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UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLOARTIOAN
Section D Listening and Talking, Reading for Writing & Assessing Your Progress
核心词汇
词汇一
be curious about
对
……
感到好奇
◆教材原句
I
’m really curious about his life in space.
我真的对他在太空中的生活感到好奇。
◆
要点必记
be curious to do sth.
很想做某事
It is/was curious that... ……
是奇怪的
◆词语积累
curiously
adv.
好奇地
curiosity
n.
好奇;好奇心
with curiosity
好奇地
out of curiosity
出于好奇
题组练
·
领悟方法
单句语法填空
(
1
)
The little kids are curious
everything around them and eager to know about it.
(
2
)
People were curious
(
know
)
how Peter would deal with the matter.
(
3
)
The children looked at me
(
curious
),
asking where I came from.
(
4
)
Out of
(
curious
),
David turned on the new computer.
单句写作
(
5
)
The little child looked at the dog
(好奇地)
.
(
6
)
Susan
(对
……
好奇)
what her brother was doing
,
but he never told her anything.
about
to know
curiously
curiosity
with curiosity
was curious about
词汇二
argue
vt. & vi.
论证;争辩;争论
◆
教材原句
Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space.
有些人认为我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱去探索太空。
◆
要点必记
(
1
)
argue with sb. about/over sth.
与某人 争论某事
argue for
为支持
……
而争辩
argue against
为反对
……
而争辩;不赞成
argue sb. into/out of doing sth.
说服某人做某事
/
不做某事
argue that...
争辩
……
;认为
……
(
2
)
argument
n.
争论;辩论
have an argument with sb.
与某人争论
/
争吵
have an argument about/over sth.
为某事争论
/
争吵
an argument for/against...
支持
/
反对
……
的论据
/
理由
◆词语辨析
argue
与
debate
·argue
侧重“说理”“论证”和“企图说服”。
· debate
侧重“双方各抒己见”,内含“交锋”的意思。
单句语法填空
(
1
)
Tom has been arguing
his brother about where they should go for their holidays.
(
2
)
Robert argued
reducing his pocket money every month.
(
3
)
Most teachers argued
an increase in their salaries.
(
4
)
It’s no use
(
argue
)
with me about the matter.
(
5
)
You should solve the problem by
(
argue
),
not by fight.
with
against
for
arguing
argument
单句写作
(
6
)
I finally
(说服他不)
going on such a dangerous journey.
(
7
)
We tried to
(说服她加入)
us in helping the homeless.
辨析填空(
argue/debate
)
(
8
)
Many experts had
for the Three Gorges Water Conservancy Project for many years before it started.
(
9
)
Last Friday
,
we _________whether students should use their smartphones on weekdays at school.
argued him out of
argue her into joining
argued
debated
词汇三
the solution to... ……
的解决方法
◆教材原句
Instead
,
we should feed the world’s poor and find immediate solutions to other
problems
,
such as pollution and fatal diseases.
相反,我们应该养活世界上的穷人,并立即找到其他问题的解决办法,比如污染和致命的疾病。
◆要点必记
the entrance to the cave
山洞的入口
the answer to the question
问题的答案
the key to the door
门的钥匙
the key to success
成功的关键
the approach to the problem
问题的解决办法
单句语法填空
(
1
)
The school advisor don’t give you any direct
(
solve
)
to your problem.
(
2
)
I have tried very hard to find a solution
the problem
,
but in vain.
单句写作
(
3
)
Could you tell us
(成功的关键)?
(
4
)
Professor Yang came up with
( 三个解决办法)
the difficult problem at the meeting.
solution
to
the key to success
three approaches to solving
词汇四
shallow
adj.
肤浅的;浅的
◆教材原句
However
,
others feel this is a
shallow view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us.
然而,其他人认为这是一种肤浅的观点,没有意识到探索太空是怎样帮助我们的。
◆要点必记
a shallow argument
肤浅的论点
a shallow person
一个肤浅的人
the shallow water
浅水
◆词语积累
shallowly
adv.
肤浅地;浅地
shallowness
n.
肤浅;浅
◆对比记忆
shallow
adj.
浅的←→
deep adj.
深的
单句写作
(
1
)
His argument was
(如此肤浅)
that few people were argued into supporting his idea.
(
2
)
(越浅)
the earthquake is
,
the more likely it is to cause damage.
单句翻译
(
3
) 这条河里的水太浅了,我们可以走过去。
____________________________________________________
(
4
) 鲍勃是个肤浅的人。另外,他很懒。
____________________________________________________
so shallow
The shallower
The water in this river is so shallow that we can walk across it.
Bob is a shallow person. Besides
,
he is very lazy.
词汇五
make a difference
对
……
产生影响;有意义
◆教材原句
Firstly
,
exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.
首先,探索太空已经在战胜世界性饥饿方面发挥了作用。
◆要点必记
make a big/great difference
(
to
)(对
……
) 产生很大的影响
make no/little difference
(
to
)(对
……
)无影响;没关系
It makes no difference to sb. whether... or not...
是否做某事对某人没有影响。
单句写作
(
1
)[
2017·
北京卷]
Hannah is one of many examples of young people who
_________________________
(正产生影响)
in the world.
(
2
)
What she says will
(对
……
无影响)
our plan.
(
3
)
What we are doing now will ____________________________
(对
……
产生很大的影响)
the children’s future.
are making a difference
make no difference to
make a big/great difference to
词汇六
result in
导致;造成
◆教材原句
It has directly resulted in the many satellites that now orbit Earth.
其直接结果是产生了现在环绕地球运行的许多卫星。
◆要点必记
result in
(
=lead to=contribute to
)导致,引起(其后接结果)
result from
(
=lie in
)由
……
产生,存在于 ( 其后接原因)
单句语法填空
(
1
)
Our effort resulted
success.
(
2
)
The failure resulted
his laziness.
(
3
)
A powerful typhoon hit our town
,
(
result
)
in great damage.
单句写作
(
4
)
His great discovery
(缘于)
his determination
and devotion to science.
(
5
)
Stress and tiredness often ____________________________
(导致)
a lack of concentration.
in
from
resulting
resulted from/lay in
result in/lead to/contribute to
词汇七
a number of
许多,大量的
◆教材原句
A number of the satellites record data on land and weather patterns.
大量的卫星记录了陆地和天气模式的数据。
◆要点必记
· a number of
(许多,大量的)
+
可数名词复数
+
复数谓语
· the number of
(
……
的数量)
+
可数名词复数
+
单数谓语
◆一言助记
If you want to be number one
,
you must be better than a number of students in your school. The number of these students is at least one thousand. Moreover
,
you should have a good memory and keep in mind a great number of phone numbers
,
door numbers
,
etc.
你如果想成为第一,一定要比学校里的许多学生优秀。这些学生的人数至少为
1000
人。此外,你应该有好的记忆力,记住大量的电话号码,门牌号等。
单句语法填空
(
1
)
Up to now
,
a large number of new houses
(
build
)
for those who lost their homes in the terrible earthquake.
(
2
)
During the last three decades
,
the number of people taking part in physical fitness programs
(
increase
)
sharply.
(
3
)
An increasing number of students
(
be
)
choosing to go abroad to study every year.
(
4
)[
2019·
山东师大附中高一期中]
A large number of people
(
be
)
fluent English speakers
,
and the number of people learning English
(
be
)
increasing rapidly.
have been built
has increased
are
are
is
单句写作
(
5
)
(大量)
soldiers were sent to rescue the people trapped in the earthquake.
(
6
)
(毕业生人数)
in our university this year is 2
,
000.
A large number of
The number of graduates
词汇八
as a result
所以;结果(是)
◆教材原句
As a result
,
space-based science has helped farming...
因此,以空间为基础的科学帮助农业
……
◆要点必记
as a result
所以,结果(是)
as a result of
由于
result from
起因于
result in
导致,造成
◆词语辨析
as a result
与
as a result of
·as a result“
因此,结果(是)”,单独使用,一般放在句首,后面常加逗号。
·as a result of“
作为
……
的结果,由于”, 后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
辨析填空(
as a result/as a result of
)
(
1
)
He had some bad fish.
,
he felt ill this morning.
(
2
)
He can’t take part in the sports meeting
his serious injuries in an accident.
单句写作
(
3
)[词汇复现]
After he took charge of the company
,
the business didn’t
pick up.
____________
(结果),
people left the company one after another.
As a result
as a result of
As a result
词汇九
regularly adv.
经常;定期地
◆教材原句
They have also helped companies make better heart monitors and other machines that doctors
regularly use.
他们还帮助企业生产更好的心脏检测器和医生经常使用的其他机器。
◆要点必记
work out/exercise regularly
经常锻炼
eat breakfast regularly
定期吃早餐
◆词语积累
regular
adj.
定期的;有规律的
on a regular basis
定期地
单句语法填空
(
1
)
If you want to keep fit
,
you can exercise
(
regular
)
in a gym.
(
2
)
In her spare time
,
she
(
regular
)
took her son to the museums.
单句写作
(
3
)
If it is a sport or athletic skill
,
perform the activity
(定期地)
.
regularly
regularly
on a regular basis
词汇十
limited
adj.
有限的
◆教材原句
Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited.
把我们星球的照片看作是在黑暗的海洋中一个岛屿的照片,这使人们意识到我们星球的资源是有限的。
◆要点必记
limited time
有限的时间
limited space
有限的空间
limited company
有限责任公司
◆词语积累
limit
n. & vt.
限制
set a limit to/on
限制,控制
within
(
the
)
limits
不超出限度
There be no/a limit/are limits to/on... ……
是无限的
/
有限的。
limit... to...
把
……
限定在
…… be limited to
限定在
…… limitless
adj.
无限的
单句语法填空
(
1
)
Time is
(
limit
),
so we must get down to work now.
(
2
)
Henry is a man of
(
limit
)
ability
,
so the manager won’t allow him to take charge of the department.
(
3
)
The universe is becoming bigger all the time
,
so it is
(
limit
)
.
(
4
)
There is a limit
what one person can do.
单句写作
(
5
)
What’s more
,
culture shock
(不局限于)
the overseas visitors.
单句翻译
(
6
)你如果努力的话,成就无可限量。
______________________________________________________
limited
limited
limitless
to
is not limited to
There is no limit to what you can do if you are hardworking.
词汇十一
provide for sb.
提供生活所需
◆教材原句
In order to provide for such a rapidly increasing population
,
scientists are trying to find other planets that could one day be our new home.
为了满足增长如此迅速的人口需求,科学家们正在努力寻找其他可能成为我们新家园的行星。
◆要点必记
provide for sth.
为
……
做好准备
provide sb. with sth.
把某物提供给某人
provide sth. for/to sb.
为某人提供某物
◆归纳拓展
向某人提供某物
offer sb. sth. =offer sth. to sb. supply sb. with sth. =supply sth. to sb.
单句语法填空
(
1
)
My father provides
our family by working in an IT company.
(
2
)
We must provide
the needs and safety of all passengers.
(
3
)
After the earthquake
,
the first thing the local government did was to provide accommodations
______the homeless families.
(
4
)
I don’t think the experiment is a failure
,
because it has provided us
valuable experience for future tests.
单句翻译(一句多译)
(
5
) 父母应该为他们的孩子们提供一个良好的教育。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
for
for
for/to
with
Parents should provide their children with a good education./Parents should provide a good education
for/to their children.
词汇十二
at present
目前;现在
◆教材原句
The greatest attention at present is on Mars because it is closer to Earth.
目前最受关注的是火星,因为它离地球较近。
◆
学法点拨
at present
常与一般现在时或现在进行时连用。
◆归纳拓展
at the present time
目前
for the present
暂时;暂且;就目前而言
the present situation
目前的形势
the people present
在场的人
be present at the elections
出席选举
present sth. to sb./present sb. with sth.
向某人颁发某物
单句语法填空
(
1
)
present
,
the World Health Organization warns that millions of people are suffering from indoor air pollution.
(
2
)
It is useless arguing about the matter
,
the present at least.
(
3
)
I
(
get
)
along well with my new classmates at present.
(
4
)
We presented him
a gift in appreciation of
(感谢)
all he had done for us.
单句写作
(
5
)
At present
,
they
(正在研发)
the flying car.
(
6
)
In
(当今世界),
we teenagers are living under great stress.
At
for
am
getting
with
are developing
the present world
词汇十三
closing
(
1
)
adj.
结尾的;结束的 (
2
)
n.
停业;关闭;倒闭
◆教材原句
In closing
,
exploring space provides the world with many different benefits.
最后, 探索太空给世界带来了许多不同的好处。
◆要点必记
(
1
)
in closing
最后
closing date
截止日期
closing time
(酒店、餐馆、商店等)打烊时间;停止营业时间
(
2
)
get/be close to
靠近;接近
单句语法填空
(
1
)
The
(
close
)
date for the application is April 30.
(
2
)
At the
(
close
)
ceremony
,
they gave us a wonderful performance.
单句写作
(
3
)
(最后),
daydreaming helps you to know yourself better.
(
4
)
Don’t
(靠近)
the dog
,
because it is fierce.
closing
closing
In closing
get close to
词汇十四
run out
用完,耗尽(不及物动词词组)
◆教材原句
It is necessary to find a new home for people in space
,
as the resources on Earth will run out.
为人们在太空中找到一个新家是有必要的,因为地球上的资源将 耗尽。
◆要点必记
run out
用完,耗尽(不及物动词词组,无被动语态)
run out of
用完,耗尽(及物动词词组,有被动语态)
use up
用完,用尽(及物动词词组)
give out
用完,用尽(不及物动词词组)
◆一言助记
Her money has run out and she is also running out of patience.
她的钱已经用完了,她的耐心也快耗尽了。
单句语法填空
(
1
)
We must take measures quickly because time is running
.
(
2
)
He has run out
all the energy.
(
3
)
He has used
all the money his parents gave him.
(
4
)
After so long a walk
,
all his strength gave
.
单句写作
(
5
)
Food supplies in the flood-stricken area
(要用光了)
. We must act immediately before there’s none left.
(
6
)
With money
(用完),
I had to call my mother to ask her for some.
out
of
up
out
are running out
running out/run out of
词汇十五
attach vt.
系;绑;贴;参加;与
……
有关联;认为有重要性
◆教材原句
While landing
,
they must attach themselves to something so as to prevent floating around.
着陆时,他们必须把自己固定在某物上,以防止四处飘荡。
◆要点必记
attach... to...
把
……
固定在
/
附在
……
上
attach
(
great/little
)
importance/significance/ value/weight to
认为
……
(很有
/
几乎没有)重要性
/
意义
/
价值
/
分量
◆词语积累
attached
adj.
附加的;附属的;依恋的
be attached to
喜欢;附属于;为
……
工作
◆误区警示
以上
attach
短语中的
to
均为介词,后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
单句语法填空
(
1
)
Attach a recent photo
the application form.
(
2
)
To be honest
,
a lot of people attach great importance
becoming rich and famous.
(
3
)
My youngest brother is attached
collecting cars.
单句写作
(
4
)
With a label
(贴在)
each piece of luggage
,
it is easy for passengers to recognize their own luggage.
(
5
)
My parents always
(非常重视)
my getting a good education.
(
6
)
The school
(附属于)
Beijing Normal University.
to
to
to
attached to
attach great importance to
is attached to
重点句式
句式一
whether...or...
不管
……
还是
……
◆教材原句
Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions
,
whether to Mars or other planets much further away.
世界各国正在花费数十亿美元和大量时间进行各种太空任务,无论是到火星还是更远的其他行星。
◆要点必记
whether...or...
“不管
……
还是
……”
,引导让步状语从句,表示在从句所提供的两种选择之下,主句所表示的结果相同。
◆归纳拓展
连接并列结构的句式有:
both... and...
既
……
也
…… not only... but also...
不但
……
而且
……
either... or...
或者
……
或者
…… neither... nor...
既不
……
,也不
…… not... but...
不是
……
,而是
……
单句语法填空
(
1
)
Mrs. Green doesn’t know whether her daughter is in New York
in London.
(
2
)
The bears live in outdoor forest cages big enough to let the animals decide whether to play together
stay away from each other most of the day.
(
3
)
Neither Jackson
his parents were invited to the party last night.
(
4
)
Bob refused the job offer
,
not because he didn’t like it
,
because the salary was low.
单句写作
(
5
)
Alice can
(不但)
dance
(而且)
sing.
or
or
nor
but
not only
but also
句式二 倍数表达法
◆教材原句
Olympus Mons
,
the largest volcano on Mars
,
is about twice as high as Mount Qomolangma.
奥林匹斯火山是火星上最大的火山,高度大约是珠穆朗玛峰的两倍。
◆
要点必记
(
1
)
A +be +
倍数
+ as +
形容词原级
+ as B.
(
2
)
A +be +
倍数
+
形容词比较级
+ than B.
(
3
)
A +be +
倍数
+ the size/length/width/ height/depth... + of B.
(
4
)
A +be +
倍数
+ what
引导的从句
.
◆学法点拨
两倍用
twice
,三倍或三倍以上用“基数词
+ times”
表达。
单句语法填空
(
1
)
This river is five times
(
long
)
than that one.
(
2
)
This bridge is twice the
(
wide
)
of that one.
(
3
)
This room is three times as big
that one.
一句多译
我们的新学校是原来学校的三倍大。
(
4
)
_______________________________________________
(
5
)
______________________________________________
(
6
)
_______________________________________________
(
7
)
_______________________________________________
longer
width
as
Our new school is three times as big as the old one.
Our new school is three times bigger than the old one.
Our new school is three times the size of the old one.
Our new school is three times what it used to be.
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