高考英语题汇总复习 14页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 海南省 高考英语题 本试题卷分第 I 卷(选择题）和第 II 卷(非选择题)两部分。考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡 上(答题注意事项见答题卡)，在本试题卷上答题无效。考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一 并交回。 第 I 卷 第一部 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)（略） 第二部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 单项琪空(共 15 小题:每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 从 A. B. C. D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选硕，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 例: It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 答案是 B. 1. It's the sort of work that ____ a high level of concentration. A．calls for B．makes up C．lies in D．stands for 2. The new movie ________ to be one of the biggest moneymakers of all time. A．promises B．agrees C．pretends D．declines 3. The samples________in quality but were generally acceptable. A．varied B．changed C．disagreed D．exchanged 4. —How much did the guy ________ you to fix your 3G mobile phone? —I don't remember, but it was quite a lot. A．cost B．spend C．charge D．take 5. He took pity on the people in the flooded areas and________his clothes and quilts to them. A．gave away B．gave off C．sent out D．threw away 6．—Can you come to the party tonight? —Sorry，I can't.________ the boss about something urgent. A．I see B．I can see C．I'll be seeing D．I shall have seen 7. Do you expect ________to be a possibility that we may have three days off for the coming New Year's Day? A．it B．there C．that D．this 8. When she came several days later, she found that all things still ___ where she had __ them. A. lay; laid B. laid; laid C. lay; lain D. lying; lain 9．The report indicated that 45% of students were in jobs not ________ specific qualifications. A．requiring B．to be required C．being required D．to have required 10. I get ________ in this difficult situation and don't know what to do. A. stuck B. affected C. held D. concerned 11. The poor young man is ready to accept ________help he can get. A．whichever B．however C．whatever D．whenever 12. I plan to go back home to visit my family during the Spring Festival, but if I can't get the train ticket, I still have an________ plan: to visit the museums. A．alternate B．alternative C．absolute D．appreciable 13．—I went to Tom's birthday party last night. A lot of my good friends were there too. —It ________ fun. A. must be B. can be C. must have been D. can have been 14. You could see the beautiful views from ________we stood. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 A．which B．where C．that D．when 15. —________ for the fire! —It's OK. I'll be careful enough. A. Look out B. Watch over C. Put out D. Light up 第二节 完形填空 （共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A, B, C 和 D)中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 One famous artist Sheikh went back to his hometown. He hadn't seen one of his friends for many years, who was a __16__and needy man. When Sheikh asked about him, he was told by people that the man he was__17__was a rich man and no longer poor. Sheikh__18__to pay a visit to his friend. __19__talking with his friend, Sheikh asked him the __20__for the change in his situation. The man replied that he had been so poor that he was forced to__21__some properties(财产)that belonged to him, like furniture(家具). By selling these things, he had__22__some money enough to start a __23__with. As he was on his way back to his house with the__24__， he saw a poor lady__25__by the road. The man asked the lady the reason, and she__26__that her husband died and her children were__27__. Hearing this, the man felt__28__for her, and on seeing that she__29__the money more than himself, he gave all the money to her. He__30__home and spent the night, sad and__31__for his family. The next morning，__32__he was summoned(召唤) to the house of a rich man. He was told by the rich man that he had six thousand bags of__33__which he wanted to sell quickly and the man could buy it at a__34__price on loan(借用) from him. The poor man did so and sold the rice__35__. He took some more bags several days later and in this way he was able to make much more money. Soon he became rich. 16．A.clever B．rich C．lazy D．poor 17．A.living with B．waiting for C．asking about D．listening to 18．A.decided B．forgot C．refused D．tried 19．A.Until B．Before C．After D．While 20．A.message B．reason C．time D．plan 21．A.sell B．make C．keep D．find 22．A.saved B．collected C．paid D．wasted 23．A.travel B．business C．family D．lesson 24．A.money B．news C．hope D．furniture 25．A.crying B．walking C．sleeping D．standing 26．A.believed B．explained C．shouted D．imagined 27．A.hungry B．dangerous C．crazy D．angry 28．A.sadness B．interest C．shame D．pity 29．A.took B．needed C．owned D．earned 30．A.drove B．returned C．left D．stayed 31．A.worried B．pleased C．excited D．frightened 32．A.happily B．surprisingly C．carelessly D．unluckily 33．A.rice B．meat C．vegetables D．clothes 34．A.low B．fair C．high D．right 35．A.slowly B．quickly C．hardly D．finally 第三部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题:每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A. B. C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑• A A 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 The practice of magic includes special words, actions, and objects. Most magic involves a person called a magician, who claims to have supernatural powers. Magic words. To work most magic, the magician sings or speaks special words in a certain order. These words are called incantations or spells. Some spells form prayers to demons(魔鬼), spirits, or other supernatural forces. Many societies believe the magic will not work unless the magician recites the spells perfectly. Other magic words have no meaning, though they supposedly possess power when spoken by a magician. Magic actions accompany the words spoken in performing much magic. Many of these movements act out the desired effect of the magic. For example, a magician trying to make rain fall may sprinkle(洒) water on the ground. The magician's combined words and actions form a ceremony. Magic objects include certain plants, stones, and other things with supposed supernatural powers. Any such object may be called a fetish(物神). But this term often refers to an object—for example, a carving or a dried snake—honored by a tribe for its magic powers. Many tribes believe fetishes have magic power because spirits live in these objects. Many people carry magic objects called amulets(护身符)to protect themselves from harm. Many amulets are stones or rings engraved(雕刻) with magic symbols. The magician. In some societies, nearly everyone knows how to work some magic. In other societies, only experts practice magic. Magicians may be called medicine men, medicine women, shamans, sorcerers, or witch doctors. In many societies, magicians must inherit their powers. In others, any person may become a magician by studying the magical arts. Many societies believe magicians must observe certain rules and taboos (forbidden actions) for their spells to work. For example, they may be required not to eat various foods or to avoid sexual activity for a certain period before the ceremony. 36．What do magic words mean to people in some society? A．They have the power to kill devils. B．They have power if magician recites the right spells. C．They have no effect at all. D．They can be used whenever they want. 37．People believe magic actions will have an effect if they are accompanied by________. A．the spells B．magic objects C．stones or rings engraved with magic symbols D．medicine 38．Why do many people believe in a fetish? A．Because it is often a ring which is worth a lot of money. B．Because it is carved with magic symbols. C．Because people think spirits live in it. D．Because it can help them with many things. 39．According to the passage what kind of person can become a magician? A．Only those studying the magical arts. B．Only those inheriting their powers. C．Only men. D．Almost all the people in some societies. 40．What's the best title of the passage? A．How Magic Works 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 B．The Power of Magic C．How to Practice Magic D．The Choice of Magicians B Every culture has a recognized point when a child becomes an adult, when rules must be followed and tests passed. In China, although teenagers can get their ID cards at 16, many only see themselves as an adult when they are 18. In the US, where everyone drives, the main step to the freedom of adult life is learning to drive. At 16, American teens take their driving test. When they have their license, they drive into the grownup world. “Nobody wants to ride the cheese bus to school，” said Eleanor Fulham, 17. She brought the pressure back to memory, especially for kids from wealthier families. “It's like you're not cool if you don't have a car，” she said. According to recent research, 41% of 16 to 19yearolds in the US own cars, up from 23% in 1985. Although, most of these cars are bought by parents, some teens get parttime jobs to help pay. Not all families can afford cars for their children. In cities with subways and limited parking, some teenagers don't want them. But in rich suburban areas without subways, and where bicycles are more for fun than transportation, it is strange for a teenager not to have a car. But police say 16yearolds have almost three times more accidents than 18 to 19yearolds. This has made many parents pause before letting their kids drive. Julie Sussman, of Virginia, decided that her son Chad, 15, will wait until he is 17 to apply for his learner's permit. Chad said he has accepted his parents' decision, although it has caused some teasing from his friends. “They say that I am unlucky，” he said, “But I'd rather be alive than driving, and I_don't_really_trust_my_friends_on_the_road,_either.” In China as more families get cars, more 18yearolds learn to drive. Will this become a big step to becoming an adult? 41．Which may serve as the best title of the article? A．Cars Helping You to GrowUp B．Driving into the GrownUp World C．Teenagers' Driving in America D．Recognized Point of Becoming an Adult 42．16yearold drivers have more accidents possibly because________. A．they want to show themselves off B．they are never experienced drivers C．older people always drive better D．they never drive carefully on the road 43．Which may NOT be taken into consideration when deciding whether to buy a car? A．How well off the family is. B．Whether the kid is old enough. C．What traffic condition there is around. D．Whether it's practically needed. 44．When Chad said “I don't really trust my friends…”， he meant that________. A．he might run into his friends if he drove B．he didn't agree with his friends C．he might not be safe if his friends drove D．he was afraid that his friends might well lie to him 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 45．The passage mainly gives information about ________. A．an American culture B．a cultural difference between America and China C．a change in the Chinese culture D．the relationship between driving and a person's development C I'm usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago. While any of these statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. Still, I was struck by a report which concluded that today's children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children aged 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago. Why are America's kids so stressed? The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation(隔离) brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, among other things and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place. Considering that we_can't_turn_the_clock_back,_adults can still do plenty to help the next generation. At the top of the list is nurturing(培育) a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress. To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers. Your family will thank you later. They will have more time for facetoface relationships, and they will get more sleep. Limit the amount of virtual(虚拟的) violence your children are exposed to. It's not just video games and movies; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news. Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale. Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a good model for your kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable. But it doesn't have to ruin your life. 46．According to the analysis, compared with normal children today, children treated as mentally ill 50 years ago ________. A．probably suffered less from anxiety B．were considered less individualistic C．were less isolated physically D．were probably less selfcentered 47．What does the author mean by saying “we can't turn the clock back” in the third paragraph? A．It's impossible to forget the past. B．The social reality children are facing cannot be forgotten. C．It's impossible to slow down the pace of change. D．Lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten. 48．The author thinks that the conclusions of any research about people's state of mind are ________. A．illogical B．confusing C．surprising D．questionable 49．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 A．To children, anxiety is completely avoidable. B．TV and computer play an important role in isolating children from the real world. C．Exercise does not help to lessen children's anxiety. D．Sometimes local news about crime and murder also affects children a little. 50．The first and most important thing parents should do to help their children is________. A．to lower their expectations for them B．to set a good model for them to follow C．to get them more involved socially D．to improve them with a safer environment D Japanese high school students either walk or ride bicycles if the distance is not too great. In other cases, students must take public buses and trains. After junior high school, students attend schools based on their high school entrance examination scores. So some students travel a great distance to attend the school. ◆________ The school day begins at 8：30. Then students assemble in their homeroom classes for the day's studies. Each homeroom has an average of 40—45 students. Students stay in their homeroom classrooms for most of the school day. Only for physical education, laboratory classes, or other subjects requiring special facilities(设 备) do students move to different parts of the school. Between classes and at lunchtime, classrooms can be noisy, lively places. Some schools may have a cafeteria(自助餐厅), but most do not. In most schools, students bring a box lunch from home, prepared by the mother in the early morning hours. Japanese students spend 240 days a year at school, 60 days more than American students. Students in high schools take three years' each of the following subjects mathematics, social studies, Japanese, science, and English. Other subjects include physical education, music, art, and moral(道德的) studies. All the students in one grade level study the same subjects. Given the number of required subjects, electives(选修科目) are few. ◆Afterschool Activities Club activities take place after school every day. Students can join only one club, and they rarely change clubs from year to year, so the clubs are relatively stable. Clubs are made up of sports clubs(baseball, soccer, judo, kendo, etc.) and culture clubs(English, broadcasting, science, etc.). New students usually are encouraged to select a club shortly after the school year begins in April. Clubs meet for two hours after school each day and many clubs continue to meet during school vacations. 51．Most Japanese high school students often have their lunch________. A．in restaurants B．in school cafeterias C．at home D．in homeroom classrooms 52．Students in the USA go to school________days a year. A．180 B．200 C．240 D．300 53．The underlined word “rarely” in the fourth paragraph means “________”． A．always B．never C．seldom D．often 54.From the passage we know that________. A．there are less than 40 students in each class in Japanese high schools B．students must stay in homeroom classrooms for physical education C．there are few subjects for students to choose except the required ones D．there will not be any club activities during school vacations 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 55．The best subtitle for the second and third paragraphs may be “________”． A．At school B．In class C．Subjects D．Homerooms 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 10"分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为 多余选项。 The hardest language People often ask which is the most difficult language to learn, and it is not easy to answer because there are many factors to take into consideration. Firstly, in a first language the differences are unimportant as people learn their mother tongue naturally. 1 A native speaker of Spanish, for example, will find Portuguese much easier to learn than a native speaker of Chinese, for example, because Portuguese is very similar to Spanish, while Chinese is very different. 2 The greater the differences between the second language and our first, the harder it will be for most people to learn. 3 Teachers and the circumstances in which the language is learned also play an important role, as well as each learner’s motivation for learning. If people learn a language because they need to use it professionally, they often learn it faster than people studying a language that has no direct use in their day to day life. Apparently, British diplomats and other embassy staff have found that the second hardest language is Japanese, which will probably come as no surprise to many, but the language that they have found to be the most problematic is Hungarian, which has 35 forms of a nouns according to whether it is subject, object, etc. 4 In the case of Hungarian for British learners, it is not a question of the writing system, which uses a similar alphabet, but the grammatical complexity, though native speakers of related languages may find it easier, while struggling with languages that the British find relatively easy. No language is easy to learn well, though languages which are related to our first language are easier. Learning a completely different writing system is a huge challenge, but that does not necessarily make a language more difficult than another. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 5 A. In this case, first language can affect learning a second language. B. Therefore, it is difficult to gain a good knowledge of every language. C. Some people seem to learn languages readily, while others find it very difficult. D. This does not mean that Hungarian is the hardest language to learn for everyone. E. Individuals from different cultures will find different languages more difficult. F. It is impossible to say that there is one language that is the most difficult language in the world. G. So the question of how hard a language is to learn is only relevant when learning a second language. 第Ⅱ卷 注意:将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第四部分写作(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题；每小题 I 分，满分 10 分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文. 文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修 改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(︿)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 When I was young, I didn’t know what friendship. When I stayed with my friends, a warm feeling came out of the bottom from my heart. Now I have grown up and get many friends. And I have tasted the pleased feeling of friendship. When I am happy, they are also happy and share the happy with me. When I make progress, they will be more exciting than I. Therefore, when I’m in a difficult situation, they will offer help to me. But friendship is never an one-way ticket. If we want to get it, we must treat others good first. We should always be ready to help the others, especially when they are in difficult situations. 第二节书面表达(满分 25 分) 某英语报社开辟了中学生习作专栏。本期的话题是：注重日常学习、工作和生活中的 细节。因为细节往往决定成败。请你以“We Should Pay Much Attention to Details”为 题，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈自己的一些看法。 注意：1．词数 120 左右； 2．短文中不能出现本人相关信息。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 第一节 1．答案 A call for 意为“需要”；make up 意为“组成；打扮；编造”等；lie in 意为“在于”；stand for 意为“代表、支持”。根据句意应选 A。 2. A 考查动词词义辨析。promise 除了表示“允诺，答应”外，还可表示“有……的 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 10 希望”的意思；agree 意为“同意，赞同”；pretend 意为“假装”； decline 意为“减少， 衰退”。只有 promises 符合题意。句意为：这部新电影有望成为电影票房史上票房最高的 影片之一。 3. A 考查动词辨析。vary 意思是“(形状、大小等)相异，不同”，vary in quality 意思是“质量不一”。句意：虽然样本质量不一，但都是可以接受的。 4．C 考查动词辨析。charge 在此作动词用，是“索价”的意思。charge sb.some money to do sth/ for sth.“为(做)某事向某人要价”。 5. A 考查动词词组辨析。give away“赠送，泄露”；give off“发出，放出”；send out“发送，发出”；throw away“扔掉，浪费”。句意：他同情灾区人民，所以把他的衣 服和被子捐给了他们。根据语意，空白处应该用 give away。 6．C 本题考查时态。“我”不能来是因为那时候(今晚)“我”将正在就紧急的事面见 老板。所以用将来进行时。 7. B expect there to be 希望有······ 8.A． lie—lay—lain (躺) lay—laid—laid （下蛋，横放）句意：几天后他 回来发现他放的东西还在原地。 9．A 本题考查非谓语动词。require 所修饰的名词是 jobs，它们之间是逻辑上的主 谓关系，因此用现在分词形式作定语。 10．A get stuck 表示被动，是“被卡住，困住”的意思，此句意为：我被困在这个 艰难的局面中，不知该怎么办。 11．C 本题考查引导词。从结构看，accept 后面是宾语从句，whatever 既引导宾语从 句，也在从句中作定语修饰 help。 12．B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：春节期间我打算回家，但是如果买不到火车票， 我还有别的安排：参观博物馆。alternative 意为“可提供选择的，两者挑一的”，符合句 意。 13.C 此题考查情态动词表示推测的用法。对某一事实表示肯定的推测用 must，而 不是 can，而且推测的是过去的事情，应用 must have done 形式，因此选 C。 14．B from 后面是宾语从句。where 引导宾语从句，在句中相当于 the place where。 15. A look out for 意为“当心；提防；留心防备”；watch over 意为“看守；监 视”；put out 意为“(把火)扑灭”；light up 意为“点燃”。根据答语“没关系，我会很 小心的”可知，第一个说话者是提醒要小心点，所以用 look out。 第二节 著名艺术家 Sheikh 的一个朋友曾经是非常贫困的人，他卖掉家产想做一些小本生意。 但他在途中遇到一个死去丈夫的妇人带着饥饿的孩子，他把所有的钱都给了她。他的善心得 到了一个富人的信任，以低价借给他六千袋大米，让他去卖，不久他变得很富有。 16．D 由本空后面的“needy man”以及第二段第二句“…he had been so poor…” 可知他是穷人(poor)，故选 D 项。其余选项不合语境。 17．C 由此句的前半句“When Sheikh asked about him…”可知此处指 Sheikh 打听 的人，故选 C 项，ask about 意为“询问，打听”。 18．A 由后文可知，他去了那个朋友家，此处应该指他决定去拜访这位朋友，故选 A 项，decide 意为“决定”。B 项意为“忘记”；C 项意为“拒绝”；D 项意为“尽力”；均 不合语境。 19．D 根据前后句的逻辑关系可知这两句应该是同时进行的，故选 D 项，while 意为 “当……时候”。本句意为“当和朋友交谈时，Sheikh 问他……”。 20．B 由句意可知，Sheikh 是问他改变状况的“原因”，故选 B 项。A 项意为“信息”； C 项意为“时间”；D 项意为“计划”，均不合语境。 21．A 由下一句“By selling these things…”可知他把属于他的财产，像家具之类 的卖(sell)了，故选 A 项。 22．B A 项意为“节省”，B 项意为“筹集”，C 项意为“付款”，D 项意为“浪费”。 由句意可知，卖了家具之后筹集了一些钱，故 B 项合适，其余三项不合语境。 23．B 由常识可知，他卖了一些财产，应该是想做一些小本生意来改变状况，故选 B 项，start a business with 意为“开始做生意”。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 11 24．A 由前文可知他卖了财产，此时应该是带着钱(money)回家，故选 A 项，其余三项 不合语境。 25．A 由后一句提到的“…that her husband died and her children were…”可知 这个妇人丈夫死了，这种情况应该是在路边大哭(crying)，故选 A 项。 26．B 由此空前面的“The man asked the lady the reason…”可知他问她原因，这 个妇人应该是作出解释，故选 B 项，explain 意为“解释”。believe 意为“相信”；shout 意为“呼，喊”；imagine 意为“想象”。 27．A 由前文她在大哭，她的丈夫死了，及后文他给她钱可推知，她的孩子们应该在 挨饿，故选 A 项，hungry 意为“饥饿的”。dangerous 意为“危险的”；crazy 意为“疯狂 的”；angry 意为“生气的”。 28．D feel pity for 为固定搭配，意为“怜悯某人”。 29．B 由句意可知，他看到她比自己更需要(needed)钱，于是把所有的钱都给了她， 故选 B 项。take 意为“需要”时，通常用 it 作形式主语，指做某事要多少时间；own 意为 “拥有”；earn 意为“挣钱，获得”；均不合语境，故不能选。 30．B 由时间发展的顺序及后面的“spent the night sad”可知他应该是回到了家里， 故选 B 项，return 意为“返回”。drive 意为“开车”；leave 意为“离开”；stay 意为“停 留”；均不合语境，故不能选。 31．A 准备做生意的钱给了他人，回到家后应该是为自己一家的未来感到担心，故选 A 项，worried 意为“担心的”。pleased 意为“高兴的”；excited 意为“兴奋的”； frightened 意为“害怕的”。 32．B 此处指他受到一个富人的召唤，这一事情应该是“令人吃惊地”，故选 B 项， surprisingly 意为“令人吃惊地”。happily 意为“幸福地”；carelessly 意为“粗心地”； unluckily 意为“不幸地”。 33．A 由本段倒数第三句中的“sold the rice”可知这个富人有六千袋大米要出售， 故选 A 项。 34．A 由前文富人对他的信任，以及后文他把大米卖了变富了，可知这个富人应该是 低价把大米贷给他卖，故选 A 项，low 意为“低的”。fair 意为“中等的，公平的”；high 意为“高的”；right 意为“正确的”；均不合语境，故不能选。 35．B 由后文的“He took some more bags several days later…”可知几天后又多 带了几袋大米，可知他的大米卖得快(quickly)，故选 B 项。其余三项不合语境。 第二部分 A 36．B 细节理解题。根据第二段“Many societies believe the magic will not work unless the magician recites the spells perfectly.”可知，很多社会认为只要巫师正 确念咒语，巫术就会起作用。 37．A 细节理解题。联系第三段“Magic actions accompany the words spoken in performing much magic”可知，巫术的活动要伴随着语言，而这些语言又叫做咒语。 38．C 细节理解题。从第四段“Many tribes believe fetishes have magic power because spirits live in these objects.”可知，人们之所以相信物神，是因为他们觉得 有精神在里面。 39．D 细节理解题。从倒数第二段“In some societies, nearly everyone knows how to work some magic.”可以得出答案。 40．C 主旨大意题。全文讲述了如何实施巫术，这一点从第一段可以看出来。 B 41．B 主旨大意题。从第一段和第二段可知，文章的主要内容是通过让孩子学会开车， 通过测试拿到驾照让他们明白自己是成年人了。 42．B 推理判断题。从第六、七及第八段可推断选 B 项。 43．C 细节理解题。在第五段中讲到了买车的理由，如交通是否便利、家庭开支是否 允许等方面的原因，但没有提到交通条件方面的原因，故选 C。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 12 44．C 句意理解题。由前面的句子“But I'd rather be alive than driving(让我在 开车和活着之间作选择，我要活着)”可以看出，他对他的朋友们的驾驶技术很没有信心。 45．A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍在美国让孩子通过拿驾照意识到自 己已经可以为自己负责了。这体现了一种文化意识。故选 A。 C 46．A 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“…today's children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s”可知答案。 47．B 句意理解题。根据上下文可知，孩子们面临的社会现实问题无法淡忘。 48．D 推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知。 49．B 推理判断题。根据第五段“To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers.”可知。 50 ． C 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 四 段 “Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress.”可知。 D 51．D 推理判断题。题目问的是“大多数日本高中生经常在哪里吃午饭”。根据第二 段中“In most schools, students bring a box lunch from home…”可知“大多数学校 的学生的午饭是从家里带来的”，故排除 A、C 两项；再根据此句前面的“…at lunchtime, classrooms can be noisy, lively places.”可知“学生是在教室吃午饭的(午饭时教室很 吵闹)”。 52．A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Japanese students spend 240 days a year at school, 60 days more than American students.”可知，美国中学生一年上学的天数为 180 天。 53．C 词义猜测题。根据后半句…so the clubs are relatively stable 可知，rarely 意为“很少”，与 C 项(不常，很少)意思一致。 54．C 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，日本中学每班通常有 40 至 45 名学生，故 A 项 错误；根据第二段中的“Only for physical education，…do students move to different parts of the school”可知，学生体育课是不在教室上的，故 B 项错误；根据文章最后一 句可知，很多学校的俱乐部在假期期间正常活动，故 D 项错误；根据第三段最后一句“Given the number of required subjects, electives are few.”可知 C 项正确。 55．A 主旨大意题。根据第二、三段所涉及的内容(班级规模、在校吃午饭、上学天数、 科目等)可知，该部分主要讲学生在校情况，故 A 项正确。同时正好与第一部分“上学”和 最后一部分“课外活动”相承接。 【答案与解析】世界上哪门语言最难?其实，学习任何一门外语都是巨大的挑战。事物都是 相对的，没有哪门语言最难学。 1．G 根据前一句的内容可知学习一门语言的困难问题只是相对于学习第二语言而言的。 2．A 本段前半部分提到西班牙人觉得学习葡萄牙语比中国人学习葡萄牙语更加容易，因为 葡萄牙语和西班牙语相似，而汉语则大不相同。由此可知在这种情况下，第一语言会影响第 二语言的学习。 3.C 本段阐述的是影响语言学习以及学习进度的因素，说明为什么学习语言时有的人觉得容 易，而有的人觉得很难。 4．E 本段中提到英国人学习匈牙利语时的难度不在于书写而在于复杂的语法；而说匈牙利 语本族语的人可能觉得语法更加容易，却在艰难地学习英国人认为相对容易的语言。由此可 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 13 知来自不同文化背景的人会发现学习不同的语言更加有难度。 5．F 本段中提到没有一门语言很容易就可以把它学好，学习一门书写完全不同的语言是一 个巨大的挑战，但这并不意味着这门语言比另外一门语言更加难学，所以没有哪一门语言是 世界上最难的语言，由此可判断 F 项符合此处语境。 【解析】 1. friendship 后加 was。what friendship was 是宾语从句。 2. bottom 后的 from→ of。 the bottom of………的底部。 3. many 前的 get→ got。and 连接两个过去分词。 4. pleased→ pleasant。pleased 意思是“感到满意的”，而 pleasant 意思是“令 人满意的”。 5. the 后的 happy→ happiness。此处应为名词。 6. exciting →excited。excited 意思是“感到兴奋的”。 7. Therefore→ Instead。 此处表达转折。 8. one-way 前的 an→ a。one 是以辅音音素开头的单词。 9. first 前的 good→ well。副词作状语修饰 treat。 10. 去掉 others 前的 the。the others 指其余的人，others 指别人。 【思路点拨】 本文是一篇命题作文，属于议论文类。成文时要注意：1.提出论题 We Should Pay Much Attention to Details；2.分析问题：为什么我们应该注意细节；3.解决问题：我们应该怎 样做，发表自己的看法。 【参考范文】 We Should Pay Much Attention to Details Some people may think that one who wants to achieve great success shouldn’t pay much attention to details. But sometimes it is the details that determine our success, for they may be the very thing that has a great impact on what we’re doing. Since we have realized the importance of details, what should we do? First, we should form the habit of being careful, because a careful person will rarely overlook details. What’s more, we should learn to keep the balance of quantity and quality. We may find that when faced with lots of work, the faster we do it, the more mistakes we will make. Why? Because when we work at high speed, the only thing we care about is quantity in which case we are more likely to neglect the details. As far as I’m concerned, we should keep it in mind that quality comes first, without which quantity is of no significance. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 14