2020届人教版高中英语复习必修4精炼：Unit2高考试卷分块专练 7页

必修4 Unit 2 高考试卷分块专练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A A couple of months ago, we were in a hurry to get somewhere, but it seemed that my 6yearold daughter had an instinctive (本能的) capacity to slow things down. In response I had become impatient, frustrated and unkind. As I unloaded my apology, she said, “Mom, it's OK. You've never been a mom before. This is your first time. You're just trying. It's OK.”‎ Her response made me feel ashamed. She had been able to give me what I had refused to give her just moments before — mercy, understanding and sympathy. And I needed it. We all do. In fact, there may be nothing more needed today in our nation and communities. ‎ It's no wonder that former Westboro Baptist Church member Megan has transformed her idea. She spent 20 years representing her family's beliefs with messages of hate towards blacks, Jews and those who support abortion. When she finally started being able to engage in (参与) civil dialog with her “enemies”， she found that “people on the other side were not the ones I had been led to believe ...” Finally, she left the faith of her family. What surprised her most was the forgiveness and understanding she experienced from those who had been her former “enemies”．‎ My experience with my daughter teaches me that the ability to engage “with the other”， to form a judgment, to avoid tough judgements, and to show sympathy is learned first, and practiced best, at home — even if, as in my case, it is my children who teach me the lesson. Researchers believe the key to developing those abilities in our children lies in how we respond to their feelings, especially the negative ones.‎ We should all make efforts to create a world where we are all better able to take the perspective (观点) of others, stay away from tough judgments and recognize and respect the humanity in the souls around us. This desire makes my own struggling to be better worth all the efforts every day.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要介绍了作者在对女儿道歉时，受到女儿回答的影响，意识到我们需要同情和理解对方。‎ ‎1．What did the author think of her daughter's reaction?‎ A．Her daughter was not so kind.‎ B．Her daughter did better than her.‎ C．Her daughter's words annoyed her.‎ D．Her daughter should make an apology.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段中作者对女儿道歉时女儿的答语可知B项正确。‎ ‎2．The author mentions the example of Megan in order to ________.‎ A．show that blacks and Jews are treated unfairly B．judge whether what Megan did was right or not C．show that there are no forever enemies in our life D．prove that people should show understanding to each other　‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。作者列举梅甘的例子是为了证明自己前面提到的以及后面还要重复强调的观点，即我们要学会站在对方的角度去看待问题，亦即人们之间要互相理解。‎ ‎3．Why did Megan change her attitude towards her former “enemies”？‎ A．Because she forgave them at last.‎ B．Because she knew them better later.‎ C．Because she made herself understood by them.‎ D．Because she felt great sympathy towards them.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，梅甘之所以把那些人当成敌人，是因为她并没有真正了解那些人，后来通过了解之后发现他们并不是自己以前认为的那样。‎ ‎4．What's the author's attitude toward our future?‎ A．Hopeful.　　　　　　　 B．Doubtful.‎ C．Cautious. D．Worried.‎ 解析：选A　观点态度题。根据最后一段作者说我们要努力创造一个更好地对待别人的世界，远离不公正的判断和尊重周围的人可以看出，作者对未来是抱有希望的。‎ B ‎(2018·太原一模)Recently I and other Red Cross volunteers met a group of victims from Hurricane Katrina. We were there, as mental health professionals, to offer “psychological first aid” and I was struck by the simple healing power of presence. As we walked in the gate to the shelter, we were greeted with a burst of gratitude (感激) from the first person we met. I felt appreciated, but also guilty, because I hadn't really done anything yet.‎ I first realized the power of presence many years ago when a friend's mother passed away unexpectedly. I received a call saying she had just passed away. I wanted to rush down there immediately, but didn't want to intrude (打扰) on this very personal period of sadness. I was torn about what to do. Another friend with me then said, “Just go. Just be there.” I did, and I will never regret it.‎ Since then, I have not hesitated to be in the presence of others. Once I sat at the bedside of a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDSrelated dying. He was not awake, and obviously unaware of others' presence. However, the atmosphere was by no means solemn. His family, playing guitars and singing, allowed him to be present with them as though he were still fully alive.‎ In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence. In it, none of us are truly alone. It not only is something we give to others but also changes me for the better.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要讲述了“我”通过一些活动意识到“到场”的重要意义。‎ ‎5．Why were the hurricane victims grateful to the author?‎ A．He built shelters for them.‎ B．He gave immediate first aid to them.‎ C．He came to stay with them.‎ D．He brought mental health professionals.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句可知，因为“我”在他们受灾时和他们在一起，所以他们感激“我”，故C项正确。‎ ‎6．What did the author do when his friend's mother passed away?‎ A．He hesitated over whether to go.‎ B．He went to his friend's at once.‎ C．He knew what to do instantly.‎ D．He decided not to disturb his friend.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I wanted to rush down there immediately ...I was torn about what to do.”可知，“我”想要立即去朋友那里，但又不愿意去打扰朋友，据此可知，当朋友的母亲去世时，“我”犹豫是否要去朋友那里。‎ ‎7．What does the underlined word “solemn” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A．Heavy but warm.‎ B．A little sad but cosy.‎ C．Relaxing and delightful.‎ D．Very serious and unhappy.‎ 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句中的“His family, playing guitars and singing”可知，男青年的家人在弹奏吉他并唱歌；结合画线词所在句中的“However ...no means”和第三段第二句中的“a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDSrelated dying”可以判断，在家人的陪伴下，气氛并不悲伤和严肃，据此可以判断，画线词意为“严肃的”，故D项正确。‎ ‎8．What has the author learned from his experience?‎ A．A friend in need is a friend indeed.‎ B．Being present can make a big difference.‎ C．The family harmony is the happiest thing in life.‎ D．Being a volunteer can make one's life more significant.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段的前两句“In my life, I am repeatedly ...are truly alone.”并结合第二段的第一句可知，从自己的经历中“我”意识到了“到场”的重要意义，故B项正确。‎ C Square foot gardening is a type of gardening made popular by Mel Bartholemew.It is based on the idea that the wide rows in traditional ‎ gardening are a waste of time, work, water and area.It shows that quality vegetables can be grown in less space with less work.In this method, the garden space is divided into “beds”．Each bed is 4’×4’(16 sq ft) (120cm×120cm, 1.4m2)．The beds are separated by paths (小路)．These beds are further divided into squares of about one square foot.Common spacing is one plant per square for larger plants such as broccoli, four per square for medium large plants like lettuce, nine per square for medium small plants like spinach, and sixteen per square for small plants such as onions and carrots.The weeds (杂草) are removed from the beds and the plants are watered from the paths.This stops the soil from being compacted (压紧)．‎ Benefits of square foot gardening：‎ ‎·Much less work.Normal gardening needs heavy tools to loosen the soil.In this method, the soil is never compacted and it remains loose.‎ ‎·Water savings.The loose ground holds the water better.This type of garden needs water less often than other methods.Also, water is placed very near the plant roots.Less water is wasted.‎ ‎·Very few weeds.The vegetables form a living mulch (覆盖物) and shade out many weeds before they can start to grow.‎ ‎·Pesticides (杀虫剂) are not needed.Natural ways to keep pests away work very well in a close space.Many different types of plants in a small area also stop plant diseases from spreading easily.‎ 语篇解读：本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了平方尺菜园的操作方法和益处。‎ ‎9．Why does square foot gardening become popular?‎ A．It makes full use of space.‎ B．It is suggested by Mel Bartholemew.‎ C．It provides more vegetables for people.‎ D．It produces vegetables of higher quality.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段的“It shows that quality vegetables can be grown in less space with less work.”可知，平方尺菜园能够充分利用空间。‎ ‎10．Why is the gardening called square foot gardening?‎ A．Because vegetables are grown in the squares.‎ B．Because you can grow vegetables anywhere by using it.‎ C．Because the smallest bed in it is only one square foot.‎ D．Because the places where vegetables are grown are too small.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据其名称和第一段的“These beds are further divided into squares of about one square foot.”可知正确答案。‎ ‎11．What can we infer from the text?‎ A．Loose soil is good for plant growth.‎ B．Onions and carrots need more space.‎ C．Compacted soil is important to some plants.‎ D．Square foot gardening needs some heavy tools.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句话和下文“Normal gardening needs heavy tools to loosen the soil.”可知，松散的土壤有利于植物的生长。‎ ‎12．Why are there fewer weeds in square foot gardening?‎ A．Because weed killers are used.‎ B．Because weeds can't get sunlight.‎ C．Because weeds are short of water.‎ D．Because weeds have been removed.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。从Benefits of square foot gardening的第三条可知，蔬菜遮住了杂草的阳光，因为见不到阳光，所以杂草很少。‎ D ‎(2018·济南高考模拟)I used to believe courtesy was a thing of the past. Very seldom have I encountered a courteous human being in this modern era.‎ Recently, I had to change my thinking, when I came face to face with just such a human being in a coffee place, with my two daughters. The place was crowded as usual and we had to climb steep (陡的) stairs in order to find an empty table. After enjoying coffee and snacks, we went down the narrow stairs, where there was hardly any space for another person to either climb up or come down.‎ Just as I was in the middle of the stairs, a man entered the main entrance of the restaurant which was right in front of the staircase (楼梯). I was sure I would be pushed roughly by this man going up. I kept coming down as fast as I could. My daughters were already down, looking up at me worriedly, hoping I would reach them before the stranger started walking up the stairs, knowing I was a nervous sort.‎ Nearly reaching them, I noticed the man still standing near the door. I reached my daughters and passed the stranger at the entrance door which he kept holding open. I looked back, thinking he was still at the door, deciding whether to go in or find another less crowded place. I saw him going up the stairs, two at a time. I told my daughters about it and all three of us felt bad that we did not even thank the courteous gentleman who was actually holding the door open for us ladies to pass through before going up.‎ Such well mannered people are hard to find these days when pushing is very common in our ‎ advanced but aggressive society. We applauded for his chivalry (彬彬有礼)．‎ 语篇解读：在这个忙碌的现代社会，彬彬有礼、体贴他人的品质变得尤为珍贵。作者讲述了自己经历的一件事情，并赞扬了这种良好的品质。‎ ‎13．What is the meaning of the underlined word “courtesy” in Paragraph 1?‎ A．A brave action. B．Sacrifice spirit.‎ C．A considerate action. D．Selfish behavior.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据下文故事中的男人为作者让路并且开门可推测出，这是一种体贴的行为，故选C项。‎ ‎14．What did the author think of the man at the first sight of him？　‎ A．He was in a hurry.‎ B．He would wait for her.‎ C．He would pass her rudely.‎ D．He was a man with good manners.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I was sure I would be pushed roughly by this man going up.”可知，作者本认为这个男人会粗鲁地挤开她上楼梯，故选C项。‎ ‎15．What can we learn about the man from Paragraph 4?‎ A．He might be a waiter of the café.‎ B．He might have an urgent business to do.‎ C．He loved a daughter of the author.‎ D．He would hold the door open for all.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I saw him going up the stairs, two at a time.”以及下文谈到她们都来不及对那个男人说一声谢谢可推知，那个男人上楼梯，一次上两级台阶，应该是有急事要做，故选B项。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎(2018·郑州市第一次质量预测)‎ Do People Need Small Talk to Be Happy?‎ Psychologists (心理学家) have long said that connecting with others is an important part of happiness, but just how much conversation we require is under examination. In one study, researchers found that small talk made up only 10% of their conversation related to happiness. __1__ Scientists believe that small talk could promote bonding. Late last year, Princeton researchers reported that small talk keeps closeness with loved ones, and isn't merely the stuff of awkward exchanges with strangers.‎ Still, chatting with strangers could brighten your morning. In a series of experiments, psychologists gave Chicago passengers different directions about whether to talk with fellow passengers — something they typically avoided. __2__ None of the chatters reported being ‎ rejected.‎ Small talk can also help us feel connected with our surroundings. People who smiled at, made eye contact with, and briefly spoke with their Starbucks baristas (服务员) reported a greater sense of belonging than those who rushed through the transaction (交易). __3__ One report found that when volunteers broke the silence to chat with gallery goers, the visitors felt happier and more connected with the exhibit than those who were not approached.‎ ‎__4__ In one study, people who were rated “less curious” by researchers had trouble getting a conversation rolling on their own, and had greater luck building closeness with others when they were supplied with questions that encouraged personal disclosure (透露). But people who were considered “curious” needed no help when transforming conversations about ordinary things into personal exchanges. __5__‎ A．The same is true of gallery goers.‎ B．But don't play down small talk just yet.‎ C．They found that small talk is related to happiness.‎ D．Those told to chat with others reported a more pleasant journey.‎ E．Making small talk is an important skill for all the social situations.‎ F．A “curious mindset”， the author concluded, can lead to “positive social interactions”．‎ G．Of course, some people are better than others at turning small talk into something bigger.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要讲述了聊天会让人开心。‎ ‎1．选B　根据上文的“In one study, researchers ... related to happiness.”和下文的“Scientists believe that small talk could promote bonding.”可知，空格前后表示转折关系，所以选B项“但是，不要贬低聊天的重要性”。‎ ‎2．选D　根据下文的“None of the chatters reported being rejected.”可推知，应选D项。那些被要求去和陌生人聊天的乘客说旅途更加愉快。‎ ‎3．选A　根据下文的“chat with gallery goers”可知，应选A项。参观美术馆的人也有同样的感受。‎ ‎4．选G　根据本段中对两类人的介绍可推知，有些人更擅长把聊天话题扩大，所以选G项。‎ ‎5．选F　根据上文的“But people who were ... into personal exchanges.”可推知，具有好奇心的人会与他人进行积极的社交互动，所以选F项。‎