【英语】2019年高考英语二轮牛津译林版真题技巧点拨学案：专题五书面表达第一讲Word版含答案 7页

第一讲 │ 提高语言表达技巧 高考书面表达最高档次的评分标准中，要求“词汇丰富，有修辞意识，显示出较强的语言运用能力”。因此要想在高考英语写作中取得高分，就必须使用一定的高级词汇和句式，为文章增加闪光点，避免单一、呆板的句式，从而增添语言表达的多样性和灵活性，提高文章的档次。‎ ‎1.肯定不如双否好 修辞的使用在写作中是很大的亮点，双重否定也是种修辞，可以在文章中设计双重否定的句子。‎ ‎[典例]　The postman comes on time every day.‎ ‎→The postman never fails to come on time every day.‎ ‎[典例]　He believes that he has enough time to challenge himself.‎ ‎→ He believes that it is never too late to challenge himself.‎ ‎[典例]　Ms.Li spent a wonderful time with us，but we know that we should thank her for all her hard work and guidance very much.‎ ‎→Ms.Li spent a wonderful time with us，but we know that we cannot thank her enough for all her hard work and guidance.‎ ‎[典例]　I quite agree with this view.‎ ‎→I can’t agree more with this view.‎ 应用类似的修辞会在高考中为考生加分。‎ ‎2.陈述不如倒装妙 在写作中阅卷老师喜欢看到的高级语法共有五种：倒装、强调、从句、独立主格或分词结构以及虚拟语气。倒装是一种最简单易行的使句子呈现亮点的方法。在高中阶段只需掌握倒装的四种形式，足以应对写作，如何应用倒装，有很多方法和技巧。‎ ‎(1)否定词开头 ‎[典例]　I will never marry you.‎ ‎→Never will I marry you.‎ 其他的否定词，如not，seldom，hardly等开头的句子倒装都是比较好的句子。‎ ‎(2)地点状语开头 ‎[典例]　Our library is in the center of our school.‎ ‎→In the center of our school lies our library.‎ ‎[典例]　There are some flowers on the bank.‎ ‎→On the bank stand some flowers.‎ 在表达地点时就把地点状语放在句首，后面进行主谓倒装，这样做的好处之一是倒装本身就是高级结构，第二是倒装后把真正的主语放到了句子的末尾，后面还可以继续加从句，使整个句子呈现更多的亮点。‎ ‎[典例]　In the center of our school lies our library，which is between the garden and the teaching building.‎ ‎(3)only＋介词短语 ‎[典例]　We can live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings only in this way.‎ ‎→Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.‎ ‎ (4)形容词＋as＋主语＋谓语动词 ‎[典例]　Although I felt disappointed at the shabby campus and the poorly-equipped classroom，I found the teachers patient and considerate.‎ ‎→Disappointed as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorly-equipped classroom，I found the teachers patient and considerate.‎ ‎[典例]　Although our country is rich，we have a lot of problems.‎ ‎→ Rich as our country is，we have a lot of problems.‎ 还有其他的倒装结构：‎ ‎[典例]　So glad am I to hear from you.‎ ‎3.主动不如被动巧 在英文中，被动语态的使用很重要。因为英语中经常用被动语态，汉语中经常用主动语态；英语中经常用物称或形式主语开头，强调一件事发生在什么人身上，而汉语经常用人称开头强调一个人发生了什么事。所以使用被动语态符合英语的习惯，如果能将整个文章中两个句子变成被动语态，就会呈现出丰富的句型，整篇文章也生动起来。‎ ‎[典例]　Then we will cut the cake and we’ll sing songs and play games.‎ ‎→Then the cake will be cut and we’ll sing songs and play games.‎ ‎ 4.分词结构不能少 在所有的高级语法中，阅卷老师最喜欢看到的是独立主格和分词结构，其实几乎所有的状语从句都可以变成独立主格或分词结构。‎ 如何变成独立主格或分词结构呢？学会下面的口诀，如果你的作文中有状语从句，马上可改成独立主格或分词结构这个最大的亮点。口诀：一去，二看，三改。一去：去连词；二看：看主语；三改：改分词。‎ ‎[典例]　If such is the case，you should apologize to her.‎ 第一步，去掉连词if；‎ 第二步，看前后两句话的主语，前后主语不一致，所以要改成独立主格；‎ 第三步，改分词，is变成分词是being，所以最后变成：Such being the case，you should apologize to her.‎ ‎[典例]　Ms.Li entered the classroom，and he was surprised to find we were standing in line，clapping hands and saying loudly “Happy Teachers’ Day！”‎ ‎→Entering the classroom，Ms.Li was surprised to find we were standing in line，clapping hands and saying loudly “Happy Teachers’ Day！”‎ ‎[典例]　I saw them on the bus; I felt a kind of satisfaction.‎ ‎→ Seeing them on the bus，I felt a kind of satisfaction.‎ ‎1.合并句子(丰富结构)‎ ‎·Not only can I improve my oral English but also I learn some customs in western countries.‎ ‎·For one thing，they help to improve my writing skills and broaden my horizons.For another，they can enrich my life and provide me with great fun.‎ ‎2.改变语态(避免单调)‎ ‎·Besides，I am a book-lover and the books are so well kept that they are as good as new.‎ ‎3.使用省略(达到言简意赅的效果)‎ ‎·If so，please keep quiet about it because we want to give him a surprise.‎ ‎4.使用强调句型(突出语意)‎ ‎·My experience tells me that it is not what you are given but how you make use of it that determines who you are.‎ ‎·It is for these reasons that I finally made my choice.‎ ‎·It’s because of this and my effort in class that I managed to get the first place in the English Contest held recently in our school.‎ ‎5.使用倒装句(增强说服力)‎ ‎·So suddenly did he catch the disease that the whole family were at a great loss.‎ ‎6.使用虚拟语气(提出建议，委婉表达，易于接受)‎ ‎·She would have never thought a complete surprise was waiting for her.‎ ‎7.使用with复合结构(丰富句式)‎ ‎·The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring，with the sun shining and birds singing.‎ ‎8.使用状语从句(强调谓语或句子)‎ ‎·Whenever I had difficulties，they were always available.‎ ‎9.使用定语从句(表意丰富)‎ ‎·In 2012，he who was praised by his teacher for being good at arranging time received his fourth degree through learning on the Internet.‎ ‎·Last but not least，my physics teacher is my role model，whose influence on me had a lot to do with my decision.‎ ‎10.使用名词性从句(体现扎实的语言功底)‎ ‎·Not to mind what others say so long as we are confident in what we have done.‎ ‎·My English is just OK and the two main problems in my study are that I feel it difficult to learn words by heart，and that I often feel nervous when speaking English.‎ ‎11.使用非谓语动词(不定式、现在分词、过去分词以及动名词的使用，可使句式多样化)‎ ‎·What’s worse，they spat and even threw rubbish into the lake，totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby.‎ ‎·Su Hua and Li Jiang bumped into each other，trying to catch the ball.‎ 一、用复合句完成下列句子 ‎1.一个人要是不努力，就将一事无成。(状语从句)‎ Nobody can achieve anything of real significance unless__he__works__hard.‎ ‎2.与逃逸的司机相比，我为我所做的感到自豪。(宾语从句)‎ Compared with the escaped driver，I am proud of what__I__did.‎ ‎3.不可否认的事实是，环境污染越来越严重了。(同位语从句)‎ No one can deny the fact that__the__environment__is__getting__polluted__more__and__more__seriously.‎ ‎4.使我印象最深的是他们都经过了专业培训。(主语从句与表语从句)‎ What__impressed__me__most was that__they__had__had__professional__training.‎ ‎5.鞋在我们的生活中起着重要作用，因为它们能够保护我们的脚免受伤害。(状语从句)‎ Shoes play an important role in our life，for__they__can__protect__our__feet__from__being__hurt.‎ ‎6.我最大的爱好是读书看报，这已经成为我日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。(定语从句)‎ My favorite hobbies are reading books and newspapers，which__have__become__a__necessary__part__of__my__daily__life.‎ ‎7.众所周知，由于全球气候变化，地球正变得越来越暖和。(定语从句)‎ As__we__all__know/As__is__known__to__all，the earth is becoming warmer and warmer due to the global climate change.‎ ‎8.我们到了一座小山，山脚下有一条小河在流淌。(定语从句)‎ We arrived at a hill，at__the__foot__of__which__there__flows__a__small__river.‎ ‎9.只要我们有坚强的信念，就能够克服任何困难。(状语从句)‎ As__long__as__we__have__a__strong__will，we’ll be able to get over any difficulty.‎ ‎10.每当见到有人需要帮助时，我就会尽力去帮助他。(状语从句)‎ Whenever__I__see__someone__in__need，I will spare no effort to help him.‎ 二、按要求升级下列句式 ‎1.After we had practiced playing basketball for almost two months，we strongly desired to be the winner.(用分词作状语改写句子)‎ ‎→Having__practiced__playing__basketball__for__almost__two__months，we__strongly__desired__to__be__the__winner.‎ ‎2.As the society develops rapidly，it’s necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer.(用with复合结构改写句子)‎ ‎→With__the__society__developing__rapidly，it’s__necessary__for__us__to__have__a__good__knowledge__of__English__and__computer.‎ ‎3.They are experienced，knowledgeable，patient and understanding.(用not only...but also...并列句型改写句子)‎ ‎→They__are__not__only__experienced__and__knowledgeable，but__also__patient__and__understanding.‎ ‎4.We should speak more English.We think it is very important.(用it作形式宾语改写句子)‎ ‎→We__think__it__very__important__to__speak__more__English.‎ ‎5.I realized the importance of English when I entered senior high school.(用强调句型改写句子)‎ ‎→It__was__when__I__entered__senior__high__school__that__I__realized__the__importance__of__English.‎ ‎6.The children can grow up mentally and physically healthy only in this way.(用倒装句改写句子)‎ ‎→Only__in__this__way__can__the__children__grow__up__mentally__and__physically__healthy.‎ ‎7.The local government didn’t realize the problem until the river was seriously polluted.(用倒装句改写句子)‎ ‎→Not__until__the__river__was__seriously__polluted__did__the__local__government__realize__the__problem.‎ ‎8.It’s time for us to take measures to protect endangered animals.(用虚拟语气改写句子)‎ ‎→It’s__time__that__we__took/should__take__measures__to__protect__endangered__animals.‎