湖南省长郡中学2020届高三6月模拟考试（一）英语试题 Word版含解析 28页

- 1 - 长郡中学 2020 届高考模拟卷（一） 英语试题 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在 本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小題 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题•从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15，. 答案是 C. 1. What will the speakers buy for Emma’s birthday? A. A pet. B. A book. C. Some cakes. 2. When did the football match start? A. At 2:15. B. At 2:30, C. At 2:45. 3. Where are the two speakers? A. On a plane. B. In a shop. C. In a restaurant. 4. How did the man know Lisa had come back from the U. K.? A. He saw her. B. Peter told him. C. Lisa gave him a call. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A club. B. A theft. C. A cupboard. 第二节（共 15 小題；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 二个选项中 - 2 - 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题.每 小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. How much is the extra large tent per day? A. $10. B. $ 50. C. $ 60. 7. What do we know about the man? A. He’ll return the tent in a month. B. He will not get a discount. C. He’ll reserve a tent now. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. What does the man want the woman to do? A. Reply to his message quickly. B. Help him arrange a party. C. Buy some balloons. 9. When will the party begin? A. At noon. B. At around 3:00. C. At around 6:00. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. What are the speakers doing? A. Playing a puzzle game. B. Doing a job test. C. Having an interview. 11. What isn’t the woman good at? A. Focusing on most cases. B. Dealing with stress. C. Getting on well with others. 12. How does the woman feel about the result? A. Surprised. B. Disappointed. C. Worried. 听第 9 段材料.回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. What has the woman prepared for breakfast? - 3 - A. Juice, eggs and bacon. B. Noodles and fruit. C. Just coffee with no sugar. 14. What information is on the container? A. The low amount of fat. B. The amount of pure juice. C. The percentage of vitamin C. 15. How much sugar should women have per day? A. Twenty grams. B. Twenty-five grams. C. Forty grams. 16. What food might the man like best? A. Yogurt. B. Vegetables. C. Noodles and bread. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. What is the main purpose of the loud noises? A. To warn people outdoors to get inside. B. To get people’s attention inside their homes. C. To inform people without radios about danger. 18. Who decides to turn on the system? A. Local media. B. Local officials. C. The national weather service. 19. Where does the speaker advise people to go after hearing a warning? A. To a window. B. To a public shelter. C. To the inside of a building. 20. What is the main topic of the talk? A. A weather report. B. A warning system. C. The safety steps in bad weather. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节.满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） - 4 - A ♦ How It Feels to Float by Helena Fox If you’re looking for a moving story that explores themes of mental illness， grief, and love, pick up a copy of How It Feels to Float and follow Biz as she comes of age. This moving novel will stay with you long after you finish reading it. ♦ Two Can Keep a Secret by Karen M. McManus Put on your crime-solving cap and get swept away in this thriller about a girl, a boy, and a string of unsolved murders. As threats and hints pile up, you’ll be burning the midnight oil trying to finish the book before dawn. ♦ Forest of a Thousand Lanterns by Julie C. Dao The first book in the Rise of the Empress series takes the bones of a traditional fairy tale—a poor girl fated for power, an evil queen determined to stop her, love for someone who doesn’t love back . and magic— and gives them a richly imagined East Asian setting. ♦ Dune by Frank Herbert If the Star Wars movies have made you fall in love with the space opera, eventually you’re going to read, Dune Trilogy (沙丘三部曲), Frank Herbert’s most famous creation. The story of centuries-old political plotting—about warring factions battling over control of the extremely valuable planet Arrakis—is a classic and remains a wonderful introduction to the larger, more complex world of science fiction, the Dune Trilogy, just beyond the Star Wars trilogy. 1. What is How It Feels to Float mainly about? A. A girl’s space adventures. B. Challenges of growing up. C. The murder of a teenage girl. - 5 - D. An old women’s happy life. 2. What kind of book is Two Can Keep a Secret ? A. A fairy tale. B. A love story. C. A mystery story. D. A science-fiction story. 3. What do Forest of a Thousand Lanterns and Dune have in common? A. Both are one of a book series. B. Both have an authentic setting. C. Both have been adapted to movies. D. Both involve seeking magic power. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇应用文。文章推荐了四本书，介绍了书的主要内容。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一部分“If you’re looking for a moving story that explores themes of mental illness, grief, and love, pick up a copy of How It Feels to Float and follow Biz as she comes of age.”如果你在寻找一个以精神疾病、悲伤和爱为主题的感人故事， 那就买一本《How It Feels to Float》，跟随 Biz 长大，可知，《How It Feels to Float》 主要讲述了成长所面临的挑战。故选 B 项。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二部分“Put on your crime-solving cap and get swept away in this thriller about a girl, a boy, and a string of unsolved murders.”戴上你破案的帽子， 侦破关于一个女孩，一个男孩和一系列未侦破的谋杀案。可知，《Two Can Keep a Secret》 是一部惊险的破案小说，讲述的是一连串悬案。故选 C 项。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。Forest of a Thousand Lanterns 中“The first book in the Rise of the Empress series”《女皇的崛起》系列的第一部，和 Dune 中“If the Star Wars movies have made you fall in love with the space opera, eventually you’re going to read, Dune Trilogy - 6 - (沙丘三部曲), Frank Herbert’s most famous creation.”如果《星球大战》电影让你爱 上太空歌剧，最终你会读沙丘三部曲弗兰克·赫伯特最著名的创造。可知，两部作品都是一 系列作品中的其中一部作品。故选 A 项。 【点睛】细节理解题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解，同学们若能根据题干内容从 原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。多数情况下，作者不会 明确的呈现一个事实，读者需要根据已有的信息进行处理，读出言外之意。还要特别注意文 章的时间顺序、故事发生的地点、情节的发展和人物之间的关系。例如，第 2 题文章中“Put on your crime-solving cap and get swept away in this thriller about a girl, a boy, and a string of unsolved murders.”戴上你破案的帽子，侦破关于一个女孩，一个男孩和 一系列未侦破的谋杀案。可知，《Two Can Keep a Secret》是一部惊险的破案小说，讲述的 是一连串悬案。故选 C 项。 B Ralph Waldo Emerson once quoted that “Nothing great can ever be achieved without enthusiasm.” I have a lot of enthusiasm. This is Northlandz in Flemington, New Jersey. Northlandz is the world’s largest model railroad. Well I guess, you know, everybody has a passion for something, my thing was trains. I had trains around the Christmas tree as a kid. Wherever I lived I was planning track plans and then over 18 years I added five basements onto the house. And from that I got fairly good at making mountains and bridges and design work and we decided to give it to the world so we tore it all down, bought this land and built Northlandz. Any given day we run between 85 and 90 trains. Here are some of the details in Northlandz inside—about 40,000 feet of track, and about 4,000 buildings over 400 bridges. Many of the mountains in here are three and a half stories high. Most things in here are scratch built. Underneath the entire superstructure there’s enough lumber to build about 42 large houses. It takes a few hours to go through for the average person to see everything. We went millions into debt to build this place. Everybody thought we were nuts. The only one that believed in what I wanted to do was my wife and she was totally with me on this big time. It’s an artistic effort. It’s a gift to the world of what I can do and it makes a lot of people happy. - 7 - 4. In Para. 1 the quote of Ralph Waldo Emerson is used to . A. show that the author is as outstanding as Ralph Waldo Emerson B. illustrate the author’s passion for the creation of Northlandz C. draw readers’ interest in the model railroad called Northlandz D. explain why the author is successful in his career 5. What can be inferred from Para. 2? A. The author could drive trains around as a kid. B. The author decided to donate the house to the world. C. When he was 18. the author built five basements of the house. D. The author’s hobby since childhood inspired his building Northlandz. 6. What can we learn about Northlandz? A. It is the largest real railroad throughout the world. B. There run 85 trains on the 40,000 feet of track every day. C. People have to spend much time appreciating every detail of it. D. Many mountains in it are so high as to reach three and a half meters. 7. What did people think of the author’s devotion to building the place? A. Crazy and skeptical. B. Artistic and admirable. C. Ambitious and pleasant. D. Frustrating and unbelievable. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者建立世界上最大的铁路模型 Northlandz 的故事。 【4 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Ralph Waldo Emerson once quoted that “Nothing great can ever be achieved without enthusiasm.” I have a lot of enthusiasm. This is Northlandz in Flemington, New Jersey. Northlandz is the world’s largest model railroad ”可知， 拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生曾经引用过这样一句话:“没有热情就不会有任何伟大的成 就。”“我也有很大的热情。这就是新泽西州弗莱明顿的 Northlandz。Northlandz 是世界上 最大的铁路模型。由此判断出该段作者引用爱默生的话是想说明他对火车的热情和对创建 - 8 - Northlandz 的热情。故选 B。 【5 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段 I had trains around the Christmas tree as a kid. Wherever I lived I was planning track plans and then over 18 years I added five basements onto the house.可知，当我还是个孩子的时候，我接围着圣诞树坐火车转。无论我住在哪里，我 都在规划轨道规划，然后用了 18 年的时间，我在房子上加了 5 个地下室。由此判断出作者从 小对火车的喜爱是他创建 Northlandz 的灵感来源。故选 D。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。从第三段“It takes a few hours to go through for the average person to see everything.”可知，要参观到每个细节，一般要花上好几个小时。所以人们要花很多时 间来欣赏它的每一个细节。故选 C。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。从最后一段“Everybody thought we were nuts. The only one that believed in what I wanted to do was my wife”可知，每个人都认为我疯了，只有我的妻子信任我。 由此判断出，人们对作者致力于建造这个地方的看法是疯狂和怀疑。故选 A. C Juili Kale was looking forward to receiving her master's degree at Arizona State University. She planned to invite her family living in India to the United States for her graduation ceremony. But then, in March, the coronavirus pandemic ended those plans as schools nationwide closed to stop the spread. Kale's dream of spending time with family members on her big day came crashing down. Yet the graduation ceremony is taking place—just not as she expected. University officials have turned to robots so Arizona State graduates and their families can take part in the event online. Cameras recorded images of Kale and about 140 other graduates online this month. They were wearing robes and mortar board caps. They took turns moving a robot at the university that held an eye-level display showing their face. With the help of the robot, they stepped forward to receive their diplomas and take pictures. The robots are from Double Robotics, a company based in Burlingame, California. Before the health crisis, they had been used to help people attend funerals and even marriage ceremonies without traveling. - 9 - Sanjeev Khagram is dean of Arizona State's Thunderbird School of Global Management. He said that the video- a ''bittersweet'' experience—was recorded and produced over two days. It may not have been ideal for the students. Khagram admitted. '' But, we want to show that we did everything that we could to celebrate them. When the crisis is over, the class of 2020 can do a real-life walk at any future graduation ceremony they choose. '' Kale planned to throw a ''watch party'' with her husband at home and her family in India. Getting used to the online experience was easy for Nancy Sierras Morales. ''We have been able to adapt very quickly because we are used to being on a computer and on the phone almost like 24/7, '' the 22-year-old said. She said that, while it is not the best, it is ''coolto be like the first class ever to do this''. ''I'm disappointed.'' said 41-year-old Douglas Northcott. He is graduating with a master's degree in applied leadership and management. He called the online event with robots ''creative''. But he looked forward to the real thing. ''And if anything, that makes it better , in that it is spread over two times rather than one. '' 8. What had the robots mainly been used for before the graduation ceremony? A. Saving travelling for people to attend ceremonies like weddings. B. Hosting all kinds of ceremonies for people unable to travel. C. Helping professors with their teaching plans in universities. D. Amusing people during their travelling to funerals. 9. According to the text, ________ made a fast adjustment to the new situation. A. Juili Kale B. Sanjeev Khagram C. Nancy Sierras Morales D. Douglas Northcott 10. According to Sanjeev Khagram, to have a real graduation ceremony, the 2020 graduates can ________. A. throw an online ''watch party'' B. attend any future graduation ceremony C. hold another real one by themselves D. do everything they can to celebrate - 10 - 11. What is the best title for the text? A. A disappointing graduation ceremony B. A graduation ceremony with the help of robots C. A multifunctional robot from Double Robotics D. A special experience of students in the health crisis 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. B 【解析】 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了在新型冠状病毒肆虐的 2020 年，一些学生将在机器人的 帮助下参加在线毕业典礼。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的 they had been used to help people attend funerals and even marriage ceremonies without traveling 可知，这些机器人在疫情肆虐之前曾被用来给那些 需要参加婚礼或葬礼的人来使用的，不需要亲自到场，以免人们舟车劳顿。A. Saving travelling for people to attend ceremonies like weddings.(为人们参加像婚礼这样的 仪式节省旅途)符合以上说法，故选 A 项。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段的 Getting used to the online experience was easy for Nancy Sierras Morales. We have been able to adapt very quickly(对于 Nancy Sierras Morales 来说适应在线经历非常容易。我们已经快速适应了)可知 Nancy Sierras Morales 对新形势适 应得很快。C. Nancy Sierras Morales 符合以上说法，故选 C 项。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的 When the crisis is over, the class of 2020 can do a real-life walk at any future graduation ceremony they choose.可知当疫情结束后，2020 年这一届 的毕业生可以选择在将来任何一场毕业典礼上亲临现场，重新进行一次真实的体验。B. attend any future graduation ceremony(参加将来任何一场毕业典礼)符合以上说法，故选 B 项。 【11 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内，尤其是第二段的 University officials have turned to robots so Arizona State graduates and their families can take part in the event online.(亚利桑那州立大学的官员们已经转向机器人，这样亚利桑那州立大学的毕业生和他 们的家人就可以在线参加这场活动)可知，本文主要讲述美国大学将在机器人的帮助下在线参 - 11 - 加 2020 毕业典礼。B. A graduation ceremony with the help of robots(在机器人帮助下 进行的毕业典礼)可以作为本文标题，故选 B 项。 D A man in northwest Spain, 54, died after being stung by a “ murder hornet (大 黄蜂)”, according to a report. The man from Villestro in Galicia was stung in the eyebrow by an Asian giant hornet while tending to a nest close to a beehive he owned. The deadly insects from Asia were first spotted last weekend in Washington State. Such reports have caused a national panic that may lead to more “needless” damage to those essential insect populations, the experts warned. “Millions and millions of innocent native insects are going to die as a result of this,” Dr. Doug Yanega, a professor at the University of California, Riverside, told the Los Angeles Times. “People in China, Korea and Japan have lived side by side with these hornets for hundreds of years and it has not caused the collapse of human society there. My colleagues in Japan, China and Korea are just rolling their eyes in disbelief at what kind of snowflakes we are.” Following the initial hornet sightings on May 2, the Washington State Department of Agriculture issued instructions on how to trap the hornets, stressing that so far, the hornets have been sighted only within the state. “There are no known sightings of Asian giant hornets anywhere else in the United States and trapping for them there will likely do more harm than good. PLEASE DO NOT TRAP FOR ASIAN GIANT HORNETS IF YOU LIVE OUTSIDE OF WASHINGTON STATE,” the warning read. The concern for bees has originated from their role in the general ecosystem: Bees are responsible for pollinating (授粉) approximately 75 percent of the fruits, nuts and vegetables grown in the United States, according to the U. S. Geological Numerous bug experts said that what they call “murder hornet” reminds them of the 1970s public when Africanized honeybees, nicknamed “killer bees”, started moving north from South America. However, they just kill people in rare situations. 12. What does the underlined word “snowflakes” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. People favoring cold weather. B. People with a habit of rolling eyes. - 12 - C. Someone easily getting mad or offended. D. Small pieces of frozen water falling from the sky. 13. Why does trapping hornets do more harm than good? A. Because these insects seldom kill people. B. Because insects do harm to the general ecosystem. C. Because they are seen only in Washington state. D. Because most plants in America depend on bees to grow. 14. What is the purpose of writing the text? A. To teach the public ways to trap hornets. B. To warn the public to stay away from hornets. C. To appeal to people to live in harmony with hornets. D. To remind people of the past killing cases by hornets. 15. Where is the text most likely from? A. An essay. B. A news report. C. A tourist brochure. D. A geography textbook. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. B 【解析】 这是一篇新闻报道。报道称西班牙出现大黄蜂蜇人致死的新闻，而美国人却会对此作出过激 反应，试图捕杀蜜蜂，文章在此基础上讲述蜜蜂在生态系统中的重要性，劝说人们不要捕杀 大黄蜂。 【12 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第一段划线词前一句“People in China, Korea and Japan have lived side by side with these hornets for hundreds of years, and it has not caused the collapse of human society there.”可知，数百年来，亚洲国家的人们一直与这些大黄蜂生活在一起， 却并没有导致那里社会的崩溃，而美国人对此的反应则有些过激，作者在亚洲的同事不敢相 信我们为什么如此敏感和反应过激。根据上下文语境可以判断出，划线词的意思是“容易生 气或感到被冒犯的人”，故选 C 项。 【13 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“The concern for bees has originated from their role in the general ecosystem: Bees are responsible for pollinating (授粉) approximately 75 - 13 - percent of the fruits, nuts and vegetables grown in the United States”可知，蜜蜂 要为美国种植的大约 75%的水果、坚果和蔬菜授粉，在生态系统中扮演着重要角色，由此判断 出为什么诱捕黄蜂弊大于利是因为美国的绝大多数作物需要依赖蜜蜂成长。故选 D 项。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。总览全文可知，文章第一段用新闻报道指出美国人可能会对偶发的蜜蜂蜇人致 死事件反应过激，从而去捕杀当地大黄蜂种群，第二段指明捕杀蜜蜂可能会对生态系统造成 影响。由此判断出写这篇文章的目的是呼吁人们与大黄蜂和谐相处。故选 C 项。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“A man in northwest Spain, 54, died after being stung by a “ murder hornet (大黄蜂)”, according to a report.”据报道，西班牙西北部一 名 54 岁的男子被一只“大黄蜂”蜇死。可知，文章在开头首先点出新闻事件，然后对此作出 相关引申和点评，是典型的新闻报道格式。由此判断出。短文来自新闻报道。故选 B 项。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） It is amusing that yogurt, which was invented to make milk last longer before the days of refrigeration, now makes grocery shopping last longer. Full-fat, or nonfat? Greek, or regular? ____16____ A key recommendation when it comes to fat is to choose low-fat or fat-free yogurt. That's because dairy fat is mostly saturated (饱和的), the type linked with increased risk of heart disease. Besides, full-fat dairy has more calories than nonfat. This view, however, has been challenged by a few recent studies. Researchers think that full-fat dairy might offer some as-yet-unknown health benefits. It might also help with weight management because the fat in it makes it more satisfying, helping keep our appetite in check. ____17____ Until there are further findings, it might be wiser to choose low-fat or fat-free yogurt and add healthy fat by topping it with nuts. ____18____ Many of them also have a hard time deciding whether to buy Greek yogurt or regular yogurt. Greek yogurt, which was rare about a decade ago, dominates the store shelves with dozens of flavors today. It has become popular partly because it features a thick, creamy texture (口感) and contains more protein and less sugar than regular yogurt. - 14 - Greek yogurt has these qualities because of its unique liquid-removing process. Unfortunately, lots of nutrients, including calcium (钙), are sometimes drained, too. Therefore, thickened yogurt and regular yogurt offer different nutritional benefits. ____19____ Finally, it is worth mentioning that it's the added sugar, not the naturally- occurring sugar (which is removed in Greek yogurt), that should be the cause of our concern. Fruit-flavored yogurts that appear to be healthy may have little actual fruit and plenty of added sugar instead. ____20____ A. Consumers, however. are not confused only about fat. B. Mixing them up and enjoying both might be a good idea. C. With so many conflicting headlines about fat these days, it's no wonder people are confused when buying dairy products. D. Our best bet might be to buy plain yogurt and sweeten it ourselves using fresh fruit. E. There are so many choices that we often find it hard to decide which yogurt to buy. F. They're naturally ''packaged'' with so many important nutrients that it would be misguided to avoid them. G. Yet more research needs to be done for us to fully understand dairy fat’s health impact . 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. A 19. B 20. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如今酸奶种类的多样性，以及如何选择酸奶的种类。 【16 题详解】 上文 Full-fat, or nonfat? Greek, or regular?(全脂的，还是脱脂的？希腊的还是普通的？) 与 E. There are so many choices that we often find it hard to decide which yogurt to buy.(有如此多的选择以至于我们很难决定买哪一种酸奶)承接自然，因为酸奶有很多种类， 所以选择起来很困难，故选 E 项。 【17 题详解】 下文 Until there are further findings, it might be wiser to choose low-fat or fat-free - 15 - yogurt and add healthy fat by topping it with nuts.(在有更进一步的发现之前，选择 低脂或者脱脂酸奶并在上面加上坚果可能是更明智的选择)与 G. Yet more research needs to be done for us to fully understand dairy fat’s health impact.(然而，对于我们来说 要完全明白乳制品脂肪对健康的影响，还需要更多的研究)承接自然，research 和 finding 是 关键词，故选 G 项。 【18 题详解】 下文 Many of them also have a hard time deciding whether to buy Greek yogurt or regular yogurt.(他们中很多人也发现决定买希腊酸奶还是普通酸奶很困难)与 A. Consumers, however, are not confused only about fat.(然而，消费者不仅对脂肪感到困惑)承接自然， 上下文是明显的递进关系，not only…but also…“不但……而且……”是固定搭配，故选 A 项。 【19 题详解】 上文 Therefore, thickened yogurt and regular yogurt offer different nutritional benefits. (因此，增稠酸奶和普通酸奶提供不同的营养物质)与 B. Mixing them up and enjoying both might be a good idea.(把他们混合起来，两者一起享受可能是个好主意)承 接自然，下文的 both 就是指 thickened yogurt and regular yogurt，故选 B 项。 【20 题详解】 上文 Fruit-flavored yogurts that appear to be healthy may have little actual fruit and plenty of added sugar instead.(看似健康的水果味酸奶实际上可能含有很少的水果， 反而添加了大量的糖)与 D. Our best bet might be to buy plain yogurt and sweeten it ourselves using fresh fruit.(最好的选择可能是购买原味的酸奶，然后自己用水果调味) 承接自然，选项是解决上文提到问题的方法，故选 D 项。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分 30 分） It is 5 am and it’s too dark to see the fields of volcanic rock and trees on either side of the highway. But over the lights of my car, I get a taste of the ____21____ I’m really here for, as a few stars pierce（穿透）the inky ____22____ sky. Today our relationship to the universe is largely connected by ____23____, such as telescopes and NASA assignments. But for thousands of years, humans could - 16 - ____24____ look up on a clear night to be ____25____ at the bright spots that stretched directly over them. But over time, we’ve ____26____ ourselves from our sky, building a covering of artificial light between ourselves and the dark depth of space. Our ____27____ , neon signs (霓虹灯), and other electric lights are increasingly flooding the night sky and ____28____ the stars. ____29____, about one third of the world’s population cannot see the Milky Way from where they live. And some can’t even recognize it. The sense of wonder for the night sky ______30______, and that means something vital to humanity is lost as well. That’s why I’ve dragged myself out of bed hours before ______31______. Like 99 percent of Americans, I live with ______32______ pollution and I’ve never seen a truly night sky. So I’m here to ______33______ my first glance. As I ______34______ out of the car, I ______35______ raise my face up towards the sky, worrying whether I can make it. There it is, ______36______ across the sky as far as I can see. The Milky Way is so vivid that my eyes don’t even have to ______37______ the dark to see it. I expect to feel the ______38______ of the sky, perhaps as though I’m falling into a bottomless hole. Instead, the blanket of stars above me is so thick that it is hard to ______39______. In black and white, the whole scene feels surreal. As I get back in the car, I pass a ______40______ that says “Never Stop Looking Up”. 21. A. view B. issue C. event D. cause 22. A. bright B. black C. blue D. dirty 23. A. emotion B. survey C. imagination D. technology 24. A. completely B. hardly C. simply D. rarely 25. A. depressed B. frightened C. confused D. amazed 26. A. excused B. distanced C. freed D. defended 27. A. shops B. decorations C. streetlights D. buildings 28. A. covering B. beating C. unlocking D. - 17 - reflecting 29. A. However B. Instead C. Therefore D. Meanwhile 30. A. increases B. disappears C. struggles D. pours 31. A. sunrise B. dark C. sunset D. dusk 32. A. noise B. air C. waste D. light 33. A. turn out B. search for C. apply for D. figure out 34. A. step B. look C. wonder D. think 35. A. formally B. confidently C. nervously D. casually 36. A. putting B. walking C. cutting D. stretching 37. A. adjust to B. turn to C. depend on D. throw away 38. A. length B. width C. depth D. strength 39. A. test B. weigh C. catch D. measure 40. A. note B. sign C. letter D. signal 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。曾经，繁星成就了夜空，但随着城市发展和科技进步，夜空更亮了，繁星 都不见了——本文作者就是在这样的背景下，到户外来寻找那一片繁星。短文叙述了作者看 星星的过程以及所感、所想。 【21 题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：但是通过车灯的光线，我能欣赏到我到这里真正想要的景色。A. view 景色；B. issue 问题；C. event 事件；D. cause 原因。根据“it’s too dark to see the fields of volcanic rock and trees”可知，作者来这里是来寻找繁星的美景的，故选 A。 【22 题详解】 考查形容词辨析。句意：几颗星星穿透了漆黑的夜空。A. bright 明亮的；B. black 黑色的； - 18 - C. blue 蓝色的；D. dirty 脏的。通过前面的 inky(漆黑的)以及整句几颗星星穿透可知应该 是“黑色的”天空，故选 B。 【23 题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：现在我们和宇宙的关系大都通过技术连接，比如望远镜和美国宇航局 任务。A. emotion 情绪；B. survey 调查；C. imagination 想象；D. technology 技术。从 后面的 telescopes 和 NASA assignments 可知是通过“科技”将人类和宇宙联系起来，故选 D。 【24 题详解】 考查副词辨析。句意：但是几千年来，人类仅仅抬个头就能惊讶于眼前闪亮的星星布满他们 头顶的星空。A. completely 完全地；B. hardly 几乎不；C. simply 简单地，仅仅；D.rarely 很少。根据 However 可知，前后形成转折和对比，前文提到现在人们观察天空需要通过各种 科技，但是几千年以前，不需要各种科技，人类仅仅(simply)抬个头就能惊讶于(amazed)眼 前闪亮的星星布满他们头顶的星空。故选 C。 【25 题详解】 考查形容词辨析。句意：但是几千年来，人类仅仅抬个头就能惊讶于眼前闪亮的星星布满他 们头顶的星空。A. depressed 压抑的；B. frightened 害怕的； C. confused 疑惑的；D. amazed 惊奇的。前文讲不管是现在还是过去，人们都在观察星空，所以对星空的感情色彩是积极的。 个头就能惊讶于眼前闪亮的星星布满他们头顶的星空。故选 D。 【26 题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：但是长久以来，我们在自己和黑暗的太空深处之间建立了人造光纤的 覆盖物，将自己和天空拉开距离。A. excused 原谅；B. distanced 拉开距离；C. freed 释放， 使摆脱；D. defended 防御。人和太空之间隔着人造纤维的覆盖物，所以两者之间的距离的被 拉开了。故选 B。 【27 题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：我们的街灯、霓虹灯和其他电光源越来越淹没夜空。A. shops 商店；B. decorations 装饰物；C. streetlights 街灯；D. buildings 建筑。从霓虹灯(neon signs)， 和其他的电光源(other electric lights)可以推断第七题所填的为 electric lights 中的一 种，即 streetlights。故选 C。 【28 题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：我们的街灯、霓虹灯和其他电光源越来越淹没夜空、遮盖了星星。A. covering 覆盖；B. beating 打败；C. unlocking 打开；D. reflecting 反射，反映。由 and - 19 - 并列连词可知，第八题处的单词和 flood 词义相近，所以是遮盖了星星，故选 A。 【29 题详解】 考查副词辨析。句意：因此，世界上三分之一的人从他们居住的地方无法看到银河。A. However 但是； B. Instead 反而； C. Therefore 因此； D. Meanwhile 与此同时。前文说“我们的 街灯、霓虹灯和其他电光源越来越淹没夜空、遮盖了星星”，因此人们无法看到银河的原因， 故选 C。 【30 题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：对夜空的求知欲消失了，这也意味着某个对人性很重要的东西丢失了。 A. increases 增加；B. disappears 消失；C. struggles 挣扎；D. pours 倾倒。根据并列连 词 and 和 as well（也）可知，第十题处的单词和 is lost 词义相近或相同，故选 B。 【31 题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：这就是为什么我在日出之前几个小时把自己从床上拖出来。A. sunrise 日出；B. dark 黑暗；C. sunset 日落；D. dusk 黄昏。根据前文可知作者是在看夜空，所以 应该是在日出之前从床上爬起来开车到了这里，故选 A。 【32 题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：就像百分之九十九的美国人一样，我生活在光污染里，从来都没有看 到过真正的夜空。A. noise 噪音；B. air 空气；C. waste 垃圾；D. light 光。根据“I’ve never seen a truly night sky”和前文可知，看不到真正的夜空是因为电光源覆盖了星星， 属于光污染，故选 D。 【33 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我来这里寻找我的第一次惊鸿一瞥。A. turn out 结果是，证 明是； B. search for 寻找；C. apply for 申请；D. figure out 弄清楚。前文提到作者从 未看到过真正的夜空，半夜起床来这里是为了看真正的夜空，所以是寻找第一次和夜空的遇 见，故选 B。 【34 题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：当我从车里出来的时候，我紧张地抬头看向天空，担心我是否能看到 星星。A. step 迈步；B. look 看；C. wonder 想知道；D. think 认为，思考。后文“As I get back in the car”意为“当我回到车里的时候”，可知我一开始是从车里出去的，故选 A。 【35 题详解】 考查副词辨析。句意：当我从车里出来的时候，我紧张地抬头看向天空，担心我是否能看到 - 20 - 星星。A. formally 正式地；B. confidently 自信地；C. nervously 紧张地；D. casually 随意地。根据伴随状语 worrying（担心）可知，作者很紧张，故选 C。 【36 题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：星空就在那里，横跨了我能看到的天空。A. putting 放置；B.walking 散步；C. cutting 削减；D. stretching 延申。根据“as far as I can see”可知，星空是 遍布了我能看到的天空，stretch across 意为“横跨”，切题，故选 D。 【37 题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：银河如此地生动以至于我的眼睛甚至不必适应黑暗去看它。A. adjust to 适应；B. turn to 求助于，转向； C. depend on 依赖；D. throw away 扔掉。 根据常识可知，如果星光黯淡，人需要适应黑暗去观察星星，但是如果星星很亮就不需要适 应黑暗去看它。故选 A。 【38 题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：我想要感受星空的深度，似乎正在掉进无底洞中。A. length 长度；B. width 宽度；C. depth 深度；D. strength 力量。根据 a bottomless hole 可知，这里强调的 是深度，故选 C。 【39 题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：然而，我上方的大片星星是如此的稠密以至于很难测量。A. test 测试； B. weigh 称重；C. catch 抓住；D. measure 测量。前文提到作者想要感受星空的深度，所以 这里对应的是“测量”，故选 D。 【40 题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：当我回到车里的时候，我经过了一个标牌，上面说：“永远不要停止 仰望”。A. note 笔记；B. sign 标牌；C. letter 信件；D. signal 信号。“Never Stop Looking Up”属于标牌上的标语，故选 B。 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） A drop in tourism during the coronavirus crisis is making it more difficult for some organizations to protect ____41____ (threaten) wildlife in Africa. Wildlife ____42____ (official) fear poaching (偷猎) activity will rise because the collapse of the travel industry leaves less money for guarding animals. African rhinos have long been ____43____ threat from poachers who kill them for their horns. The illegal trade is fueled by the belief, in some cultures, ____44____ - 21 - the horns have medicinal value which has not been proven by science. The number of black rhinos in Africa ____45____ (increase) slowly. But a report in March by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) said it still considered the animals “critically endangered”. In part, it credits the comeback of the rhinos to effective law enforcement. ____46____, the enforcement measures are very costly. The organization spends about $10,000 each year for every rhino to pay for the protection. The IUCN expects to lose $3 to $ 4 million this year and the ____47____ (lose) severely limits the group’s ability ____48____ (protect) the rhinos. Wildlife activists across Africa are now waiting to see how poachers will react to the current situation, and whether more rare wildlife ____49____ (kill). The IUCN said the population of black rhinos grew at a _______50_______ (year) rate of 2.5 percent between 2012 and 2018. Now, there are more than 5,600 animals. That growth was predicted to continue over the next five years, the environmental group said. 【答案】41. threatened 42. officials 43. under 44. that 45. is increasing/ has been increasing/has increased 46. However 47. loss 48. to protect 49. will be killed/ is to be killed 50. yearly 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明，新冠疫情的爆发导致经费紧张，使得野生动物的保护工作 更加困难重重。 【41 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：新冠疫情使得旅游业衰退，一些保护野生动物组织遭遇困难重重。 threaten 和 wildlife 是逻辑动宾关系，应使用过去分词作定语，表被动，意为“受到威胁的”。 - 22 - 故填 threatened。 【42 题详解】 考查名词。句意：保护野生动物的官员担心偷猎行为会攀升。此处指“保护野生动物的官员”， fear 是谓语动词，使用了动词原形，主语应是复数形式。故填 officials。 【43 题详解】 考查介词。句意：非洲犀牛长久以来遭受威胁，捕猎者猎杀它们来获取犀牛角。be under threat 是固定搭配， 意为“在威胁之下，遭受威胁”。故填 under。 【44 题详解】 考查同位语从句。句意：在一些文化中人们认为犀牛角有药用价值，这一观念助长了非法交 易。the horns have medicinal value which has not been proven by science 是在介绍说 明 belief 的具体内容，与前面 belief 是同位语关系；从句句意齐全，应使用只起连接作用、 无实意的 that 引导。故填 that。 【45 题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：非洲黑犀牛的数量增长缓慢。increase 这个动词是延续性动词，由句 意可知，数量正在缓慢增长并且可能延续下去，可以用现在进行时表将来的趋势。另外也可 以理解为 increase 这个动作从过去开始发生持续到现在并会延续下去，可以用现在完成时或 者现在完成进行时。故填 is increasing/has been increasing/has increased。 【46 题详解】 考查副词。句意：犀牛的回归部分归功于有效的执法。但是，执法措施的花费很大。前一句 说执法是 effective(有效的)，后面又说是 costly(昂贵的)，前后形成反差，且有逗号和主 句隔开，应使用转折副词 however。故填 however。 【47 题详解】 考查名词。句意：IUCN 今年预计会损失三百万到四百万美元，而这一损失会严重削弱他们保 护犀牛的能力。limits 是谓语动词，空格前是定冠词 the，因此空格处缺句子主语，应使用 名词形式。故填 loss。 【48 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：而这一损失会严重削弱他们保护犀牛的能力。此处是固定搭配：the ability to do sth.“有能力去做某事”。故填 to protect。 【49 题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：整个非洲的野生动物保护者都在观望，看猎捕者就如今的局势 - 23 - 会作何回应，他们是否会杀害更多的珍稀野生动物。此处与 how poachers will react to the current situation 为并列关系，也应使用一般将来时；kill 与 wildlife 之间是被动关系， 应使用一般将来时的被动语态。故填 will be killed/is to be killed。 【50 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：据 IUCN 报道，2012 年至 2018 年间，黑犀牛的数量以每年 2.5% 的速率 在增长。此处修饰 rate，应使用形容词，表示“每年的速率”。故填 yearly。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 51.文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修 改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧ ），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉° 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分. Recently, my class has participated an activity organized by our school for Earth Day. We felt this our duty to arouse people’s awareness of protecting our earth. First, we make some handcrafts with some plastic bottles and that waste paper. Then, we held a exhibition in a community and gave them up to visitors. What inspired us more was their love and praise to our handcrafts. At last, at that shared meeting, our monitor gave a speech. But he said that only if each of us took measure to protect our earth could we make a better earth. 【答案】1. participated 后加 in 2. this→ it 3. make→ made 4. 去掉 that 5. a→ an 6. up→ away/out 或去掉 up - 24 - 7. more→ most 8. shared→ sharing 9. But→ And 10. measure→ measures 【解析】 【分析】 本文是说明文。介绍了作者所在班级为地球日举办的活动及效果。 【详解】1.考查介词。participate 是不及物动词，此处表示参加某种活动，后加 in 再加宾 语 an activity。故 participated 后加 in。 2.考查代词。分析句子结构可知，it 是形式宾语，不定式 to arouse people’s awareness 作真正宾语。故 this 改为 it。 3.考查动词时态。本文讲述过去发生的事，与下文 held 一致可知用一般过去时。故 make 改 为 made。 4.考查并列成分。and 连接并列成分 plastic bottles 和 waste paper，此处泛指“废纸”不 用 that 特指。故去掉 that。 5.考查冠词。此处指我们举办了一个展览，exhibition 是以元音因素开头的名词，表示“一 个”用冠词 an。故 a 改为 an。 6.考查固定短语。give up 放弃，此处指我们把这些手工艺品分发/送给参观者。give away 分发，赠送，give out 分发，give 送给，都可以表达此意。故 up 改为 away/out 或去掉 up。 7.考查副词最高级。句意：最鼓舞我们的是他们对我们手工艺品的热爱和赞美。根据句意可 知，用 most 表示最高级。故 more 改为 most。 8.考查非谓语动词。表示“共享大会”是 sharing meeting，sharing 是动名词做定语。故 shared 改为 sharing。 9.考查连词。gave a speech 和 said 是并列关系，不是转折。故 But 改为 And。 10.考查名词复数。“采取措施”是固定短语 take measures，measure 用复数形式。故 measure 改为 measures。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 52.假定你是李华，你班外教 Ms. Cindy 任教期满即将回国。作为班长，你将代表班级 在告 别会上发言致谢,并赠送带有中国文化特色的礼物。内容包括： 1. 感激之情； - 25 - 2. 礼物寓意； 3. 美好祝愿。 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Hi, everybody On this special occasion, I feel much honored to represent the class to express our sincere gratitude to Ms. Cindy for her excellent work. Thanks to Ms. Cindy’s generous help as well as her great devotion and efforts, we’ve become more interested and done better in English, which will be of great importance to our further study. Ms. Cindy, here’s a pen container, a souvenir that we’ve specially prepared for you. Hopefully you’ll like it. This pen container is made of bamboo, which is evergreen and hollow inside and in Chinese culture it’s a symbol of being young and modest. What makes it special is that we’ve all signed on it, making it a good reminder of the happy time we spent together. Now, I’d also like to wish you a pleasant journey home! Thank you very much! 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇致谢演讲，表达对 Ms. Cindy 的感激和祝愿。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。 要求： - 26 - 1.表达感谢之情 2.赠送礼物 1）介绍礼物 2）礼物的特殊之处以及其表达的寓意 3.表达美好祝愿 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） be honored to; express sincere gratitude; thanks to; of great importance; be made of; a symbol of; a good reminder of 第三步：连词成句 1. I feel much honored to represent the class to express our sincere gratitude to Ms. Cindy for her excellent work. 2. Thanks to Ms. Cindy’s generous help as well as her great devotion and efforts, we’ve become more interested and done better in English. 3. we’ ve become more interested and done better in English, which will be of great importance to our further study. 4. This pen container is made of bamboo. 5. In Chinese culture it’s a symbol of being young and modest. 6. What makes it special is that we’ve all signed on it, making it a good reminder of the happy time we spent together. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second, And then, Finally, In the end, At last 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, not only…but (also)…, including 3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although + clause(从句), In spite of + n/doing, On the one hand…,on the other hand…, Some…, while others…, as for, so…that… 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， - 27 - 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符 合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：Thanks to Ms. Cindy’s generous help as well as her great devotion and efforts, we’ve become more interested and done better in English, which will be of great importance to our further study。 这句话运用了 which 引导的定语从句。使用了一些固定词组，如 thanks to; be of great importance 等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章 思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。 - 28 -