2020届人教版高考英语必修四课堂练习：Unit2课时跟踪练（一）WarmingUp&Reading 6页

Unit 2课时跟踪练(一) Warming Up & Reading — Pre-reading Ⅰ.阅读理解 A An average 30yearold person who has eaten three meals a day since birth has eaten more than 30,000 meals to date. Even if you've only eaten half that much have to admit this: you've let some of that breakfast, lunch or dinner ‎ go to waste. And it turns out we're all to blame for this shaming fact: 30% of all food produced in the world each year is wasted or lost. That's about 1.3 billion tons, according to a new report by the U．N. Food and Agriculture Organization.‎ That's the weight of more than 8.6 million fullgrown blue whales, the largest creatures on earth. That's the weight of more than 2.3 million Airbus A380s, the largest planes in existence. That's as if each person in China, the world's most populous country with more than 1.3 billion people, had one ton mass of food thrown into the dustbin. It's almost unfathomable,_isn't it?‎ Setting aside that big number, we find the people with the most money are the ones who waste the most. On average, a person in European and North American countries wastes between 95 and 115 kilograms of food. SubSaharan African, South Asian and Southeast Asian countries waste much, much less — between 6 and 11 kilograms per person.‎ Here's another statistic: all the food that the world's richest countries waste is about equal to all the food that subSaharan Africa produces. The numbers: 222 million tons and 230 million tons, respectively (分别地). Basically, the wasted food of the rich could feed much of the African continent. And these numbers come as we've just been reporting about rising food prices around the world in the past week.‎ And my own personal tip: if I eat at a restaurant and can't finish it all, I ask for a doggie bag. I used to be a waiter years ago and will never forget the amounts of food I saw left on the table after the bill was paid. There's no reason to waste food. It's up to all of us to use our common sense to eat and shop just a bit more wisely.‎ 语篇解读：本文为一篇说明文。根据联合国粮农组织的一份报告，目前全球生产出来的30%的食物在消费过程中被浪费。‎ ‎1．What does the underlined word “unfathomable” in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ A．Possible to imagine.‎ B．Impossible to change.‎ C．Impossible to understand.‎ D．Possible to understand.‎ 解析：‎ 选C　词义猜测题。根据第二段可知，每年浪费的食物的重量超过了860万头地球上最大的动物——蓝鲸的重量，也超过了230万架世界上现有的最大的飞机——空中客车A380的重量。这也好比在世界拥有超过13亿人的人口最多的国家——中国，人均向垃圾桶里倾倒一吨的食物。由此可推知这种现象使人难以理解。unfathomable意为“难以理解的；深不可测的”。‎ ‎2．It can be learned that the food the rich waste can support ________.‎ A．half the people in ‎Europe B．most people of ‎America C．most people of ‎Asia D．most people of ‎Africa 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“Basically, the wasted food of the rich could feed much of the African continent.”可推知，富有的国家浪费的食物可以养活非洲大陆大部分地区的人。‎ ‎3．The author gave his personal tip based on the fact that ________.‎ A．he was once very poor B．he was once a farmer C．he once worked in a restaurant D．the price of food is very high 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“I used to be a waiter years ago and will never forget the amounts of food I saw left on the table after the bill was paid.”可知，作者的建议是根据他曾是一个餐馆服务员的工作经历而给出的。‎ ‎4．What is the purpose of this article?‎ A．To show the author's opinion of food.‎ B．To let us live more wisely and not waste food.‎ C．To show the amount of wasted food a year.‎ D．To ask the richest countries to help African people.‎ 解析：选B　写作意图题。根据第一段倒数第二句“And it turns out we're all to blame for this shaming fact: 30% of all food produced in the world each year is wasted or lost.”和最后一段最后两句“There's no reason to waste food. It's up to all of us to use our common sense to eat and shop just a bit more wisely.”可推知，文章的写作目的在于让人们不要浪费食物，要更明智地生活。‎ B Looking for a few extra work hours or a new job? Many local businesses are on the lookout for help: just take a look along Divisadero street and you'll notice many “Help Wanted ” signs posted in windows. Here are a few of the jobs now hiring in the neighborhood.‎ Clerk at New StarEll Liquor New StarEll Liquor corner store has a “Help Wanted” sign in its window for someone to work a variety of tasks in the store. Stop by and talk to Sameer.‎ Host and Pizza Maker at Little Star Pizza Little Star Pizza is in need of a host for its Divisadero street location. No experience is necessary, but an excellent attitude is required. The payment is D|S12.25 an hour, plus tips. In addition, the restaurant is also in search for a pizza maker with 1—2 years experience. The job pays D|S15 or more an hour depending on experience, plus tips.‎ For more information on the host position and the pizza maker job, please click here.‎ Front of House and Back of House Positions at 4505 Burgers & BBQ If you're into brisket, burgers, and more, 4505 Burgers and BBQ is hiring for three positions. The front of house role includes taking orders, knowing the menu through and through, and ensuring that guests are happy. The salary is competitive, with paid time off after 90 days, and health insurance benefits after 60 days. You can email resumes using the email addresses in each Craigslist ad above.‎ Estimator and Body Technician at Lofrano's Auto Body Shop Right next door to 4505 Burgers & BBQ is an opportunity for those who are good at both math and cars. Lofrano is looking for an estimator with knowledge of the car industry as well as a qualified body technician. Applicants must be legally allowed to work in the USA, have a valid CA driver's license, and pass a drug and background screening. Benefits include 100 percent medical insurance, 401K Plan, paid time off and training paid by the shop. Interested individuals can apply online for either position.‎ ‎5．If you want to apply for a host in Little Star Pizza you should ________.‎ A．have the ability to perform several tasks B．have gained 1－2 years experience C．treat the customers friendly and kindly D．be skilled in managing a pizza shop 解析：选C　细节理解题。依据第三段的内容可知，Little Star Pizza招聘 host的条件是可以没有工作经验，但是要有一个极好的态度，故选C项。‎ ‎6．What do you know about Lofrano's Auto Body Shop?‎ A．The applicant can get a high and attractive salary.‎ B．It provides chances to train a qualified body technician.‎ C．The applicant can get health insurance for 90 days.‎ D．It is in need of an estimator knowing car industry.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。依据文章的最后一段可知，Lofrano's Auto Body Shop正在招聘一名了解汽车行业的评估师和一名取得执业资格的技术人员，故选D项。‎ ‎7．Where do the readers probably read the passage?‎ A．In a life magazine.‎ B．In an advertisement.‎ C．On the TV screen.‎ D．On the internet.‎ 解析：选D　文章出处题。依据第四段的“please click here”可知，这是刊登在某一网站上的信息，因此选D。‎ C Grasse‎ has always been associated with smell. In the Middle Ages it smelt particularly unpleasant due to its leather tanning (制革) industry. The nobility (贵族) only rarely visited the pretty and charming town to pick up their handmade and tanned leather gloves. Compared with the large area of land in the surrounding countryside, Grasse was certainly a necessary evil with no selfrespecting noble owning buildings there.‎ Molinard, a Grasse tanner himself, created the first Grasse perfume. Word spread like wildfire amongst the nobility about the designer perfumed gloves. Molinard offered a pair of his gloves to Catherine de Medici (the Queen), who gave plenty of praise to her Grasse fragrant (芳香的) gloves; she almost singlehandedly assured Grasse's reputation as the perfume capital of the world. Thanks to Catherine de Medici, Grasse merchants were encouraged to grow the fragrant plants that tanners needed to supply perfumed leather to the nobility.‎ Grasse‎ has four perfume factories and perfumeries as well as a perfume school and a perfume museum. Fragonard's perfume museum is situated on the first floor of its perfume factory and displays an amazing private collection of perfume bottles, presentation boxes, documents and equipment that tell the history of perfume making from its earliest beginnings to the present day. The perfume museum is open every day, Sundays and public holidays included.‎ Grasse is certainly a fragrant heaven, a_far_cry from its smelly beginning as a leather tanning town. Now famous for a far sweeter smell, Grasse is surrounded by fields of jasmine, roses and so on.‎ Those looking for real estate in France would have to go a long way to find anywhere more charming than Grasse with the city of Nice and its airport just a short drive away and plenty of activities to enjoy in the surrounding countryside. Real estate in Grasse is situated between the Southern Alps and the Cote d'Azur, allowing owners the best of both worlds.‎ ‎8. Why was Grasse considered to be necessary although it was an “evil”？‎ A．It produced leather gloves.‎ B．It was a beautiful and attractive town.‎ C．It made the nobility look respectable.‎ D．It beautified the surrounding countryside.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。文章第一段中的“its leather tanning (制革) industry”“only rarely visited the pretty and charming town to pick up their handmade and tanned leather gloves”说明格拉斯当时制造的皮手套非常著名。故选A。‎ ‎9．What does the underlined part “a far cry” in the last but one paragraph mean?‎ A．A long cry.　　　　　　　B．A great surprise.‎ C．Very different. D．Very distant.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。画线词前后的“a fragrant heaven”和“from its smelly beginning as a leather tanning town”说明格拉斯现在是香水天堂，不同于它刚开始时是一个有皮革臭味的小城。‎ ‎10．According to Para.3, Fragonard's perfume museum ________.‎ A．has several perfume factories B．is famous for its perfume school C．shows visitors the history of ‎Grasse D．can be visited all the year around 解析：选D　细节理解题。文章第三段的最后一句提到Fragonard香水博物馆每天(包括周日和公众假日)都对人们开放，因此选D项。‎ ‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 How to Make Friends with Neighbors Most people have neighbors where they live, whether it is in a house, a townhouse, or an apartment. You want to be friends with your neighbors, not enemies. Here are some tips to make that happen.‎ Get to know your neighbors. If you are the ones moving in and nobody has come to greet you, introduce yourself to your neighbors. __1__ If you see someone with a moving truck moving in, introduce yourself and offer to help. Take them a hometreat, such as cookies or bread, and welcome them to the neighborhood.‎ ‎__2__ Take a loaf of bread or a plate of cookies or brownies and wish them a Merry Christmas. You can make a little bag of candy to take to them and wish them a Happy Halloween.‎ Invite your neighbors to dinner or a barbecue. You can get to know them over a delicious meal. Don't ask them to bring anything. __3__ You can also invite your neighbor over to your house if you are watching a football, baseball, or other sport you think they might be interested in.‎ Be considerate to your neighbors.__4__ You don't want to be the annoying neighbors who have no consideration for others in the neighborhood. Keep your arguments within the ‎ walls of your house. Don't run outside yelling at one another, creating a huge scene. Nobody wants to know about your personal or family problems.‎ Let your children play together. Don't discourage your children from playing with your neighbor's children because of religion, race, or other petty things.__5__‎ A．Help out with yard work.‎ B．Wish them Happy Holidays.‎ C．If they offer, be gracious and accept it.‎ D．Go up to your neighbor's house and say hello.‎ E．If you see your neighbor working out in his or her yard, offer a helping hand.‎ F．Don't play super loud music in the early morning or after nine o'clock at night.‎ G．They will probably grow up together, so avoid creating enemies and make friends instead.‎ ‎1．选D　根据本段主题句：开始去结识你的朋友及空前一句：如果你是新搬来的，没有人跟你打招呼，那就向你的邻居介绍自己。故此处谈去邻居家主动打招呼。‎ ‎2．选B　根据下文，带面包或曲奇饼祝福朋友圣诞快乐，故此处作为主题句，谈论祝福邻居节日快乐的话题。‎ ‎3．选C　根据本段主题句：通过共进晚餐或一起吃烧烤可以增进与邻居的友谊。上文谈不要让他们带任何东西来，此处表示如果他们带来了要有礼貌的接受，与上文为转折对比关系。‎ ‎4．选F　根据本段主题句，要多为邻居着想，故此处以太早或太晚不要大声弹奏音乐，具体说明如何体谅邻居。‎ ‎5．选G　根据上文，让你家孩子跟邻居家孩子一起玩，故此处谈孩子们将很可能一起长大，成为朋友而不是敌人。‎