河南新密市高考英语一轮复习-语法填空和阅读精选精练(四) 9页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 河南新密市 2017 高考英语语法填空和阅读（一轮）精选精练 (2015·大庆质检二)Years ago, when I was a poor artist trying to sell my paintings in local galleries, I __1__(live) in the heart of a city. The rent for my apartment was really cheap __2__ it was in the middle of one of the busiest neighborhoods in town.People who visited me used to ask me __3__ I could sleep.“Doesn’t the sound of the traffic bother you? How can you get used to __4__ much noise？” You see, there were also rows and rows of shops and bars playing loud music day and night and my apartment was above a really loud and noisy __5__．But I found it all fascinating. If I were ever short __6__ cash and couldn’t afford to do anything much, which in those days was usually the case, I could always go outside and take __7__ look around. You see, there were always a great number of tourists visiting the shops, so I could always find someone __8__ (interest) to talk with. And Joe, the owner of the bar below me, could always give me a little money to survive on in exchange for __9__(do) a few odd jobs for him. At the time, I suppose, I thought I was poor. Sometimes, we don’t realize how __10__(fortune) we are, do we? 【语篇导读】 作者是一个穷困潦倒的画家，住在嘈杂的闹市区。难以继日时，Joe 会施以援手，这让作者感 到非常幸运。 1．lived [考查一般过去时。本文描述的是多年前的事，因此用一般过去时。] 2．because [考查连词。“我”的公寓的房租很便宜，因为“我”住在最繁忙之一的街区里。] 3．how [考查引导词。根据语境可知，此处表示“外边是繁忙的街区，那我是怎样睡着的？”。] 4．so [考查固定结构。“so much＋不可数名词”意为“如此多的……”。] 5．one [考查代词。“我”住的公寓在一个很吵闹的商店/酒吧上面。one 代指商店或酒吧。] 6．of [考查介词。be short of 意为“缺少/短缺……”。] 7．a [考查固定短语。take a look 意为“看一看”，是固定结构。] 8．interesting [考查形容词。根据语境可知，此处表示“我找到某个有趣的人去交谈”。] 9．doing [考查非谓语动词。介词“for”后应跟动词－ing 形式。] 10．fortunate [考查词性转换。根据语境可知，此空应填其形容词形式。] (2015·邢台摸底)(Near the school gate, a woman driver was stopped by a traffic officer.) Officer：Madam, do you know how fast you were going just now? Driver：(Looking at the record.) Uh, well, no! I didn’t think I was going that fast... 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 Officer：This is a 25 mph zone, Madam. You see that school over there? You __1__(go) 35 mph. Driver：__2__ today is Sunday, sir. There is no school today. Officer：Madam, there __3__(be)signs that say what the speed limit is. Besides, children often come to school on the weekend __4__(play) sports. You see all those kids over there? What __5__ you hit one of them by accident? Driver：I’m __6__(terrible)sorry, Officer. I won’t do it again. Could you please let me off with __7__ warning? Officer：I’m afraid I can’t do that, Madam. In school zones, I’m required to give tickets to all drivers __8__ break the rules. It’s the law in this county. Driver：Oh, dear！How __9__ is this going to cost me? Officer：I don’t know, Madam. Usually, these things can be taken care of for __10__(little) than $ 100. Now please sign here at the bottom. Driver：OK. 【语篇导读】 这是一位女士和交警之间的一段对话，这位女士在学校附近超速。 1．were going [考查过去进行时。根据语境可知，此处表示刚才女士驾车的速度已经达到 35 mph，故用过 去进行时。] 2．But [考查连词。根据下文中的“There is no school today”可知，此处表示转折，意为“但是今天是 星期天”，故用 But。] 3．are [考查一般现在时和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处是一般性的陈述，故用一般现在时；再根据空格 后的 signs 可知，此处用复数形式，故填 are。] 4．to play [考查动词不定式。根据语境可知，此处表示“孩子们经常在周末到学校来运动”，此处应用动 词不定式作目的状语，即 to play。] 5．if [考查固定短语。此处表示“如果你意外撞倒他们中的一个怎么办”，故此处用 what if“如果……怎 么办”的固定结构。] 6．terribly [考查副词。此处用副词 terribly 修饰形容词 sorry，表示“十分抱歉”。] 7．a [考查冠词。此处表示“你能放过我，只给一个警告吗？”，故用不定冠词 a。] 8．who/that [考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，“__8__ break the rules”是定语从句，修饰先行词 drivers，指人，从句中缺少主语，故可用 who 或 that。] 9．much [考查副词。此处表示“需要罚多少钱”，用 How much。] 10．less [考查比较级。根据空格后的 than 可知，此处用 little 的比较级 less。] 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于 3 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【辽宁卷题 型】 Lily：Boys and girls, May I have your attention Please! Today we have an honorable guest here, Professor Smith, __1__ come from the USA. Professor Smith , could you tell us how to study English well? Professor Smith：Well, that's a very broad topic. Lily：OK, I see. So __2__ of all, how should we greet someone that we haven't seen for a long time? Professor Smith：You __3__ greet them with “how are you doing” instead of “how do you do”？ Lily：OK, Here's another. What is __4__ best way to improve one's accent? Professor Smith：OK. You have the habit of speaking Chinese. Your mouth has some special repetitive actions. Lily：Then what should we do? Professor Smith：You should listen to native speakers or talk to people in English __5__ often as you can. Lily：But most students are afraid of __6__ (laugh ) at. Professor Smith：In the USA, many Chinese students are also shy of speaking English. We should be confident, and speak English as if no one else __7__(listen) Lily：Thanks a lot, Professor Smith. In summing up, could you please give us one sentence __8__(conclude) our discussion? Professor Smith：Speak English __9__(loud)! Lily：Thank you professor. And thank you all for listening. Today's programme will __10__(repeat) on Friday at 12：30. See you then. Professor Smith：Good bye then. 1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______ 答案：1.who 2.first 3.can 4.the 5.as 6.being laughed 7.is listening 8.to conclude 9.aloud 10.be repeated 广东省语法填空 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号 中词语的正确形式填空。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 A new campaign to ban smoking in taxis is part of a wider push to clean up the city’s image before the 2010 World Expo(2010 年世界博览会). The Shanghai Dazhong Taxi, a taxi company, said drivers __1__(find) smoking in their cabs could “possibly” be fined or even temporarily banned __2__ working. Signs __3__(place) in all of the taxi company’s 9,100 strong fleet (车队) saying “No Smoking in Taxis. Welcome to Shanghai World Expo”． “We hope the sanitation(卫生环境) of cabs in the city will be improved through our no-smoking campaign，__4__ is a mutual benefit for __5__ drivers and passengers. ” Dazhong said it would __6__(close) monitor the campaign’s progress. Drivers caught smoking will undergo the company’s training and inspection program. “Cabs found to have cigarette smell will be called back”， Zhao said. Many taxi drivers smoke __7__(relax) from working long hours. The official admitted __8__ would not be an easy task to achieve a total smoke ban in a short time. “Promoting non-smoking taxis in the whole city is __9__ long journey，” Zhao said. “__10__ having a long way to go, we are confident of fulfilling our ‘smoke-free taxi’ program in the city through our diligence.” 1．[解析] 过去分词作定语，表示“被发现抽烟的司机”。 [答案] found 2．[解析] 动词与介词的固定搭配，be banned from doing sth.意思是“被禁止做”。 [答案] from 3．[解析] 已经被放置，现在完成时态的被动语态。 [答案] have been placed 4．[解析] which 引导非限定性定语从句。 [答案] which 5．[解析] 根据上下文的意义，这项运动是对司机和乘客双方都有好处的，所以填 both。 [答案] both 6．[解析] 修饰动词 monitor，用副词 closely，表示接近地、严密地(监控)。 [答案] closely 7．[解析] 动词不定式作目的状语，许多出租车司机吸烟的目的是为了放松。 [答案] to relax 8．[解析] it 在这里充当 admitted 后面的宾语从句中的形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式 to achieve a total smoke ban in a short time。 [答案] it 9．[解析] 不定冠词的用法，表示“一个，一段”。 [答案] a 10．[解析] 表示“尽管，虽然”。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 [答案] Despite 【语法填空】Chaplin-A Great Master of Humour Chaplin was an extraordinary performer who ____1____(star) in and directed many outstanding comedies. Few were bored ____2_____(watch) his moustache, his gestures or his entertaining reactions when ___3______(chase) by detectives. Being drunk, sliding on a banana skin or whispering ____4_____ own failures to nobody, he made us feel more content with our life without any verbal explanation. His particular sense of humor has astonished everybody throughout the world up to now. In ___5____ small budget film, he played a badly-off and ___6______(home) person wearing worn-out shoes and messy clothes. ____7 _____ one occasion, he was trapped by a snowstorm in a vast mountainous area. ____8_____ he overcame many difficulties, he wasn’t fortunate enough. With all the porridge eaten up, he picked out a shoe and boiled it to eat. He cut ___9______ the leather bottom and chewed it like a pancake. According to an actress, his acting was so convincing and amusing ____10_____ everybody couldn’t help bursting into laughter. 【参考答案】Keys: 1. starred 2. chased 3. his 4. a 5. homeless 6. On 7. Though 8. eaten 9. off 10. that 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的 A,B,C 或 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A research by the National Center for Health Statistics is seen as an important confirmation of the “Hispanic mortality paradox(西班牙裔死亡率悖论).” On average, Hispanics outlive whites by 2.5 years and blacks by 7.7 years. Their life expectancy at birth in 2006 was 80.6 years, compared with 78.1 for whites, 72.9 for blacks and 77.7 years for the total population. The report shows that the Hispanic population has higher life expectancy at birth and at almost 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 every age despite a socioeconomic status lower than that of whites. “Mortality is very correlated with income, education and health care access,” says Elizabeth Arias, author of the report. “You would expect the Hispanic population would have higher mortality, in line with the black population.” The Hispanic paradox has been documented for more than two decades, but this is the first time the government has had enough data to issue national numbers. Researchers are struggling to explain why Hispanics live longer. “We don’t know,” says David Hayes-Bautista, director of the Center for the Study of Latino Health and Culture at UCLA’s David Geffen School of Medicine. “We thought it was a problem in the data, but we can pretty much say this is real.” Potential factors: ·Culture and lifestyle. Support from extended family and lower rates of smoking and drinking. Latino groups in particular have very strong family and social ties. ·Migration. The “healthy migrant effect” argues that healthy people are more likely to emigrate. And when immigrants become ill, they might return home and die there. “Solving the puzzle may help the nation deal with health care issues because Hispanics use health services less—they make fewer doctors visits and spend less time in hospitals,” Hayes Bautista says. “It’s clearly something in the Latino culture,” he says. 1. In 2006, Hispanics’ life expectancy is years longer than the average of the total population. A. 2. 5 B. 7. 7 C. 2. 9 D. 80. 6 2. What does the underlined word “outlive” in the second paragraph probably mean? A. To live longer than. . . B. To live shorter than. . . C. To die out. D. To expect to live. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 3. What is the main idea of paragraph three? A. Hispanics were born better than whites. B. Morality is closely related with health care access. C. Whites should have longer life expectancy. D. Even experts can’t explain the phenomenon. 4. What is Mr. Hayes-Bautista’s opinion about the paradox? A. He supports there is a problem with the data. B. He intends to trust the cultural factor. C. He believes in the “healthy migrant effect”. D. He thinks health care the most important factor. 5. Which of the following inferences is true according to the passage? A. Black people suffer the lowest social status in America. B. Hispanics might have healthier ways of life. C. Only healthy people can immigrate into America. D. White people don’t have strong family ties. 【参考答案】1—5、CADBB 2016 高考训练题。阅读理解。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。 When I met him，I had a lot of anger inside of me. I've lived my whole life in Spanish Harlem， but in my neighborhood，there are shoot¬ ups all the time. I know kids who have been shot or beaten up. I have friends who ended up in prison. I could have ended up that way，too，but Mr. Clark wouldn't let that happen. Mr. Clark worked long hours，making sure I did my work. My grades rose. In fact，the scores of our whole class rose. One day，he took our class to see The Phantom of the Opera ，and it was the first time some kids had ever been out of Harlem. Before the show，he treated us to dinner at a restaurant and taught us not to talk with our mouths full. We did not want to let him down. Mr. Clark was selected as Disney's 2000 Teacher of the Year. He said he would draw three names out of a hat；those students would to with him to Los Angeles to get the award. But when the time came to draw names，Mr. Clark said，“You're all going.” On graduation day，there were a lot of tears. We didn't want his class to end. In 2001，he moved to Atlanta，but we always kept in touch. He started giving lectures about education，and wrote a bestselling book based on his classroom rules，The Essential 55. In 2003，Mr. Clark took some of us on a trip to South Africa to deliver school supplies and visit the orphanages (孤儿院)．It was the most amazing experience of my life. It's now my dream to one day start a group of women's clubs，helping people from all backgrounds. 1．Without Mr. Clark，the writer ________. A．might have been put into prison B．might not have won the prize C．might have joined a women's club D．might not have moved to Atlanta 2．The Essential 55 is ________. A．a show B．a speech C．a classroom rule D．a book 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．It was in Harlem that we saw The Phantom of the Opera for the first time. B．Mr. Clark taught us not to talk with our mouths full，and we did. C．Mr. Clark was selected as Disney's 2000 Teacher of the Year in Los Angeles. D．In 2003，Mr. Clark moved to Atlanta，and he always kept in touch with us. 4．In the passage，the writer intends to tell us that ________. A．Mr. Clark went to South Africa because he liked traveling B．Mr. Clark helped to set up a group of women's clubs 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 C．a good teacher can help raise his or her students scores D．a good teacher has a good influence on his or her students 参考答案 1—4、ADBD