高中英语Module2TrafficJamSectionⅠIntroductionamp教学案 15页

真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 1 Module 2 Traffic Jam Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading-Pre-reading Nowadays traffic congestion (拥挤，阻塞) is a big problem in most of our cities. Have you got any ideas about what has brought aboutthis? There are many causes for this problem, but the following may be the most important ones. The first cause is the great increase in the number of private cars. Cars take up more space but they carry fewer people. Some private car drivers, ignoring traffic regulations,drive onlyfor the sake oftheir own convenience, blocking the way of other public transportation vehicles. The second cause is the slow and inefficient construction and improvement of the roads and streets. With a large population and numbers of automobiles increasing, some roads still remain unimproved, which will surely lead to problems. The last cause is the insufficient (不足的) management of the traffic system and the people's lack of awareness of traffic rules. Many pedestrians (行人) cross the streets even when the traffic lights are against them, which is an obstacle (障碍) to the flow of traffic. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 2 Then how to solve this problem? Some suggestlaying down more roads to make the traffic less crowded and speed up the flow of traffic. Others believe that we should open upmore public bus routes, so that more people will take the public buses instead of travelling by car and bicycle. Though the above two views sound reasonable, they have their own drawbacks. The former may take up much land which could be used for farms and houses. The latter may cause inconvenience for those who are used totravelling by car or bicycle. I think the best answer to the traffic problem is a combination of the two. More roads can be built to hold more traffic and meanwhile more public bus routes can be opened up to those who prefer to usethe public transportation. Section_Ⅰ Introduction_&_Reading_—_Prereading [原文呈现] Getting Around① in Beijing Taxis Taxis are on the streets 24 hours a day. Simply raise your hand, and a taxi appears in no time②. They are usually red, and they display③ the price per kilometre on the window. You should check thecab④ has a business permit⑤， and make sure ⑥you ask for a receipt⑦. Buses and trolleybuses⑧ Public transport provides⑨ a cheap way to get around in Beijing. There are 20,000 buses and trolleybuses in Beijing, but they can get very crowded⑩. It's a good idea to avoid public transport during the rush hour⑪(6：30 am－8：00 am and 5：00 pm －6：30 pm)．Fares⑫ are cheap, starting at 1 yuan⑬.Airconditioned⑭buses cost more. Buses numbered 1 to 100⑮ are limited to⑯ travel within the city centre. Higher numbers have destinations⑰ in the suburbs⑱. Tourists shouldn't miss the 103 bus ⑲which offers one of the most impressive⑳routes○21， past the Forbidden City and 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 3 the White Pagoda in Beihai Park. If you get on a doubledecker○22 bus, make sure you sit upstairs. You'll have a good view of○23 the rapidly changing city. Most buses run from about 5：00 am to midnight. However, there is also a night bus service, provided by buses with a number in the 200s○24. [读文清障] ①get around 到处旅行；四处走动 around 此处为副词，可用 round 来替换。 ②in to time 马上；立刻 ③display/dI'spleI/vt.展示；陈列 ④cab/kæb/n.出租汽车；计程车 ⑤permit/'pɜːmIt/n.执照；许可证 ⑥you ask for a receipt 是省略 that 的宾语从句。 ⑦receipt/rI'siːt/n.收据 ⑧trolleybus/'trɒliˌbʌs/n.电车 ⑨provide/prə'vaId/vt.提供 常用结构：provide sb. with sth./provide sth. for sb. ⑩get crowded 变得拥挤的 ⑪the rush hour 交通高峰期 ⑫fare/feə/n.车费 ⑬现在分词短语作状语，起补充说明的作用。 ⑭airconditioned/'eəkənˌdIʃnd/adj.带空调的 ⑮过去分词短语作定语，修饰 buses，句中 number 是动词，意为“给……编号”。 ⑯be limited to 局限于，受……限制 limit/'lImIt/vt.限制 ⑰destination/ˌdestI'neIʃ n/n.目的地；终点 ⑱suburb n．郊区 suburban adj.郊区的；城外的 ⑲which 引导限制性定语从句，修饰 the 103 bus。 ⑳impressive/Im'presIv/adj.给人印象深刻的 ○21route/ruːt/n.路线 ○22doubledecker/ˌdʌbl'dekə/n.双层公共汽车 ○23have a good view of 观看……的美丽风景 ○24过去分词短语作定语，修饰 bus service。 行在北京 [第 1～4 段译文] 出租车 (北京)大街上的出租车是 24 小时服务的。只要你招招手，马上就会有出租车开过来。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 4 它们通常是红色的，而且在车窗上显示每千米的价格。你得确保出租车有营业执照，并且一 定要索取发票。 公共汽车和电车 公共交通为(人们)游览北京提供了一种低价位的出行方式。在北京有两万辆公共汽车和 电车，但是，它们会很拥挤。明智的做法是避免在交通高峰期(早上 6：30～8：00，下午 5： 00～6：30)乘坐公共交通工具。这些车车费便宜，一元起价。空调车要贵一些。 1 路到 100 路公共汽车都是仅限于市中心内的，编号大于 100 的公共汽车可到达郊区。 游客们不应错过 103 路公共汽车，它途经紫禁城和北海公园的白塔，沿途风景令人印象深刻。 如果你乘坐双层公共汽车，务必坐在上层。你将一览这个飞速发展的城市的美丽风景。 大多数公共汽车的运营时间大约是从早上 5 点到午夜。不过，也有夜班车，编号在 200 到 300 之间。 Minibuses Minibuses with seats for 12 passengers offer an alternative○25 to expensive taxis and crowded public transport○26 in some areas. They run regular services and follow the same routes as large public buses. And in a minibus you always get a seat even in rush hours. Underground There are four underground lines in Beijing, and several lines are under construction○27. Trains are fast and convenient○28， but rush hours can○29 be terrible. A oneway trip○30 costs 3 yuan.Station names are marked in○31pinyin.The underground is open from 5：00 am to 11：00 pm. Pedicabs○32 Tourists like these humanpedalled○33“tricycle○34 taxis”， but they can be expensive. You should talk to the driver, and make sure you know the price before you begin the journey, for example, if it is per person, single○35 or return○36. Tricycles are worth using○37 if you want to explore○38the narrow alleys○39 (hutong) of old Beijing○40. ○25alternative n．可供选择的事物 ○26crowded public transport 拥挤的公共交通，crowded adj.作定语。 ○27under construction 正在建设之中 ○28convenient/kən'viːniənt/adj.方便的 一般不用人作主语。 ○29can 可能，表示“一时的可能性”，用于肯定的陈述句中。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 5 ○30a oneway trip 单程 ○31be marked in 用……(某种语言、颜色等)做标记 ○32pedicabn．三轮脚踏车 ○33humanpedalled adj.人力驱动的，脚踏的 pedal/'pedl/vt.&vi.骑车；踩……的踏板 ○34tricycle/'traIsIkl/n.三轮脚踏车 ○35single/'sIŋɡl/n.单程票 ○36return/rI'tɜːn/n.往返票 ○37be worth doing 值得做 加强语气时，常用 well 修饰 worth。 ○38explore/Ik'splɔː/vt.探索 ○39alley n．胡同，小巷 ○40if you want ...是 if 引导的条件状语从句。 [第 5～7 段译文] 小型公共汽车 如果嫌出租车贵、公交车拥挤的话，在有些地方，你可以乘坐有 12 个座位的小公共汽 车。它们跟大型公共汽车走同样的路线，提供常规服务。在小型公共汽车上，即使在高峰期 也总能找到空位。 地铁 北京有四条地铁线，还有几条线也正在建设之中。地铁快捷方便，但是，交通高峰时段 情况就可能非常糟糕。地铁票价单程为 3 元，站名用拼音标注，运营时间为早上 5 点到晚上 11 点。 三轮脚踏车 游客们喜欢这些人力驱动的“三轮脚踏车”，但价格可能会很贵。因此开始你的旅行之 前要先跟车夫交谈，确保弄清楚价格，例如，明确价钱是否按人数计算、是单程还是往返双 程的问题。如果你想去老北京窄小的胡同探秘，三轮脚踏车是值得一坐的。 Prereading Please match the words with their proper meanings. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 6 1．wire A．n.执照；许可证 2．suburban B．n.电线 3．display C．adj.郊区的；市郊的 4．permit D．vt.展示；陈列 5．receipt E．vt.提供 6．fare F．n.收据 7．destination G．n.车费 8．provide H．vt.限制 9．convenient I．n.单程票 10．limit J．n.往返票 11．single K．adj.方便的 12．return L．vt.探索 13．explore M．n.目的地；终点 14．impressive N．adj.给人印象深刻的 答案：1～5 BCDAF 6～10 GMEKH 11～14 IJLN Leadin Look at the picture and answer the following questions. What can you see in it? Have you ever been stuck in a traffic jam? How long were you in the jam? ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案：I can see cars are streaming in and a traffic jam is developing. I got stuck in a traffic jam last Sunday. I was in the jam for almost one hour. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 7 Whilereading Fastreading Choose the best answers according to the text. 1．What should you do if you want to take a taxi? A．Check the driver's business permit. B．Ask for a receipt. C．Go to the station. D．Both A and B. 2．What can we learn from the text about the buses in Beijing? A．All the buses can travel within the city centre. B．They are very expensive. C．They can get crowded. D．All the buses run from about 5：00 am to midnight. 3．You should take a minibus if you ________. A．travel with 12 more friends B．want to travel faster C．think that taxis are too expensive and buses are too crowded D．want to travel different routes from the large public buses 4．Which will you choose for a visit of narrow alleys of old Beijing? A．Taxis. B．Buses. C．Underground. D．Pedicabs. 5．According to the text, we can conclude that in Beijing ________. A．there will be more pedicabs B．there will be more underground lines C．there will be more minibuses D．there will be more trolleybuses 答案：1～5 DCCDB Carefulreading (Ⅰ)True (T) or False (F)． 1．Taxis usually show the price per kilometre on the door.__F__ 2．Buses numbered 1 to 100 are limited to travel outside the city.__F__ 3．You can seldom get a seat on a minibus in rush hours.__F__ 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 8 4．You have to pay 3 yuan for a oneway ticket if you take underground.__T__ 5．You'd better take pedicabs if you want to see the alleys in Beijing.__T__ (Ⅱ)Read the text again and fill in the chart with the information in the text. Means of transport Working hours Advantages Disadvantages Taxis 24 hours Easy to get 1.Expensive Buses andtrolleybuses 5：00 am— midnight 2.Cheap Crowded 3.Minibuses Always get a seat Only 4.12 seats for passengers Underground 5：00 am— 11：00 pm Fast and 5．convenient Terrible in 6．rush hours 7.Pedicabs 8.Explore the narrow alleys Expensive Studyreading Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text. 1．Tourists shouldn't miss the 103 bus which offers one of the most impressive routes, past the Forbidden City and the White Pagoda in Beihai Park. [句式分析] [尝试翻译] 游客们不应错过 103 路公共汽车，它途经紫禁城和北海公园的白塔，沿 途风景令人印象深刻。 2．You should talk to the driver, and make sure you know the price before you begin the journey, for example, if it is per person, single or return. [句式分析] 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 9 [尝试翻译] 因此开始你的旅行之前要先跟车夫交谈，确保弄清楚价格，例如，明确价 格是否按人数计算、是单程还是往返双程的问题。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Be Prepared Here are some tips for avoiding traffic jams： ·The radio has more than just music. Check the local news station for the latest traffic report. Or go online and check traffic cameras before you set out. If there is a jam, you'll be prepared and can try another route. ·Take the road less traveled. Although highways may be the most direct route, back roads can be much less crowded, saving you the frustration of stopandgo traffic. ·Rush hour isn't just a cute nickname. OK, so the morning and afternoon traffic lasts for several hours, but they're still called “rush hour” for a reason — everyone's on the road and in a hurry to get somewhere. Treat rush hour like bad weather — if you don't have to go anywhere, stay off the roads. Dealing with Traffic Here are some tips for those traffic jams： ·Don't break the law. You've gone 30 feet in 30 minutes and all of a sudden you see people using the shoulders (紧急停车道). Not only is this illegal, there's a good chance they'll get caught. ·Pay extra attention to zigzaggers (抢道的人). When some people are anxious, they may start changing lanes (车道) every 5 seconds or cut you off. Keep checking your windows and mirrors for these lane changers. ·Look for an escape. If it is possible to exit the road safely, do it. Carry a map or GPS unit, so that you can adjust your route midtrip if needed. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 10 ·Be courteous. Good manners could help you avoid a possible accident. Allow people in from a lane that is ending. Speeding up to keep them out increases your chances of an accident. 语篇解读：交通堵塞是我们日常生活中不可避免的一部分，我们应该如何避免交通堵塞 呢？遇到交通堵塞又该如何做呢？本文给我们提供了一些建议。 1．To avoid traffic jam, we are advised to do the following EXCEPT ________. A．getting traffic news before leaving B．choosing back roads C．avoiding rush hour D．changing lanes 解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据 Be Prepared 部分可知，A、B、C 三项都是作者建议我 们需要做的，而 D 项“变换车道”出现在 Dealing With Traffic 部分，并且是作者反对的 做法，故选择 D 项。 2．“Rush hour” gets its name because ________. A．cars run faster during the time B．cars run slowly during the time C．people go to some place in a hurry D．people walk more slowly than usual 解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据“Rush hour isn't just a cute nickname.”一段可 知，人们之所以把交通高峰称为“rush hour”，是因为上路的人都急于赶往某个地方。故 C 项正确。 3．What should you do to pay attention to zigzaggers? A．Keep checking your mirrors. B．Keep watching back windows. C．Drive slowly to let them in. D．Drive quickly to keep them out. 解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据“Pay extra attention to zigzaggers.”一段可知， 作者建议我们通过不断查看车窗和后视镜来密切关注抢道的司机。故选择 A 项。 4．What does the underlined word “courteous” in the last paragraph mean? A．Calm. B．Polite. C．Careful. D．Patient. 解析：选 B 词义猜测题。由于“Be courteous.”是文章最后一段的标题，而本段主 要讲述驾车的礼貌问题，因此判断 courteous 一词在这里意为“有礼貌的”。故 B 项正确。 B 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 11 You've probably never heard of Dr. June McCarroll, but she's truly a woman who left her mark on the world. Born in Nebraska, she was a general practitioner who lived in California. Interestingly enough, her fame lies outside the world of medicine. An accident got her thinking about making our highways safer. Her car was sideswiped (擦边)，and she determined to do something about cars that crowded others off the road. Driving on a road that bulged (突起) down its center，Dr. McCarroll noticed that the bulge helped to keep motorists on their own side of the road. That gave her an idea. She tried persuading the local government to “paint a line down the middle of the road” to set an example and “lead the nation in public safety.” She got the typical bureaucratic (官僚的) response. However, she was someone who would not take no for an answer. So she took her idea to the local women's club. The vote was unanimous (无记名的) in support of the project. Still, she continued to face bureaucratic stubbornness (固执) for seven long years before her idea was put into practice. In 1924 the California Highway Commission agreed to experiment with a centerline on two sections of Route 99. Accidents on both test stretches were reduced greatly, and soon the entire state marked McCarroll lines on its highways. Most of the world has since followed suit. Message: When you believe in an idea, go after that idea, especially if people you respect believe it's a good one. 语篇解读：本文是记叙文。Dr.June McCarroll 是第一个提出在高速公路的中央划分界 线的人，她因为这个创意而闻名于世。 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Safety Problems on the Highway B．The Woman Who Drew the Line C．A Woman Who Had Her Own Mind D．How the Highway Was Made Safer 解析：选 B 主旨大意题。综合分析文章可知，Dr. June McCarroll 是第一个提出在高 速公路的中央画分界线的人，因为她的这个创意，高速公路交通事故大大降低，故 B 项最能 体现文章的中心。 6 ． When Dr. June McCarroll first put forward her suggestion, the local government________. A．didn't support her 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 12 B．held an unanimous vote C．asked the local women's club to consider it D．thought it was worth trying 解析：选 A 细节理解题。从文章第三段第一句“She got the typical bureaucratic (官僚的) response.”可知，官员们没有理会她。 7．We learn from the last paragraph that ________. A．Dr. June McCarroll's idea only worked on two sections of Route 99 B．a centerline on the highway worked as well as the bulge C．Dr. June McCarroll's idea proved to be quite useful D．only the state of California accepted Dr. June McCarroll's idea 解析：选 C 细节理解题。文章最后一段说明，在高速公路中央画线后，事故大大降低， 其他国家纷纷效仿，因此 C 项正确。 8．Through the story of Dr. June McCarroll, the author intends to tell us ________. A．we can become famous outside our own field B．a chance always waits for someone who is well prepared C．we should go after our own idea no matter what others say D．we should never give up our idea if we believe in it. 解析：选 D 推理判断题。文章介绍 Dr. June McCarroll 的提议虽然遭到官方的冷遇， 但她从来没有放弃通过自己的努力最终获得成功。文章最后总结一旦你认为自己的想法是正 确的就应该坚持、不放弃。因此 D 项符合作者的意图。 C There is no question that fewer teenagers are on the roads in the US. In 1978, 50% of 16yearolds had got their first driving licence. In 2008, according to the US Transportation Department, it was just 30%. The number of those aged 19 and under with driving licences has also been in decline (下降) since 1978, when 11,989,000 had one. In 2010, it was 9,932,441, or 4.1% of American drivers. In the UK, 683, 273 teenagers have driving licences — just 1.85% of total licence holders, according to Department of Transport figures ( 数 字 ) from September 2010. But the decline in the US may have more to do with tougher tests and the introduction of the new rule in many states, which force drivers aged under 16 to be accompanied (陪伴) by licensed drivers of 21 years and older when driving. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 13 In recent years, the annual number of journeys being made by American drivers of all ages has declined clearly for the first time ever. Car use began falling in 2007, when average petrol prices almost doubled to $4.12 a gallon, and the economy became worse. But there are signs that it is getting back to normal and America remains a country dominated (支配) by the cars. It has a higher number of cars per head of population than any other country in the world. “Cars will always be a popular means of transportation in America. You have to take into consideration some places don't have access to public transportation. Cars are the only way some people can get around，” says Kristin Nevels. This makes driving necessary in some rural states, where roughly twice as many teenagers are on the road than in big cities. 语篇解读：根据美国交通部门的相关资料，美国青少年驾车人数呈下降趋势。其主要原 因有两个：一方面驾照考试比以前更难了；另一方面许多州要求 16 岁以下的青少年必须在 21 岁或以上的持驾照者陪同下才可以开车。 9．What would be the best title for the text? A．Driving in the US. B．Transportation in the US. C．US Teenagers Drive Less. D．People Like Cars in the US. 解析：选 C 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述美国青少年驾车人数呈下降趋势这件事，前面 五段都是讲述这一主题并分析其原因，故 C 项正确。 10．Cars are used less than before mainly because of ________. A．traffic jams B．harder tests C．expensive petrol D．government rules 解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知，2007 年美国人使用小汽车数量减少主 要是因为汽油价格上涨，故 C 项正确。 11．What attitude does Kristin Nevels take towards cars' future in the US? A．Doubtful. B．Confused. C．Uncertain. D．Confident. 解析：选 D 推理判断题。根据最后一段 Kristin Nevels 的讲话可知，他认为小汽车 在美国永远是一种流行的交通工具，在很多地方是非常必要的。由此判断他对美国小汽车未 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 14 来的发展持乐观态度，故 D 项正确。 12．What can be inferred from the text? A．The UK has more teenager drivers than the US. B．A 15yearold boy cannot drive alone in the US. C．The US has very developed bus transportation system. D．Big cities have more teenager drivers than rural areas in the US. 解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据第四段可知，在美国许多州要求 16 岁以下的青少年必 须在 21 岁或以上的持驾照者陪伴下才可以开车。由此判断 B 项正确。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Do you have a spare room in your house? Do you like to share your driveway in front of your garage with others? __1__ Many people are benefiting from this new business of renting. Perhaps the bestknown example of a company in this field is Airbnb — an American web business which allows you to rent out your spare room to holidaymakers. It says it operates in 34,000 cities and it has 800,000 listings of rooms and apartments. __2__ A British company is doing something with parking spaces. JustPark's founder, Anthony Eskinazi, says, “When I had the original idea. I spotted a driveway close to a spots stadium. It would have been so convenient if I could have just parked in that driveway rather than in a commercial car park.” __3__ Around 20,000 people have advertised their spaces on the website, and he says around half a million drivers use it. __4__ They are people who run things like traditional hotels and commercial car parks. They are afraid of ending up losing money. __5__ Regulations for these new businesses are unclear. How will renting out your driveway affect your neighbor? Because this is a new business world, those rules aren't there yet. A．They seem to have occupied the majority of the market. B．Both of these can help you make money. C．And there is another problem. D．And his great idea has proved a success. E．But the new business of renting has its competitors. F．There are many ways to earn money. G．A commercial car park is inconvenient. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 15 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新的租赁形式：把你家空闲的地方租赁 出去。 1．B 空格前提到了把多余的房子和车库前的车道租出去，空格后的许多人已经从这种 新的租赁生意中获益，可知空格处表达的是“把房子和车道租出去可以使你赚钱”。故答案 为 B 项。 2．A 根据空格前的“it operates in 34,000 cities and it has 800,000 listings of rooms and apartments”可知这种租赁业务已经占了市场的大部分，故答案为 A 项。 3．D 根据空格后的“Around 20,000 people have advertised their spaces on the website, and he says around half a million drivers use it.”可知这项租赁业务获得 了成功，故答案为 D 项。 4．E 前面的内容都是叙述这项租赁业务的好的方面，而空格后是经营其他传统项目的 人，可知他们也有竞争者，故最佳答案为 E 项。 5．C 根据空格后的这个新行业的规则还不清楚，租赁车道是否影响邻居等，可知这是 这项新业务的另一个问题，故答案为 C 项。