2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit2TheUnitedKingdom单元学案（29页word版） 29页

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修Unit2The United Kingdom单元学案 单元基础词汇语法过关复习 一、单句语法填空 ‎1．This word is wrongly spelt.You have left ________ a letter.‎ ‎2．(2017年新课标Ⅲ卷·阅读理解A)Authentic fire gear (服装) is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most ________ (thrill) parts of San Francisco.‎ ‎3．We paid a visit to Guilin, whose beauty was beyond ________ (describe)．‎ ‎4．The company is starting a new advertising campaign ________ (attract) new customers to its stores.‎ ‎5．The country consists ________ nearly 200 islands.‎ ‎6．The cake is divided ________ four parts for us to share.‎ ‎7．My teacher has a great influence ________ me.Without his instruction, I doubt if I could be so successful.‎ ‎8．The ________ (industry) area of this country made more pollution to the air compared with agricultural area.‎ ‎9．If something is done for your ________ (convenient), it is done in a way that is suitable or useful for you.‎ ‎10．I'll make ________ (arrange) for you to be met at the airport.‎ 二、单句改错 ‎1．It seems strange that the naughty boy would have won first prize.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．I'll visit him when he is convenient.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．The business, says Lando, used to be staid and predictable, consists of lawyers writing licensing deals.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．In the job interviews, job applicants often find themselves asking unexpected questions，some very difficult to answer.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5．Keep your eyes opened if you want to find the boy in red sweater.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎6．Computers cannot take place of human brains, and nor can other machines.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎7．(2017年天津卷·阅读理解B)This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it, now hang on a wall in my bedroom.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎8．I cannot tell you how delighting I was with the beautiful birthday present you gave me.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎9．Don't worry! I have arranged my secretary to pick you up at the airport.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎10．You'd better get yours examine as soon as possible.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 三、完形填空 ‎(2016年潍坊4月模拟)‎ Yesterday I popped into a supermarket on my way home to buy a few items.So there I was, in the 15 items or less line, waiting to be __1__ when I noticed a young lady with a baby in front of me.She was really __2__ her items, which was probably what __3__ my attention to her.So there I was staring, and I watched __4__ the checkout girl told her the total.She began to search the __5__ and then looked up, her face almost white.‎ Intuitively (凭直觉) I knew what was wrong.She was __6__ of money.As her total came to $8.80, I assumed she was low on the __7__.So I opened my purse, reached in, and __8__ a few of my own coins, saying “How much do you need, honey？” She looked at me __9__ and said “Like all of it.”Without even __10__ and putting my own coins back into my purse, I told the checkout girl to add it to my __11__.The lady could barely speak.She told me she had $10 in her purse but had no __12__ what happened to it.I told her it was no accident today that of all the checkouts I could have lined up at I __13__ at this one, right behind her.I wished her a __14__ day, and paid for the total.‎ The lady never did __15__ me or even so much as look back.She walked away __16__ digging through her bag looking for what I supposed was her __17__ $10 note.Yet it doesn't matter at all.What I love ‎ most about all this is that the checkout girl saw, __18__ the five or so other people behind me.What I hope is that they will __19__ what they saw.Someday, somewhere, perhaps they or the people they tell, may too be __20__ to do the same.‎ ‎1．A.examined B．served C．treated D．ordered ‎2．A.showing off B．looking at C．struggling with D．thinking of ‎3．A.paid B．needed C．devoted D．drew ‎4．A.until B．since C．as D．if ‎5．A.purse B．supermarket C．counter D．baby ‎6．A.disappointed B．shocked C．nervous D．short ‎7．A.list B．spot C．change D．way ‎8．A.seized B．selected C．saved D．carried ‎9．A.calmly B．blankly C．elegantly D．guiltily ‎10．A.introducing B．counting C．hesitating D．planning ‎11．A.total B．money C．fare D．note ‎12．A.effect B．problem C．idea D．access ‎13．A.turned around B．ended up C．looked up D．came back ‎14．A.humourous B．valuable C．warm D．happy ‎15．A.blame B．admire C．thank D．encourage ‎16．A.hardly B．also C．even D．still ‎17．A.missing B．given C．useless D．returned ‎18．A.along with B．except for C．including D．concerning ‎19．A.imagine B．forget C．ignore D．share ‎20．A.discouraged B．invited C．inspired D．excited 四、短文改错 ‎(2017年南昌二模)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Every one of us are thinking about the future.I have decided to become a middle school teacher.Does it sounds surprising?‎ I have had this dream when I was a child.I love children.I don't think to deal with them all years round is just wasting time.On contrary, to me it means happiness.Like we all can see, teachers are badly needed in our country, and not many of us want to become teachers.One of the main reason is that teachers work too hard but get too little.In spite of that, I'm determining to devote all my life into the cause of education.‎ 五、阅读理解 ‎(2017届湖南省长沙市高三英语5月模拟)‎ ‎ If you want to convince the boss you deserve a pay rise or promotion, the solution could be simple—eat the same food as they do.Psychologists have discovered managers are much more likely to instantly trust us if we choose the same dishes as them.‎ ‎ During experiments, discussions over wages and work conditions were much more successful if both sides chose to snack on the same treats.And shoppers were much more likely to buy a product advertised on TV by someone eating a similar food to them at the time.‎ ‎ The reason is thought to be socalled similarity attraction theory—where people tend to like others who have similar tastes or habits to themselves.But this is believed to be one of the first studies highlighting the role of food in this relationship.Researchers at Chicago University in the US conducted a series of experiments to examine food's ‎ role in earning trust.‎ ‎ In a test, participants were told to watch TV—where someone pretending to be a member of the public praised a certain product.The volunteers were given Kit Kat bars to nibble, while the TV people ate either a Kit Kat or grapes as they talked.‎ ‎ The results showed viewers were much more likely to express an interest in buying the product if the TV showed the other person eating a Kit Kat too.‎ ‎ The researchers added, “Although similarity in food consumption is not a sign of whether two people will get along, we find consumers treat this as such.They feel more trusting of those who consume as they do.It means people can immediately begin to feel friendship and develop a bond, leading to smoother transactions from the start.”‎ ‎ Harley Street psychologist Dr.Lucy Atcheson said it was already known that wearing similar clothes could instantly create trust.But this was the first report that food had the same effect.She said, “This is really interesting.It makes sense as people feel they have common ground and can trust the other person.That means negotiations are more likely to be successful.”‎ ‎1．According to the passage, customers are likely to buy a product from a dealer who ________.‎ A．has the same taste as them B．advertises his products on TV C．reduces the price of his products D．pays attention to the quality of his products ‎2．The experiments conducted by researchers at Chicago University show that ________.‎ A．food plays an important role in earning people's trust B．bosses like employees that have the same taste as them C．people who have similar tastes to their boss's earn more D．people have less interest in buying products advertised on TV ‎3．What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A．People who eat similar food are more likely to trust each other.‎ B．People will get along with each other if they like to eat similar things.‎ C．The effect of wearing similar clothes hasn't been proved by researchers.‎ D．People are more likely to make friends with those wearing the same clothes as them.‎ ‎4．Which of the following sayings can be an example of the similarity attraction theory?‎ A．Honesty is the best policy.‎ B．All good things come to an end.‎ C．Birds of a feather flock together.‎ D．Where there is a will, there is a way.‎ 能力检测答案 一、1.out　2.thrilling　3.description　4.to attract　‎ ‎5．of　6.into　7.on　8.industrial　9.convenience　‎ ‎10．arrangements 二、1.would→should　2.he→it ‎3．consists→consisting　4.asking→asked ‎5．opened→open　6.take后加the ‎7．hang→hangs　8.delighting→delighted ‎9．arranged后加 for　10.examine→examined 三、本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在超市替一名丢了钱的女士付账，并希望大家能够把这份温情继续传递下去。‎ ‎1．B　根据下文“I watched __4__ the checkout girl...”可知，“我”买完东西正在排队等待结账。故B项符合题意。‎ ‎2．C　根据下文“search the __5__ and then looked up, her face almost white”可知，那位女士的钱包找不到了，脸色苍白。由此可推知，她在为买的东西该如何付钱而内心挣扎着。故选C。‎ ‎3．D　根据下文“So there I was staring...”可知，“我”一直站在那儿盯着看，由此可推知，那位女士如何付款这件事吸引了“我”的注意。draw one's attention意为“吸引某人的注意”。故选D。‎ ‎4．C　根据上文可知，当收银女孩告诉那位女士商品的总钱数时，“我”一直在那儿盯着看。as当……时。故选C。‎ ‎5．A　根据下一段的“She told me she had $10 in her purse...”可知，此处指那位女士正在找钱包。purse钱包。故选A。‎ ‎6．D　根据下文的“So I opened my purse...a few of my own coins”可知，凭直觉，“我”知道发生什么事了，她缺钱。be short of意为“缺……”。故选D。‎ ‎7．C　根据下文“and __8__ a few of my own coins”可知，她买的东西的总金额为8.8美元，所以“我”以为她可能是缺零钱。故C项符合题意。‎ ‎8．A　根据上文的“So I opened my purse, reached in”可知，“我”从“我”的钱包里抓(seize)了几个硬币。故选A。‎ ‎9．B　根据下文的“Like all of it”可知，那位女士茫然地看着“我”说可能需要“我”拿出的所有钱。blankly茫然地。故选B。‎ ‎10．C　根据下文可知，“我”‎ 没有任何犹豫地把那位女士的账单加到自己的账单里。故选C。‎ ‎11．A　根据上文“As her total came to $8.80, I assumed...”及本段最后一句中的“paid for the total”可知，此处指“我”把那位女士的总计账单加入到自己的总计账单里。故选A。‎ ‎12．C　根据上下文可知，那位女士本来钱包里有10美元，但是不知怎么找不到了。have no idea意为“不知道，不了解”。故选C。‎ ‎13．B　根据语境可知，“我”告诉她，本来“我”还得排队，但是因为“我”站她后面了，所以“我”才能提前到收款台结算了购物账单。end up结束。故选B。‎ ‎14．D　根据语境可知，“我”希望那位女士度过愉快的一天，所以帮她付了购物账单。故选D。‎ ‎15．C　根据下文“She walked away __16__ digging through her bag looking for...”可知，那位女士走的时候一直在翻她的包找那10美元，甚至没有回头来感谢“我”。故选C。‎ ‎16．D　根据上文可知，那位女士没有感谢“我”，甚至没有回头看“我”。由此可推知，她还在找她的10美元。still仍然，还。故选D。‎ ‎17．A　根据上文可知，那位女士的10美元不见了，所以此处指她丢失的10美元。故选A。‎ ‎18．A　根据语境可知，收银女孩和“我”身后的大概五个人都看见了“我”所做的事情。along with随同……一起。故选A。‎ ‎19．D　根据下文的“...may too be __20__ to do the same”可知，此处指“我”希望他们能够与他人分享所看到的。故选D。‎ ‎20．C　根据上文的“What I hope is that they will __19__ what they saw.”可知，“我”希望他们去分享他们所看到的，也许某一天在某个地方，人们会被这件事激励着去做相同的事情。inspire激发，鼓舞。故选C。‎ 四、第一处：are→is。“Every one of us”意为“我们中的每一个人”，谓语应该用单数。‎ 第二处：sounds→sound。it 是第三人称单数，一般现在时的一般疑问句结构是：Does＋三单主语＋动词原形？‎ 第三处：去掉have。此处指作者当时有的梦想，所以必须用一般过去时。‎ 第四处：years→year。all year round是固定搭配，表示“一年到头”。‎ 第五处：On后加the。on the contrary是固定搭配，表示“与此相反，正相反”。‎ 第六处：Like→As。“as we can see”表示“‎ 正如我们所看到的那样”。as指的是后面的“teachers are badly needed in our country...”。‎ 第七处：and→but。这里表示转折，虽然国家需要很多教师，但是我们当中的很多人不愿意当老师。‎ 第八处：reason→reasons。one of 后面要接名词复数，是固定搭配。‎ 第九处：determining→determined。be determined to do sth.决定做某事。‎ 第十处：into→to。devote to致力于，献身于，为固定搭配。‎ 五、本文是一篇议论文，介绍了说服老板加薪的方法，论述了在食物方面品味接近的人容易产生信任。‎ ‎1．A　细节理解题。根据第二段的“And shoppers were much more likely to buy a product advertised on TV by someone eating a similar food to them at the time.”可知，A项正确。‎ ‎2．A　细节理解题。 根据倒数第三段“The results showed viewers were much more likely to express an interest in buying the product if the TV showed the other person eating a Kit Kat too.”可知，A项正确。‎ ‎3．A　推理判断题。 倒数第二段提到吃的东西相同或相似的两个人更容易获得对方的信任。‎ ‎4．C　推理判断题。 本文论述了在食物方面品味接近的人容易产生信任，这与C项的“物以类聚”是一个道理，故选C。‎ 单元综合知识运用检测 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ A How to Save Money to Visit Shanghai Disneyland The “happiest place on earth” is a top destination on many families' bucket lists.But taking a vacation to Disney World can be difficult to do on budget.There are some considerations that you can make to reduce the cost of your Disney World vacation.‎ ‎1．Come Prepared Plan ahead so that you don't have to purchase a necessity at Disneyland that you could have brought from home.For example, check the weather so that you don't need to buy a rain poncho or an umbrella.‎ ‎2．Buy Souvenirs in Advance Disney has influenced practically every industry, which makes it easy to find Disney items anywhere, from Walmart, Target, and your local grocery stores to department stores and Amazon.You can save a lot of money by purchasing items before your trip at these less expensive places than at Disneyland.‎ ‎3．Make an Autograph Book An autograph book is seen as a musthave by many Disneyland enthusiasts and is a memory you can take home with you.These books can cost anywhere from ＄7.95 to ＄19.95 at the Disney Store and up to ＄30 for the latestandgreatest autograph book at Disneyland, such as the park's 60th anniversary edition.Other choices can get the job done for under ＄5.For example, you can buy a small photo album, cute pads or notebooks.‎ ‎4．Take Advantage of Discounts Offered to Special Groups Disney offers a wide variety of discounts, including for military service members, college students, teachers, and youth groups.If you think you might qualify for a special discount or group rate, call the Disneyland Resort to book tickets.‎ 语篇解读：迪士尼乐园被许多家庭都列为一家人最想去的地方。然而，怎样在享受迪士尼乐园之旅的同时节省开支呢？本文给我们提出了一些实用的建议。‎ ‎21．It may take you more money to buy souvenirs at________.‎ A．Amazon　　　　　　　　 B．department stores C．Walmart D．Disneyland 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据Buy Souvenirs in Advance部分的“You can save a lot of money by purchasing items before your trip at ‎ these less expensive places than at Disneyland.”可知，在迪士尼乐园里面买纪念品价格更高。‎ ‎22．How much do you pay for the park's 60th anniversary autograph book?‎ A．＄30. B．＄19.95.‎ C．＄7.95. D．＄5.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据Make an Autograph Book部分的“... at the Disney Store and up to ＄30 for the latestandgreatest autograph book at Disneyland, such as the park's 60th anniversary edition.”可知，迪士尼乐园的60周年纪念版签名簿可以卖到30美元。故选A项。‎ ‎23．Who can't enjoy the lowpriced tickets?‎ A．All the college students.‎ B．All the young people.‎ C．All the teachers.‎ D．All the military service members.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。由最后一部分的“Disney offers a wide variety of discounts, including for military service members, college students, teachers, and youth groups.”可知，军人、大学生、教师以及青年团队可以享受优惠；再结合后面的group rate可知，青年团队属于团队优惠，所以不是所有年轻人都可享受优惠。故选B项。‎ B ‎(2018·湖南省十三校重点中学联考)When I was a small boy, I noticed that though many of the adults around me were wealthy and educated, they were not always happy and this sometimes led them to behave in ways, which I, as a child, thought strange. As a result of that, I ‎ decided to try to understand what happiness was and how best to achieve it. It was not surprising, then, that I decided to study psychology.‎ On arrival at the university, I was disappointed to find that academic psychologists were trying to understand human behaviour by studying rats in a lab. I felt that there must be other more useful ways of learning how we think and feel. I decided to build my career on trying to discover what made others happy. I started out by studying creative people such as musicians, artists and athletes because they were people who devoted their lives to doing what they wanted to do, rather than things that just brought them financial rewards.‎ Later, I expanded the study by inventing a system called “the experience sampling method”. Ordinary people were asked to keep an electronic pager (传呼机) for a week which gave out a beeping sound eight times a day. Every time it did so, they wrote down where they were, what they were doing, how they felt and how much they were concentrating. This system has now been used on more than 10,000 people, and the answers are consistent: as with creative people, ordinary people are happiest when concentrating hard.‎ I found that the most obvious cause of happiness is intense concentration. This must be the main reason why activities such as music, art, literature, sports and other forms of leisure have survived. In order to concentrate, whether you're reading a poem or building a sandcastle, what you need is a challenge that matches your ability. The way to remain continually happy, therefore, is to keep finding new opportunities to improve your skills. This may mean learning to do your job better or faster, or doing other more difficult jobs. As you grow older, you have to find new challenges which are more appropriate to your age.‎ 语篇解读：‎ 本文是记叙文。作者经过研究发现人的幸福感来源于做事情的专注度。‎ ‎24．What led the author to study psychology?‎ A．His determination to become rich.‎ B．His observation of adults.‎ C．His unhappy childhood.‎ D．His interest in strangers.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。第一段提到作者小时候看到周围富有且受过教育的成年人并不快乐，因而决定找到使人们获得快乐的途径，由此可推断：他对成年人的观察促使他学了心理学。‎ ‎25．Who were the author's study subjects at the start of his career?‎ A．People having deep affection for their career.‎ B．People very aware of their personal life.‎ C．People successful in acquiring wealth.‎ D．People with more freedom.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。由第二段中的“I started out by studying ... who devoted their lives to doing what they wanted to do”可知，作者认为他选择的研究对象是热爱自己事业的一群人。‎ ‎26．The author used his system to show that ________.‎ A．people's happiness depends on who they are with B．people are happier when they focus on an activity C．creative people are happier than ordinary people D．ordinary people find it hard to concentrate 解析：选B　细节理解题。由第三段中的“as with creative people, ordinary people are happiest when concentrating hard”‎ 可知，作者采取经验取样法研究发现：普通人和有创造性的人一样，他们在集中精神做事情的时候最快乐。‎ ‎27．According to the text, people concentrate most when they are doing ________.‎ A．something strange and enjoyable B．something difficult but possible C．things appropriate to their ages D．many things at the same time 解析：选B　推理判断题。由最后一段中的“intense concentration”及“challenge that matches your ability”等可知，人们在做具有一定难度但又是自己能力所及的事情时精神最集中。‎ C Whether in the workplace or on the football field, effective teamwork can produce amazing results.However, working successfully as a team is not as easy as it may seem.Effective teamwork certainly does not just happen automatically; it takes a great deal of hard work and compromise.There are a number of factors that must be in place to make a good team.‎ Effective leadership is one of the most important factors of good teamwork.The team's leader should possess the skills to create and preserve a positive working environment and motivate and inspire the team members to take a positive approach to work and be highly committed.An effective team leader will promote a high level of spirit and make them feel supported and valued.‎ Communication is a vital factor of all interpersonal relationship and especially that of a team.Team members must be able to articulate their feelings, express plans and goals, share ideas and see each other's opinions.‎ Conflicts will arise no matter how well a team functions ‎ together.The best way to deal with conflicts is to have some organized methods of handling conflicts.Team members should be able to voice their concerns without fear of offending others.Instead of avoiding conflict issues, a handson approach that settles them quickly is much better.It is often advised that the team leader sit with the conflicting parties and help work out their differences without taking sides and trying to remain objective if possible.‎ The team leader must set a good example to create good teamwork.In order to keep team members positive and committed and motivated，the team leader himself needs to show these qualities.The team turns to the leader for support and guidance.So any negative words or behaviors on the leader's part can be disastrous.‎ Regardless of what type of work you are in, knowing how to effectively work on and with a team is going to be extremely important to your success and that of your team.‎ 语篇解读：本文讲述了为什么高效的团队很重要，形成有效团队的必备因素以及领导怎样能带出一个有效团队。‎ ‎28.Effective leadership is important partly because________.‎ A．it creates a positive working environment B．it makes a leader feel supported and valued C．it helps a leader to develop lots of skills D．it depends on interpersonal relationship of a team 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The team's leader should possess the skills to create and preserve a positive working environment ...”可知，创造积极的工作环境是重要原因的一部分。‎ ‎29．The underlined word “articulate” probably means “________”．‎ A．hide B．express C．feel D．plan 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据文章第三段中的“Team members must be able to articulate their feelings，express plans and goals, share ideas and see each other's opinions.”可知，express，share和articulate是并列关系，它们的意思应该相近。所以选B项。‎ ‎30．When conflicts arise among team members, the team leader should________.‎ A．worry about the team members B．ignore the team members' voices C．work out their differences D．try to avoid conflict issues 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“It is often advised that the team leader sit with the conflicting parties and help work out their differences without taking sides and trying to remain objective if possible.”可知，领导者应该找出冲突双方意见的不同。故选C项。‎ ‎31．To become a good team leader, you have to ________.‎ A．set up a good team B．be positive and committed C．look for support from the team D．avoid natural disasters 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“In order to keep team members positive and committed and motivated, the team leader himself needs to show these qualities.”可知，要成为一个好的领导，要有积极和尽心尽力的精神。故选B项。‎ D ‎(2018·江西五市八校联考)Patients in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease often struggle to remember recently learned information, meaning they forget things like important appointments or where they left their keys. But it seems that these memories are not lost. They are still filed away in the brain somewhere; they just can't be easily accessed.‎ Now, researchers at MIT have developed a means of getting back memories in mice suffering from Alzheimer's. The method relies on a technique that uses light to control genetically modified neurons (转基因神经元). Currently it is too early to be used in human trials as it involves inserting light emitting (发光) equipment into the subjects' brains, but the same principles still apply, the researchers said.‎ ‎“The important point is that this is evidence of the concept. That is, even if a memory seems to be gone, it is still there. It's a matter of how to get it back，” said the senior researcher Susumu Tonegawa.‎ The team took two groups of mice, one genetically engineered to develop Alzheimer's and one healthy. They then placed them into a room and gave them a mild electric shock. All of the mice showed fear when put back in an hour later. When placed in the room a third time several days later, the Alzheimer's mice acted normally. They had forgotten the shock.‎ The researchers were then able to bring back the memory of the shock by activating (激活) the cells in which the memories were stored. Even when the mice were put into an unfamiliar room, they showed fear when the cells associated with the shock were activated.‎ ‎“Shortterm memories seem to be normal in order of hours. But for longterm memories, these earlyAlzheimer's mice seem to be damaged，” said the lead researcher Dheeraj Roy. “Directly activating the cells that ‎ we believe are holding the memory helps them get it back. This suggests that it is indeed an access problem to the information, not that they are unable to learn or store this memory.”‎ 语篇解读：本文主要介绍了利用光控制转基因神经元使早老性痴呆病患者恢复记忆的技术。‎ ‎32．What can we learn about the researchers at MIT?‎ A．They are the pioneers of brain research.‎ B．They have used the method in human trials.‎ C．They can cure Alzheimer's using the new method.‎ D．They can get back memories in mice with Alzheimer's.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“Now, researchers at MIT have developed a means of getting back memories in mice suffering from Alzheimer's”可知，他们能够使患有早老性痴呆病的老鼠恢复记忆。‎ ‎33．Why did the Alzheimer's mice behave normally the third time?‎ A．They failed to remember the electric shock.‎ B．They were accustomed to the situation.‎ C．They managed to overcome the fear.‎ D．They activated the association automatically.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段的“the Alzheimer's mice acted normally. They had forgotten the shock”可知，这些老鼠忘记了受到的电击。‎ ‎34．For longterm memories, the earlyAlzheimer's mice ________.‎ A．can transform their brain cells B．can't learn new tricks well C．can easily get back their memories D．can't access the information stored 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But for longterm memories, these earlyAlzheimer's mice seem to be damaged”和“Directly activating ... this memory”可知，对于长期记忆来说，这些处于早老性痴呆病早期的老鼠因为(脑细胞)已经被损害，不能使用这种已经储存的信息。‎ ‎35．The main purpose of the text is to ________.‎ A．introduce a method of a research B．report the latest discovery about a disease C．give advice on how to improve memories D．explain how a brain stored information 解析：选B　写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文的主要目的是报道关于早老性痴呆病的最新发现。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ ‎“You're hired！”‎ You've probably already been filling out job applications or talking to family or friends about getting a parttime job.And good for you! You'll get an early start learning how to work.So how，exactly，do you get a parttime job？__36__ It sounds strange, but it will put you in the right state of mind.Steal these secrets to keep you cool and impress the people who matter.‎ Secret #1: Do your homework.Showing up for an interview unprepared is like taking a driving test without ever opening the manual (手册): FAIL.So give yourself a primer (初级读本) on the job and the business first.A few ways to know your stuff: Has the company been in the news lately？__37__ Do you know any employees you can ask about ‎ the job？You'll feel more confident，and your interviewer will be impressed that you did your research!‎ Secret #2: __38__ You're probably pretty busy stressing over how to survive an intense interrogation (询问), but guess what? The questions you ask during an interview may be what sells you to your future employer — they show your enthusiasm for the job.‎ Secret #3: It pays to get there early.__39__ So arrive 15 minutes early and try this calming breathing exercise：‎ ‎1．Find a place to sit (like a chair in the hall or across the street at a coffee shop)．‎ ‎2．Take slow, deep breaths.‎ ‎3．Repeat that 5～10 times!‎ Secret #4: Don't skip breakfast.On interview day, make sure you're running on healthy fuel, like a piece of bread and a banana.__40__‎ A．What can you learn from its website?‎ B．Questions are as important as answers.‎ C．Do you want to build up your confidence?‎ D．You will compete for a dream job one day.‎ E．They'll give you the energy to do your best!‎ F．Think of yourself as a product you have to sell!‎ G．When you're in a rush, you start off feeling tired and anxious.‎ 语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章介绍了准备面试的几个小技巧。36.解析：选F　F项是对上文“So how，exactly，do you get a parttime job？”的回答，且与下文的“It sounds strange, but it will put you in the right state of mind”相呼应。‎ ‎37．解析：选A　A项与上下文的问句都是对上文A few ways to ‎ know your stuff的具体说明。‎ ‎38．解析：选B　B项与下文的“The questions you ask during an interview may be what sells you to your future employer”相呼应。‎ ‎39．解析：选G　G项与上文的“It pays to get there early”及下文的“So arrive 15 minutes early and try this calming breathing exercise”相呼应。‎ ‎40．解析：选E　E项中的They 指代上文的a piece of bread and a banana。‎ 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ ‎(2018·昆明模拟)The terror attacks are occurring worldwide.They have aroused countless thoughts __41__ me down.What can I do for those __42__ people, the very victims and refugees?‎ Yesterday I boarded a train and took my seat __43__ the carriage so I would be facing forward. Soon, a mother and her three children, two boys and a little girl, __44__ into the row of seats in front of me.The woman was wearing clothes that were __45__.I don't think you could ever find any __46__ of the clothes at any store.I was __47__ by the beautiful simplicity of these garments.They weren't expensive, fancy, or from a famous designer, __48__ they were priceless.‎ The little girl's eyes and mine met and locked.She smiled __49__ and gazed at me.I would receive a gift I had been hoping for. I had __50__ to connect with people from a culture that was currently suffering and in my __51__ was a warm Pakistani family. We had a conversation.I used standard conversation __52__： How old are you？Where do you study？This was a child but the depth and breadth of our conversation took it to amazing __53__. What was even more remarkable was the ‎ __54__ conversation.Her smile, her gaze and her trust __55__ touched me.‎ Our 45 minutes together __56__ quickly but we will always be in each other's hearts.During the time, I was in the __57__ that to do something for those unlucky people, I just needed to open my door __58__ they could come in.It is amazing what happens when you __59__ to others.People come in __60__ beautiful gifts.It's likely to start with just a kind smile.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者用自身的经历告诉我们：一个人想要去关注他人，就要敞开心扉与他们交谈。‎ ‎41．A.pulling　　　　　　　　 B．weighing C．breaking D．cutting 解析：选B　根据下文的“What can I do for those ... refugees”可知，恐怖袭击使作者心绪翻腾，忧心忡忡。weigh down“使忧心忡忡”，符合语境。pull down“贬低，使扫兴”；break down“破坏，消除，砸破”；cut down“杀死，砍倒”。‎ ‎42．A.disabled B．confused C．disturbed D．offended 解析：选C　根据语境及下文中的“do something for those unlucky people”可知，此处指的是作者在想自己能为那些不幸的(disturbed)人做些什么。disturbed除了常见的“心神不安的，烦恼的”这些意思外，还表示“不幸的，坎坷的，多灾多难的”。confused“糊涂的，迷惑的”；offended“被冒犯的”。‎ ‎43．A.at the end of B．on the top of C．in the center of D．in the front of 解析：选A　根据空后的“so I would be facing forward”‎ 可知，作者坐在车厢的后面。at the end of“在……后面”，符合语境。‎ ‎44．A.looked B．broke C．ran D．squeezed 解析：选D　根据“a mother and her three children”“the row of seats in front of me”可知，一位母亲和她的三个孩子的座位在作者的座位的前面，而火车上的一排座位一般可坐两至三个人，所以这位母亲和她的孩子都坐的话，显然空间是不够的，他们得挤进去。squeeze“(使)挤入，挤过，塞入”符合语境。‎ ‎45．A.shabby B．different C．funny D．fashionable 解析：选B　根据下文中的“I don't think you could ever find ... by the beautiful simplicity of these garments”可知，这位母亲的衣服是特别的、与众不同的。different“与众不同的，别致的”，符合语境。shabby“破旧的，破烂的”；funny“滑稽的，奇怪的”； fashionable“流行的，时髦的”。‎ ‎46．A.inspiration B．account C．trace D．decoration 解析：选C　作者认为你在任何一家商店都找不到这些衣服的踪迹。trace“踪迹，痕迹”，符合语境。inspiration“灵感”；account“描述”；decoration“装饰”。‎ ‎47．A.struck B．shocked C．excited D．moved 解析：选A　根据语境可知，作者被这位母亲的衣服所呈现的一种简单的美所折服。be struck by/on/with sb./sth.“迷恋(某人或某物)，被(某人或某物)打动”，符合语境。‎ ‎48．A.though B．so C．and D．yet 解析：选D　这些衣服不贵重，不高档，也不是出自著名的设计师之手，但它们是无价的。前后句之间是转折关系，故用连词yet。‎ ‎49．A.broadly B．hopefully C．occasionally D．gratefully 解析：选A　根据下文中的“a warm Pakistani family”“Her smile ... touched me”以及“start with just a kind smile”可知，此处指她的脸上露出了一个开心的微笑。smile broadly“咧开嘴笑，开心地笑”。hopefully“满怀希望地”；occasionally“偶然，偶尔”；gratefully“感激地”。‎ ‎50．A.refused B．expected C．pretended D．decided 解析：选B　作者即将收到他一直想要的一份礼物。他曾期望(expected)自己能与受苦的人们接触。上文中的“hoping for”是提示。‎ ‎51．A.seat B．heart C．life D．presence 解析：选D　在作者面前的是一个热情的巴基斯坦家庭。in one's presence“当着某人的面，在某人面前”。‎ ‎52．A.techniques B．pieces C．starters D．stoppers 解析：选C　根据上文中的“standard conversation”和下文中的“How old are you？Where do you study？”可知，作者使用了常见的谈话开场白(starters)。conversation piece“(因不寻常)成为话题的东西，谈资”；conversation stopper“噎人的话，令人瞠目结舌的话”。‎ ‎53．A.heights B．facts C．changes D．conclusions 解析：选A　虽然她只是一个孩子，但是作者与她的谈话的深度和广度让谈话达到了惊人的高度。height“高度”，符合语境。‎ ‎54．A.meaningful B．unspoken C．valuable D．casual 解析：选B　根据下文中的“Her smile, her gaze and her trust”可知，更让作者感到有意思的是他们之间无声的谈话。unspoken“未说出口的，未表达的”，符合语境。meaningful“有意义的”；valuable“很重要的”；casual“随便的”。‎ ‎55．A.obviously B．suddenly C．deeply D．eventually 解析：选C　根据空前的“Her smile, her gaze and her trust”，空后的“touched me”及下文的“we will always be in each other's hearts”可知，她的微笑、对作者的凝视及她的信任深深地触动了作者。deeply“深深地”，符合语境。‎ ‎56．A.flew away B．flew past C．came along D．came apart 解析：选B　此处指作者与小女孩在一起的45分钟转瞬即逝。fly past“(时间)逝去，过去”，符合语境。fly away“飞走”；come along“出现，进展，赶快”；come apart“破裂”。‎ ‎57．A.hope B．point C．condition D．knowledge 解析：选D　在那期间，我知道了，要为那些不幸的人做些什么，我只需打开心门，以便他们能进来。in the knowledge that 是固定用法，意为“知道，了解”。‎ ‎58．A.now that B．as if ‎ C．so that D．in case 解析：选C　参见上题解析。so that“以便”，符合语境。now that“既然”；as if “好像”；in case“以防万一”。‎ ‎59．A.give over B．go over C．open up D．make up 解析：选C　根据文中内容可知，一个人要去关注他人，就要敞开心扉与别人交谈，这种感觉很让人惊叹。open up “畅所欲言，直抒胸臆”，符合语境。go over to sb.“向某人走过去”；make up to sb.“讨好，奉承，巴结”。‎ ‎60．A.packing B．bearing C．designing D．recommending 解析：选B　根据上文的内容可知，与小女孩的交谈使作者得到了与遭遇不幸的人有所接触的机会，也帮助作者明白了他该如何帮助那些不幸的人。这些对作者来说都可称得上是“美丽的礼物”。由此可知，此处说的是人们会带着美丽的礼物进来。bear“携带，带有”，符合语境。pack“包装”；design“设计”；recommend“推荐”。‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ ‎(2018·南宁统考)When you smile, not only do you feel happy, __61__ you also bring a ray of light into the lives of others.Someone once__62__ (say), “A smile is a curve that sets everything straight, by increasing your face value.” Know that a smile is a little thing that can produce great results.__63__ it takes is a smile to make short work of many __64__ (difficulty), for just being happy can help others.I've often thought of a smile__65__ the touch of God given to his people.‎ A day without a smile is a day wasted. Some people grin (咧嘴笑)‎ ‎ and bear it, while__66__ smile and change the world.Don't you love the feelings of a __67__ (return) smile? It can move into the soul and release good into the world. It can make friends with__68__ (strange)．It can bring friends closer together. It can bridge the generation gap. It can fill the heart with love.‎ A smile is a light in the window of the soul, __69__ (indicate) that the heart is at home.God puts a smile on our faces so that we would see that the world needs that breath to__70__ (light) the darkness in our life.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。论述了微笑的重要性以及微笑对人们生活的影响。‎ ‎61．but　考查并列连词。根据句中的“not only”可知，该句考查not only ...but(also) ...结构。‎ ‎62．said　考查动词时态。根据时间状语“once”可知，此处应用一般过去时态，故填said。‎ ‎63．What　考查连接词。分析句子结构可知，what引导主语从句，并在从句中作宾语。‎ ‎64．difficulties　考查名词复数。many后接可数名词的复数。difficulty意为“难事”。‎ ‎65．as　考查固定搭配。think of ...as ...“认为……是……”。‎ ‎66．others　考查代词。分析句子可知，该句考查some ...others ...意为“一些人……其他人……”。‎ ‎67．returned　考查非谓语动词。return与smile之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。‎ ‎68．strangers　考查词性转换和名词复数。由上文的friends可知，此处应为strangers，意为“陌生人”。‎ ‎69．indicating　考查非谓语动词。indicate与其逻辑主语a ‎ smile之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。‎ ‎70．lighten　考查词性转换。因为to 为不定式符号，且在此处表示目的，故其后加动词原形。故用lighten，意为“(使)变明亮”。‎ Ⅰ.写作规范增分练 第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ Dear John，‎ Thank you for your invitation to dinner at your home in tomorrow evening.Unfortunate, I cannot join you and your family.‎ ‎ It is why I will be fully occupied then for an important exam come the day after tomorrow. I felt terribly sorry for missing the chance of such happy gettogether. And I hope that all of you enjoy a good time.Is it possibly for you and me to have a private meeting at your convenient? If so, please don't hesitate to drop me a line about my favorite date.I do long for a pleasant chat about you.‎ ‎ Please allow me to say sorry again.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua 答案：第一句：去掉in 第二句：Unfortunate→Unfortunately 第三句：why→because; come→coming 第四句：felt→feel; happy前加a 第六句：possibly→possible; convenient→convenience 第七句：my→your 第八句：about→with 第二节：书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎(2018·大连模拟)‎ 加拿大高中生David在互联网上登出一则启事，希望结识一位中国朋友，以便学习中国的语言、文化。假设你是光明中学的李华，请在看到这则启事后，用英文给David发一封电子邮件。主要内容包括：‎ ‎1．你怎样得知他的愿望；‎ ‎2．你愿意成为他的朋友；‎ ‎3．你打算如何帮助他；‎ ‎4．你盼望他的回复。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear David，‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 参考范文：‎ Dear David，‎ I am Li Hua. I am glad to have read your notice on the Internet and I know you want to make friends with a Chinese in order to learn the Chinese language and culture. I want to be your friend. Now I'd like to introduce myself to you. I was born in 1990, I study in the GuangMing Middle School and I am good at English.‎ I think I can help you to know more about China by sending emails. What's more, we can have chats on the Internet in Chinese or English and I'll tell you the customs, the festivals, the foods, etc. of the Chinese. I ‎ hope we can keep in touch with each other.‎ I am looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua