【英语】2018届人教版选修8一轮复习：Unit4Pygmalion核心词汇学案（6页） 10页

Unit 4 Pygmalion 核心词汇学案（6页）‎ 核心单词 ‎1. adaptation n.[C] 改编本；适应性 The play is an adaptation of a short novel. ‎ 这部戏剧是一部短篇小说的改编本。‎ The adaptation of animals to the environment is rather slow. ‎ 动物对环境的适应是相当慢的。‎ 常用结构：‎ adaptation to 对¡¡的适应 ‎ 联想拓展 adapt vt.使适应(合)；修改,改编 ‎ vi. (to)适应 adapt oneself to 使适应；使适合 高手过招 完成句子 ‎ ‎①He tried hard to himself (使自己适应) the new conditions.‎ ‎②He made a quick (适应) the new environment.‎ ‎③When they moved to Canada, the children (适应) the change very well. ‎ 答案：①adapt; to ②adaptation to ③adapted to ‎ ‎2. betray ‎ vt. 背叛(某人)；出卖(国家,朋友)给¡¡；泄露秘密 常用结构：‎ betray ...to ... 出卖(国家,朋友)给¡¡‎ betray oneself 无意中露出本性 He shouldnt betray his country to the enemy.‎ 他不该出卖国家给敌人。‎ The officer betrayed the secret to his friends. ‎ 那军官把秘密向朋友泄露了。‎ 联想拓展 betrayer n. 背叛者,告密者 ‎ betrayal n. 背叛,卖国 ‎ an act of betrayal 背叛行为 高手过招 单项填空 When I asked the news, he his happiness.‎ A.expressed B. betrayed C. showed D. said 解析：选B。句意为：当我问他这个消息时，他显露出高兴的样子。express表达；show表明;均不合句意；betray显示，显露;符合句意。 ‎ ‎3. condemn vt. 责难；责备；谴责某人；判处¡¡有罪 We condemn his foolish behavior.我们谴责他的愚蠢行为。‎ 常用结构：‎ condemn sb./sth. as 谴责/指责某人/某事为¡¡‎ condemn sb. to sth. 判处某人某种刑罚 condemn sb. to do sth. 把¡¡逼入某状态，使某人注定¡¡‎ be condemned/sentenced to death 被判处死刑 ‎ The criminal was condemned to death. ‎ 那个罪犯被判处死刑。‎ 联想拓展 condemnation n. 责难；判罪 ‎ 高手过招 ‎(1)单项填空 The September 11 Attack has been by the entire international community. ‎ A. Condemned B. scolded C. criticized D. blamed ‎(2)完成句子 ‎ ‎①She knew that society would (指责) her for leaving her children.‎ ‎②There was widespread international (国际谴责) of the bombing. ‎ ‎③He was found guilty and condemned death. （判处死刑）‎ 答案： (1)解析：选A。condemn谴责;符合句意。scold 斥责；criticize批评；blame责怪。‎ ‎(2)①condemn ② condemnation ③to ‎ ‎4. acquaintance ‎ n.[U]相识；熟悉；熟知 ‎ n.[C]相识的人，熟人 ‎ I have some acquaintance with the Russian. ‎ 我懂一点俄语。‎ She was a casual acquaintance in Vienna. ‎ 她是我在越南的一个熟人。 ‎ 常用结构：‎ make ones acquaintance=make the acquaintance with sb. 结识某人 联想拓展：‎ acquaint vt. 使熟知，告知 ‎ acquaint sb. with ... 使某人认识/了解¡¡ ‎ 高手过招 根据句子的意思在横线上填入适当的词 ‎①The musician had little acquaintance modern science. ‎ ‎②I am delighted to your acquaintance.‎ ‎③She has many in the business community.‎ ‎④I have some acquaintance Spanish. ‎ ‎⑤I need to myself with the new regulations.‎ 答案： ①with ②make ③ acquaintances ‎ ④with ⑤acquaint ‎ ‎5. fortune n. [U]命运；运气；机会;‎ ‎ [C]财产；财富 She had the good fortune to be free from illness. ‎ 她运气好，没得病。‎ It is believed that it will bring good fortune in the coming year.‎ 据说它能为人们在新的一年里带来好运气。‎ 常用结构：‎ make a fortune发财 seek ones fortune外出找出路 try ones fortune碰运气 联想拓展：‎ fortunate adj.幸运的；幸福的 be fortunate to do sth.／in doing sth. 幸运做某事 ‎ 高手过招 完成句子 ‎ ‎①He (发了财) by selling houses. ‎ ‎②She (寻求她的财富) in another country.‎ ‎ (不幸的是), the fire spread quickly after it had started. ‎ 答案： ①made a fortune ②sought her fortune ③Unfortunately ‎6. compromise ‎ vi. 作出妥协,让步 vt. 损害名誉;危急;连累 n. [U][C]妥协；和解；让步 Such conduct will compromise your reputation. ‎ 如此举动将会损害你的名誉。‎ The dispute between the two countries was solved by compromise.‎ 两国之间的纷争由于互相让步而解决了。‎ 常用结构：‎ reach/arrive at/work out a compromise 达成妥协 make a compromise with 与¡¡妥协 温馨提示：‎ compromise用作动词或名词时，常与介词on, between搭配。 ‎ 高手过招 单项填空 If we all agree to make with each other¡ªwhen we are in disputes, wars are forever gone and we are surely live in peace. ‎ A. adjustment B. compromise C. promise D. acquaintance 解析：选B。按照句意：前句意思¡°如果我们彼此之间做出妥协和让步¡¡¡±；make compromise with与¡¡妥协;符合句意。 ‎ ‎7. overlook ‎ vt. 忽略；没注意；俯瞰，俯视 You have overlooked several of the mistakes in this work.‎ 你忽略了这个工作中的几个错误。 ‎ The secretary is very careful and never overlooks any little points.‎ 秘书是个很细心的人，她从不忽视细节。 ‎ The house on the hill overlooks the village.‎ 从山上的房子可以俯视村庄。 ‎ 易混辨析 overlook/neglect/ignore overlook 意为¡°忽略¡±，多指由于草率、放任或没有注意到而忽视某事。‎ neglect 指没有给予或很少给予，后面接sb./sth.,还可以接to do sth./doing sth.。‎ ignore 指有意识的拒绝，不给予理睬，后面可接sb./sth.，不跟不定式。 ‎ 高手过招 单项填空 American women were the right to vote until 1920 after years of hard struggle. ‎ A. Ignored B. denied C. overlooked D. neglected 解析：选B。deny sb. sth.拒绝给予。 ‎ 重点短语 ‎8. pass sb. off as...‎ 把某人改变或冒充成¡¡‎ He escaped by passing himself off as a guard.‎ 他冒充警卫逃走了。‎ She passed him off as her husband.‎ 她把他假充作自己的丈夫。‎ 联想拓展：‎ pass sth. to sb. 将某物递给某人 pass away 去世 pass down/on... 把¡¡传给后世 pass...on to 把¡¡传递给¡¡‎ pass by 走过；经过 pass through 通过；穿过 ‎ 高手过招 用适当的介词或副词填空 ‎①Pass the book me when youve finished it. ‎ ‎②I was sorry to learn that his mother had passed .‎ ‎③She passed a difficult period after her marriage failed. ‎ ‎④They bought up pieces of old furniture and passed them valuable antiques. ‎ 答案：①on to ②away ③through ④off as ‎ ‎9. in terms of...‎ 以¡¡的观点；就¡¡而说 In terms of money, hes quite rich, but not in terms of happiness. 就钱来说他很富有，但就幸福来说就不然了。‎ It is difficult to express it in terms of science. ‎ 要用科学的字眼来表达它是很困难的。‎ 联想拓展：‎ in need of 需要 in charge of 负责 in search of 搜寻 in hope of 希望 in honor of 纪念；尊重 in favor of 有利于 ‎ in spite of 尽管 in case of 以防；万一 in place of 代替 ‎ 高手过招 完成句子 ‎①Think of it (从¡¡角度) an investment. ‎ ‎②It was a bad year for films, (无论从数量上还是质量上). ‎ ‎③This project is (迫切地需要) funding.‎ ‎④He is homeless and (非常需要帮助). ‎ 答案：① in terms of ‎ ②in terms of both quantity and quality ‎ ③ in great/urgent need of ‎ ④in great need of help ‎10. show sb. in 领某人进来 Show him in as soon as he arrives. ‎ 他一到就立刻带他进来。‎ 联想拓展：‎ show sb. out领某人出去 show sb. around领某人参观某地 ‎ show off 炫耀; 卖弄 show up 出现；来到某处; 揭露;显得好看 show oneself 出现；显现（本性等）‎ show a person the door 请（某人）出去；把（某人）赶出去 ‎ 高手过招 ‎(1)单项填空 ‎①It is unwise to your greater knowledge in front of the manager. ‎ A. show in B. show out ‎ C. show up D. show off ‎②He didnt show in the party last night.‎ A.up B. off C. over D. in ‎ ‎(1)①解析：选D。 考查短语辨析。句意为：你在经理面前炫耀你的知识是不明智的。show off炫耀；卖弄；符合句意。‎ ‎②解析：选A。 句意为：昨天的聚会上他没有露面。show up露面；出现。 ‎ ‎(2)用适当的介词或副词填空 ‎ ‎①I will show you when you are in the city.‎ ‎②She likes to show her nice figure by wearing tight dresses.‎ ‎③Uncle George didnt show for our wedding because he forgot it. ‎ ‎④He showed me a sittingroom. ‎ 答案：①around ②off ③up ④into ‎ 重点句型 ‎11. Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering are sitting deep in conversation. ‎ 亨利¡¤希金斯正与皮克林上校促膝长谈。‎ 形容词短语deep in sth.意为¡°专心；全神贯注；深陷¡±，可用在句中作表语、状语。‎ 同样用法的词还有：lost, determined, absorbed, dressed等。‎ He was deep in thought. 他陷入了沉思。‎ He was so deep in his work that he was not aware of the fire. 他如此专心工作以至于不知道发生了火灾。‎ Deep in work, he didnt notice a man come in. ‎ 忙于工作，他没有注意到有人走了进来。 ‎ 高手过招 完成句子 ‎ ‎① (determine) not to come back, she went out of the house.‎ ‎ (dress) as a princess, she went onto the stage.‎ 答案： ①Determined ②Dressed ‎