【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习考点讲解学案之周周测（五） 19页

周周测(五)‎ 第一部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A ‎[2019·烟台高考诊断性测试]‎ Dogs and humans have been living sidebyside for about 15 000 years, but there are tons of facts about dogs that perhaps we have never heard of.‎ Night vision Dogs have good night vision. Their large pupils let more light in and the rods(视杆细胞) work better in poor light. But the biggest factor is the tapetum(反光组织), which reflects light at the back of the eye. Besides, dogs' whiskers(胡须) also help them “see” in the dark because they pick up on very small changes in air, providing dogs with information about the size, shape, and speed of things nearby.‎ Secret tail code Dogs can use their tails to communicate. They wag their tails to the right when they are relaxed or happy, and to the left when nervous or threatened. When they're aggressive, the tails will stick straight up in the air. A broad wag is friendly while a slow wag is neutral, neither excited nor anxious.‎ Dreams We often see a dog's body making sudden movements in its sleep. Dogs have the same brain wave patterns as humans' while they are asleep, so they dream just like we do.‎ Super nose Dogs can find their way home despite long distances. Their noses are a vital part of their incredible sense of direction. The part of a dog's brain that controls smell is 40 times larger than humans'. They're able to follow smells for miles. Furthermore, dogs have an amazing ability to recognize the smells given off by the abnormal cells in human bodies, including cancer. This is something ‎ scientists are eager to explore further. And interestingly, a dog's “fingerprint” is on its nose. The patterns on dogs' noses are so distinct that they can actually be used to identify the animals.‎ A sixth sense Dogs act strangely before something bad, like a storm or earthquake, happens, for they are sensitive to low frequencies that humans can't sense. So don't let their strange behavior go unnoticed next time. It could save your life.‎ ‎【文章大意】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于狗的一些信息。‎ ‎1．Which of the following indirectly helps dogs see well in the dark?‎ A．Their rods. B．Their tapetum.‎ C．Their whiskers. D．Their pupils.‎ 答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。由第二段第四句Besides, dogs' whiskers(胡须) also help them “see” in the dark because they pick up on very small changes in air, providing dogs with information about the size, shape, and speed of things nearby.可知，狗的胡须能间接帮助它们在黑暗中看清东西，故正确答案为C。‎ ‎2．If a dog holds up the tail, it indicates ________.‎ A．happiness B．attack ‎ C．friendliness D．relaxation 答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。由第三段第三句“When they're aggressive, the tails will stick straight up in the air.”可知，当狗的尾巴笔直竖起时，它们有攻击性，故正确答案为B。‎ ‎3．What hasn't been discovered about a dog?‎ A．Why it can sense natural disasters.‎ B．Why it has an acute sense of smell.‎ C．What emotions it shows with its tail.‎ D．How it can smell humans' illnesses.‎ 答案与解析：‎ D　考查细节理解。该题问的是有关狗的信息还有什么没有被发现。根据最后一段第一句可知，狗能感受到自然灾害是因为它们能感知到人类无法感知的低频率；根据第五段第三句可知，狗有敏锐的嗅觉是因为狗的大脑里控制嗅觉的部分比人类的要大40倍；根据第三段内容可知，狗的尾巴可以表达它的情绪；根据第五段倒数第三、四句可知，狗如何能嗅到人类的疾病还需要进一步的探索，故正确答案为D。‎ B ‎[2019·洛阳、许昌高三质量检测]‎ Looking back on my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made.‎ Although we were all brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental maths.‎ I have only the unmemorable memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a crystal clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds, and above all the insects.‎ I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other people's observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books, which some might honour with the title of scientific research.‎ But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist: One of the outstanding and essential qualities required is selfdiscipline, a quality I lack. A scientist requires not only selfdiscipline but all training, determination and a goal. A scientist, up to a point, can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine the two, you get the best of both worlds.‎ ‎【文章大意】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过自身的经历明白了一个道理：博物学家是天生的，而科学家则是可以后天培养的。‎ ‎【熟词生义】　result常用义：n.结果 例句：His views are the direct result of the time he spent in Africa.他的观点是他在非洲那段日子的直接产物。‎ 本句义：v.产生；造成 例句：The cyclone has resulted in many thousands of deaths.气旋已经造成了成千上万的人死亡。‎ ‎【难句分析】　But I do have a crystalclear memory of the dogs, the farm animals，the local birds，and above all the insects.‎ 分析：本句是一个强调句，对句子的谓语have进行强调，助动词do放在谓语之前。‎ 译文：但是我确实非常清楚地记得那些狗，农场的动物，当地的鸟类，尤其是昆虫。‎ ‎4．What impressed the author deeply during his childhood?‎ A．Wildlife. B．Music.‎ C．Languages. D．Literature.‎ 答案与解析：A　考查细节理解。根据第三段最后一句“But I do have a crystal clear memory of the dogs，the farm animals，the local birds，and above all the insects”可知，作者在童年时，印象深刻的是那些野生生物，故选A。‎ ‎【干扰项分析】　根据第二段最后两句“Unlike them，I had no ear for music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental maths”可知，B、C、D三项错误，故排除。‎ ‎5．Why can't the author remember his relatives clearly?‎ A．He didn't live with them for long.‎ B．The family was extremely large.‎ C．He was fully occupied with observing nature.‎ D．He was too young when he lived with them.‎ 答案与解析：C　考查推理判断。根据第三段最后一句“But I do have a crystal clear memory of the dogs，the farm animals，the local birds，and above all the insects”可推知，作者童年时期过于专注自然界而对周围的亲戚并不是很在意，所以没有深刻的印象，这与第四段第二句中的“I have a strong love of the natural world”呼应，故选C。‎ ‎6．According to the author, what personality should a born naturalist have first of all?‎ A．Being knowledgeable. B．Being selfdisciplined.‎ C．Being full of ambition. D．Being full of enthusiasm.‎ 答案与解析：D　考查推理判断。根据第四段前两句“I am a naturalist, not a scientist.I have a strong love of the natural world，and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations”‎ 可知，作者从小热爱自然界，而且这种热情促使作者不停地去探索，成了一个博物学家。由此可推知，一个天生的博物学家首先要充满热情，故选D。‎ ‎7．Why does the author say he is a naturalist, not a scientist?‎ A．He thinks he lacks some quality required of a scientist.‎ B．He thinks he has much trouble doing mental arithmetic.‎ C．He thinks he comes up with solutions in a most natural way.‎ D．He thinks he just reads about other people's observations.‎ 答案与解析：A　考查细节理解。根据最后一段第一句“But curiosity，a keen eye，a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist：One of the outstanding and essential qualities required is selfdiscipline，a quality I lack”可知，作者认为自己只是一个博物学家而不是一个科学家是因为自己缺乏成为科学家的必备素质，故选A。‎ C ‎[2019·洛阳、许昌高三质量检测试卷]‎ ‎“Time is a problem for kids，” states a news report for a new Swiss watch. Children in some countries “learn time slowly”because “they don't wear watches” and “parents don't really know how to teach them time”. The kids grow up with this handicap and become adults — and then can't get to work on time. Is there an answer to this problem? Of course — it's the Flik Flak, made by a famous Swiss watch company.‎ The Flik Flak is being marketed as a teaching watch for children aged 4 to 10. The watch itself does not teach kids how to tell time, and of course it merely “controls their imagination” by presenting the “hour” hand as a beautiful red girl named Flak and the “minute” hand as a tall blue boy named Flik. Flik points to corresponding blue minute numbers on the dial, while Flak points to red hour numbers, which is supposed to teach young children how to tell time.‎ The watch comes equipped with a standard battery and a nylon band. Peter Lipkin, the United States sales manager for the Flik Flak, calls it “Kidproof”： if it gets dirty you can throw the whole watch in the washing machine. The product is being sold in select department stores in Europe, Asia and the United States for a suggested price of $25. Parents who buy the watch may discover that it is one thing for kids to tell time; and it's quite another for them to be on time.‎ ‎【文章大意】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一款可以教孩子们看时间的手表。‎ ‎【难句分析】　Flik points to corresponding blue minute numbers on the dial，while Flak points to red hour numbers，which is supposed to teach young children how to tell time.‎ 分析：本句是一个复合句。while引导状语从句，表对比；which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰前面整个句子。‎ 译文：Flik指向表盘上相应的蓝色分钟数字，而Flak则指向表盘上红色的小时数字，这应该能教孩子们如何看时间。‎ ‎8．Why does the writer use the question in the first paragraph?‎ A．To stress the role of time.‎ B．To draw readers' attention to the topic.‎ C．To emphasize parents' importance to kids.‎ D．To invite readers to answer it.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查推理判断。根据第一段以及对全文的整体理解可推知，第一段的问题目的是吸引读者的注意力，从而导入本文的主题，故选B。‎ ‎9．What does the underlined word “handicap” in the first paragraph refer to?‎ A．Children's lack of concept of time.‎ B．Children's conflict on time with parents.‎ C．Parents' overreaction to children's unpunctuality.‎ D．Parents' neglect on children's education.‎ 答案与解析：A　考查推理判断。根据第一段第二句和画线词所在句中的“and then can't get to work on time”可推知，由于缺乏时间概念，这些孩子们长大后上班不能准时，故选A。‎ ‎10．How does the watch contribute to teaching children how to tell time?‎ A．By being decorated with different fairies.‎ B．By arranging the face in a fantastic order.‎ C．With creative designs effective on children.‎ D．With the colorful “minute” hand and “second” hand.‎ 答案与解析：C　考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“it merely ‘controls their imagination’ by presenting the ‘hour’ hand as a beautiful red girl named Flak and the ‘minute’ hand as a tall blue ‎ boy named Flik... which is supposed to teach young children how to tell time”可推知，这款手表的特色在于其特别的设计，这有利于“控制孩子们的想象力”，从而让其对时间有一定的概念，故选C。‎ ‎11．What does Peter Lipkin think of the watch?‎ A．It's effective in teaching children time.‎ B．It's the children's favourite watch.‎ C．It can be easily damaged.‎ D．It's adaptable and durable.‎ 答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据最后一段第二句“Peter Lipkin, the United States sales manager for the Flik Flak, calls it ‘Kidproof’： if it gets dirty you can throw the whole watch in the washing machine”可知，Peter Lipkin认为这款表适应性强且持久耐用，故选D。‎ ‎【干扰项分析】　Peter Lipkin并没有提到与A项、B项相关的信息；C项与最后一段第二句“Peter Lipkin, the United States sales manager for the Flik Flak, calls it ‘Kidproof’： if it gets dirty you can throw the whole watch in the washing machine”相悖，故排除。‎ D ‎[2019·陕西省部分学校摸底检测]‎ Scientists are preparing to launch the world's first machine to clean up the planet's largest mass of ocean plastic.‎ The experts believe the machine should be able to collect half of the detritus in the patch — about 40,000 metric tons — within five years. In the past few weeks they have been busy welding together giant tubes that will sit on the surface of the sea and form the skeleton of the machine, creating the largest floating barrier ever made.‎ The system, originally dreamt up by Mr. Slat, will be shipped out this summer to the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, between Hawaii and California, which contains estimated 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic. It will be the first ever attempt to tackle the patch since it was discovered in 1997.‎ Mr. Slat was 16 and still at school when he was diving in Greece and first saw for himself the amount of plastic polluting the sea. “There were more bags than fish down there，” he recalls. Two years later he came up with a solution, quit university after six ‎ months and set up The Ocean Cleanup as a company. Mr. Slat says the first plastic to arrive on shore will be a major milestone. “We as humanity created this problem, so I think it's also our responsibility to help solve it，” he says.‎ The Creat Pacific Garbage Patch (GPGP) covers an area of 1.6 million square kilometers and contains at least 79,000 tons of plastic, research found last month. Most of it is made up of “ghost gear” — parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropes — often from illegal fishing vessels.‎ Ghost gear kills more than 100,000 whales, dolphins and seals each year, according to scientific surveys. Seabirds and other marine life are increasingly being found dead with stomachs full of small pieces of plastic. Creatures eat plastic discarded in the sea thinking it's food but then starve to death because they are not feeding properly. Others are trapped and die of starvation or are strangled or suffocated by ghost gear.‎ ‎【文章大意】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界首个海洋垃圾清扫机的发明。‎ ‎【难句分析】　In the past few weeks they have been busy welding together giant tubes that will sit on the surface of the sea and form the skeleton of the machine, creating the largest floating barrier ever made.‎ 分析：这是一个主从复合句。that引导定语从句，在从句中充当主语，指代前面的giant tubes；and连接定语从句中的两个并列谓语；现在分词短语“creating the largest floating barrier ever made”作状语。‎ 译文：过去几周，他们一直在忙于将大型管道焊接在一起，这些管道将被放在海面上，构成机器的骨架，创建出有史以来最大的浮动屏障。‎ ‎12．What does the underlined word in the second paragraph probably mean?‎ A．Waste. B．Ocean.‎ C．System. D．Machine.‎ 答案与解析：A　考查词义猜测。根据第二段画线词前的“collect half of”和第四段第一句中的“first saw for himself the amount of plastic polluting the sea”和第五段最后一句中的“parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropes — often ‎ from illegal fishing vessels”可推知，画线词的意思是“垃圾”，故选A。‎ ‎13．Which one makes up most of the garbage in Pacific from the passage?‎ A．Fishing vessels. B．Dolphins and seals.‎ C．Giant tubes. D．Abandoned fishing gear.‎ 答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据第五段最后一句“Most of it is made up of ‘ghost gear’ — parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropes — often from illegal fishing vessels”可知，太平洋里的大部分垃圾是由废弃的钓鱼用具组成的。‎ ‎14．Why do some creatures in The Great Pacific Garbage Patch die of starvation?‎ A．Because they are killed by ghost gear.‎ B．Because they are suffocated by ghost gear.‎ C．Because they don't like eating plastic.‎ D．Because they are not feeding properly.‎ 答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据最后一段倒数第二句中的“but then starve to death because they are not feeding properly”可知，大太平洋垃圾带的一些生物死于饥饿是因为它们不能合理地进食。‎ ‎15．What is the main idea of the passage?‎ A．A report about the death of marine life.‎ B．News about the first machine to clean up ocean plastic.‎ C．Information about ocean plastic.‎ D．The reason for inventing a machine.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查主旨大意。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界首个海洋垃圾清扫机的发明。第一段“Scientists are preparing to launch the world's first machine to clean up the planet's largest mass of ocean plastic”点明了文章的主题，故选B。‎ 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎[2019·惠州高三调研考试试题]‎ ‎ Gratitude is not only an art performed in daily life, but also part of our traditional virtue. Has your mother or friend told you that ‎ you're an ungrateful person? Do you feel unable to appreciate the world or people around you? Are you obsessed with things you don't have instead of being thankful for what you do have? __16__， then you will definitely need to work on being a more grateful person.‎ Showing gratitude has been put forward in the last few decades. __17__. But there are still some tips that help make it possible for you to practice gratitude.‎ Refusing to play the victim is the first step you're supposed to take. __18__. If you want to be grateful, stop complaining to the world, your teachers, your friends and your family about not putting themselves in your shoes, and focus on how much they've helped and cared about you.‎ Volunteering in your community is another effective way to show how grateful you are for what the world has given you. Whether you're helping clean up a local park, working in a soup kitchen, or teaching children or adults in your community to learn to read, your perspective towards life will change positively. __19__.‎ ‎__20__. You shouldn't always be good only to your close friends or family members. You can help a neighbor look for a lost dog. You can also help an old lady carry her groceries. You don't have to search for these opportunities purposely. Sometimes they will present themselves. So when they come, act with generosity. You'll be more grateful for your role played in the world.‎ A．However hard you try to avoid these questions B．If you find yourself involved in one of these circumstances C．Gradually, you'll be more grateful for the chances to repay the society D．Doing a random act of kindness is also a great way of practicing gratitude E．While such encouragement is morally meaningful, it seems to be a little abstract F．Ungrateful persons are always blaming the world for the problems and owing all the faults to others G．When you reflect on your thoughts, feelings, emotions and actions, you are actually reflecting on your values ‎【文章大意】　本文主要对如何践行感恩和培养感恩的心提出了一些建议。‎ ‎16．答案与解析：‎ B　根据上文提到的几个问题中描述的情况，以及空后的“then you will definitely need to work on being a more grateful person”可知，B项符合语境，且B项中的“these circumstances”对应的正是上文提到的几个问题中描述的几种情况。‎ ‎17．答案与解析：E　空处上文是说，近几十年里，表达感恩已经被提出；空后是说，但是，这仍有一些有助于践行感恩的建议。故E项“尽管这种激励从道德上来讲是有意义的，但似乎有一点抽象”符合语境，衔接上下文，且E项中的“such encouragement”与空前一句呼应。‎ ‎18．答案与解析：F　根据该段的主题句“Refusing to play the victim is the first step you're supposed to take”可知，本段讲述了践行感恩的第一个方法。F项中的“blaming the world for the problems and owing all the faults to others”与之对应，且空后一句分析了一个懂得感恩的人应该停止对世界和身边的人抱怨，与F项形成对比，故F项符合语境。‎ ‎19．答案与解析：C　空处上文列举了一系列社区志愿者的服务，这些服务能使人更积极地去看待人生，故C项“逐渐地，你会更加感激有这些回报社会的机会”符合语境。C项中的“the chances”与该段中列举的社区服务相呼应。‎ ‎20．答案与解析：D　根据空处所在位置及文章结构可知，空处为段落主题句，再结合本段的内容可知，本段是讲具体的践行感恩的善行，故D项符合语境。‎ 第二部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节　(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎[2019·唐山高三摸底考试]‎ As usual, I was on duty with my police dog, German Shepherd Finn. Suddenly my breath became thick and fast. In the dark street ahead, I could make out the familiar __21__ of the fleeing suspect, a 16yearold boy.‎ The boy we were __22__ was suspected of an armed __23__， and he just got away under our __24__ several times. “Not this time anyway！” I swore in my mind.‎ I hit an emergency button on my radio for __25__ from the nearest police station as Finn and I approached __26__. The suspect ‎ was just about to climb over a __27__ when I got down in time to __28__ him. The teen __29__ a 10inch hunting knife and stabbed(刺) in my neck. Suddenly, Finn jumped between us, __30__ the suspect's leg. A __31__ knife was pulled out of my dog's chest __32__ I knew what was happening. Though badly __33__， Finn still didn't let go of the boy's leg.‎ I picked the attacker up and __34__ on him on the ground as my colleagues __35__ into the garden. Officers __36__ the attacker, pinning him to the floor. I __37__ Finn to let go, and only then did the dog __38__ its head to the ground.‎ Finn __39__ four hours of emergency surgery and had to have several parts of his lungs removed, but luckily, he made it. The knife had __40__ his heart by millimetres.‎ I am so proud of Finn.‎ ‎【文章大意】　本文主要讲述了作者和警犬一起成功捉拿嫌疑人的故事。‎ ‎【高频词回顾】　make out辨认出，看出　approach v．靠近　be about to do sth.即将做某事 ‎21．A.character B．expression C．shape D．face 答案与解析：C　根据上文中的“make out”及常识可推知，作者当时辨认出嫌疑人熟悉的身形，故选C。‎ ‎22．A.seeing through B．caring for C．bringing up D．searching for 答案与解析：D　根据上文中的“fleeing suspect”及下文中的“he just got away... several times”可推知，这是作者他们正在寻找(searching for)的男孩，故选D。see through“看穿”；care for“照顾”；bring up“抚养”。‎ ‎23．A.robbery B．training C．deed D．performance 答案与解析：A　根据上文中的“suspect”可知，那个男孩是一个嫌疑人，故选A。robbery“抢劫”。‎ ‎24．A.feet B．noses C．arms D．eyes 答案与解析：B　根据下文“‘Not this time anyway！’I swore in my mind”可推知，这个嫌疑人已经在警察的眼皮子底下逃跑许多次，因此作者发誓这次绝不放过他。under sb's ‎ nose“就在某人眼皮底下”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎25．A.order B．call ‎ C．duty D．help 答案与解析：D　根据语境可知，当时作者孤身一人，只有警犬跟着，因此作者按了紧急按钮以向最近的警察局寻求帮助，且下文“my colleagues __35__ into the garden”亦是提示，故选D。‎ ‎26．A.quietly B．carelessly ‎ C．slowly D．madly 答案与解析：A　根据语境可知，作者发出紧急求助后悄悄地(quietly)靠近嫌疑人，生怕打草惊蛇，故选A。‎ ‎27．A.tree B．fence ‎ C．garden D．hill 答案与解析：B　根据下文中的“as my colleagues __35__ into the garden”并结合语境可推知，当时嫌疑人想攀爬过花园篱笆(fence)。‎ ‎28．A.attack B．persuade ‎ C．stop D．arrest 答案与解析：C　根据下文对作者和嫌疑人搏斗的描述可推知，此处指嫌疑人想逃走被作者阻止了，故选C。‎ ‎29．A.carried B．brought ‎ C．took D．pulled 答案与解析：D　与下文“A __31__ knife was pulled out of my dog's chest”呼应可推知，此处指嫌疑人拿出了猎刀朝作者刺了过来。‎ ‎30．A.breaking B．biting ‎ C．squeezing D．pinning 答案与解析：B　根据上文“As usual，I was on duty with my police dog, German Shepherd Finn”可知，Finn是一条警犬，且与下文“Though badly __33__，Finn still didn't let go of the boy's leg”呼应可推知，此处指警犬Finn咬住了嫌疑人的腿，故选B。‎ ‎31．A.bloody B．shabby ‎ C．shiny D．sharp 答案与解析：A　根据下文“pulled out of my dog's chest”‎ 并结合语境可推知，猎刀刺进了警犬的胸膛，刀抽出时是血淋淋的(bloody)。‎ ‎32．A.since B．until ‎ C．before D．when 答案与解析：C　根据语境可推知，当时事发突然，作者还没有反应过来。before “在……以前”符合语境。‎ ‎33．A.beaten B．threatened ‎ C．treated D．wounded 答案与解析：D　根据下文Finn接受手术，被切掉一部分肺可推知，当时警犬受伤(wounded)严重。‎ ‎34．A.pushed B．threw ‎ C．laid D．stamped 答案与解析：D　根据语境及空前的“I picked the attacker up”可知，作者逮捕了嫌疑人，并把他踩(stamped)在地上，故选D。push“推”；throw“扔”；lay“放置”。‎ ‎35．A.rushed B．walked ‎ C．broke D．slid 答案与解析：A　与上文“I hit an emergency button on my radio for __25__ from the nearest police station”呼应可推知，此处指救援队冲进花园帮助作者捉拿嫌疑人。‎ ‎36．A.beat B．challenged ‎ C．surrounded D．covered 答案与解析：C　根据下文“pinning him to the floor”可推知，当时警察把嫌疑人包围了，将他摁在地上。‎ ‎37．A.forced B．signaled ‎ C．allowed D．greeted 答案与解析：B　根据上文“Though badly __33__，Finn still didn't let go of the boy's leg”可推知，作者示意警犬松开嫌疑人。signal“示意”。‎ ‎38．A.rest B．shake ‎ C．put D．drop 答案与解析：D　根据语境可知，当时警犬一直咬着嫌疑人的腿不松口，故可推知在放开嫌疑人的腿之后，受伤严重的警犬倒在了地上，故选D。‎ ‎39．A.checked over B．prepared for C．went through D．took up 答案与解析：C　根据语境可知，警犬接受了四个小时的紧急手术。go through“经历”。‎ ‎40．A.missed B．hit C．touched D．cut 答案与解析：A　根据上文“Finn __39__ four hours of emergency surgery and had to have several parts of his lungs removed, but luckily, he made it.”可知，警犬受伤严重，但手术很成功，由此可推知，此处表示当时刺警犬的那一刀未击中(missed)其心脏，离心脏只有几毫米。‎ 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎[2019·唐山高三摸底考试]‎ Undoubtedly, Britain is a nation of hat wearers. From taking off hats __41__ launching mortar boards(学位帽) in the air, hats have long been associated with ceremonies and practices. Even the history of the country can __42__(tell) through hats.‎ ‎__43__(date) back to medieval England, the flat cap became a symbol of working class culture in the 19th and 20th centuries. The Edwardian era was __44__ golden age of hats, when the decorations became even more delicate, ranging from flowers, birds to fruits. The pork pie hat, starting in the mid19th century, was the __45__(choose) for many welldressed Victorian citizens. Decades later it __46__(gradual) became a key feature of London street style. By the 1960s, though, hats faded out of people's sight because of the rise of private cars. It was the Royal Wedding __47__(hold) in 2011 that contributed to the return of hat wearing. For example, Hat Works Museum — the only museum in Stockport featured in hats and hat making — is __48__(popular) than ever, with a distinct increase among its visitors.‎ ‎__49__ marks Britain out on the world stage is the large number of hats that can be called its own. The variety of hats in Britain __50__(reflect) its multicultural background and rich cultural heritage.‎ ‎【文章大意】　本文简要介绍了英国的帽子发展史。‎ ‎41．答案与解析：to　考查介词。根据空前的“From”及空后的“launching”可知，此处考查固定用法from... to...“从……到……”，故用介词to。‎ ‎42．答案与解析：be told　考查动词的语态。分析句子结构可知，tell和句子主语the history of the country构成被动关系，故谓语用被动形式be told。‎ ‎43．答案与解析：Dating　考查非谓语动词。date和句子谓语became之间没有连词，故用其非谓语动词形式，且固定词组date back to意为“追溯到”，和句子主语the flat cap构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式。‎ ‎44．答案与解析：a　考查冠词。golden age意为“黄金时代”，是可数名词单数形式，其前无限定词修饰，此处在文中第一次提及，且golden的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a修饰。‎ ‎45．答案与解析：choice　考查词形转换。根据语境，且与定冠词the呼应可知，此处用其名词形式。‎ ‎46．答案与解析：gradually　考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故用副词gradually修饰动词became。‎ ‎47．答案与解析：held　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，hold和句子主语the Royal Wedding构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。本句是一个强调句，即：It is＋被强调部分＋that＋句子剩余部分，对句子主语the Royal Wedding进行强调。‎ ‎48．答案与解析：more popular　考查形容词比较级。与语境中的“than”呼应可知，此处用形容词比较级，作is的表语。‎ ‎49．答案与解析：What　考查连接代词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“……的事物”，故用连接代词What。‎ ‎50．答案与解析：reflects　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处为一般性描述，应用一般现在时，且主语为The variety，故此处谓语用第三人称单数形式reflects。‎ 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎[2019·长春监测]‎ One day, when I was about 5 or 6 years old, my parents went to a trip. Grandma seemed so happy to take care of me which she made me a special breakfast. Therefore, I complained about the food she cooked. Grandma quiet put down the bowl and went into the living room. I followed and saw tear in her eyes. It was the first time that I have ever seen my strong grandmother to cry. And I knew I was the one who had caused it. I apologized and asked her to forgive me. She smiled and told me I was good boy even if I didn't feel like one then. That memory will stay in her heart forever, because I learn that ask for forgiveness helps me to learn and grow.‎ 答案：‎ One day, when I was about 5 or 6 years old, my parents went a trip. Grandma seemed so happy to take care of me she made me a special breakfast. ， I complained about the food she cooked. Grandma put down the bowl and went into the living room. I followed and saw in her eyes. It was the first time that I ever seen my strong grandmother cry. And I knew I was the one who had caused it. I apologized and asked her to forgive me. She smiled and told me I was good boy even if I didn't feel like one then. That memory will stay in heart forever, because I learn that for forgiveness helps me to learn and grow.‎ ‎①to改为on/for。考查固定搭配。固定短语go on/for a trip意为“去旅行”，符合语境。‎ ‎②‎ which改为that。考查状语从句。根据语境可知，此处应用固定句型so... that...，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。‎ ‎③Therefore改为However。考查副词。根据语境可知，上下句表示逻辑上的转折关系，不表示因果关系，故用副词However修饰整个句子。‎ ‎④quiet改为quietly。考查副词。修饰动词(短语)一般用副词，故这里用副词quietly修饰动词短语put down，在句子中作状语。‎ ‎⑤tear改为tears。考查名词复数。tear是可数名词，且其前没有限定词，故此处用复数形式，表示“满眼泪水”。‎ ‎⑥have改为had。考查时态。此处考查固定句型“It is/was the first time that＋从句(用完成时)”，结合主句的时态可知，从句应用过去完成时。‎ ‎⑦删除to。考查非谓语动词。see sb.do sth.意为“看见某人做某事”，此处表示看到了整个过程，故用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。‎ ‎⑧good前加a。考查冠词。boy是可数名词，且第一次在语境中出现，故用不定冠词修饰。‎ ‎⑨her改为my。考查代词。根据语境可知，文中指的是作者对这件事记忆深刻，故用第一人称的形容词性物主代词my，与从句中的主语I形成呼应。‎ ‎⑩ask改为asking。考查v.ing形式。分析句子结构可知，helps是从句的谓语动词，从句缺少主语，故应用v.ing短语asking for作主语。‎ 第二节　书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎[2019·郑州一中高三摸底]‎ 假定你是李华，你的家乡剪纸艺术负有盛名，你写了一篇英文宣传稿，想请外籍教师Bob帮助润色。请根据提示，用英语给Bob写一封求助信。内容包括：‎ ‎1．求助事由；‎ ‎2．求助内容；‎ ‎3．表达感激。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎【范文赏读】　‎ Dear Bob，‎ ‎①I'm writing in the hope that you will be kind enough to do me a favor. ②When it comes to papercutting, there is no denying that it enjoys a great reputation in my hometown. For a long time I have been longing to write an appealing article to make it better known. However, only when I put the idea into practice did I find that my English is far from satisfaction.‎ ‎③As far as I'm concerned, you have a good command of written English, which impresses me a lot. Would you like to do me a favor to have my draft polished? I will pay you a visit at your earliest convenience.‎ I would appreciate it if you could take my request into consideration.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎【一句多译】‎ ‎①表达方式一：I'm writing to hope that you will be kind enough to do me a favor.‎ 表达方式二：I'm writing in the hope that you will be so kind that you can do me a favor.‎ ‎②表达方式一：As for papercutting，there is no doubt that it enjoys a great reputation in my hometown.‎ 表达方式二：When it comes to papercutting，undoubtedly，it enjoys a great reputation in my hometown.‎ ‎③表达方式一：In my opinion，you have a good command of written English，which impresses me a lot.‎ 表达方式二：From my point of view，you have a good command of written English，which impresses me a lot.‎