【英语】2020届高考英语二轮新基础语法突破学案2：专题1冠词 12页

课时作业1　冠词 ‎(建议用时　35分钟)‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The project will take us a whole day, so we'll have to have ________ working lunch in the office.‎ ‎2．I am available to play for any event ranging from birthday parties to private parties to make ________ pleasant atmosphere there.‎ ‎3．The parents were shocked by ________ news that their son needed an operation on his knee.‎ ‎4．I can't tell you the way to the Wilsons' because we don't have ________ Wilson here in the village.‎ ‎5．They chose Tom to be the captain of the team, because they knew he was ________ smart leader.‎ ‎6．When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his balance and had ________ bad fall.‎ ‎7．________ prize for the winner of the competition is a twoweek holiday in Paris.‎ ‎8．Marco Polo is said to have sailed on the Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in ________ thirteenth century.‎ ‎9．It was ________ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ________ night sky.‎ ‎10．As a film star she was a success, but as a wife she was ________ failure, so their marriage ended in ________failure.‎ 答案与解析 ‎1．a　表示三餐的词breakfast, lunch, supper前有修饰词时通常用不定冠词，故working lunch “工作餐” 前加a。‎ ‎2．a　atmosphere(气氛、氛围)为抽象名词具体化，其前用不定冠词，泛指“一种……的气氛”。句意：不管是生日舞会还是私人派对我都可以去演奏，以营造一种宜人的气氛。 ‎ ‎3．the　news后带有that引导的同位语从句，表示特指，应填入定冠词the。 ‎ ‎4．a　姓氏词前用不定冠词，表示一个叫这个名字的人，是泛指，此处意为“村子里没有一个叫Wilson的人”。 ‎ ‎5．a　句意：他们选汤姆当队长是因为他们知道他是一位聪明的领导者。此处填入不定冠词表示泛指，a smart leader意为“一位聪明的领导者”。 ‎ ‎6．a　英语中有些动作名词常与不定冠词搭配，‎ 表示某次具体的动作，此处have a bad fall意为“重重地摔了一跤”。 ‎ ‎7．The　prize被后面的介词短语修饰，应填the特指“获胜者的奖品”。‎ ‎8．the　序数词、方位名词及江河、湖泊、海洋、山脉、群岛等地理名词前常用定冠词the。‎ ‎9．a; the　考査冠词用法。第一空“一个寒冷的冬夜”，应用不定冠词a；第二空“夜空”，指独一无二的事物用定冠词the。‎ ‎10．a; 不填　failure表示“失败的人或事”时，是可数名词；表示“失败”时，是不可数名词。第一个failure指“失败者”，所以用a。‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．These young people are now making a active effort to beautify our city. ________ ‎ ‎2．It used to be in possession of my uncle, who left it to me in his will. ________ ‎ ‎3．In order to make best of learning materials, the Students' Union of our school is planning an activity. ________‎ ‎4．And with help of the teachers we have made great progress in English. ________ ‎ ‎5．One day we were having a class meeting with a theme of how to get positive energy.________ ‎ ‎6．Thirdly, I've made up my mind to make every effort to ‎ study，because hard work is the key to a success.________‎ ‎7．We have two different opinions.Some students think it's a good idea to keep pets.However, other students are against the idea.________ ‎ ‎8．Then he took them to a nearest hospital for her child to be treated.________ ‎ ‎9．During the summer holiday in Hungary，I went to attend my the first music festival.________ ‎ ‎10．In addition to these tasks，robots will even be able to play the chess and do exercise with people.________‎ 答案与解析 ‎1．a改an　active是以元音音素开头的单词。 ‎ ‎2．possession前面加the　in the possession of 表示“拥有……”。 ‎ ‎3．best前面加the　make the best of 表示“充分利用”。‎ ‎4．help前面加the　句意：在老师们的帮助下，我们在英语方面取得了巨大进步。with the help of sb.( ＝ with one's help)是固定短语，意为“在某人的帮助下”。‎ ‎5．theme前的a改为the　句意：一天我们正在开一个主题是如何获得正能量的班会。of how to get positive energy是对theme的限定，故其前应使用the表特指。‎ ‎6．去掉success前面的a　句意：第三，我下定决心要努力学习，因为努力学习才是成功的关键。此处success是抽象名词，前面不用冠词a。‎ ‎7．other前面加the　句意：我们有两种不同的观点，一些学生认为养宠物是个好主意，然而其余的学生反对这一主意。根据上文中的two different opinions 及 some students 可推知应用 the other students 表示“其余的学生”。‎ ‎8．a改为the　句意：然后，为了她的孩子能被治疗，他把她们送到了最近的医院。形容词最高级前用定冠词。‎ ‎9．first前面的the去掉　句意：在匈牙利的暑假期间，我第一次参加了音乐节。名词前有形容词性物主代词时，后面不需要再加冠词the。‎ ‎10．chess前面的the去掉　句意：除了这些任务以外，机器人甚至能够陪人下棋和锻炼身体。棋类名词前不用冠词，故去掉the。‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 ‎(2019年安徽省黄山市高三质量检测)‎ Throughout the year, a number of Youth Exchanges activities are held by an organization—The International Voluntary Service. These activities give small groups of 45 young people the opportunity to take part in volunteering trips abroad for an average of two weeks. These young people are joined by 45 young people from 34 other nationalities and will be a wonderful intercultural experience in a safe environment.‎ Example Youth Exchanges：‎ Youth Exchange 1‎ Location：Ireland Other nationalities: Spain，Italy，Hungary Theme：Focuses on the topic of community reconstruction and community activities—exploring how local issues facing our communities are connected to global issues. The group will also learn about the ecovillage as an example of a community and take part in teambuilding activities.‎ Youth Exchange 2‎ Location：France Other nationalities: Bulgaria，Italy Theme：Organic gardening & continual living. This project will take place in a natural park，where the group will take part in gardening activities and games about continuous development.‎ Youth Exchange 3‎ Location：Macedonia Other nationalities: Serbia，Turkey，Ireland Theme：Foster(培养) social inclusion(融入)and motivate personal development of young people through sports and outdoor activities. Promote outdoor activities as a tool to help inclusion of young people with fewer opportunities.‎ Youth Exchange 4‎ Location：Italy Other nationalities：Bulgaria，Greece Theme：A socialenvironmental project that intends to promote social inclusion and continuous development，regarded as a process of civil rights and active citizenship. Over 10 days，the group will take part in activities to raise awareness(意识) about the effect of our behavior on the environment.‎ ‎1．What do you focus on when travelling in France?‎ A．Rebuilding communities.‎ B．Gardening work.‎ C．Civil rights. ‎ D．Developing social inclusion.‎ ‎2．If you are interested in protecting the environment，you can take part in ________．‎ A．Youth Exchange 1 B．Youth Exchange 2‎ C．Youth Exchange 3 D．Youth Exchange 4‎ ‎3．Which nationality are Youth Exchanges most popular with?‎ A．France. B．Spain.‎ C．Italy. D．Ireland.‎ 答案与解析 文章大意：这是一篇广告布告类阅读。文章介绍了四个青年交流项目。‎ ‎1．B　细节理解题。答案定位在Youth Exchange 2部分“Location：France Other nationalities: Bulgaria，Italy Theme：Organic gardening &‎ ‎ continual living.”可知在法国旅行时你最关注园林工作，故选B。‎ ‎2．D　细节理解题。答案定位在Youth Exchange 4 部分“Theme：A socialenvironmental project that intends to promote social inclusion and continuous development，regarded as a process of civil rights and active citizenship.”可知如果你对环境保护感兴趣，你可以参加Youth Exchange 4，故选D。‎ ‎3．C　细节理解题。答案定位在Youth Exchange 1部分“Other nationalities: Spain，Italy，Hungary”；Youth Exchange 2部分“Other nationalities: Bulgaria，Italy”；Youth Exchange 4部分“Location：Italy”可知文中四则活动消息，三则都包括意大利，由此可知，该活动在意大利最流行，故选C。‎ Ⅳ.语法填空 ‎(2019年石家庄市高中毕业班教学质量检测)‎ A material can be really special when it was named after the place where it __1__(create)originally.That's certainly the case __2__“china”．And of all types of china，white porcelain(瓷)is among the most famous.‎ Nowadays，the __3__ (tradition)material has taken on a modern look in the __4__ (hand)of four Chinese artists in the Modern White Porcelain Exhibition.And the key word here is“modern”．One of the works __5__ (be)a porcelain boat.But look __6__ (attentive)and you'll see that the boat __7__ (build)with porcelain looks like a takeout box.Inside the boat is a ‎ statue of a baby.The baby stands for humans and the boat is __8__ supports life.It suggests we may have done some damage to __9__ environment and that we're treating life like fast food.‎ All the four artists gave white porcelain a model style，each in __10__ (they)own way.And this is what the exhibition's theme comes from.It's a dialogue between the past and the present.‎ 答案与解析 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了传统的瓷器与现代艺术相结合。‎ ‎1．was created　考查语态。句中主语it与动词create之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。句意：当一种材料以它最初被创造的地方命名时，它会非常特别。故填was created。‎ ‎2．with　考查介词。短语be the case with“……的情况是”。句意：“瓷器”的情况就是这样。故填with。‎ ‎3．traditional　考查形容词。修饰名词material，前用形容词形式。句意：如今，在现代白瓷展上，传统材料在四位中国艺术家手中呈现出一种现代的风貌。故填 traditional。‎ ‎4．hands　考查名词数。名词hand为可数名词，根据four Chinese artists可知，用复数形式。句意：如今，在现代白瓷展上，传统材料在四位中国艺术家手中呈现出一种现代的风貌。故填hands。‎ ‎5．is　考查主谓一致。one of ＋ 复数名词，后接谓语动词用单数形式。句意：其中一件作品是一艘瓷器船。故填is。‎ ‎6．attentively　考查副词。修饰动词look，用副词形式。句意：但是仔细看，你会发现用瓷器建造的船看起来像一个外卖盒。故填attentively。‎ ‎7．built　考查非谓语动词。名词boat与动词build之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。句意：但是仔细看，你会发现用瓷器建造的船看起来像一个外卖盒。故填built。‎ ‎8．what　考查名词性从句。表语从句中，从句缺少主语，故用what引导。句意：婴儿代表人类，而船是生命的支柱。故填what。‎ ‎9．the　考查冠词。句中名词environment为特指，故用定冠词the。句意：它表明，我们可能对环境造成了一些破坏，我们对待生活就像对待快餐一样。故填the。‎ ‎10．their　考查代词。修饰名词，前用形容词性物主代词。句意：四位艺术家都以自己的方式赋予了白瓷一种现代风格。故填their。‎ Ⅴ.短文改错 ‎(2019年石家庄市高中毕业班教学质量检测)‎ Last term, I hosted an exchange student calling Jacob from the Great Britain to our school.He really cares for Chinese Culture.Jacob asked me to show himself around the city on weekends.I took him to many local place of interest and we also go to the theater to watch a show of Peking Opera.He was so attracted by the performance as he decided to learn it.My father happened to know a master of Peking Opera and introduced Jacob to him.Jacob was great honored to be one of his students.Put his heart into ‎ it, Jacob made a rapid progress.When he returned England, he gave a performance, for what he won much admiration from his classmates.‎ ‎ ‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了来自英国的交换生雅各布来到中国后，喜欢上中国的京剧艺术。‎ ‎1．考查非谓语动词。名词student与call之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。句意：上学期，我接待了一位来自英国的交换生雅各布来我们学校。故将calling改为called。‎ ‎2．考查代词。短语show sb.around“带某人四处转转”。句意：雅各布要我周末带他在城里转转。故将himself改为him。‎ ‎3．考查名词数。名词place of interest 为可数名词，根据many修饰可知用复数形式。句意：我带他去了很多地方的名胜古迹……。故将place改为places。‎ ‎4．考查时态。根据文章时态可知，用一般过去时。句意：……我们还去剧院看京剧表演。故将go改为went。‎ ‎5．考查短语。短语so...that...如此“……以至于……”。句意：他被表演所吸引，决定学习它。故将as改为that。‎ ‎6．考查副词。修饰形容词honored，用副词形式。句意：雅各布很荣幸能成为他的学生之一。故将great改为greatly。‎ ‎7．考查非谓语动词。句中逻辑主语Jacob，与put之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。句意：专心投入到京剧中，雅各布取得了快速的进步。故将Put改为Putting。‎ ‎8．考查冠词。名词progress为不可数名词，故不需要冠词。句意：专心投入到京剧中，雅各布取得了快速的进步。故去掉a。‎ ‎9．考查动词。return to sp.“返回某地”。句意：当他回到英国……。故在returned后面加上to。‎ ‎10．考查定语从句。句中先行词performance在非限制性定语从句中作介词for的宾语，故用关系代词which。句意：……他做了一次表演，赢得了同学们的赞赏。故将what改为which。‎