的语法结构”‎ ‎“较多的语法结构”就是指句式结构的多样性。感叹句、倒装句、复合结构、强调句型、定语从句、非谓语动词短语等语法结构的正确使用，可以使文章的语言充满层次感，从而较好地反映出作者的语言运用能力。‎ ‎3.如何理解“应用了较多的词汇”‎ 这里所说的“应用了较多的词汇”，是指词汇使用的多样性，如词性的多样性、高级词汇的使用、同义词与反义词的使用、短语的使用等。‎ ‎4.如何理解“具备较强的语言运用能力”‎ 评分标准中对考生所要求的语言得体，就是要求考生在表达时应根据说话的对象、时间、地点、场合等选择使用恰当的英语语言，尤其是不同体裁和题材的文章对用语方面有着不同的要求。‎ ‎5.如何理解“有效地使用了语句间的连接成分”‎ 一篇优秀的书面表达应该能做到段与段、句与句之间以一种明晰的、合乎逻辑的顺序组织与安排，在文章与结构上层次分明、条理清楚、连贯流畅。‎ 阅卷时，一篇高考作文往往在1分钟内就被判定生死，大众化的词汇、平庸的表达已使长时间工作的阅卷老师产生了视觉疲劳。在词汇方面：如果一篇作文中突然出现几个与众不同、让人眼前一亮的词汇，能迅速激起阅卷老师的兴奋点，赢得阅卷老师的好感，这是作文得高分的必备点。‎ 熟记四组靓点词汇让表达更鲜更靓本部分英汉对照，主要是便于背诵。使用时先把右列的词汇、例句等反复读熟，然后把右列遮住，看着左边的汉语提示来翻译背诵。‎ 第一组　名词及名词短语 ‎1. ‎[例句]　现在你们有一个好机会，可以大大增进对彼此的了解。‎ Now you have an opportunity to develop a greater understanding of each other.‎ ‎2. ‎[例句]　有4个基本的选项，简述如下。‎ There are four basic alternatives; they are described briefly below.‎ ‎3. ‎[例句]　所有学校都设有音乐和舞蹈课。‎ All the schools have music and dancing classes as parts of the curriculum.‎ ‎4. ‎[例句]　他们称他们预期这次会议会对国家的未来产生显著影响。‎ They say they expect the meeting to have a marked impact on the future of the country.‎ ‎5. ‎[例句]　如果气候变化继续下去，我们将自食其果。‎ If climate changes continue, we will suffer the consequences.‎ ‎6. ‎[例句]　这种方法的缺点之一是必须把单词预先存储在系统中。‎ One drawback of this approach is that the words must be registered in the system beforehand.‎ ‎7. ‎[例句]　我们将探索收集信息的不同方法。‎ We will be exploring different approaches to gathering information.‎ ‎8. ‎[例句]　在这类职业中，只有20%的岗位是由女性担任的。‎ Only 20 percent of jobs in the professions are held by women.‎ ‎9. ‎[例句]　家庭中的每个成员都会互相帮助，特别是照顾好年轻人和老年人。‎ Members of a family help one another, with particular care for the very young and the elderly.‎ ‎10. ‎[例句]　激发这些年轻人的不是对成就的渴望，而是对失败的担心。‎ These youngsters are motivated not by a desire to achieve, but by fear of failure.‎ 第二组　动词及动词短语 ‎1. ‎[例句]　他喜欢踢足球，这是他最喜欢的运动。‎ 对……痴迷 ‎[例句]　我对那里发生的事情都非常感兴趣。‎ He is fond of playing football, which is his favourite.‎ be crazy about I'm crazy about everything that goes on there.‎ ‎2. ‎[例句]　就我而言，我坚定地认为游客的数量应得到限制，理由如下。‎ As for me, I'm firmly convinced that the number of tourists should be limited for the following reasons.‎ ‎3. ‎[例句]　①许多人开始意识到锻炼的重要性。‎ ‎②我深知这是一份艰难的工作。‎ ‎①Many people are becoming aware of the importance of exercising.‎ ‎②I am well aware that this is a tough job.‎ ‎4. ‎[例句]　请告诉我那边的情况。‎ Please keep me informed of what's going on there.‎ ‎5. ‎[例句]　几天前我在你的店铺买了一部手机。‎ I purchased a cellphone at your store the other day.‎ ‎6. ‎[例句]　更糟的是，暴力电子游戏可能导致进攻性行为，这比暴力电影更有害。‎ 导致……结果 ‎[例句]　紧张和疲劳常导致失眠。‎ What's worse, violent video games can lead to aggressive behaviours, which is more harmful than violent movies.‎ result in Stress and tiredness often result in sleeplessness.‎ ‎7. ‎[例句]　所有的游客被要求不能在公园内乱扔垃圾。‎ All the visitors were requested not to throw litter about in the park.‎ ‎8. ‎[例句]　我主张我们人人都应该尽力帮助那些需要帮助的人。‎ 指出 ‎[例句]　许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。‎ I argue that every one of us (should) try our best to help those in need.‎ point out Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person's physical fitness.‎ ‎9. ‎[例句]　或许我们能想到这个问题的更好的解决办法。‎ Maybe we can come up with a better solution to the problem.‎ ‎10. ‎[例句]　我真诚地感激您所做的一切。‎ 因为某事向你表达我的感激之情 ‎[例句]　对您的好意我谨表示我的谢意。‎ 感激(某人)做……‎ ‎[例句]　①我非常感谢你花这么多时间帮助我。‎ ‎②我衷心感谢你为我和我家人所做的一切。‎ I am truly grateful to you for what you have done.‎ express my gratitude to you for ...‎ I'd like to express my gratitude for your kindness.‎ appreciate (one's) doing/that/sth.‎ ‎①I appreciate your giving me so much of your time.‎ ‎②I really appreciate what you've done for my family and me.‎ ‎11. ‎[例句]　希望全班同学参加讨论。‎ 参与，热衷于 ‎[例句]　你应当参与各种各样的活动。‎ Everyone in the class is expected to participate in the discussion.‎ get involved in (an activity)‎ You should get involved in various activities.‎ ‎12. ‎[例句]　将有20名学生参加英语演讲比赛。‎ There will be twenty students to compete in the English speech contest.‎ ‎13. ‎[例句]　我们将竭尽全力以赶上发达的工业国家。‎ We'll spare no effort to catch up with the developed industrial countries.‎ ‎14. ‎[例句]　他把业余时间都用在读书上。‎ He devotes all his spare time to reading.‎ ‎15. ‎[例句]　我们应该做出努力来彻底解决这个问题。‎ We should make an attempt to thoroughly solve this problem.‎ ‎16. ‎[例句]　我决心要不惜一切代价来实现自己的目标。‎ 下定决心做某事 ‎[例句]　听了他的报告后，我想了很多，反思了以前我所做的事情。我已经下定决心从以下几个方面来提高自己。‎ I'm determined to achieve my goal at any cost.‎ make up one's mind to do sth.‎ Having heard his report, I thought a lot and reflected on what I did before. I have made up my mind to improve myself in the following ways.‎ ‎17. ‎[例句]　①他们用水只能依靠这条河。‎ ‎②相信我会全心全意地帮助你。‎ ‎①They have to rely on the river for their water.‎ ‎②You can count on me to help you heart and soul.‎ ‎18. ‎[例句]　我在生人面前总是不知要说什么。‎ I am always at a loss what to say in front of strangers.‎ ‎19. ‎[例句]　就我所知，他们每一个人都想成为一名模范学生。‎ So far as I know, every one of them intends to be a model student.‎ 第三组　形容词及形容词性短语 ‎1. ‎[例句]　体育运动有益于增强我们的体质。‎ 有益的；值得做的 ‎[例句]　众所周知，学好英语是有好处的。‎ Sports are beneficial to building our bodies.‎ rewarding As is known to us all, learning English well is very rewarding.‎ ‎2. ‎[例句]　他是一位杰出的科学家，对我国做出了巨大贡献。‎ ‎[例句]　你的发音很完美，这令人羡慕。‎ 极好的 ‎[例句]　“你要来么？”他激动地说：“那太好了！简直难以置信！”‎ He is an outstanding scientist, who has made a great contribution to our country.‎ Your pronunciation is perfect, which is admirable.‎ fantastic ‎“You're coming？” he said excitedly. “That's fantastic! That's incredible！”‎ ‎3. ‎[例句]　他是一个普通的学生，但是做了许多好事。‎ He is an average student, but he did many good deeds.‎ ‎4. ‎[例句]　每年成千上万的游客都会涌入这个景区来欣赏这里美丽的风景。‎ Hundreds of thousands of tourists pour into this scenic spot to admire the amazing scenery every year.‎ ‎5. ‎[例句]　听到这个好消息后我非常兴奋。‎ I was thrilled when I heard the good news.‎ ‎6. ‎[例句]　我的同桌是一个动人的、文雅的女孩。‎ My deskmate is a charming and elegant girl ‎7. ‎[例句]　我的薪水不够维持一家的生活。‎ My salary is not adequate to support our family.‎ ‎8. ‎[例句]　改变这种情形需要每个人付出很大的努力。‎ Changing this situation requires considerable effort on the part of everyone.‎ ‎9. ‎[例句]　她是一个勤奋的老师，她工作非常勤奋。‎ She is a diligent teacher and she is diligent in her work.‎ ‎10. ‎[例句]　老师的鼓励对他/她的学生具有重要意义。‎ 对……至关重要，关键的 ‎[例句]　学好英语对你未来就业至关重要。‎ Encouragement from a teacher is really of great significance/importance to his/her students.‎ be critical/vital to Learning English well is critical/vital to your future employment.‎ ‎11. ‎[例句]　这本书对你会有很大用处。‎ This book will be of great use to you.‎ ‎12. ‎[例句]　所获得的经验对我们有很大价值。‎ The experience gained will be of great value to us.‎ ‎13. ‎[例句]　这项工程对每个人都大有好处。‎ This project is of great benefit to everyone.‎ ‎14. ‎[例句]　你的建议对我很有帮助。‎ Your suggestions are of great help to me.‎ ‎15. ‎[例句]　他来自一个偏远的村庄。‎ He is from a distant/remote village.‎ ‎16. ‎[例句]　这是一个要求极严的、具有挑战性的工作。‎ It's a demanding and challenging job.‎ ‎17. ‎[例句]　越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。‎ 许多 ‎[例句]　许多学生反对这个主意。‎ 很多，非常多 ‎[例句]　这个图书馆有相当多英语书。‎ An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.‎ many a Many a student is against the idea.‎ a good many There are a good many English books in the library.‎ ‎18. ‎[例句]　自然保护区里有许多不同种类的珍稀动植物。‎ 范围广的，种类多的 ‎[例句]　你有很大的选择余地。‎ There are a wide variety of rare animals and plants in the nature reserve.‎ a wide range of There is a wide range of choices open to you.‎ ‎19. ‎[例句]　学习了一天，我都累坏了。‎ 筋疲力尽的；疲惫不堪的 ‎[例句]　夜里没有休息好，课堂上我感到筋疲力尽。‎ I was worn out after a day of studying.‎ exhausted Not sleeping well, I always feel exhausted in class.‎ ‎20. ‎[例句]　她精力充沛，聪明活泼。‎ She is energetic, intelligent and lively.‎ 第四组　副词、连词及其他 ‎1. ‎[例句]　我的手机非常有用。‎ 特别地 ‎[例句]　①约翰似乎特别喜欢她。‎ ‎②苏珊和约翰对于获得这个奖项感到兴奋不已。‎ My mobile phone is extremely useful.‎ especially/particularly ‎①John seems to be particularly fond of her.‎ ‎②Susan and John were especially thrilled with this award.‎ ‎2. ‎[例句]　如果有什么我能为你做的，我将非常乐意帮忙。‎ If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.‎ ‎3. ‎[例句]　我们偶尔去田野里散步。‎ 偶尔，有时候 ‎[例句]　他偶尔来我们房中闲谈。‎ We go for walks in the fields occasionally.‎ once in a while He comes to our room for a chat every once in a while.‎ ‎4. ‎[例句]　不用说它对我们的健康是有好处的。‎ It goes without saying that it will do us a lot of good.‎ ‎5. ‎[例句]　面积大概有一百平方千米。‎ The area is approximately 100 square kilometers.‎ ‎6.也 ‎[例句]　我喜欢踢足球，也喜欢游泳。‎ I like playing football and I enjoy swimming as well.‎ ‎7. ‎[例句]　①我们的人口在增长，因此我们需要更多的食物。‎ ‎②他很忙，因此他不能来。‎ ‎①We have a growing population and therefore we need more food.‎ ‎②He was busy; therefore he could not come. (therefore前要用分号)‎ ‎8. ‎[例句]　抓住这个机会，否则你会后悔的。‎ Seize the chance, otherwise/or else you'll regret it.‎ ‎9. ‎[例句]　①第三，你们说如果我提前付费的话就可以给我打折。‎ ‎②假如不下雨我就去。‎ ‎①Thirdly, you say that there is a discount provided/providing (that) I pay in advance.‎ ‎②I shall go providing/provided (that) it doesn't rain.‎ ‎10. ‎[例句]　这次比赛不仅职业运动员可以参加，而且业余运动员也可以参加。‎ The tournament is open to amateurs as well as professionals.‎ ‎11. ‎[例句]　作为中学生，我们在学校应该衣着整洁。‎ As high school students, we are supposed to be neatly dressed when at school.‎ ‎12. ‎[例句]　大多数被采访者宁愿待在家里看电视也不愿去看电影。‎ The majority of the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.‎ ‎13. ‎[例句]　因为吸烟的缘故，我父亲经常咳嗽。‎ 所以；因此(副词)‎ ‎[例句]　雨很大，所以路被淹没了。‎ As a consequence of smoking, my father coughs frequently.‎ consequently The rain was heavy, and consequently the road was flooded.‎ ‎14. ‎[例句]　他全神贯注地想心事，以至于和一个行人撞了个满怀。‎ 忙于(做)某事 ‎[例句]　①我每天都忙于日常的工作。‎ ‎②他忙于照料三个小孩。‎ He was so absorbed in thought that he ran against a passerby.‎ be occupied with sth./in doing sth.‎ ‎①I am fully occupied with my daily work.‎ ‎②He's fully occupied in looking after the three little children.‎ ‎15. ‎[例句]　我想把几天前说到的那位绅士介绍给你们。‎ I would like to introduce to you the gentleman whom I spoke of the other day.‎ ‎16. ‎[例句]　走了10英里之后，我们都累了。‎ After covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.‎