【英语】2020届二轮复习语法专题第七讲交际用语和习语学案 30页

第七讲　交际用语和习语 ‎1.(2019·江苏卷)—Let’s take a coffee break.‎ ‎—________ We’ve been working for hours.‎ A.Why bother? B.What for?‎ C.You got me there. D.You said it.‎ 答案　D　[“You said it.”意为“(同意对方的提议)正合我意”，符合语境。“Why bother？”意为“何必那么麻烦？”；“What for？”意为“为什么？”；“You got me there.”意为“你把我给难住了”。]‎ ‎2.(2018·江苏卷)—You know what? I’ve got a New Year concert ticket.‎ ‎—Oh，________ You’re kidding.‎ A.so what? B.go ahead.‎ C.come on. D.what for?‎ 答案　C　[从对话中的“You’re kidding”可知，此处表示对上一句的内容感到难以置信，因此选择come on，意思是“别逗了，算了吧”。so what“那又怎么样”，go ahead“开始做吧”，what for“为何”。]‎ ‎3.(2018·江苏卷)—What happened? Your boss seems to ________.‎ ‎—Didn’t you know his secretary leaked the secret report to the press?‎ A.be over the moon B.laugh his head off C.be all ears D.fly off the handle 答案　D　[根据对话内容可知，秘书向新闻界泄露了机密的报告，因此老板很生气，故选择fly off the handle“大发雷霆”。be over the moon“欣喜若狂”；laugh his head off“大笑不止”；be all ears“全神贯注地听”。]‎ ‎4.(2017·江苏卷)—What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean?‎ ‎—It’s nothing.Just something ________.‎ A.as clear as day B.off the top of my head C.under my nose D.beyond my wildest dreams 答案　B　[句意：——你T恤上的话是什么意思？——没什么，只是我即兴想出的一些东西。A项意为“一清二楚”；B项意为“不假思索”；C项意为“就在我眼皮底下”；D项意为“出乎意料”。“Just something off the top of my head.”意为“只是随便放的一些东西”，契合前文的“It’s nothing.”。]‎ ‎5.(2017·江苏卷)—Going to watch the Women’s Volleyball Match on Wednesday?‎ ‎—________！Will you go with me?‎ A.You there B.You bet C.You got me D.You know better 答案　B　[ 句意：——周三去看女子排球赛吗？——当然了！你跟我一起去吗？A项意为“表示打招呼”；B项意为“当然”；C项意为“你难住我了”；D项意为“你更加清楚”。B项符合题意。]‎ ‎6.(2016·江苏卷)—Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.‎ ‎—________.Opposites sometimes do attract.‎ A.I hope not B.I think so C.I appreciate that D.I beg to differ 答案　D　[句意：——只有那些有很多兴趣相投的人才能够友好相处。——恕我不同意，有时兴趣相反的人却能相互吸引。根据后面的Opposites sometimes do attract.可知，并不同意对方的说法。I beg to differ我可不同意，符合语境。I hope not我希望不是这样；I think so我认为是这样；I appreciate that我很欣赏，都与语境不符。]‎ ‎7.(2016·江苏卷)—Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job interview.‎ ‎—Lack of self-confidence is his ________，I am afraid.‎ A.Achilles’ heel B.child’s play C.green fingers D.last straw 答案　A　[句意：——杰克仍然忍不住担心他的工作面试。——恐怕缺乏自信是他的致命要害。Achilles’ heel致命要害，child’s play儿戏，green fingers园艺能手，last straw导致失败的最后一击。所以选择A。]‎ ‎8.(2015·江苏卷)—Jim，can you work this Sunday?‎ ‎—________？ I’ve been working for two weeks on end.‎ A.Why me B.Why not C.What if D.So what 答案　A　[句意：——吉姆，这个星期天你能工作吗？ ——为什么是我？我已经连续工作两个星期了。Why me 为什么是我；Why not 为什么不；What if 如果……又能怎样；So what 那又怎样；Why me是“Why do you ask me to work this Sunday”的省略。]‎ ‎9.(2015·江苏卷)—Why didn’t you invite John to your birthday party?‎ ‎—Well，you know he’s ________.‎ A.an early bird B.a wet blanket C.a lucky dog D.a tough nut 答案　B　[句意：——为什么你没邀请约翰参加你的生日聚会？——唉，你知道他是一个令人扫兴的人。an early bird早起的人，早到者；a wet blanket令人扫兴的人或物；a lucky dog幸运儿；a tough nut难对付的，难题。]‎ ‎10.(2014·江苏卷)—________ ！Somebody has left the lab door open.‎ ‎—Don’t look at me.‎ A.Dear me B.Hi，there ‎ C.Thank goodness D.Come on 答案　A　[句意：——天哪！有人忘了关实验室的门！——别看我。A.天哪！表示惊讶；B.嗨！这儿哪！表示打招呼；C.谢天谢地！表示庆幸；D.加油！表示鼓励；根据下文可以看出表示说话人的惊讶，故选A。]‎ 一、“3忌”少失误 ‎1.“一忌”上词下用 上词下用指的是答句部分沿用了题干句子的重点词、信息词，按表层意思似乎合情合理，但往往为错误的“虚像”，需经进一步分析后才能确定正确选项。典型的例子如用“I don’t.”应答“Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.”，用“Don’t be sorry.”回答“I’m sorry I broke your mirror.”，以及用“No thanks.”回答“Thank you so much for the book you sent me.”等等。如何避免“上词下用”的误区，一是确认题目涉及的交际功能项目；二是确认句子上下文语境；三是确认正确的话语方式。‎ ‎2.“二忌”汉式思维 与上词下用比 较，这一误区更具迷惑性，因为无论按题目内容或是按思维方式来考虑，都非常符合汉语的习惯。显然，掌握英汉两种语言和文化之间的相同和相异之处，对于准确解题至关重要。解题失误之一就是按汉语的表达方式和结构去套英语，去选答案，这属于语言知识的“负迁移”。‎ ‎3.“三忌”直接回绝 这主要是指在对方要求得到帮助，提出请求或邀请时，回答过于直接，不够委婉、客气或礼貌，尽管从语义角度分析是没毛病的，但不符合英语国家的交际习惯，所以语法上正确的、汉语上讲得通的不一定就是正确答案。因此，情景对话的正确回答必须遵循“委婉、客气、礼貌”的原则，特别是在作否定回答时，为了表示礼貌和委婉，通常要用一些委婉词：如but，I’m afraid，I’m sorry，thanks，please，had better等等。‎ 二、“3法”得高分 ‎1.熟记常考情景 高考英语常考如下8种情景：询问信息、个人看法、电话、就餐、请求、问候、谈论天气、购物。熟练掌握上述情景的交际方式和常用表达，解决问题就能有的放矢。比如对于道谢及其答语有：Thank you very much./Thanks a lot./It’s kind of you to help me./That’s (It’s) all right./You’re welcome./Don’t mention it./It’s a pleasure./It’s my pleasure.等；对于道歉及其答语：Excuse me./I’m sorry./Pardon me./That’s all right./Not at all./Don’t worry about it./Never mind.等。‎ ‎2.分析题目语言环境，确保用语和谐一致 交际用语的考查主要设置在真实的语境中，做题时要考虑全面，要注意语境的和谐一致。特别要注意上下句的关系，不能只看到题目的一部分就得出结论。特别是对话，要看答语和问句是否一致。‎ ‎3.注意东西方文化差异，不要受汉语思维影响 东西方文化不同，教育不同，思维方式也不一样，表现在交际中也大相径庭。所以要从西方文化角度去思考问题，不要受汉语思维的影响。‎ 一、10年江苏高考常见交际用语 ‎1.Come on ‎(1)(用于命令)赶快，加把劲 Come on! Try once more.‎ ‎(2)(表示知道某人所说的话不正确)得了吧 Oh, come on—you know that isn’t true!‎ ‎2.All right ‎(1)(健康)良好的，安全的 I was ill for a week, but I’m all right now.‎ ‎(2)正确的，对的 The answers were all right.‎ ‎(3)(表示同意) 好，行，可以 A：Will you meet me at ten o’clock? B：All right.‎ ‎(4)(表示讥讽、不耐烦、威胁等)好啊！‎ All right! Then we’ll see who is master here.‎ ‎(5)令人满意的 Is the arrangement all right with you?‎ ‎(6)没有什么，不要紧 It’s all right；there’s no harm done.‎ ‎3.Don’t mention it.(别人道谢时回答)不客气＝You’re welcome.‎ ‎4.So what? 那又怎样？(认为某事无关紧要，尤用于反驳他人的指责时)‎ ‎5.What if? 要是……会怎么样呢？‎ ‎6.What for? 为何目的？‎ ‎7.How come? (用以表示不理解情况是如何发生的，希望得到解释)怎么回事，怎么发生的？‎ ‎8.You bet! 的确，当然，一定 ‎9.Why me? 为什么是我？‎ ‎10.Dear me! 天哪 ‎11.Never mind！(1)(用于安慰)没关系(2)(表示不重要)没关系，无所谓 ‎12.Go ahead! 请吧，说吧 ‎13.Forget it!‎ ‎(1)不必在意；没关系 ‎—I’m sorry I broke your teapot.—Forget it.‎ ‎—Thank you very much for your help.—Forget it.‎ ‎(2)(表示不想重复说过的话)别提它了 ‎(3)休想，不可能 ‎—Any chance of you helping out here?‎ ‎—Forget it.I’ve got too much to do.‎ ‎14.表示感谢，如 Thanks a lot./Thank you for your help./I appreciate your help.‎ 回答可用You are welcome.(Don’t mention it./My pleasure./That’s OK./That’s all right.)‎ ‎15.表示道歉，如Sorry/I’m sorry...‎ 回答可用 It doesn’t matter./That’s OK./It’s all right./OK./Never mind./Forget it.‎ ‎16.介不介意的问答 Would you mind if I smoked here？Do you mind if I smoke here?‎ ‎·不介意 No, of course not./No, not at all./No，go ahead.‎ ‎·介意 Sorry, you’d better not./I’m afraid not./You’d better not./I’d rather you didn’t.‎ 二、其他常见交际用语 ‎1.That’s the case.　　　　情况属实。‎ ‎2.Come off it! 别胡说。/住口。‎ ‎3.Cut it out. 住口。‎ ‎4.You don’t say！/Really? 真的吗？‎ ‎5.No kidding. 不开玩笑。‎ ‎6.Go for it. 努力争取。‎ ‎7.I mean it. 我是认真的。‎ ‎8.I’ll check it. 我核实下。‎ ‎9.Only that there is one. 只知道有这么一个人。‎ ‎10.More often than not. 通常(是这样)。‎ ‎11.It will come to me. 我会想起的。‎ ‎12.Be my guest. 请随意。‎ ‎13.Drop me a line. 给我写封信。‎ ‎14.Count me out. 别算我。‎ ‎15.Allow me. 让我来。‎ ‎16.Don’t get me wrong. 不要误解我。‎ ‎17.Don’t beat around the bush. 不要拐弯抹角。‎ ‎18.You asked for it. 咎由自取。‎ ‎19.Guess what? 猜猜看？你猜怎么着？‎ ‎20.Suit yourself. 随你便；按自己的意愿行事。‎ ‎21.Help yourself. 自便。‎ ‎22.How so? 怎么会这样？‎ ‎23.Let’s call it a day. 今天到此为止。‎ ‎24.You said it. 你说对了。‎ ‎25.You name it. 凡是你说得出的(应有尽有)。‎ ‎26.You never know. 很难说，很难预料。‎ ‎27.Don’t be so mean. 不要这么吝啬。别这么刻薄。‎ ‎28.What a shame! 真是遗憾！‎ ‎29.Take your time. 从容不迫；慢慢来。‎ 三、课本中的习语 ‎1.a piece of cake　　　简单的事，小菜一碟 ‎2.a wet blanket 扫兴的人 ‎3.be all ears 洗耳恭听 ‎4.pull my leg 开我的玩笑 ‎5.have green fingers 园艺能手 ‎6.the top dog 组织中重要的人 ‎7.give sb a cold shoulder ‎ 对某人不友好 ‎8.rain cats and dogs 下大雨 ‎9.not my cup of tea 不是我喜欢的 ‎10.laugh one’s head off 大笑不止 ‎11.(luck) smile on sb 垂青，带来好运 ‎12.hot under the collar 非常愤怒 ‎13.fly off the handle 大发雷霆 ‎14.over the moon 欣喜若狂 ‎15.on cloud nine 非常幸福 ‎16.in seventh heaven 乐不可支 ‎17.feel blue 感到忧郁 ‎18.down in the dumps 非常沮丧 ‎19.as strong as a horse 非常强壮 ‎20.as busy as a bee 非常忙碌 ‎21.as poor as a church mouse 非常贫穷 ‎22.as cool as a cucumber 镇定自若 ‎23.sleep like a log 睡得很沉 ‎24.as white as a sheet (因害怕)面色惨白 ‎25.be tickled pink 乐不可支 ‎26.be in the red 财政赤字，负债 ‎27.be in the black 有盈利，有盈余 ‎28.be green with envy 眼红嫉妒 ‎29.by and by 不久 ‎30.feet of clay 泥足巨人，隐藏的致命弱点 ‎31.see the handwriting on the wall 看见危险预兆 ‎32.kill the fatted calf 设宴款待 ‎33.You reap what you sow. 种豆得豆。‎ ‎34.the apple of one’s eye 掌上明珠；心肝宝贝 ‎35.The early bird catches the worm. 早起的鸟儿有虫吃/捷足先登。‎ ‎36.Great minds think alike, but fools seldom differ. 英雄所见略同。‎ ‎37.Don’t count your chickens until they are hatched. 别过早打如意算盘。‎ ‎38.Make hay while the sun shines. 趁热打铁。‎ ‎39.as dry as a bone 非常干燥；口渴 ‎40.One man’s meat is another man’s poison.‎ ‎＝Different strokes for different folks.‎ 萝卜青菜，各有所爱。/人之鱼肉，我之砒霜。‎ ‎41.be one’s rock ＝ support sb ＝ back sb up ‎ 是某人的靠山/可依赖的人 ‎42.as easy as pie/ABC 十分容易 ‎43.off the top of one’s head 不假思索 ‎44.have butterflies in your stomach 紧张 ‎45.cost an arm and a leg 十分昂贵 ‎46.sink or swim 自生自灭 ‎47.burn the midnight oil 熬夜 ‎48.be in the same boat 处境相同 ‎49.be up and about 起床走动 ‎50.play it safe 谨慎行事 ‎51.have a roof over one’s head 有栖身之所 ‎52.be physically challenged 身体残疾的 四、习语、谚语、典故、委婉语汇总 ‎1.a wet blanket　　　　扫兴的人或事 ‎2.a piece of cake 小菜一碟 ‎3.all ears 洗耳恭听 ‎4.as strong as a horse 力大如牛，很强壮 ‎5.as busy as a bee 忙得团团转 ‎6.as cool as a cucumber 非常冷静 ‎7.as white as a sheet 脸色苍白 ‎8.as sly as a fox 狡若城狐 ‎9.as tall as a tree 很高 ‎10.as sharp as a spear 聪明，思路敏捷 ‎11.as hungry as a lion 极其渴望得到 ‎12.as quickly as a deer 很快 ‎13.a walking dictionary 活字典，活的百科全书 ‎14.as brave as a lion 勇猛 ‎15.as black as coal 墨黑，极黑 ‎16.as clear as day 一清二楚的 ‎17.as mad as a wet hen 非常生气 ‎18.as good as gold 表现很好的；完美无缺 ‎19.as sick as a dog 病得厉害 ‎20.as light as a feather 很轻盈 ‎21.as dry as a bone 干极了 ‎22.as easy as pie/ABC 非常容易 ‎23.as plain as day 非常清楚，显而易见 ‎24.an arm and a leg 大价钱，巨额花费 ‎25.a square meal 一顿美餐 ‎26.a pack of lies 一派胡言；鬼话连篇 ‎27.as happy as Larry 非常高兴 ‎28.a confidential source 线人 ‎29.an incident between sb 争执，打斗 ‎30.a correctional facility 监狱 ‎31.a sacred cow 神圣之物 ‎32.Achilles’ heel 致命弱点 ‎33.a Herculean task 极为艰巨的工作 ‎34.a good Samaritan 乐善好施之人 ‎1.be at a loss for words 难以言表 ‎2.be tickled pink 乐不可支 ‎3.be green with envy 妒忌 ‎4.be a weed 懦弱的人 ‎5.Black is white and white is black.‎ ‎ 黑白颠倒。‎ ‎6.be one’s rock 后盾，支持者 ‎7.burn the midnight oil 开夜车，挑灯夜战 ‎8.be up and about 起来走动 ‎9.be at odds with sb 有矛盾，合不来 ‎10.be economical with the truth ‎ 隐瞒真相 ‎11.body count 死亡人数统计 ‎12.between jobs 失业 ‎13.be over the moon 非常快乐，狂喜 ‎14.Bible 有权威的书 ‎1.cast-ironed nerves 坚定的意志 ‎2.child’s play 轻而易举的事情 ‎3.capital punishment 死刑 ‎4.color the truth 粉饰事实，歪曲事实 ‎5.catch-22 进退维谷的局面；无法摆脱的困境 ‎1.do one’s homework about ‎ 为……做准备 ‎2.dark horse 黑马(出人意外得胜)‎ ‎3.David and Goliath 强弱悬殊；以弱战强 eat like a bird 吃得极少 ‎1.feel blue 感到心情低落 ‎2.feet of clay 致命弱点 ‎3.friendly fire 误杀，误伤(战争中由己方/友军造成的死伤)‎ ‎4.full-figure man 比较胖的人 ‎1.golden years 晚年；流金岁月 ‎2.give sb the cold shoulder ‎ 冷落某人 ‎1.have green fingers 有园艺技能 ‎2.History repeats itself. 历史总在重演。‎ ‎3.have butterflies in one’s stomach ‎ 心慌，紧张 ‎4.hold firm 坚持 ‎5.have special needs 有学习障碍 ‎6.hearing-impaired 聋的 ‎7.Helen of Troy 红颜祸水；害人精 ‎1.in the red 负债 ‎2.in the black 盈利 ‎3.in the same boat 处于同样境地 ‎1.job seeker 求职者 ‎2.job flexibility 弹性工作制 ‎3.Jonah 带来不幸 ‎4.Judas 叛徒 ‎5.Jekyll and Hyde 双重人格 kill the fatted calf 设宴款待 ‎1.leading light 重要人物，中流砥柱 ‎2.lose heart 丧失勇气；心灰意冷 ‎3.late Uncle 去世的叔叔 ‎1.Mother Teresa 对人非常好而仁慈的人 ‎2.Mickey Mouse course 轻而易举 ‎1.no way 不可能 ‎2.out of the question 不可能 ‎3.not in a million years 不可能 ‎4.not all there 某人的行为表现很奇怪，或者是很傻 ‎5.negative profit 亏损 ‎1.one’s cup of tea 喜爱的人或事物 ‎2.on paper 理论上 ‎3.on one’s last legs 垂死；日暮途穷 ‎1.pull one’s leg 开玩笑 ‎2.play it safe 谨慎行事 ‎3.pass away 去世 ‎4.person of interest 疑犯 ‎5.people of color 有色人种 ‎6.Pandora’s box 邪恶之源 ‎7.physically challenged 残疾的；有生理缺陷的 ‎1.rain cats and dogs 滂沱大雨 ‎2.Rome wasn’t built in a day.‎ ‎ 冰冻三尺非一日之寒。‎ ‎3.run like a wind 跑得很快 ‎4.Robin Hood 绿林好汉 ‎1.Shangri-la 世外桃源 ‎2.sleep like a log 熟睡 ‎3.sink or swim 自生自灭 ‎4.shop around 货比三家再买；逐店比较后选购 ‎5.sanitary worker 清洁工 ‎6.senior citizen 老年人 ‎7.Scrooge 吝啬鬼，守财奴 ‎8.Stone Age 石器时代；过时 ‎1.the top dog 首领；老大；魁首 ‎2.the apple of one’s eye 掌上明珠 ‎3.teach a man to fish 授人以渔 ‎4.the best fish 最好的人 ‎5.There is no question. 毫无疑问。‎ ‎6.the man in the street 普通人 visually challenged 盲的，眼瞎的 ‎1.wash one’s hands 上洗手间 ‎2.Waterloo 惨败 ‎1.(2019·扬州中学高三检测)—James has something to do and can’t come tonight.‎ ‎—Well, ________， for he is a wet blanket.‎ A.it’s very kind of you to say so B.that’s a relief C.that’s a problem D.it’s none of your business 答案　B　[句意：——詹姆斯有事，今晚不能来。——总算放心了，因为他是一个令人扫兴的人。根据下文“for he is a wet blanket.”可知这里意思是“总算放心了”，it’s very kind of you to say so你这样说真是太好了；that’s a relief总算放心了；that’s a problem这是一个问题；it’s none of your business这不关你的事，故选B。]‎ ‎2.(2019·苏州中学高三测试)I’m ________ to hear that Bob has asked Mary to marry him；I’ve always thought they were made for each other.‎ A.green with envy B.white as a sheet C.black and blue D.tickled pink 答案　D　[句意：听说鲍勃向玛丽求婚，我高兴极了。我一直认为他们是为彼此而生的。green with envy非常嫉妒；white as a sheet苍白如纸；black and blue遍体鳞伤；be tickled pink非常高兴。此处表示非常高兴，故选D。]‎ ‎3.(2019·泰兴中学高三测试)—Indeed, last month IBM finally gave up its mainframe business, its CEO saying that they had ________， since fewer and fewer people wanted mainframes.‎ A.killed the fatted calf B.seen the handwriting on the wall C.reaped what they had sown D.hired themselves out 答案　B　[句意：事实上，上个月IBM终于放弃了它的大型机业务，它的CEO说他们已经看到了不祥之兆，因为越来越少的人需要大型机。killed the fatted calf热情款待；seen the handwriting on the wall觉察到不祥之兆；reaped what they had sown种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆；hired themselves out受雇于，受聘于。根据fewer and fewer people wanted mainframes可知人们对大型机的需求越来越少，此处表示看到了不祥之兆，故选B。]‎ ‎4.(2019·宿迁市高三期末测试)—Dr.Saxena, a knowledgeable and ever victorious physician, has been down in the dumps these days for his experiment failed again.‎ ‎—Everyone has his ________ and he is not an exception.‎ A.Achilles’ heel B.Daniel in the lion’s den C.Herculean task D.Waterloo 答案　D　[Achilles’ heel薄弱环节；Daniel in the lion’s den大难不死；Herculean task极为艰巨的工作；Waterloo比喻惨败。句意：——Saxena博士是一位学识渊博、曾战无不胜的医生，这些天他的实验又失败了，他情绪低落。——每个人都有失败的时候，他也不例外。结合句意可知答案为D。]‎ ‎5.(2019·江阴市高三期末测试)—So you missed the wonderful lecture given by the famous professor?‎ ‎—________.I got there 10 minutes before it finished.‎ A.You got me there B.You said it C.I hate to say it D.Not exactly 答案　D　[You got me there你难住我了；You said it你算说对了；I hate to say it我讨厌这么说；Not exactly不全是。句意：——这么说你错过了那位著名教授精彩的演讲了？——不完全是。我在它结束前10分钟到达那里。结合句意可知答案为D。]‎ ‎6.(2019·无锡市高三阶段性检测)—That was rather a tough question.How did you get it right?‎ ‎—To tell the truth, I just ________.‎ A.burnt the midnight oil B.was left to sink or swim C.played it safe D.took a shot in the dark 答案　D　[句意：——这个问题是相当难回答的。你是怎么答对的？——说实话，我只是瞎猜的。burnt the midnight oil开夜车；was left to sink or swim孤注一掷；played it safe谨慎行事；took a shot in the dark瞎猜的。D项符合语境。]‎ ‎7.(2019·溧阳市高三期末考试)—Kelly, what do you think of the guy who has a sweet voice?‎ ‎—To be frank, he is ________.‎ A.not the salt of the earth B.not my cup of tea C.a person of interest D.a man in the street 答案　B　[句意：——凯莉，你觉得那个声音甜美的家伙怎么样？——坦率地说，他不是我喜欢的人。not the salt of the earth有坏心眼的人；not my cup of tea 不喜欢或不在意的东西；a person of interest犯罪嫌疑人；a man in the street 普通人。not my cup of tea“不喜欢或不在意的东西”符合句意。故B选项正确。]‎ ‎8.(2019·如东中学高三检测)Your parents have a deep affection for you.Even if they are ________， they can still keep out the wind and rain for you.‎ A.as cool as cucumbers B.as strong as horses C.as poor as church mice D.as busy as bees 答案　C　[句意：你的父母深爱着你，即使他们一贫如洗，仍然为你遮风挡雨。as cool as cucumbers稳如泰山；as strong as horses健壮如牛；as poor as church mice一贫如洗；as busy as bees忙忙碌碌的。由“even if 可知，本句为让步状语从句，结合主从句的句意可知，as poor as church mice“一贫如洗”符合句意。故C选项正确。]‎ ‎9.(2019·启东中学高三测试)—Jack should have calmed down at the party!‎ ‎—But the kids made so much noise that he couldn’t help but ________.‎ A.face the music B.eat like a bird C.mend his ways D.fly off the handle 答案　D　[句意：——杰克本应该在聚会上冷静下来的。——但是孩子们发出了如此大的噪音以至于他情不自禁地勃然大怒。fly off the handle意为“发脾气，勃然大怒”。face the music面对现实，勇于承担责任；eat like a bird饭量小；mend one’s ways改过自新。D选项符合语境。]‎ ‎10.(2019·南通中学期中考试)—Forgotten something? I can keep an eye on your kids if you want to go and get it.‎ ‎—________Thank you all the same.‎ A.It’s very kind of you.‎ B.Oh, how careless of me!‎ C.I might as well go and get it.‎ D.Well, I can do without it.‎ 答案　D　[上一句的意思是：“忘了什么东西了吗？如果你想去拿它的话，我可以帮你照看一下孩子。”通过下一句空格后的答语“仍然要谢谢你”可知，空格处作了否定回答。A项意为“你真是太好了”；B项意为“哦，我是多么粗心呀！”；C项意为“我最好还是去拿吧”；D项意为“哦，我不拿也行”。do without表示“没有……也行”，D项用在空格处符合前后句的逻辑关系，所以答案为D。]‎ ‎11.(2019·海安高级中学高三检测)—I feel terrible.I didn’t do well in the math test.‎ ‎—________.You’re already making progress and will surely learn it well.‎ A.Don’t dream away your time B.Don’t take things for granted C.Don’t put the cart before the horse D.Don’t take it too hard 答案　D　[句意：——我感觉很糟糕。我这次数学考试做得不好。——不要难过，你已经取得进步了，而且肯定会学好的。Don’t dream away your time.不要虚度光阴。Don’t take things for granted.不要想当然。Don’t put the cart before the horse.不要本末倒置。Don’t take it too hard.不要难过。根据句意可知，D选项正确。]‎ ‎12.(2019·南京市高三四校联考)—How come you were half an hour late for my class this morning, Mike?‎ ‎—________ My father’s car broke down halfway.‎ A.Yes, so what?‎ B.No, it’s not my fault.‎ C.Well, who knows?‎ D.Sorry, but I couldn’t help it.‎ 答案　D　[句意：——今天早上上我的课你为什么迟到了半小时，迈克？——对不起，我没办法。我父亲的车半路抛锚了。故选D。]‎ Ⅰ.单项填空 ‎1.(2019·连云港市高三第一次质量检测)‎ ‎—Hi, Bob! Thanks a lot for lending me the money!‎ ‎—________！ Oh, by the way the interest rate is 10%.‎ A.With regards B.With pleasure C.No sweat D.No way 答案　C　[句意：——嗨，鲍勃！——谢谢你借给我钱！——没什么，哦，顺便提醒一下利率是10%。With regards致以问候；With pleasure当然了，很愿意；No sweat没什么，小事一桩；No way绝不。注意with pleasure 用于对还没做的事情的回答。故选C。]‎ ‎2.(2019·徐州市高三第一次质量检测)‎ ‎—Wow! You look funny in that sweater.‎ ‎—My grandmother gave it to me for Christmas.You know，________.‎ A.each bird loves to hear himself sing B.beauty is in the eye of the beholder C.it is the thought that counts D.the outsider sees the most of the game 答案　C　[——哇！你穿那件毛衣看起来很滑稽。——那是我奶奶送给我的圣诞礼物。你知道，礼轻情意重，更重要的是心意。each bird loves to hear himself sing孤芳自赏；beauty is in the eye of the beholder情人眼里出西施；it is the thought that counts礼轻情意重，更重要的是心意；the outsider sees the most of the game旁观者清。故选C。]‎ ‎3.(2019·无锡市普通高中教学质量抽测)—I’m going to Syria.Would you please tell me your experiences there?‎ ‎—________.Let’s discuss it over dinner.‎ A.Never mind B.Go ahead C.By all means D.It just depends 答案　C　[句意：——我要去叙利亚。你能告诉我你在那里的经历吗？——没问题，我们边吃边讨论吧。Never mind.不要紧，没关系；Go ahead.前进，进行；By all means.可以，当然行，没问题；It just depends.看情况而定。结合句意可知答案为C。]‎ ‎4.(2019·海门市高三三月联考检测卷)‎ ‎—Believe it or not, I have just resigned.‎ ‎—________ It’s a good company and you get a 6% pay rise every year.‎ A.You what? B.So what?‎ C.So long! D.You bet!‎ 答案　A　[You what？真的假的？(表示惊讶)So what？那又怎么样？So long！太久了！You bet！当然！句意：——信不信由你，我刚辞职。——真的假的？这是一家好公司，你的工资每年增长6%。根据答语可知，第二个人感到很吃惊，故A项正确。]‎ ‎5.(2019·南通市高三三月联考)The reform and opening-up policy, which has been very successful, remains ________， and will play a greater role in the future development.‎ A.a sacred cow B.a confidential source C.a white elephant D.a wet blanket 答案　A　[句意：改革开放政策取得了巨大成功，它仍然是神圣的，在今后的发展中将发挥更大的作用。a sacred cow神圣之物；a confidential source 机密来源；a white elephant累赘；a wet blanket扫兴之人。此处用a sacred cow表示“改革开放是一项神圣的政策”，故A项正确。]‎ ‎6.(2019·江苏省常州市高三期末)If the boss is angry when he comes in, don’t tell him about the customer’s complaints.You’ll just be ________.‎ A.killing the fatted calf B.seeing the handwriting on the wall C.hitting your own feet of clay D.adding fuel to the fire 答案　D　[句意：如果老板进来时很生气，你把顾客的投诉告诉他，这只会火上浇油。killing the fatted calf热情款待；seeing the handwriting on the wall看到不祥之兆；hitting your own feet of clay自找麻烦；adding fuel to the fire火上浇油。根据句意可知此处表示“火上浇油”，故D项正确。]‎ ‎7.(2019·江苏省高三第二次百校联考)—That’s the third time you’ve done that!‎ ‎—Yeah, ________？‎ A.what of it B.what’s on C.what about D.what for 答案　A　[what of it那又怎么样；what’s on发生什么事了；what about怎么样；what for为何目的。结合句意可知答案为A。]‎ ‎8.(2019·江苏省六校联考)It is unwise to disturb one who is devoted to his work.Just ________.‎ A.face the music B.fly off the handle C.eat your words D.bite your tongue 答案　D　[face the music接受批评或惩罚；fly off the handle勃然大怒；eat your words食言；bite your tongue别嚼舌头，忍住不说。结合句意可知答案为D。]‎ ‎9.(2018·南师附中高三质检)—Those words and expressions are really hard to remember.‎ ‎—________.You know, practice makes perfect.‎ A.It’s hard to say B.It’s up to you C.You are not alone D.You can’t be serious 答案　C　[It’s hard to say.很难说；It’s up to you.由你决定；You are not alone.并非只有你这样；You can’t be serious.你不会是认真的吧？故C项适合。]‎ ‎10.(2019·连云港、宿迁、徐州二模)—Don’t worry，Mum.The doctor said it was only the flu.‎ ‎—________！ I’ll tell your dad there’s nothing serious.‎ A.What a relief B.Congratulations C.How surprising D.I’m so sorry 答案　A　[句意：——妈妈，别担心。医生说只是流感。——我可以松口气了。我要告诉你爸爸没有什么严重的。A项意为“可以松口气了”，符合语境。B项意为“祝贺”；C项意为“多么令人惊讶啊”；D项意为“我很抱歉”。]‎ ‎11.(2018·无锡市第一中学第二学期初考试)Mike is one of those people who just can’t save money.Every time he gets paid, ________.‎ A.he has ants in his pants B.he tightens his belt C.he wears his heart on his sleeve D.the money burns a hole in his pocket 答案　D　[he has ants in his pants坐立不安；he tightens his belt勒紧腰带；he wears his heart on his sleeve开诚布公，十分坦率；the money burns a hole in his ‎ pocket花钱如流水。根据语境，故选D。]‎ ‎12.(2018·江苏高考原创押题预测卷)—The College Entrance Examination is coming；we need to hit the books and prepare it.‎ ‎—________.Let’s burn the midnight oil together.‎ A.You are what you wear B.You have me there C.You can say that again D.You don’t say so 答案　C　[You are what you wear.人靠衣装；You have me there.你难倒我了；You can say that again.你说的对；You don’t say so.不至于这样吧。故C项适合。]‎ ‎13.(2018·苏锡常镇3月教学情况调研)‎ ‎—Could you pass me the sugar, please?‎ ‎—OK，________.‎ A.never mind B.sounds great C.here you go D.there it is 答案　C　[never mind没关系；sounds great听起来不错；here you go＝here you are给你；there it is情况就是这样。根据语境可知，应选C项。]‎ ‎14.(2018·扬州市高三第一学期期中检测试题)‎ ‎—Why can’t I use the gym in the hotel?‎ ‎—________， but your room price doesn’t cover it.‎ A.No offence B.No worries C.No doubt D.No need 答案　A　[句意：——为什么我不能在旅店使用健身房呢？——并无恶意，但是您的房间价格不包含这个费用在内。No offence.并无恶意，请勿见怪；No worries.别客气；No doubt.毫无疑问；No need.用不着。根据题意，故选A。]‎ ‎15.(2018·苏州学业质量阳光指标调研)‎ ‎—It’s almost the end of the month and I haven’t started my workout plan.‎ ‎—Start now！________.‎ A.Great minds think alike B.Honesty is the best policy C.Every cloud has a silver lining D.Better late than never 答案　D　[Great minds think alike.英雄所见略同；Honesty is the best ‎ policy.诚实为上策；Every cloud has a silver lining.黑暗中总有一丝光明；Better late than never.迟做总比不做好。此处是劝告对方马上开始，故选D项。]‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2019·苏州市高三质量检测)‎ After graduation, Susan was asked to become the executive director of the Floating Hospital.She __1__ at first, as it was a very big job and she didn’t know if she could __2__ it.But finally, she __3__.While her job was rewarding, she soon got tired of it.When she sat at her desk one day, the __4__ came into her mind to go down to the New School for Social Research.__5__ she was learning to trust her intuition (直觉)，she decided to have a go.‎ Without any forethought, she titled the __6__ ‘Feel the Fear and Do It Anyway’.Susan was __7__ as she faced the first session of the twelve-week course.The two hours went well, but she then was challenged with a __8__ fear, for she didn’t know what to teach the next week.But every week she found she had more to say.And her __9__ level grew.She realized she had learned so much over the years about __10__ fear.And her students were drinking it up.At the end of the course, they were __11__ at how shifting their thinking really changed their lives.‎ Susan __12__ decided to write a book based on the course she had taught.She faced many roadblocks.And after four agents and fifteen __13__ from various publishers, she __14__ put the proposal in a drawer.‎ After three years of writing, she was going through the drawer that __15__ her much-rejected book proposal.Picking it up, she had a(n) __16__ sense that she held something in her hands that many people __17__ to read.So, she set out with much __18__ to find a publisher who believed in her book the __19__ way she did.This time, she succeeded.She succeeded __20__ her wildest dreams.‎ She was so happy she followed her heart and never gave up overcoming fears that stood in her way.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公Susan将自己教授的课程写成一本书，出版碰壁，但最终得以出版的故事。‎ ‎1.A.admitted B.wondered C.hesitated D.recognized 答案　C　‎ ‎[admit承认；wonder想知道；hesitate犹豫；recognize承认。有后半句“she didn’t know”可知她不确定自己是否能够应付得了，所以起初她犹豫了。故选C。]‎ ‎2.A.help B.handle C.hatch D.have 答案　B　[help帮助；handle处理，应付；hatch策划；have有。她不知道自己能否应付得了。故选B。]‎ ‎3.A.explained B.paused C.ignored D.agreed 答案　D　[explain解释；pause暂停；ignore忽略；agree 同意。but表示转折。最终，她还是同意接受这个工作。故选D。]‎ ‎4.A.thought B.chance C.approach D.demand 答案　A　[thought想法；chance机会；approach方法；demand要求。根据“came into her mind”提示是她突然有一种想法。故选A。]‎ ‎5.A.While B.Since ‎ C.If D.Though 答案　B　[while然而；since因为；if如果；though尽管。因为她正学着相信直觉，所以她决定尝试一下。前后呈因果关系。故选B。]‎ ‎6.A.book B.talk C.speech D.course 答案　D　[book书；talk交谈；speech发言；course课程。原词重现，下一句出现“course”。她不假思索地给这门课起了名字。故选D。]‎ ‎7.A.nervous B.energetic C.delicate D.depressed 答案　A　[nervous紧张的；energetic精力充沛的；delicate脆弱的；depressed沮丧的。前文都在讲述Susan的迟疑和紧张。苏珊在面对12周课程的第一节课时很紧张。故选A。]‎ ‎8.A.general B.constant C.pure D.new 答案　D　[general普遍的；constant不断的；pure纯的；new新的。这两个小时都进展得很好，但是她之后又被一种新的恐惧所挑战。故选D。]‎ ‎9.A.balance B.confidence C.happiness D.success 答案　B　[balance平衡；confidence信心；happiness快乐；success成功。她每周都发现自己有更多的话可以说，说明她慢慢不那么害怕了，她的自信心也随之增强。故选B。]‎ ‎10.A.handing over B.taking over C.getting over D.looking over 答案　C　[hand over移交；take over占据；get over克服；look over检查。前文都在讲述Susan希望克服自己的恐惧。她意识到这些年来她已经学会了很多克服恐惧的方法。故选C。]‎ ‎11.A.relieved B.puzzled C.amazed D.amused 答案　C　[relieved减轻的；puzzled困惑的；amazed惊讶的；amused愉快的。在课程的最后，他们惊讶地发现，思维的转变真的改变了他们的生活。故选C。]‎ ‎12.A.eventually B.gradually C.originally D.temporarily 答案　A　[eventually最后；gradually逐渐地；originally起初；temporarily临时地。Susan最后决定把她教授的课程写成一本书。故选A。]‎ ‎13.A.rejections B.applications C.indications D.restrictions 答案　A　[rejection拒绝；application申请；indication显示；restriction限制。后半句说她把计划放在了抽屉里，说明被拒稿了。由下文中的“her much-rejected”也可得到印证。故选A。]‎ ‎14.A.hopefully B.swiftly C.unconsciously D.unwillingly 答案　D　[hopefully有希望地；swiftly迅速地；unconsciously无意识地；unwillingly不情愿地。她想出版她的书，所以把它们放在抽屉里一定是不情愿的。故选D。]‎ ‎15.A.held B.emptied C.removed D.supported 答案　A　[hold容纳；empty清空；remove消除；support支持。他浏览抽屉里放着的她许多被拒稿的出版计划。故选A。]‎ ‎16.A.vague B.slight C.acute D.basic 答案　C　[vague模糊的；slight轻微的；acute剧烈的；basic基础的。她有一种强烈的感觉，她手里拿着的东西很多人都需要读。故选C。]‎ ‎17.A.happened B.afforded C.agreed D.needed 答案　D　[happen发生；afford付得起；agree同意；need需要。她认为许多人需要读她的书。故选D。]‎ ‎18.A.determination B.hesitation C.satisfaction D.imagination 答案　A　[determination决心；hesitation犹豫；satisfaction满意；imagination想象。这一急迫的想法使她立马着手行动了，她一定怀着很大的决心。她下定决心要找到一个和她一样相信她的书的出版商。故选A。]‎ ‎19.A.right B.ideal C.same D.obvious 答案　C　[right正确的；ideal理想的；same相同的；obvious明显地。她要找到一个和她有着一样的想法的出版商。故选C。]‎ ‎20.A.within B.beyond C.behind D.through 答案　B　[within在……之内；beyond超越；behind在……之后；through通过。她万万没想到她会成功。故选B。]‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 A Gold is one of the rarest materials on Earth and has always been considered a valuable and precious resource.It’s very likely that someone in your family owns something made of gold, especially since China is one of the world’s biggest buyers of gold jewellery.It’s even in our smartphones—they contain parts made from this expensive material.‎ But where does this beautiful metal actually come from? The answer：outer space.‎ This August, Chinese scientists became the first in the world to witness gravitational ‎ waves(引力波) caused by the collision of neutron(中子) stars, reported Xinhua News Agency.‎ The sight was witnessed at China’s Kunlun Antarctic Station at the South Pole, and Insight, China’s first X-ray astronomical satellite, also contributed to the discovery.‎ Although collisions of black holes have been recorded before, this was the first time that two neutron stars were known to have collided.It’s believed that such collisions lead to huge explosions of energy, and even to the creation of precious metals such as gold and silver.‎ ‎“The collision of neutron stars is like a very large gold factory in the universe，” Jin Zhiping，a researcher at the Purple Mountain Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told Xinhua.‎ According to an article published by space.com, scientists have long believed gold and other materials are created in this way, but it wasn’t until the recent collision that their theory was confirmed.‎ ‎“The origin of the really heaviest chemical elements in the universe had confused the scientific community for quite a long time，” Hans-Thomas Janka, a senior scientist at the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics in Germany, said in a news release.“Now, we have the first observational proof for neutron star mergers(合并) as sources.”‎ Indeed, the recently observed collision is thought to have produced an amount of gold that would weigh 10 times more than Earth, according to New Scientist.‎ Don’t expect to be showered in gold any time soon, however.The collision actually took place 130 million years ago, taking all that time for the event’s light to reach Earth.‎ But at least if you want to see a piece of space up close, all you have to do is to look at the ring on your mom’s finger—or the smartphone in your pocket.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是科普说明文。黄金是地球上最稀有的物质之一，一直被认为是一种宝贵的资源。但是这种美丽的金属究竟是从哪里来的呢？答案是：外层空间。‎ ‎1.What’s the author’s purpose of writing the first two paragraphs?‎ A.To emphasize the rareness of gold.‎ B.To list some uses of gold in daily life.‎ C.To explain the reasons for the popularity of gold.‎ D.To interest readers about the source of gold.‎ 答案　D　[篇章结构题。根据第一段可知，作者介绍了黄金这种金属广受欢迎，中国更是黄金首饰的购买大国，智能手机中含有由这种昂贵材料制成的部件，第二段用问答方式提出话题，从而引出全文，故可知，前两段的作用是引起读者关于黄金来源的兴趣，选D。]‎ ‎2.What would the collision of neutron stars lead to according to Xinhua?‎ A.The creation of black holes.‎ B.The death of the stars.‎ C.The disappearance of gravitational waves.‎ D.The creation of gold.‎ 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句It’s believed that...such as gold and silver.可知，这样的碰撞会导致巨大的能量爆炸，甚至导致黄金和白银等贵金属的产生。故选D。]‎ ‎3.What’s the text mainly about?‎ A.China’s Kunlun Antarctic Station does research into gold.‎ B.Collisions between two neutron stars result in gold.‎ C.Collisions contribute to the discovery.‎ D.Gold is considered a valuable and precious resource.‎ 答案　B　[主旨大意题。文章主要叙述了中国科学家首次发现中子星碰撞产生了引力波，这种碰撞能产生巨大能量，甚至能形成黄金和白银等贵金属，故选B。]‎ ‎4.What can we learn from the article?‎ A.The amount of gold produced by the collision was very small.‎ B.The collision was the largest reported in history.‎ C.China played a big role in the new discovery.‎ D.The collision took place 130 years ago.‎ 答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第三、四段可知，中国科学家在世界上首次发现了中子星碰撞产生的引力波，中国第一颗X射线天文卫星Insight也为这一发现做出了贡献。故选C。]‎ B ‎(2019·天一中学高考模拟)‎ To err is human.Society is suffering from an inability to acknowledge as much.‎ For individuals, errors are painful.The trick, then, is to err well：to recognize mistakes and learn from them.Worryingly, humanity may be getting worse at admitting its mistakes.‎ Few enjoy the feeling of being caught out in an error.But real trouble starts when the desire to avoid a punishment leads to a refusal to deal with contrary evidence.Economists often assume that people are sensible.When faced with a new fact, these people should update their view of the world to take better decisions in future.Yet years of economic research confirms that people frequently disregard information that conflicts with their view of the world.‎ Why should that be? Last year Roland Benabou, of Princeton, presented a framework for thinking about the problem.In many ways, beliefs are like other economic goods.People spend time and resources building them, and get value from them：some beliefs make owners feel good and show their public identity；other beliefs provide value by shaping behavior—for example, religious asceticism(禁欲主义) can help one avoid unhealthy habits.‎ Because beliefs, however, are not simply tools for making good decisions, but are treasured in their own right, new information that challenges them is unwelcome.People often engage in “motivated reasoning” to manage such challenges.Mr Benabou classifies this into three categories.“Strategic ignorance” is when a believer avoids information offering conflicting evidence.In “reality denial”， troubling evidence is rationalized(合理化)：real estate investors might make up fanciful theories for why prices should behave unusually, and supporters of a disgraced politician might claim the negative news to be fake.And lastly, in “self-signalling”， the believer creates his own tools to interpret the facts in the way he wants：an unhealthy person, for example, might decide that going for a daily run proves he is well.‎ ‎“Motivated reasoning” is a cognitive bias(偏见).Not all the errors it leads to are costly：praising the performance of one’s supported football team despite contradictory evidence does little harm.But when biases are broadly shared—within financial world or political parties—danger arises.Motivated reasoning helps explain why viewpoints polarize(两极分化) even as information is more easily available than ever before.‎ Work by Mr Benabou suggests that groupthink is highest when people within groups face a shared fate：when choosing to break from a group is unlikely to spare an individual the costs of the group’s errors or bring much individual benefit.The incentive(动力) to engage in motivated reasoning is high as a result.Even as the fact on a particular issue is obvious, parties can still become increasingly polarized.That, in turn, can make it harder still for a member of one party to get any benefit from breaking from a group.Indeed, the group has an incentive to silence independent voices.‎ Public statements of regret are risky in a rigidly polarized world.Admissions of error can not only annoy partners but also provide opportunities for opponents.But it is rarely in the interest of those in the right to pretend that they are never wrong.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是议论文。我们都会犯错，正确的态度是勇于承认错误，认识错误并从中吸取教训。我们不能假装不犯错，但现实生活中人类在承认错误方面越来越糟糕。‎ ‎5.According to the passage, beliefs are similar to economic goods in that ________.‎ A.both are entertaining and valuable B.both can be shaped by religious faith C.both can reflect who the owners are D.both promote religious development 答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第四段In many ways, beliefs are...other beliefs provide value by shaping behavior可知，信念和经济商品的相似之处：人们花费时间和资源来构建它们，并从中获得价值。它们都能反映主人的身份和价值，故选C。]‎ ‎6.Which of the following is an example of “self-signalling”？‎ A.A fan speaks highly of his team although it has just lost the game.‎ B.A man covers his ears when stealing a bell, believing the bell won’t ring.‎ C.Supporters of Trump believe the news about his affairs with a lady is fake.‎ D.Suspected AIDS carriers refuse to be tested though it can be done for free.‎ 答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第五段in “self-signalling”，the believer creates...that going for a daily run proves he is well.可知self-signalling指的是信徒创造他自己的工具，以他想要的方式解释事实，并且举了不健康的人用跑步来掩盖事实的例子。选项中B项掩耳盗铃的例子就属于“self-signalling”，故选B。]‎ ‎7.What can be inferred from Paragraphs 6 and 7?‎ A.Polarization causes individuals to break from the group.‎ B.Richer sources of information decrease motivated reasoning.‎ C.Individuals with independent voices are dismissed from the group.‎ D.Individuals in a group engage in motivated reasoning for their own interests.‎ 答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第六段Motivated reasoning helps...more easily available than ever before.第七段that groupthink is highest...from breaking from a group.可知，动机推理有助于解释观点两极化更容易得到有效信息，更能在面临共同的命运时，不脱离群体，并且为自己的利益努力。故选D。]‎ ‎8.Which of the following opinions might the author agree with?‎ A.Denying errors is unavoidable.‎ B.Failure to admit errors is harmful.‎ C.Humans are getting better at erring well.‎ D.Wise people ignore contrary worldview.‎ 答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第二段The trick, then, is to err well：...at admitting its mistakes.和全文最后一句可知，我们应该认识错误并从中吸取教训。令人担忧的是，人类在承认错误方面可能越来越糟糕。我们不能假装不犯错误，由此可见作者认为不承认错误是有害的。故选B。]‎