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UNIT 1 FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS
Section B Reading and Thinking
词汇一
range
(
1
)
n
.
一系列;范围,界限
(
2
)
vi.
包括;(在一定范围内)变化
◆
教材原句
They have a wide
range
of origins
,
such as the seasons of the year
,
religions
,
famous figures
,
and important events.
它们有着广泛的起源,如一年中的季节、宗教、著名人物和重要事件。
◆
要点必记
a
(
wide/whole/full
)
range of
一系列的;各种各样的
a range of services
一系列服务
in/within range of
在
……
的范围内
out of/beyond range of
超出
……
的范围
range from...to.../range between...and...
在
……
范围内变化
题组练
·
领悟方法
核心词汇
单句语法填空
(
1
)
The telescope is
our price range. We can afford it.
(
2
)
The masterpiece is
range of my knowledge and I can’t understand it.
(
3
)
The boots range in price
$
25 to
$
100.
单句写作
(
4
)
The school offers
(各种各样的)
after-school activities to the school kids.
(
5
)
It’s difficult to find a house
( 在我们的价格范围内)
.
(
6
)
He has had a number of different jobs
,
________________________________
(从海员到演员)
.
within
beyond
from
a wide range of
in/within our price range
ranging from sailor to actor
词汇二
origin
n.
起源;起因;出身
◆
教材原句
They have a wide range of
origins
,
such as the seasons of the year
,
religions
,
famous
figures
,
and important events.
它们有着广泛的起源,如一年中的季节、宗教、著名人物和重要事件。
◆
要点必记
have one’s origin
(
s
)
in
起源于
in origin
本质上,从起源上看
by origin
依原始位置;由于
……
的起源
◆
词语积累
original
adj.
原来的,起初的
originally
adv.
原来,起初
单句语法填空
(
1
)
The family had its origin __________Canada.
(
2
)
After much discussion they settled on the plan __________
(
origin
)
proposed.
单句写作
(
3
)
Many words in the English language are French ____________
( 从起源上看)
.
in
originally
in origin
词汇三
figure
(
1
)
n.
人物;数字;身材 (
2
)
vt.
认为;认定;计算
◆
要点必记
keep one’s figure
保持身材
watch one’s figure
注意保持身材
have a good figure
身材好
figure out
弄懂;计算出
figure in
把
……
列入计算
figure
(
that
)
...
认为
……
figure skating
花样滑冰
◆
图解助记
写出画线部分的含义
(
1
)
She is a leading
figure
in the music industry.
(
2
)
They have
figured out
how much they will spend on the construction of the hospital.
(
3
)
It’s important for the
figures
to be updated regularly.
(
4
)
You’ll lose your slim
figure
if you don’t pay attention to your diet.
单句写作
(
5
)[
2017·
北京卷]
If you don’t understand something
,
you may research
,
study
,
and talk to other people until you
(弄清楚)
.
(
6
)
We
(把
……
算了进去)
the travel expenses but forgot the cost of meals.
人物
计算出
数字
身材
figure it out
figured in
词汇四
joy
n.
高兴;喜悦
...all over the world
,
the spirit of sharing
joy
,
gratitude
,
love
,
or peace is common in all festivals. ……
在世界各地,分享欢乐、感恩、爱心或和平的精神在所有节日中都是共同的。
◆
要点必记
to one’s
(
great
)
joy
令某人(非常)高兴 的是
bring joy to sb.
给某人带来欢乐
jump for joy
高兴得跳起来
be filled with joy
be full of joy
充满欢乐
单句语法填空
(
1
)
One can never learn all there is to know about cooking
,
and that is one of the _________
(
joy
)
of being a chef.
(
2
)
They were singing and dancing to celebrate the
(
joy
)
occasion.
(
3
)
his joy
,
he was selected as a player of the football team.
单句写作
(
4
)[词汇复现]
The
riddles
at the party
(给我们带来了欢乐)
.
(
5
)
The reunion with my families was
( 充满欢乐)
and happiness.
joys
joyful
To
brought joy to us
filled with joy
词汇五
gather
vi.
聚集;集合
vt
.
聚集;搜集;收割
◆
教材原句
This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been
gathered
in .
这个重要的农业节日是在所有庄稼都收割完毕后举行的。
◆
要点必记
gather in
收割,收获
gather round/around
聚集,集合
gather together
聚集起来,合拢
gather up
采集,收拾
gather information
收集资料
gather speed/force
加快速度
/
加大力量
gather one’s courage
鼓起勇气
◆
词语辨析
gather
与
collect
·gather“
集合,聚集”,指从各处聚集而来。
·collect
指有目的地选择并系统地收集,侧重于“精心地、有选择地收集”。
◆
一言辨异
I like
gathering
while my younger sister likes
collecting
stamps.
我喜欢聚会,而我妹妹喜欢集邮。
单句语法填空
(
1
)
He gathered
the books and put them away.
(
2
)
Gathering
the fire
,
the tourists danced with the local people.
(
3
)
When all the crops are safely gathered
,
the farmers can rest.
单句写作
(
4
)
We
(采集)
from various sources a great amount of first-hand data.
(
5
)
After all
,
he had to
(鼓起勇气)
to express his love to the girl.
(
6
)
Can you all
(聚过来)
? I’ve got something to tell you.
辨析填空
(
gather/collect
)
(
7
)[词汇复现]
They are
this material at the points of
origin
.
(
8
)
around
,
everyone
,
so that you can see the screen.
up
round/around
in
gather up
gather his courage
gather round/around
collecting
Gather
词汇六
grateful
adj.
感激的;表示感谢的
◆教材原句
People celebrate to show that they are
grateful
for the year’s supply of food.
人们通过庆祝来表达他们对一年粮食自给自足的感激之情。
◆要点必记
be grateful to sb. for sth.
因某事而感激 某人
a grateful letter
感谢信
I would be grateful if you could/would...
(
=I would appreciate it if you could/ would...
)如果你能
……
我将不胜感激。(用于提出请求)
◆
词语积累
gratitude
n.
感激,感谢
gratefully
adv.
感激地
单句语法填空
(
1
)
I’d be very grateful
you could let me know as soon as possible.
(
2
)
Any help or donations will be
(
grateful
)
received.
(
3
)
We are grateful to you
your support.
单句写作
(
4
)[词汇复现]
After the
costume
party they sent us
(一封感谢信)
.
(
5
)
I
(因
……
对你表示感激)
your help when I’m in trouble.
if
gratefully
for
a grateful letter
am grateful to you for
词汇七
feature
(
1
)
vt.
以
……
为特色 (
2
)
n.
特色;特征;特点
◆
教材原句
It
featured
a parade and a great feast with music
,
dancing
,
and sports.
它以游行和伴有音乐、舞蹈和运动的盛大宴会为特色。
◆
要点必记
feature...as
以
……
为特色;由
……
主演
feature in
在
……
方面起重要作用
/
占重要地位
the main/important feature
主要的
/
重要的特征
单句语法填空
(
1
)
interesting feature of the city is the old market.
(
2
)
A study of language should feature
an English literature course.
(
3
)
The film features David
the professor.
单句写作
(
4
)[词汇复现]
She has already
(主演)
two
award
-winning movies this year.
An
in
as
featured in
词汇八
decorate
vt.
装饰;装潢
◆
教材原句
...people
decorate
churches and town halls with flowers and fruit
,
and get together to celebrate over a meal. ……
人们用鲜花和水果装饰教堂和市政厅,并聚餐庆祝。
◆
要点必记
decorate... with...
用
……
装饰
……
be decorated with
装饰着
……
decoration
n.
装饰;装饰品
a table decoration
餐桌装饰物
单句语法填空
(
1
)
We decorated the dragon boat
pictures of all kinds of animals.
(
2
)
With its simple
(
decorate
),
the main bedroom becomes a peaceful place.
单句写作
(
3
)
They
the apartment
(用
……
装饰)
streamers and party lights.
(
4
)[词汇复现]
All the streets
(装饰有)
colourful flags to
celebrate
the National Day.
with
decoration
decorated
with
are/were decorated with
词汇九
play a role in
在
……
中起作用;参与;在
……
中扮演角色
◆
教材原句
Customs
play a significant role in
festivals
,
but sometimes they can change over time.
习俗在节日中起着重要的作用,但有时它们会随着时间的推移而改变。
◆
要点必记
play an important role/part in
在
……
中起重要作用;在
……
中扮演重要角色
the role/part sb. plays in...
某人在
……
中起的作用
play the role/part of Hamlet
饰演哈姆雷特
◆
归纳拓展
the leading/starring role
主角
a key/vital role
关键
/
至关重要的作用
take on a role of
扮演
……
角色;起
……
作用
单句语法填空
(
1
)
We all think that she has played an important role ___________
carrying out the plan.
(
2
)
It’s our hope that we will play ___________
greater role in the market place and
,
therefore
,
supply more jobs.
(
3
)[
2019·
浙江衢州二中高一期中]
What an interesting role she ___________
(
play
)
in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar.
单句写作
(
4
)
Computers ____________________________
(在
……
中起重要作用)
our daily life.
(
5
)
____________________________
(她起的作用)
in the experiment was very important.
in
a
played
play an important role/part in
The role/part that she played
词汇十
significant
adj
.
有重大意义的;显著的
◆
要点必记
(
1
)
It is significant that... ……
很重要。
a significant difference between...and...
……
和
……
有明显差别
be significant=be of significance
重要的
(
2
)
significance
n.
重要性,意义
attach
(
great/little
)
importance/significance to
认为
……
(很
/
几乎不)重要
the significance of... ……
的重要性
(
3
)
significantly
adv.
有重大意义,显著地
单句语法填空
(
1
)
Your success today may be
(
significance
)
for your whole future.
(
2
)
Eating a good diet
(
significant
)
can lessen the risk of heart disease.
(
3
)
Could you explain to me the
(
significant
)
of this part of the contract?
单句写作
(
4
)
A theory
,
however good it is
,
is
(没有意义)
without being put into practice.
significant
significantly
significance
of no significance
词汇十一
fade
vi.
&
vt
.
逐渐消失;(使)褪色;(身体)变得虚弱
◆
教材原句
...some traditions may
fade
away and others may be established. ……
一些传统可能会消失,另一些可能会建立起来。
◆
要点必记
fade in
(画面)淡入,渐显;(声音)渐强
fade out
(画面)淡出,渐隐;(声音)渐弱
fade into
渐渐融入于
……
fade away
逐渐消失;(身体)变得虚弱
fade up
逐渐增强
fade from
从
……
逐渐消失
单句语法填空
(
1
)
The coastline faded
darkness.
(
2
)
He felt like picking up his studies again
,
but in the days that followed
,
this idea faded
.
(
3
)
In virtual reality
,
the memory of the reality will fade
the user’s mind.
单句写作
(
4
)
With the development of society
,
some traditions
( 逐渐消失)
.
into
away
from
fade away
词汇十二
typical
adj.
典型的;有代表性的;平常的
◆
教材原句
One example is the
typical
Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year.
其中一个例子是具有代表性的燃放鞭炮以驱赶邪灵、庆祝新年的中国春节习俗。
◆
要点必记
be typical of sb./sth.
是
……
的典型
It is typical of sb. to do sth.
某人经常做某事。
◆
词语积累
typically adv.
典型地;代表性地
单句语法填空
(
1
)
Jack is late again. It is typical of him
(
keep
)
others waiting.
(
2
)
The woman she acted in the film is typical
the women in the 1930s.
(
3
)
The factory
(
typical
)
produces 500 chairs a week.
单句写作
(
4
)
The view
(很有代表性)
the people of his generation
.
(
5
)
(她的一贯作风)
to get straight to the point.
to keep
of
typically
is very typical of
It is typical of her
词汇十三
in spite of
不管;尽管
◆
教材原句
Another example is Halloween
,
which slowly became an exciting festival for children
,
in spite of
its religious origins.
另一个例子是万圣节前夕,尽管它有宗教渊源,但它慢慢地成了让孩子们兴奋的节日。
◆
要点必记
in spite of
为短语介词,后跟名词、代词或动名词等,不能跟
that
从句。
◆
学法点拨
·in spite of
,
regardless of
,
despite
是(短语)介词,后跟名词、代词或动名词,不能引导从句。
·
引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管”的连词有
although
,
though
,
as
(引导倒装句)。
单句写作
(
1
)
___________
(尽管)
his old age
,
he was still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.
(
2
)
_______________
(不管)
danger
,
he climbed the tower.
同义句转换
(
3
)
In spite of the heavy rain
,
we went shopping yesterday.
→
________________________________
,
we went shopping
yesterday.
(介词短语)
→
_______________________________
,
we went shopping yesterday.
(状语从句)
In spite of
Regardless of
Regardless of/Despite the heavy rain
Though/Although it rained heavily
词汇十四
take advantage of
利用;欺骗;占
……
的便宜
◆
教材原句
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial
,
with businesses
taking advantage of
the celebrations.
节日变得越来越商业化,因为商家利用了庆祝活动。
◆
要点必记
advantages and disadvantages
利弊
be at an advantage
处于优势
be at a disadvantage
处于劣势
to one’s advantage/disadvantage
对某人有利
/
不利
have an advantage over
比
……
有优势
单句语法填空
(
1
)
We should take advantage
every chance to practise our spoken English.
(
2
)
The situation is clearly
our advantage.
(
3
)
The members of our team are more experienced and we have an advantage
their team.
单句写作
(
4
)
She is
(处于优势)
as her English is better than other applicants.
(
5
)
I’m going to
(利用)
this tour to explore the history of the castle.
of
to
over
at an advantage
take advantage of
词汇十五
reflect
v
.
显示;反映;反射;认真思考;沉思
◆
教材原句
They
reflect
people’s wishes
,
beliefs
,
faiths
,
and attitudes towards life.
它们反映了人们的愿望、信念、宗教信仰和对生活的态度。
◆
要点必记
reflect on/upon
思考;反思
reflect back
反射;把
……
如实地反映出
reflect from
从
……
反射出
reflect in
在
……
中反射出来;在
……
中反映出来
reflect deeply/seriously
深思
/
认真思考
◆
词语积累
reflection
n.
映像;反射;反映;沉思
单句语法填空
(
1
)
Sean’s strong love for his country
(
reflect
)
in his recently published poems.
(
2
)
We should reflect
the likely reactions of the market before we act.
(
3
)
Usually a child’s behaviour is a
(
reflect
)
of his family environment.
单句写作
(
4
)
In my view
,
the manager had enough time to
( 反思)
his failure.
(
5
)
You should
(认真思考)
what you are to do in the future.
is reflected
on
reflection
reflect on
reflect seriously on
词汇十六
belief
n.
信仰;信心;信任
◆
要点必记
One’s belief is that...
某人相信
/
认为
…… It is one’s belief that...
某人相信
/
认为
……
in the belief that...
相信
…… have belief in
相信
……
,信任
……
beyond belief
令人难以置信
contrary to popular belief
与普遍的看法相反
◆
学法点拨
同根词搭配的介词大多数情况下相同。
believe in sb. = have belief in sb.
信任某人
be different from = differ from
与
……
不同
◆
词语积累
disbelief
n.
不相信;怀疑
单句语法填空
(
1
)
The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total
(
believe
)
that you are better than anyone else on the sports field.
(
2
)
It is my belief
we can rely on ourselves to solve the problem.
(
3
)
He listened in
(
belief
)
to this extraordinary story.
单句写作
(
4
)
He is very reliable. I
(相信)
him.
(
5
)
( 与普遍的看法相反),
there is no evidence that what you look like makes much difference to your life.
belief
that
disbelief
have belief in
Contrary to popular belief
词汇十七
faith
n.
宗教信仰;信任;相信
◆
要点必记
have faith in
相信;信任
put faith in
抱有信心
break faith
背信弃义;失信
◆
词语积累
faithful
adj.
忠实的,守信的
faithfully
adv.
忠实地
单句语法填空
(
1
)
How much should we put faith
anti-aging products?
(
2
)
We are all
(
faith
)
listeners to the program.
单句写作
(
3
)
The public never
(相信)
his ability to handle this job.
in
faithful
have faith in
词汇十八
occasion
n.
特别的事情(或仪式、庆典);(适当的)机会;场合
◆
教材原句
They are
occasions
that allow us to relax and enjoy life
,
and forget about our work for a little while.
这些场合让我们放松和享受生活,暂时忘记工作。
◆
要点必记
(
1
)
on occasion
有时,偶尔
on one occasion
曾经
on this/that occasion
在这种
/
那种情况下
on the occasion of
在
……
之际
if the occasion arises
(
= if it becomes necessary
)
如有必要
(
2
)
occasional
adj.
偶尔的,偶然的
occasionally
adv.
有时,偶尔
◆
学法点拨
当
occasion
表示“机会,时间”,作先行词,且关系词在定语从句中作状语时,关系词用
when
;当
occasion
表示“场合”, 作先行词,且关系词在定语从句中作状语时,关系词用
where
。
单句语法填空
(
1
)
this occasion
,
he got a chance to go backstage to meet the actors.
(
2
)
Occasions are quite rare
I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
(
3
)
He made
(
occasion
)
visits to the cinema.
(
4
)
(
occasional
)
she would go to an exhibition of Chinese paintings.
单句写作
(
5
)
The artist will design posters for films
(有时)
.
(
6
)
He was presented with the watch
(在
……
之际)
his retirement.
(
7
)
She shouldn’t have said such rude words
( 在那种情况下)
.
On
when
occasional
Occasionally
on occasion
on the occasion of
on that occasion
词汇十九
have sth. in common
(兴趣、想法等方面)相同;有相同的特征
◆
教材原句
...you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually
have
a lot
in common
after all.
……
你可能会惊讶地发现不同的文化其实有很多共同点。
◆
要点必记
have everything in common
(
with
) (与
……
)一切都相同
have much/a lot in common
(
with
) (与
……
)有许多共同之处
have something in common
(
with
) (与
……
)有一些共同之处
have little in common
(
with
) (与
……
)几乎没有共同之处
have nothing in common
(
with
) (与
……
)没有共同之处
in common with
与
……
一样
单句写作
(
1
)
The only thing we
( 有共同点)
is that we’ve both been to France.
(
2
)
Though they are twin sisters
,
they
(与
……
几乎没有共同之处)
.
(
3
)
The twin brothers
(与
……
有许多共同之处)
each other.
have in common
have little in common
have much/a lot in common with
句式一 “
no matter +
疑问词”引导让步状语从句
◆
教材原句
However
,
no matter how
different they may seem
,
all over the world
,
the spirit of sharing joy
,
gratitude
,
love
,
or peace is common in all festivals.
然而,无论它们看起来多么不同,在世界各地,分享欢乐、感恩、爱心或和平的精神在所有节日中都是共同的。
◆
要点必记
no matter how
意为“不管多么
……
,无论多么
……”
,引导让步状语从句,相当于
however
,此时
however
后接形容词或副词的原级,即“
however +
adj./adv.
+
主语
+
谓语”。
◆
学法点拨
·
“ 疑问词
+-ever”
类词有
whatever
,
whichever
,
whoever
,
whomever
,
wherever
,
whenever
,
however
,它们可引导让步状语从句,通常可以转换为“
no matter+
疑问词”。
·whatever
,
whichever
,
whoever
,
whomever
还可引导名词性从句,此时不能转换为“
no matter+
疑问词”。
重点句式
单句语法填空
(
1
)
No matter __________
you may do
,
do it well.
(
2
)
No matter __________ carefully I explained
,
she still didn’t understand.
(
3
)
No matter __________
Chinese people live or what dialect they speak
,
they can all still communicate in writing.
单句写作
(
4
)
________________________________
(不管你怎么努力尝试),
it is difficult
(
5
)
We promise
(任何参加晚会的人)
a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
(
6
)
Your support is important to our work.
(无论你能做什么)
helps.
(
7
)
(无论她去哪里),
there are crowds of people waiting to see her.
what
how
where
However/No matter how hard you try
whoever attends the party
Whatever you can do
Wherever/ No matter where she goes
句式二
make+ it +
宾语补足语
+
真正的宾语
◆
教材原句
Online shopping websites and social media apps have
made it much easier for the public to spend
more on gifts for their loved ones.
网络购物网站和社交媒体应用程序让公众更容易为亲人在购买礼物方面花费更多的钱。
◆
要点必记
(
1
)
it
作形式宾语时,代替作真正宾语的 动词不定式、动名词、从句,把真正的宾语置于宾语补足语之后。
it
作形式宾语的常用句式是:
主语
+think/feel/make/consider... +it +
n./ adj.
+for/of sb. to do...
。
其中
for/of
引出动词不定式的逻辑主语。
(
2
)
enjoy
,
like
,
dislike
,
love
,
hate
,
prefer
,
appreciate
等动词后接
if
或
when
引导的从句时,通常应先在动词后接
it
作形式宾语。
◆
学法点拨
“
v.
+ it +
宾语补足语
+
真正的宾语”结构可总结为“
6123
结构”:
6
指常用的动词:
think
,
believe
,
make
,
find
,
consider
,
feel
;
1
指形式宾语
it
;
2
指宾补的两种形式:形容词和名词;
3
指真正的宾语的三种常见形式:动词不定式、动名词(宾补是
no good
,
no use
等)和从句。
单句语法填空
(
1
)
No matter where he is
,
he makes
a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
(
2
)
I would appreciate
,
to be frank
,
if you could lend me a hand.
(
3
)
As a doctor
,
I consider it my duty
(
cure
)
the patients of their diseases.
(
4
)[
2019·
四川成都外国语学校高一月考]
I don’t think
possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
(
5
)[
2019·
江苏卷]
The big brains make
harder for the body to move around and consume more energy.
(
6
)
I think it no use
(
argue
)
with him. He is really stubborn.
it
it
to cure
it
it
arguing
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