2020届人教版高考英语大一轮复习专用练习：选修8Unit1课下作业（一_三） 7页

选修8 Unit 1 课下作业（一~三） ‎ 课下作业（一） 考点过关针对练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．In the meantime, mobile online shopping market was booming (处于迅速发展时期) in China, with an annual growth rate of 63.5%.‎ ‎2．It's thoughtful (体贴的) of Suzy to plan everything well before the event.‎ ‎3．I was really upset to find that such a thing should have occurred (发生) in your shop.‎ ‎4．As hiring (雇用) has become more global, both for employers and candidates, video interviewing is a way to speed up the interview process.‎ ‎5．Today an airplane is used sometimes as a means (方法；手段) of advertising.‎ ‎6．We have never doubted of the success of our reform (改革)．‎ ‎7．Whenever it is, we should keep a thankful (感激的) heart towards everything existed.‎ ‎8．Despite (尽管) his frequent absence, Bruce managed to keep up with his studies.‎ ‎9．Grasp (抓住) the main idea of the text, and you will be able to answer the question.‎ ‎10．A strong man will bear hardship (困苦) without complaining.‎ Ⅱ.语境语法填空 ‎1．Ma Xianfu ❶was_elected (elect) as head of township in 1987. To lead the villagers to get rich, he even had hairs ❷shaved (shave) off to show his determination. He was one of those who first ❸grasped (grasp) the country's policy of opening up to the outside world. By ❹reforming (reform) the management system, the local companies were ❺booming (boom). Unfortunately, an accident ❻occurred (occur)．One day, he ❼slipped (slip) on the icy road, and then a car ran him over. People from all sides gathered ❽to_mourn (mourn) the outstanding leader. After his death, many companies began to slide, ❾hiring (hire) fewer and fewer workers. The story ❿indicates (indicate) that a good leader plays a vital role in local economic development. ‎ ‎2．It is a shop that keeps running well ❶by means of creative ideas and concepts. Among the customers, they find, women, especially those with babies, are ❷in the majority. So recently they have marked ❸out an area in their shop where ❹a great many kids can stay with their parents to play. This idea has turned out to be good; many people are thankful ❺to this shop. ‎ Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．镇上的大多数人都大力支持为孩子们建造运动场的计划。(majority)‎ The_majority_of_people_in_the_town_strongly_support the plan to build a playground for children.‎ ‎2．他的态度表明他对你的所作所为很不高兴。(indicate)‎ His_attitude_indicates_that he is not very happy with what you are doing.‎ ‎3．不要被许诺让你快速减肥的产品欺骗了。(take in)‎ Don't_be_taken_in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.‎ ‎4．靠那样微薄的一份工资他难以维持生活。(make a life)‎ It's hard for him to make_a_life_with_that_little_salary.‎ ‎5．我获悉了你对英语校报的改革方案，那就是我写信发表观点的原因。(why引导的表语从句)‎ I read about your reform of the school English newspaper, and that's_why_I'm_writing_to_voice_my_opinion.‎ Ⅳ.语境辨义 根据语境选出grasp的词性和词义 ‎(A)vt.明白；领会　　　　　　 (B)vt.抓住(机会)‎ ‎(C)n.掌握；控制 (D)vt.抓紧 ‎1．I am not afraid of making mistakes and I grasp every opportunity to improve myself.__B__‎ ‎2．He grasped my hand and shook it warmly.__D__‎ ‎3．It took him some time to grasp that he was now a public figure.__A__‎ ‎4．Don't let the situation escape from your grasp.__C__‎ 课下作业（二） 话题阅读培优练 Ⅰ.根据提示填空 Abraham Lincoln was born in a log cabin in Kentucky on February 12, 1809. When he was a small boy, his family moved to the frontier of Indiana. Here, his mother taught him ❶to_read (read) and write. Lincoln had very little formal education, but he became one of the ❷educated (educate) men of the Great West.‎ When Lincoln was a young man his family moved to the new state of Illinois. Lincoln had to ❸earn_a_living (谋生) at an early age, but in his leisure time he studied law. He soon became one of the ❹bestknown (最出名的) lawyers in the state capital at Springfield, Illinois. It was here that Lincoln became famous for his debates with Stephen A. Douglas on the subject of ❺slavery (slave)．‎ In 1860, Lincoln ❻ was_elected (elect) President of the United States. He was the candidate of the new Republican Party. This party opposed the ❼creation (create) of new slave states. Soon after his election, some of the Southern states withdrew from the Union and ❽ set_up (建立) the Confederate States of America. This action brought on the terrible Civil War which lasted from 1861 to 1865.‎ Ⅱ.片段选词填空 live， religious purposes， the European mainland， build， defeat， intelligent， great work， stand ‎ Scholars do not know when the first people arrived in what is now Britain.But they do know that there were people ❶living on the British Isles about 10,000 years ago.Scientists believe that the sea was lower at that time, and what is now the island of Great Britain was part of ❷the_European_mainland.‎ These people of the British Isles ❸built large monuments with stones.Scholars believe they built the monuments for ❹religious_purposes or as astronomical calendar.The most famous among the monuments, called Stonehenge，was built more than 3,000 years ago, and now still ❺stands near Salisury.This huge monument tells us that these people were quite ❻intelligent and skilful, and they knew how to organize themselves to do ❼great_work together.‎ Then about 700BC，the Celts came across the channel to the British Isles.The Celts were a great people who lived in much of western and central Europe at the time.They ❽defeated the natives of the island and made them members of their tribes.‎ 课下作业（三） 高考语篇提能练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 ‎(2019·石家庄模拟考试)You don't have to be a fan of math to get excited about Pi (“π”) Day.While the event may start with some calculations, it is more than likely to conclude with a slice or two of delicious pie.The holiday is held every March 14, because “π” is widely recognized as 3.14.‎ The tradition of honoring “π” began at San Francisco's Exploratorium museum.On March 14, 1988, physicist Larry Shaw convinced his colleagues to mark the day by marching around one of the museum's circular spaces and consuming fruit pies.The celebration was made official in 2009 when the U．S.House of Representatives set aside March 14 as Pi Day.‎ Today, Pi Day is observed in many creative ways.‎ Students at the California Institute of Technology in Los Angeles host a pieeating event, which begins at 1：59 a．m.and features 26 pies, each of five different flavors.Though that might seem random, the date (3.14), time (159), number of pies (26), and number of varieties (5) recreate the first nine digits of “π”：3.14159265!‎ Students applying for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge eagerly wait for the day every year to find out if they have been accepted.However, instead ‎ of sending out the offers at 3：14 p．m., the institution waits till 6：28 p．m.6.28 is referred to as “tau”， which is “π” multiplied by 2.The number is believed to be much more reliable than “π” by some experts and even has its own celebration on June 28.Since 2017, MIT has also used Pi Day as a fundraiser to support its students, departments and programs.‎ This day is also Albert Einstein's birthday, so the town of Princeton, New Jersey, where Einstein lived until his death in 1955, celebrates the occasion with multiday festivities that end on March 14.Visitors can participate in concerts, shows, as well as pieeating, pirecitation, and Einsteinlookalike contests.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了圆周率日的起源、发展和各地的庆贺活动。‎ ‎1．Where was Pi Day originally celebrated?‎ A．In San Francisco.　　　　 B．In Los Angeles.‎ C．In Cambridge. D．In Princeton.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The tradition of honoring ‘π’ began at San Francisco's Exploratorium museum.”可知，该传统开始于美国旧金山探索馆，故A项正确。‎ ‎2．When was Pi Day made an official holiday?‎ A．In 1955. B．In 1988.‎ C．In 2009. D．In 2017.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The celebration was made official in 2009 when the U．S.House of Representatives set aside March 14 as Pi Day.”可知，2009年，美国众议院正式将3月14日定为圆周率日，故C项正确。‎ ‎3．What does MIT do on Pi Day according to the passage?‎ A．Inform applicants of application results.‎ B．Conduct a calculating test.‎ C．Organize a march around the campus.‎ D．Make desserts of different flavors.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第五段第一句可知，每年申请麻省理工学院(MIT)的学生们急切地等待着这一天，想要知道他们是否被录取。据此可知，麻省理工学院在这一天告知申请者申请结果，故A项正确。‎ ‎4．What's the author's purpose in writing the text?‎ A．To advise. B．To make an introduction.‎ C．To argue. D．To give an explanation.‎ 解析：‎ 选B　写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了圆周率日的起源、发展和各地的庆贺活动。故B项正确。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎(2019·陕西质检二)Americans use many expressions with the word “dog”. People in the United States love their dogs and treat them well. __1__ However, if a person lives an unhappy life, they say that person leads a dog's life.‎ Some people say we live in a dogeatdog world. __2__ They say that to be successful, a person has to work like a dog. This means they have to work very hard. This can make people dogtired. And, the situation would be even worse if they became sick as a dog.‎ ‎__3__ This means that every person enjoys a successful period during his or her life. To be successful, people often have to learn new skills. Yet, some people say that you can never teach an old dog new tricks. They believe that older people do not like to learn new things.‎ ‎__4__ People who are unkind can be described as a junkyard dog. Junkyard dogs live in waste yards. They bark or attack people who try to approach their property.‎ Dog expressions are also used to describe the weather. The dog days of summer are the hottest days of the year. A rainstorm may cool the weather. __5__ We do not want it to rain cats and dogs.‎ A．Still, people say every dog has its day.‎ B．But we do not want it to rain too hard.‎ C．Some people are compared to dogs in bad ways.‎ D．Dogs are their best friends and they are loyal to people.‎ E．There are many other expressions waiting for you to explore.‎ F．That means many people are competing for the same things.‎ G．They take their dogs for walks, and give them good food and medical care.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国人使用许多关于“狗”这个词的表达及其具体例子。‎ ‎1．选G　空前说美国人爱狗，善待狗，而G项说他们带着他们的狗散步，给它们良好的食物和医疗照顾，是对上文的具体描述，符合逻辑，故选G。‎ ‎2．选F　空前说有些人说我们生活在一个自相残杀的世界，而F项意思是“许多人在竞争同样的东西”，前后语义衔接，其中a dogeatdog world与competing for相呼应，故选F。‎ ‎3选A　空后意思是“每个人在各自的生活中都有一段成功的时期”，而A项说尽管如此，人们还是认为人人皆有得意时，是对下文的概括，其中a successful period与every dog has its day相呼应，故选A。‎ ‎4．选C　空后说不友好的人可以被描述成垃圾狗，而C项说有些人以某种坏的方式被比作狗，前后逻辑一致，其中空后是对C项的具体描述，故选C。‎ ‎5．选B　空前说暴风雨可能使天气凉爽，而B项说但是我们不希望雨下得太大。前后形成转折，且rain too hard与rain cats and dogs相呼应，故选B。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 Visiting Xi'an was once my dream.It became a reality when I was admitted to a training course in China along with two other __1__ (lady)．Finally, the day arrived __2__ I landed at Xianyang International Airport in early August.As soon as I landed, I __3__ (feel) a change in the atmosphere.I saw people standing in queues __4__ (wait) for their turn at the immigration desk.Afterwards, we were transported to the office in the International Exhibition Center.China had invited participants __5__ twentythree developing countries to share digital television broadcasting techniques with them.‎ In my 20 days in Xi'an, I got the opportunity to observe Chinese culture closely, __6__ thus it left an unforgettable mark on me.Now, Xi'an is like my second home.Since I came back to Pakistan, I have been missing Xi'an __7__ (bad)．‎ My 20day stay in Xi'an was __8__ great experience.It was a learning opportunity, and also a chance to __9__ (broad) my understanding of diversity.I learned that despite differences of colors, heights, races and religions, all human beings __10__ (tie) by the bond of humanity, and that the future of nations is global with development and peace.‎ 语篇解读：作者通过去西安参加一个培训课程的经历，增加了对中国文化的了解，并感叹文化是不分国界和种族的。‎ ‎1．ladies　考查名词复数。数词two后应接可数名词的复数形式，故填ladies。‎ ‎2．when　考查状语从句。句意：八月初，当我降落到咸阳国际机场时，那一天终于到来了。设空处引导时间状语从句，故填when。‎ ‎3．felt　考查动词时态。根据从句时态提示词“landed”并结合语境可知，主句也应用一般过去时，故填felt。‎ ‎4．waiting　考查非谓语动词。此处为“see＋宾语＋宾补”复合结构，wait与people之间为主动关系，且wait表示的动作正在进行，要用现在分词作宾补，故填waiting。‎ ‎5．from　考查介词。设空处表示“来自……”，故填介词from。‎ ‎6．and　考查连词。分析句子结构可知，句中不缺少成分，且空格前后是两个并列分句，且是递进关系，故填and。‎ ‎7．badly　考查副词。修饰谓语动词have been missing应用副词，故填badly。‎ ‎8．a　考查冠词。experience作“经历”讲时，是可数名词，因此此处用不定冠词表示泛指。故填a。‎ ‎9．broaden　考查动词。不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填broaden，意为“增长；扩大”。‎ ‎10．are tied　考查动词时态和语态。主语human beings与谓语动词tie之间为被动关系，且主语是复数，故填are tied。‎ Ⅳ.概要写作 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。‎ A psychologist once said, “If you've overcome every one of your fears, congratulations — you're dead.” This humorous saying points to a simple truth — no one can escape fear completely.‎ However, fear can be a good thing. It is a natural, healthy reaction to danger. In fact, sometimes we are afraid of things that aren't dangerous, such as public speaking, failing a test, or being rejected. These unhealthy fears can keep us from achieving our dreams. So how can we successfully face our fears?‎ First, admit what you fear and then share it with someone you trust. Perhaps you worry that others would look down on you if they know what you fear, but you might be surprised at how many other people share the same fears. Learning you are not the only one who fears something will give your selfesteem (自尊心) a push. Second, ask yourself, “What is the worstcase scenario (最坏的情况)？” This question can help you gain understanding. If you think about it, the worst might not be that bad after all. Compared with the fear of losing a competition or being turned down, the regret of having missed opportunities can be even harder to bear. Even worse, you will never know what you might have accomplished. Finally, take small steps toward overcoming your fears. If you fear public speaking, start by giving a small talk to a few people. If your talk doesn't go well, try again. Each small success will increase your confidence and persistence (坚持), which is one of the keys to success.‎ You might never completely overcome your fear of certain things, but what is important is that you can bring yourself to do what you fear. True bravery is that you feel afraid but still do what you have to do anyway. It's also true that you struggle with fear and don't let your fears stop you from getting the most out of life.‎ 参考范文：‎ Fear, either response to danger or a barrier to success, is unavoidable, but it can be handled properly as follows. (要点1) Acknowledging what you fear and letting trustworthy people know are the first step and then consider the worst situation to get a better understanding of it. (要点2) Finally, it's also important to make efforts step by step against the fear. (要点3) Though fear can't be defeated thoroughly, you should face and struggle with it bravely to achieve the greatest gains from life. (要点4)‎