2020届牛津版高三英语一轮复习听课手册：Unit4Helpingpeoplearoundtheworld 27页

Unit 4　Helping people around the world ‎　　[2018·北京卷] 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华,你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣,计划明年来北京上大学。他向你咨询相关信息。请给他回邮件,内容包括:‎ ‎1.表示欢迎;‎ ‎2.推荐他上哪所大学;‎ ‎3.建议他做哪些准备工作。‎ Dear Jim, ‎ Knowing that you have long been interested in Chinese culture and plan to study in Beijing next year, I'm writing to offer my recommendations.‎ In my opinion, Beijing Language and Culture University, which enjoys an excellent reputation for its language and culture courses intended for international students, is your right choice. I believe you'll have a most interesting and rewarding experience there. ‎ Anyway, studying for a degree in a different culture is never easy. Therefore, you're supposed to learn some basic Chinese before you come. That way, you can adjust yourself to the life here in Beijing better and sooner. ‎ If you need any help, please don't hesitate to contact me. Meanwhile, I truly hope my advice will be of some help to you. ‎ Yours, ‎ Li Hua ‎1.文章体裁:应用文——电子邮件。‎ ‎2.行文逻辑:收到邮件→得知信息→给出建议→结束语。‎ ‎3.词汇短语:运用了较高级的词汇和短语。如:be interested in sth(对某事感兴趣), be intended for (为……设计的), be supposed to (应该),be of some help(有些帮助)等。 ‎ ‎4.句式句法:运用了多样化的句式结构。如: ①现在分词短语作状语: knowing that you have long been interested in Chinese culture and plan to study in Beijing next year;②宾语从句: that you have long been interested in Chinese culture and plan to study in Beijing next year, you'll have a most interesting and rewarding experience there, my advice will be of some help to you;③状语从句: if you need any help等。‎ Ⅰ.单词荟萃 ‎(一)基础词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎1.　　　　 adj.潮湿的 ‎ ‎2.　　　　 n.住所;藏身之处 ‎ ‎3.　　　　 n.&vt.缺乏 ‎ ‎4.　　　　 n.增加;添加 ‎ ‎5.　　　　 vt.&vi.沸腾,煮沸;烹煮  ‎ ‎6.　　　　 vt.售得,卖得(某价);取来,去拿来 ‎ ‎7.　　　　 adj.多山的 ‎ ‎8.　　　　 n.手段,方法 ‎ ‎9.　　　　 vt.(尤指经努力)获得;赢得  ‎ ‎10.　　　　 n.助理,助手 adj.助理的,副的 ‎ ‎(二)基础词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎1.AIDS n.　　　 ‎ ‎2.carpet n.　　　 ‎ ‎3.alternative adj.　　　　 n.　　　　 ‎ ‎4.heating n.　　　 ‎ ‎5.well n.　　　 ‎ ‎6.container n.　　　 ‎ ‎7.wage n.　　　 ‎ ‎8.colleague n.　　　 ‎ ‎9.muddy adj.　　　 ‎ ‎10.angle n.　　　 ‎ ‎(三)拓展词汇 ‎1.　　　　 n.描述,描写;类型;说明→　　　　 adj.描写的,叙述的;描写性的→　　　　 v.描述,描写  ‎ ‎2.　　　　 adj.政治的;党派的→　　　　 n.政治家,政客→　　　　 n.政治,政治学;政治活动;政见  ‎ ‎3.　　　　 adj.令人愉快的,值得花时间的→　　　　 adj.值得……的;有价值的;配得上的→　　　　 adj.无价值的;不值钱的;卑微的→　　　　 adj.值得的 n.价值;意义  ‎ ‎4.　　　　 n.添加;增加→　　　　 v.增加,添加  ‎ ‎5.　　　　 n.同等的人;相等物 adj.平等的;相等的;胜任的 v.等于;比得上→　　　　 n.平等;相等  ‎ ‎6.　　　　 adj. 志愿的;主动的→　　　　 n.志愿者;志愿兵 v.自愿去做  ‎ ‎7.　　　　 v. 贡献,出力;投稿;捐献→　　　　 n.做出贡献者;投稿者;捐助者→　　　　 n.贡献;捐献;稿件→　　　　 adj.出资的;贡献的;有助于  ‎ ‎8.　　　　 vt.获得;购得;得到→　　　　 adj.已获得的;习得的→　　　　 n.取得;习得  ‎ ‎9.　　　　 vi.& vt.扩展;使膨胀;详述→　　　　 n.膨胀;扩张  ‎ ‎10.　　　　 adj.紧急的;急迫的→　　　　 v.力劝,催促;驱策,推进→　　　　 adv.迫切地;紧急地;急切地→　　　　 n. 紧急;催促;紧急的事  ‎ ‎11.　　　　 n.饿死;挨饿;饥饿→　　　　 adj.饥饿的;挨饿的→　　　　 v.饿死;挨饿;渴望  ‎ ‎12.　　　　 n.个人财产;拥有,具有→　　　　 v. 具有;支配;控制  ‎ ‎13.　　　　 n.贫困;贫穷;缺少;低劣→　　　　 adj.贫穷的;可怜的;贫乏的;不擅长的  ‎ ‎14.　　　　 adj.空着的,未被占用的→　　　　 n.空缺,空职  ‎ ‎15.　　　　 adj.麻烦的;讨厌的;使人苦恼的→　　　　 v.麻烦;使烦恼;折磨 n.困难;烦恼;故障;疼痛→　　　　 n.捣乱者,闹事者;惹麻烦的人 ‎ Ⅱ.短语检测 ‎1.得到;抓住　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎2.成立,建立 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎3.出故障;抛锚 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎4.回想 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎5.把……捐献给…… 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎6.但愿 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎7.使某人察觉到 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎8.给……做个简单介绍 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎9.在网上查…… 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎10.处于混乱状态 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎11.make up 　　　　　　　　　　  ‎ ‎12.refer to 　　　　　　　　　　  ‎ ‎13.remind somebody of 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎14.make a difference 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎15.in addition 　　　　　　　　　　  ‎ ‎16.be forced to do sth 　　　　　　　　　　  ‎ ‎17.under the umbrella of 　　　　　　　　　　  ‎ ‎18.donate money to charities 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎19.be decorated with sth 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎20.with the help/aid of 　　　　　　　　　　  ‎ Ⅲ.佳句再现 ‎1.as引导方式状语从句 I am pleased to 　　　　　　　　today to talk to you about the United Nations, or the UN, 　　　　it is more often 　　　　　　. 我很高兴今天有机会跟大家谈谈联合国,联合国也叫UN——这个名称更常用。 ‎ ‎2.不定式作结果状语 Arrived here 　　　　　everything was 　　　　　　. ‎ 到达这里后发现一切都是乱糟糟的。‎ ‎3.feel honoured to do sth 做某事感到荣幸 I feel very 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　this role. ‎ 能够担当这个角色,我感到很荣幸。‎ ‎4.under the umbrella of在……管理之下 There are lots of 　　　　　　　　like this 　　　　　　　　　　　　　the UN that have helped millions of people across the world. 在联合国的管理体系中还有很多此类重要的项目,它们已经为全世界数以百万计的人提供了帮助。 ‎ ‎5.sth be available to sb 某物能为某人所用 One of the goals is 　　　　　　that clean water 　　　　　　　　　, as in many places water is not safe to drink unless it is boiled. 目标之一是保证每个人都能够喝到干净的水,因为在很多地方得把水煮沸后才能放心饮用。 ‎ ‎6.It seems that…仿佛/好像……; be limited to局限于……‎ It 　　　　that many people here just need to talk, so I am finding that my job is not 　　　　　　　　a nurse. ‎ 这儿的许多人好像只需要说话,因此我发现我的工作不只局限于当一名护士。‎ ‎【巧学助记】‎ 规律记忆 ‎“带来,拿走”的那些词 bring指“从别处把东西或人带来或拿来”‎ take指“把东西带走或拿走”‎ fetch指“到别处去把某人或某物带来或拿来”‎ get是常用词,多用于口语,与fetch 同义 carry指“随身携带(不说明固定方向)”,有时含有“负担”的意思 规律记忆 ‎“under”短语看过来 under discussion 在讨论中 under pressure 在压力下 under the control of 受……控制,受……管辖 under way 进行中,在行进 under the circumstances 在这种情况下 under no circumstances 无论如何不 under attack 受到攻击,遭到破坏 under consideration 在考虑中 under investigation 在调查中 under one's guidance 在……指导下 under repair 在修理中 under review 在检查中 ‎●1 lack 　vt.(所需事物的)缺乏,短缺;没有(某事物) n.缺少,不足 ‎(1)for lack of 　　　　因缺乏;因没有 ‎(a) lack of 缺少 no lack of 不缺乏……,有很多……‎ ‎(2)lack sth 　　　　　　 缺乏某物 ‎(be) lacking in… 在……方面缺乏或不足 ‎[温馨提示] (1)lack用作名词时常与介词of搭配,有时也可以和不定冠词连用,如:a lack of food 缺乏食物。‎ ‎(2)lack用作动词时,既可作及物动词,也可以作不及物动词,若作不及物动词,后常接for或in。‎ ‎(3)lack作动词时不可用于被动语态。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)But you can't be successful when there's a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.‎ 但如果犯错者不负责改正错误的话,关系中就会出现信任缺失,那么你就不会成功。‎ ‎(2)单句改错 He was lacked the judgement and political acumen as the post of chairman.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3)单句填空 ‎①Despite his lack 　　　　experience, he got the job.  ‎ ‎②None of his plans ever succeeds because he is lacking 　　　　determination.  ‎ ‎③The project had to be given up 　　　　lack of money. ‎ ‎●2 remind 　vt.(to help sb remember sth that they must do)提醒,使想起 ‎(1)remind sb of (doing) sth 　提醒某人(做)某事 remind sb to do sth 提醒某人去做某事 remind sb that/what/how从句 ‎ 提醒某人……/使 某人想起……‎ ‎(2)reminder n. 起提醒作用的事物 ‎【相关拓展】‎ ‎“v.+sb+of sth”短语:‎ ‎①cure sb of sth 治好某人的病 ‎②accuse sb of sth 指控某人某事 ‎③warn sb of sth 提醒某人某事 ‎④inform sb of sth 通知某人某事 ‎⑤convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事 ‎⑥rob sb of sth 抢劫某人的某物 ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)The book caught the author's eye because it reminded him of his own dog. 这本书引起了作者的注意,因为它让作者想起了自己的狗。‎ ‎(2)单句填空 ‎①The Japanese are about to be given a sharp 　　　　(remind) of what fighting abroad really means.  ‎ ‎②Back home, I reminded 　　　　(I) that what my mother could do, I could too.  ‎ ‎③A movement is underway to remind us 　　　　(switch) off lights when we are not using them.  ‎ ‎●3 honour 　n.荣誉,尊敬,敬意 vt.信守,给予表扬,尊敬 ‎(1)honourable adj. 　　可敬的,值得钦佩的 ‎(2)honour sb for… 因为……给予某人荣誉 ‎(3)feel/be honoured to do sth ‎ ‎ 做某事深感荣幸 ‎(4)give/show honour to…‎ ‎ 尊重/敬重……‎ have the honour to do sth/of doing sth ‎ ‎ 很荣幸做某事 in honour of sb/sth 为纪念……;为向……表 示敬意 ‎【相关拓展】‎ in memory of 　　作为对……的纪念 in favour of 支持,赞同 in search of 寻找 in case of 以防万一 in terms of 就……来说 in spite of 尽管 in charge of 负责 ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)Status is the honour or respect attached to a person's position in society. 身份是指与一个人在社会中的地位联系在一起的荣誉或者尊重。‎ ‎(2)单句填空 ‎①It's a great responsibility but also　　　　 great honour to be chosen.  ‎ ‎②It's a great pleasure to have 　　　　honour of making the acquaintance with you.  ‎ ‎③St Petersburg was renamed Leningrad 　　　　honour of Lenin after his death.  ‎ ‎●4 contribute 　vt.& vi.捐献,捐赠,捐助; 贡献; 促成,导致; 投稿 ‎(1)contribute…to…　　　　把……捐献给……; ‎ 给……投稿 contribute to 为……做出贡献; 有助于; 导致 ‎(2)contributor n. 做出贡献者 contribution n. 捐献; 贡献; 稿件 make a contribution/contributions to ‎ 对……做出贡献 ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)Mr Reece makes up his mind to contribute all he has to setting up some schools for poor children. ‎ 里斯先生下定决心把他所有的财产用于为贫困的孩子们建立一些学校。‎ ‎(2)单句填空 ‎①Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make　　　　 (contribute) to the class.  ‎ ‎②He said that a number of factors might contribute 　　　　the phenomenon.  ‎ ‎③He made 　　　　greater contribution to the collecting and using of ancient classics and literature.  ‎ ‎●5 worthy 　adj.令人敬重的;值得的,相称的;有价值的 ‎(1)be worthy 　　　　being done=be worthy to be done 　　　　　　　值得做…… ‎ ‎(2)worth adj. 值得 n. 价值;意义;作用 be (well) worth+doing/n./pron.‎ ‎ (很)值得(做)……‎ ‎(3)worthwhile adj. 　　　 值得做的, 值得努力的 It is/was worthwhile+to do sth/doing sth. ‎ ‎ ……值得做。‎ ‎ (4)worthless adj. 无价值的;无益的 ‎【语境助记】‎ What has just happened is well worth focusing on. It is also worthy of being thought about by everyone present. Is it worthwhile to spend so much money on a very expensive wedding? We don't think it is worth it at all. 刚刚所发生的一切很值得关注。这件事也值得在场的每个人思考。花这么多钱举办这样一场豪华的婚礼是否值得?我们认为这根本就不值得。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)No man or woman is worth your tears, and the one who is won't make you cry.‎ 没有人值得你去流泪,值得让你流泪的人不会让你哭泣。‎ ‎(2)用worthy, worth或worthwhile填空 ‎①This second-hand car is 　　　　$2,000 at the most. ‎ ‎②There is nothing 　　　　of mention.  ‎ ‎③It is not 　　　　to discuss the question again and again. ‎ ‎●6 means 　n.(a way of achieving or doing sth)手段,方法 ‎(1)means of transportation 　　运输工具,运输方式 means of communication 通信手段 a means of doing sth 做某事的方法/途径 a means to an end 达到目的的手段 ‎(2)　　　　 means of 　　　用, 凭借 ‎ by no means=not by any means ‎ 绝对不; 一点也不 by all means 当然可以; 用一切 办法, 务必 ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)As an inexperienced teacher, I tried every means to get them to be quiet, but in vain. ‎ 作为一个没有经验的老师,我用了一切办法让他们安静下来,但都没用。‎ ‎(2)She could not speak,but made her wishes known 　　　　　　　　　　(用手势).  ‎ ‎(3)The truth was that the people from whom I looked for help were 　　　　　　　　　　　(并不是我特别喜欢的人).  ‎ ‎(4)一句多译 一切可行的方法都试过了,结果我们发现只有用这种方法才能劝得动他。‎ ‎①Every possible means　　　　　　　　　　 (try), and we find only by this means is it possible to persuade him.  ‎ ‎②All possible means　　　　　　　　　　 (try), and we find only by this means is it possible to persuade him.  ‎ ‎●7 equal 　adj.平等的,同等的 n.同等的人;相等物 vt.与……相同或相等 ‎(1)A equals B in…　　　　A在……方面比得上B be equal to (doing) sth 等于……;与……相等;‎ 胜任……‎ be without equal/have no equal ‎ 无与伦比;无敌 ‎(2)equality n. 相等;平等 equally adv. 相等地;平等地 ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)In fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have no equal.‎ 事实上,当谈到战争的艺术时,蚂蚁是无敌的。‎ ‎(2)None of us can equal(=　　　　　　　　　　) her, either in beauty or as a dancer.  ‎ 不管是容貌还是舞蹈技巧,我们都比不上她。‎ ‎(3)The film attracts attention, and has no equal (=is 　　　　　　　　　　) in cinema history.  ‎ 那部电影引人瞩目,在电影史上无与伦比。‎ ‎(4)单句填空 ‎①Little pleasure can be equal 　　　　that of a cool drink in summer.  ‎ ‎②Success doesn't only depend on what you do. What you don't do is 　　　　(equal) important. ‎ ‎●1 refer to 　谈及,提到;与……相关,涉及;查阅,参考;指的是 ‎(1)refer to sb 　　　　/to be… ‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　将某人称为……‎ refer sb/sth to sb/sth 将……送交给……‎ ‎(2)reference n. 提及,涉及;参考 a reference book 参考书,工具书 make reference to 提及,涉及 with/in reference to 关于,有关 ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court. ‎ 从书面通知之日起一周内,如果不将宠物移走,这名学生就交由学生法庭处理。‎ ‎(2)单句填空 ‎①This typical sleep pattern is usually referred to 　　　　the “night owl” schedule of sleep.  ‎ ‎②The members referred the question 　　　　the committee, as they were unable to reach a decision.  ‎ ‎③Read these notes carefully and keep them for future 　　　　(refer).  ‎ ‎(3)一词多义 写出下列各句中refer to的汉语释义。‎ ‎①Many teachers talk at length about educational principles without once referring to a real child. 　　　 ‎ ‎②When I said some people were stupid I wasn't referring to you. 　　　 ‎ ‎③If you don't know the exact meaning of a word, you may refer to the dictionary. 　　　 ‎ ‎④This is an important topic referring to almost everyone at present. 　　　 ‎ ‎●2 break down 　出故障;抛锚;瓦解,分解;失败;破坏,打倒 break up 　　　　　粉碎;分解;终止;破裂 break out 爆发; 突然发生 break in 闯入;打断,插嘴 break away (from) 与……脱离;与……断绝关系;打破(陈规陋习)‎ break through 　　　　 战胜;从云层后露出;突破 break off 停顿,中断;断开,折断 break 　　　  强行进入,闯入;成功打入;‎ 突然开始 break the rule 违反规定 ‎【易混辨析】‎ break down与break up 两者在表示“击碎,粉碎,拆散”时意思非常相近,可通用。但是在表示化学性质的分解时多用break down;表示“驱赶,解散”时多用break up;表示婚姻、友情等关系破裂时用break up。‎ Their marriage broke up after they had been married for ten years.‎ 他们的婚姻在结婚10年后破裂了。‎ The police used tear gas to break up the crowd. ‎ 警察用催泪瓦斯驱散了人群。‎ Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.‎ 人体内的化学物质把食物分解成有用的物质。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)He broke down as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers.‎ 想到自己不能把所有的报纸卖完,他就崩溃了。‎ ‎ (2)用break相关短语的适当形式填空 ‎①He said his computer had 　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎②Those old cars will be 　　　　　　　for scrap. ‎ ‎③Last night somebody 　　　　　　　Mr Brown's house and took away many things. ‎ ‎④A fire 　　　　　　　after we got home. ‎ ‎⑤The boy often 　　　　　　　while his parents are speaking. ‎ ‎⑥You must 　　　　　　　from bad habits. ‎ ‎⑦After the heavy rain the sun 　　　　　　　the clouds. ‎ ‎⑧A thief 　　　　　　　and stole a lot of things last night. ‎ ‎⑨My kids have been annoying me and the last straw was when my car 　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎⑩The ice began to 　　　　　　　on the river. ‎ ‎●3 die from 　死于(外伤、粗心、不注意、劳累过度等外部原因)‎ ‎(1)die out 　　　　(动植物)灭绝;(风俗、习惯等)逐渐消失 die off 相继死亡;先后死去 die away (声音、光线等)逐渐减弱/逐渐消失 die down (火、光线、兴奋、暴风雨等)逐渐减弱,逐渐平息 die of 死于(疾病、衰老、饥饿、悲伤等自身原因)‎ die back (草木)叶凋但没死 die a…death 以……方式死去 ‎(2)be dying for 极想,渴望 ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)More people now die from being overweight, or say, from being extremely fat, than from being underweight. ‎ 现在更多的人死于超重,或者说,死于极度肥胖,而不是死于体重不足。‎ ‎(2)用适当的介词或副词填空 ‎①In the old days, my grandfather died 　　　　hunger and cold. ‎ ‎②Soon, more than half had died 　　　　tiredness. ‎ ‎③He discovered that this noble family had died 　　　　and were forgotten. ‎ ‎④The practice of children working in factories has nearly died 　　　　. ‎ ‎⑤As she got older and older, her relatives all died 　　　　. ‎ ‎●4 wear out 　使筋疲力尽; 使厌烦; 穿破,用坏 wear one's long hair/a short beard ‎　　　　　　　　　　　 留长发/留短胡须 wear glasses/a ring 戴眼镜/戴戒指 wear on (时间)慢慢地过去/消逝 wear sb/oneself out 使疲乏;使厌烦;使筋疲 力尽 be worn out 破旧不堪 ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)Mother always complains that children wear out their shoes very quickly.‎ 母亲总是抱怨孩子们很快就把他们的鞋穿破了。‎ ‎(2)However, as time passes, the paper or silk covers inevitably 　　　　　　　　　　(变得破旧不堪).  ‎ ‎(3)The kids have totally 　　　　　　　　　　(把我烦透了).  ‎ ‎●5 think back to　回想过去;回忆起 think of 　　　　　　记起,想起;考虑;想象 think about 考虑 think to oneself 盘算;自思自忖 think for oneself 独立思考;自行决定 think twice 再三考虑;重新考虑 think over 仔细考虑;慎重考虑 think oneself as 自认为是 think highly of 高度评价,尊重 think up 想出;发明 ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)While coping with the challenges of life in Britain, I always think back to the time when I was with you.‎ 当在英国应对生活的挑战时,我总会想到与你在一起的时光。‎ ‎(2)“I have to do this,” I 　　　　　　　　　　(自思自忖). ‎ ‎(3)People 　　　　　　　　　　(对你评价很高) for your honesty and professionalism.  ‎ ‎(4)You always 　　　　　　　　　　(再三考虑) before you say something.  ‎ ‎(5)Why does it make me so sad when I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　(回忆起) that time? ‎ ‎●1 It seems that many people here just need to talk, so I am finding that my job is not limited to being a nurse. 这儿的许多人好像只需要说话,因此我发现我的工作不只局限于当一名护士。‎ be limited to doing sth 把……限制在做某事的范围内 ‎ 句型公式　‎ ‎【相关拓展】‎ ‎“be+形容词+介词to”的表达法还有:‎ ‎(1)be equal to (doing) sth ‎ 能胜任(做)某事 ‎ ‎(2)be used/accustomed to (doing) sth ‎ 习惯于(做)某事 ‎ ‎(3)be opposed to (doing) sth ‎ 反对(做)某事 ‎ ‎(4)be reduced to (doing) sth ‎ 使陷入(做)某事的境地 ‎ ‎(5)be devoted to (doing) sth ‎ 致力于(做)某事 ‎ ‎(6)be dedicated to (doing) sth ‎ 从事/致力于(做)某事 ‎(7)be related to 和……有联系 ‎(8)be addicted to 沉溺于……; 对……上瘾 ‎(9)be admitted to 被……录取, 准许进入……‎ ‎ (10)be attached to 附属于/爱慕……‎ ‎(11)be adapted to ‎ 适应……‎ ‎(12)be known to ‎……为人所知 ‎(13)be married to 和……结婚 ‎(14)be sentenced to 被判处……‎ ‎(15)be connected to 和……联系在一起 ‎(16)be exposed to ‎ 暴露于/遭受/接触……‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)Ten years ago, he found that the possibilities for skiing were limited to a few small and crowded ski resorts in the suburbs.‎ 十年前,他发现滑雪的地方仅限于少数几个小而拥挤的郊区滑雪胜地。‎ ‎(2)单句填空 ‎①Her life was devoted to 　　　　(care) for the sick and needy.  ‎ ‎②He is opposed to 　　　　(go) on picnic this weekend.  ‎ ‎③We were accustomed to 　　　　(work) together.  ‎ ‎●2 If only there were more people donating money to charities!但愿更多的人给慈善机构捐款!‎ if only 要是……就好了,但愿……‎ ‎ 句型公式　‎ ‎【句式点拨】‎ 此句用了虚拟语气。if only…意为“要是……就好了,但愿……”。‎ ‎(1)if only…could/would/might do…表示与将来事实相反的愿望(不用should)‎ ‎(2)if only…did…表示与现在事实相反的愿望 ‎(3)if only…had done…表示与过去事实相反的愿望 ‎[温馨提示] only if意为“只有……”,位于句首时,其后用倒装语序。‎ Only if we trust each other can we work together.‎ 我们只有彼此信任才能合作。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)I have no information about my son. If only I hadn't said those tough words to him.‎ 我没有我儿子的消息。要是我没对他说那些严厉的话就好了。‎ ‎(2)If only the whole family could be united during the Spring Festival!‎ 要是春节全家能团圆就好了!‎ ‎(3)单句填空 ‎①If only you 　　　　　　(be) more careful! The traffic accident could have been avoided.  ‎ ‎②If only he 　　　　　　(arrive) in time,he would not have been punished.  ‎ Ⅰ.单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1.In 　　　　(add), the information about each word in a pocket dictionary is generally limited. ‎ ‎2.Although her 　　　　(describe) sounded wonderful, the price was beyond our range, so we declined. ‎ ‎3.Dr Yuan devoted himself to the research into agriculture and 　　　　　　　　(honour) by UNESCO & FAO. ‎ ‎4.The church was one of those fine old English structures and was worth 　　　　(visit). ‎ ‎5.　　　　(lack) money, it remains to be seen whether we can put the idea into practice. ‎ ‎6.It is likely that he has been addicted 　　　　drugs and has difficulty quitting it. ‎ ‎7.As a foreigner, he sometimes gets 　　　　(confuse) in public places where common sayings are largely used. ‎ ‎8.Every possible 　　　　(mean) should be taken to prevent the river from pollution. ‎ ‎9.Sometimes, he 　　　　(limit) to a cage underwater but that did not bother him. ‎ ‎10.The new president spoke at the APEC meeting for nearly an hour without 　　　　(refer) to his notes. ‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1.I failed my driving test. If only I seized the chance.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.—Where are the children? The dinner's going to be completely ruined.‎ ‎—I wish they are not always late.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we would have had telephoned him.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.What a pity! We would rather had followed our teacher's advice yesterday.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5.It won't make much difference if you go today or tomorrow.‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅲ.课文回顾 The UN 1.　　　　 (found) in October 1945 by 51 countries, with 192 countries altogether now. It has four main functions and 2.　　　　(touch) the lives of people everywhere. The organization is helping end some of the world's most 3.　　　　 (horror) conflicts. Apart from the urgent problems 4.　　　　 (cause) by wars and conflicts, the UN helps countries with other problems such as lack of 5.　　　　 (educate), starvation, disasters, AIDS and other diseases.  ‎ As a Goodwill Ambassador for the UN, I visit countries 6.　　　　 the UN has programmes to help people. Recently, I travelled to South Africa 7.　　　　 (fortunate). Some women there have organized 8.　　　　 (they) ‎ into a group. They collect some money from each member and the government to acquire materials to make baskets. They then sell these for a profit. With luck their group can expand and maybe set 9.　　　　 a shop.  ‎ ‎10. 　　　　the work of the UN the world has been brought closer together.  ‎ Ⅳ.话题微写作 根据提示,运用本单元的词汇及句式完成下面的小作文。注意使用合适的连接词连接句子。‎ ‎1.现在,很多年轻人做志愿工作。(voluntary)‎ ‎2.有些人去偏远的山区为留守儿童授课。(mountainous)‎ ‎3. 这些地区缺乏干净的自来水。(lack)‎ ‎4.此外,孩子们每天走着泥泞的路去上学。(in addition)‎ ‎5.如果人人都做出点贡献,我们就会对他人的生活产生影响。(contribution, make a difference)‎ ‎ ‎ 完成课时作业(三十五)‎ Unit 4　Helping people around the world ‎【基础自主梳理】‎ Ⅰ.(一)1.damp 　2.shelter 　3.lack 　4.addition 　5. boil 　6.fetch 　7.mountainous 　8.means ‎ ‎9. obtain 　10.assistant ‎ ‎(二)1.艾滋病 　2.地毯 　3.adj. 可供替代的 n. 可供选择的事物　4.供暖;供暖系统,暖气设备 　5.井,水井 　6.容器;集装箱　7. (通常指按周领的)工资 　8.同事　9.多泥的,泥泞的 　10.角度 ‎ ‎(三)1.description; descriptive; describe　2.political; politician; politics　3.worthwhile; worthy; worthless; worth　4.addition; add　5.equal; equality 6.voluntary; volunteer　7.contribute; contributor; contribution; contributive　8.acquire; acquired; acquirement　9.expand; expansion 10.urgent; urge; urgently; urgency　11.starvation; starving; starve　12.possession; possess 13.poverty; poor 　14.vacant; vacancy 15.troublesome; trouble; troublemaker Ⅱ.1.get hold of　2. set up　3. break down　4. think back to　5. contribute…to…　6.if only　7. draw someone's attention to　8. give…a short description 9. look…up on the website　10. in chaos　11. 组成,打扮,弥补　12. 谈及,提到; 涉及; 查阅,参考　13. 让某人想起……,提醒某人……　14. 有作用(关系、影响)　15. 除……以外(还),此外　16. 被迫做某事 ‎17. 在……的保护下,在……的管理下　18. 向慈善机构捐款　19. 用……装饰　20. 在……的帮助下 ‎ Ⅲ.1.have this chance; as; referred to ‎2.to find; in chaos ‎3.honoured to have been able to take on ‎4.worthwhile programmes; under the umbrella of ‎5.to ensure; is available to everyone ‎6.seems; limited to being ‎【考点互动探究】‎ 单词点睛 ‎●1 (2)去掉lacked前的was　(3)①of　②in　③for ‎●2 (2)①reminder　②myself　③to switch ‎●3 (2)①a　②the　③in ‎●4 (2)①contributions　②to　③a ‎●5 of 活学活用　(2)①worth　②worthy 　③worthwhile ‎●6 by ‎ 活学活用　(2)by means of signs　(3)by no means my favourites　(4)①has been tried　②have been tried ‎●7 (2)be equal to　(3)without equal　(4)①to　②equally 短语储存 ‎●1 as 活学活用　(2)①as　②to　③reference 　(3)①提及 　②指 　③查阅 　④涉及 ‎●2 into 活学活用　(2)①broken down 　②broken up 　③broke into　④broke out　⑤breaks in　⑥break away　⑦broke through　⑧broke in　⑨broke down　⑩break up ‎●3 (2)①of 　②from 　③out 　④out　⑤off ‎●4 (2)get worn out　(3)worn me out ‎●5 (2)think to myself　(3)think highly of you　(4)think twice　(5)think back to 句型透视 ‎●1 (2)①caring　②going 　③working ‎●2 (3)①had been　②had arrived ‎【当堂过关检测】‎ Ⅰ.1.addition　2.description　3. was honoured ‎4. visiting　5. Lacking　6.to　7.confused ‎8. means　9. was limited　10.referring Ⅱ.1.seized前加had　此处表示对过去情况的虚拟,应该用过去完成时。‎ ‎2.(第二个)are→were　wish后面的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气。从句中出现了always,故用一般过去时表示虚拟。‎ ‎3.去掉had　would have done表示对过去情况的虚拟。‎ ‎4.had改为have　would rather have done表示对过去情况的虚拟。‎ ‎5.if→whether　it为形式主语,主语从句应由whether引导,而不能由if引导。‎ Ⅲ.1.was founded　2.touches　3.horrible　4.caused ‎5. education　6.where　7.fortunately ‎8.themselves　9.up　10.With Ⅳ. One possible version: ‎ Nowadays, many young people do voluntary work. Some go to remote mountainous areas to teach left-behind children. These areas lack clean running water. In addition, children have to walk on the muddy paths to school. If everyone makes a contribution, we will make a difference to others' lives.‎