2019版一轮复习英语外研版必修二Module3Music单元学案（29页word版） 35页

‎2019版一轮复习英语外研版必修二Module3Music单元学案 ‎[一积词汇见多识广]　‎ ‎[课内单词回扣]‎ ‎(一)阅读词汇写其义 ‎1．classical n．　 古典音乐　　　 　 2．jazz n. 　　　爵士乐 ‎3．orchestra n. 管弦乐队(团) 4．court n. 宫廷 ‎5．genius n. 天才 6．symphony n. 交响乐(团)；交响曲 ‎7．prince n. 王子；亲王 8．album n. 专辑 ‎9．solo adj. 独奏的 10．tune n. 曲调 ‎(二)表达词汇写其形 ‎1．audience n. 听众 2．peasant n. 农民 ‎3．band n. 乐队 4．catchy adj. 动人的 ‎5．complex adj. 复杂的 6．mix vt. 使混合 ‎(三)拓展词汇灵活用 ‎*1.composer n．作曲家→compose vt.作曲；创作→composition ‎ n．作文；作曲；写作 ‎　2.conductor n．指挥→conduct vt.指挥(乐队)‎ ‎*3.musician n．音乐家→music n．音乐→musical adj.音乐的 ‎*4.director n．指挥；导演→direct vt.指挥 adj.直接的→direction n．方向 ‎　5.lose vt.失去；丢失；专心致志于→loss n．损失→lost adj.丢失的；迷失的 ‎*6.talent n．天分；天赋；才华→talented adj.有才能的 ‎　7.tour vt.巡回演出；观光；旅游→tourist n．观光者；旅游者→tourism n．旅游业 ‎　8.influence vt.影响n.影响；作用→influential adj.有影响力的 ‎　9.record vt.录音→recorder n．录音机 ‎*10.lecturer n．(大学的)讲师→lecture n．& vt.演讲；报告 用上面标注*的单词的正确形式填空 ‎1．As a composer,_he has composed a great deal of music.(compose)‎ ‎2．A famous musician played a good piece of music using a musical instrument.(music)‎ ‎3．There was a police officer directing the traffic, so the lost director came up to him to ask how to get to the local theatre. The policeman showed him the direction and he left.(direct)‎ ‎4．The little boy showed his great talent for painting. We all believed he would become a talented artist.(talent)‎ ‎5．Mr Smith is one of the most popular lecturers in our university. He will give us a lecture in the lecture hall tomorrow morning.(lecture)‎ ‎ [话题单词积累]‎ ‎1．hobby /'hɒbI/ n．　　　　　　　爱好 ‎2．prefer /prI'fɜː/ v. 偏爱；更喜欢 ‎3．preference /'pref(ə)r(ə)ns/ n. 偏爱；偏好 ‎4．relax /rI'læks/ v. 使放松 ‎5．relaxation /riːlæk'seIʃ(ə)n/ n. 放松 ‎6．amusement /ə'mjuːzm(ə)nt/ n. 娱乐；消遣 ‎7．entertainment /entə'teInm(ə)nt/ n. 娱乐；消遣 ‎8．entertaining /entə'teInIŋ/ adj. 令人愉快的 ‎9．recreation /ˌrekrI'eIʃ(ə)n/ n. 娱乐；消遣 ‎10．appreciate /ə'priːʃIeIt/ vt. 欣赏 ‎11．concert /'kɒnsət/ n. 音乐会 ‎12．soul /səʊl/ n. 灵魂 ‎13．rhythm /'rIð(ə)m/ n. 节奏 ‎14．melody /'melədI/ n. 旋律 ‎15．tone /təʊn/ n. 音色 ‎16．perform /pə'fɔːm/ v. 表演；演出 ‎17．performance /pə'fɔːm(ə)ns/ n. 演出；节目 ‎18．studio /'stjuːdIəʊ/ n. 工作室；演播室 ‎19．piano /pI'ænəʊ/ n. 钢琴 ‎20．pianist /'pIənIst/ n. 钢琴家 ‎21．violin /vaIə'lIn/ n. 小提琴 ‎22．guitar /ɡI'tɑː/ n. 吉他 ‎23．instrument /'Instrʊm(ə)nt/ n. 乐器 ‎24．fan /fæn/ n. 粉丝 ‎25．clap /klæp/ v. 鼓掌 ‎26．camera /'kæm(ə)rə/ n. 摄像机 ‎27．microphone /'maIkrəfəʊn/ n. 麦克风 ‎28．stage /steIdʒ/ n. 舞台 ‎29．broadcast /'brɔːdkɑːst/ n. & v. 广播；播放 ‎30．release /rI'liːs/ vt. 发行；发布 ‎[二积短语顿挫抑扬]　‎ ‎[课内短语回扣]‎ ‎(一)根据汉语写出下列短语 ‎*1.be_known_as　　　　　　　 作为……而出名 ‎　2.change_..._into_... 把……变成……‎ ‎*3.of_all_time 有史以来 ‎*4.as_well_as 不仅……而且……；也 ‎　5.be_impressed_with 留下深刻印象 ‎*6.go_deaf 变聋 ‎　7.if_so 如果这样的话 ‎　8.split_up 分裂；分割 ‎　9.no_way 没门 ‎*10.make_a_note_of 记录 ‎　11.have_a_talent_for 有……方面的天赋 ‎(二)用上面标注*的短语完成下列句子 ‎1．In Chinese culture, bamboo is_known_as one of the “four gentlemen” in plants.‎ ‎2．But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as_well_as beauty.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)‎ ‎3．People who work and live in noisy conditions may go_deaf.‎ ‎4．He is universally recognized as one of the greatest scientists of_all_time.‎ ‎5．You should make_a_note_of the key points that the teacher says.‎ ‎ [话题短语积累]‎ ‎1．pop music　　　　　　　流行音乐 ‎2．rock music 摇滚乐 ‎3．light music 轻音乐 ‎4．folk music 民间音乐 ‎5．country music 乡村音乐 ‎6．be fond of 喜欢；喜爱 ‎7．be keen on 喜欢；对……着迷 ‎8．show an interest in 在……方面显示兴趣 ‎9．develop an interest in 在……方面发展兴趣 ‎10．have a taste for 对……感兴趣 ‎11．suit one's taste 符合某人的嗜好 ‎12．form a band 组建乐队 ‎13．make records 制作唱片 ‎14．compose a song/music 创作歌曲/音乐 ‎15．make a hit 流行 ‎16．be crazy about 对……狂热；迷恋 ‎17．be fascinated by 对……着迷 ‎18．abandon oneself to 沉迷于……‎ ‎[三积句式写作扮靓]　‎ ‎[课内句式仿写]‎ ‎1．having done作时间状语 ‎[例句]　Having worked there for 30 years, Haydn moved to London, where he was very successful.‎ ‎[仿写]　作为交换生在香港过了一年，琳达看上去比同龄人更成熟。(2014·福建高考单选)‎ Having_spent_the_past_year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age. ‎ ‎2．by the time引导的时间状语从句 ‎[例句]　By the time he was 14, Mozart had composed many pieces for the harpsichord, piano and violin, as well as for orchestras.‎ ‎[仿写]　我到达火车站时，火车已经开走了。‎ By the time I got to the station the train had_already_gone.‎ ‎3．强调句型 ‎[例句]　However, it was Haydn who encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna.‎ ‎[仿写]　正是他的不懈努力使得中国逐渐发生变化。(2016·北京高考书面表达)‎ ‎ It_was_his_continuous_efforts_that caused China to change gradually.‎ ‎4．主语＋be＋形容词＋to do ‎[例句]　If the words of a song are complex, are they easy or difficult to understand?‎ ‎[仿写]　这个问题很难回答。‎ The question is_very_difficult_to_answer. ‎ ‎[话题佳句背诵]‎ ‎1．I like the music which sounds good for me, no matter what style of music it is. ‎ 我喜欢那些听起来令我满意的音乐，无论它是哪种类型的。‎ ‎2．No matter how frequently performed, the works of Beethoven are still popular with people all over the world.‎ 无论表演得多么频繁，贝多芬的作品依然受全世界人们的欢迎。‎ ‎3．Learning a musical instrument will help you develop concentration, patience and perseverance.‎ 学习一种乐器将帮助你培养注意力、耐心和毅力。‎ ‎4．There is clear evidence that children who take music lessons develop a better memory compared with children who have no musical training.‎ 这里有明显的证据，与那些没受过音乐训练的孩子相比，上音乐课的孩子有更好的记忆力。‎ ‎5．Nowadays, both traditional and modern music are enjoyed by people in China.‎ 现在，传统音乐和现代音乐都受到中国人的欢迎。‎ ‎[四背语段语感流畅]　‎ Peter is a famous musician and composer. He showed a talent for music from an early age. His father, a peasant, believed him was a ‎ genius and managed to send him to learn music in Austria, where he made a note of almost all that he was taught. His teacher was deeply impressed with his talent as well as his hard work. Peter especially loved classical music and jazz. Later, he composed many catchy songs by mixing western music with oriental music. His style greatly influenced the music world. I like his lyrics and tunes very much and I collected almost every album of his.‎ 彼得是一位著名的音乐家和作曲家，小时候，他就表现出了在音乐方面的才华。他的父亲，一位农民，相信他是一个天才并设法送他去奥地利学习音乐，在那里他几乎把老师所教的全都记了下来。他的天赋和努力给老师留下了深刻的印象。彼得尤其喜欢古典音乐和爵士乐。后来，通过对东西方音乐的融合，他创作了很多动人的歌曲。他的风格对音乐界有着重大影响。我非常喜欢他的歌词和曲调并且几乎收集了他的每一部专辑。‎ ‎[第一板块　重点词汇突破]　‎ ‎[师生共研词汇]‎ ‎1．lose vt.失去；丢失；迷路；专心致志于 ‎[高考佳句]　Of course, I also took some practical steps to lose weight.(2017·天津高考)‎ 当然，我也采取了一些实际的步骤来减肥。‎ ‎(1)lose face/heart/weight　　　　　 丢脸/灰心/减肥 lose one's way ＝ be/get lost 迷路 lose oneself in sth./be lost in sth. 专心致志于某事 ‎(be) lost in thought 陷入沉思 ‎(2)loss n. 损失；失去；丧失 lost adj. 丢失的；迷失的 at a loss 困惑；不知所措 ‎①If we spend too much time playing with smartphones, we may lose_interest_in our lessons as well. (2014·重庆高考满分作文)‎ 如果我们花费太多的时间玩智能手机，我们或许也会失去对所学功课的兴趣。‎ ‎②Lost (lose) in the forest, we had to remain where we were, waiting for help.‎ 在森林中迷了路，我们不得不待在原地等待帮助。‎ ‎③She listened intently to the music, losing herself (she) in its beauty.‎ 她专注地听着音乐，完全沉浸在美妙的旋律之中。‎ ‎④Faced with so many new things to learn, I was overcome by fear and was at_a_loss what to do. (2015·湖北高考满分作文)‎ 面对那么多新的要学的东西，我被恐惧支配，不知该做什么。‎ ‎2．influence vt.影响；支配n.影响(力)；作用 ‎ ‎[教材原句]　If a band is influenced by another band, do they like them or not?‎ 如果一个乐队受另一乐队的影响，他们是喜欢还是不喜欢呢？‎ ‎(1)influence sb. to do sth.　　　　 影响某人做某事 ‎(2)have an influence on/upon ... 对……有影响 under the influence of ... 在……的影响下 ‎(3)influential adj. 有影响力的 be influential in (doing) sth. 对(做)某事颇有影响 ‎①What influenced you to_choose (choose) a career in nursing?‎ 是什么影响你选择了护士这个职业的？‎ ‎②Most parents think that computer games have a bad influence on/upon their children.‎ 大部分家长认为电脑游戏对他们的孩子有不良影响。‎ ‎③In reality, different students have different learning habits, which I think are influential (influence) in their learning efficiency greatly.(2013·四川高考书面表达)‎ 实际上，不同的学生有不同的学习习惯，我认为这会极大地影响他们的学习效率。‎ ‎3．record vt.录音；记录n.纪录；唱片 ‎[教材原句]　Before they visited India, they had recorded seven albums.‎ 他们访问印度之前，已录制了七张专辑。‎ ‎(1)It is recorded that ...　　　 据记载……‎ ‎(2)keep a record of 把……记录下来 break/set/hold a record 打破/创造/保持纪录 on record 记录在案的 make a record 录制唱片 ‎①Last year was the warmest year on_record,_with global temperature 0.68℃ above the average. (2015·重庆高考单选)‎ 去年是有记录以来最暖和的一年，全球温度比平均值高出0.68摄氏度。‎ ‎②It keeps a record of my birth at the hospital, my first smile and my first walk.(2014·重庆高考满分作文)‎ 它记录了我在医院出生、我的第一次微笑，以及第一次走路的历程。‎ ‎[语境串记]　It is recorded that some athletes broke the world record, some set a new record, and others held the former record.‎ 据记载，有些运动员打破了世界纪录，有的刷新了纪录，其他的保持着原有纪录。‎ ‎[词汇过关练]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The company suffered a heavy loss (lose) as a result of the accident.‎ ‎2．Do you know how many oceans and continents our world is composed of?‎ ‎3．The bad weather influenced them to_finish (finish) the task in time.‎ ‎4．After graduation, he worked as a lecturer (lecture) in a university.‎ ‎5．It was when he was eleven years old that his talent for writing became obvious.‎ ‎6．When you make a record, it's different from a concert, because you leave something there.‎ ‎7．Lily has a great musical (music) gift; she promises to be a successful singer.‎ ‎8．The twins are so alike that many people mix them up.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Losing in thought, he didn't notice he had already passed by his home.Losing→Lost ‎2．The audience were so large that no seat was left in the grand ‎ hall.were→was ‎3．When mixing with water, salt dissolves quickly, which is a physical reaction.mixing→mixed ‎4．My teacher's words had a great influence to my studying science at college.to→on/upon ‎5．Chinese citizens are to have their fingerprints recording when applying for or changing their identity cards.recording→recorded Ⅲ.单句写作(补全句子/句型转换)‎ ‎1．当这位司机听到因为超速被禁驾时，茫然不知所措。‎ The driver was_at_a_loss when he heard that he was forbidden to drive for speeding.‎ ‎2．Influenced by a high school biology teacher, he took up the study of medicine.‎ ‎→Under_the_influence_of a high school biology teacher, he took up the study of medicine.‎ ‎3．Write down the mistakes you made — it will help you avoid making the same ones later.‎ ‎→Keep_a_record_of the mistakes you made — it will help you avoid making the same ones later.‎ ‎[第二板块　短语、句式突破]　‎ ‎1．go deaf变聋 ‎[教材原句]　As he grew older, he began to go deaf.‎ 随着年龄的增长，他的耳朵变聋了。‎ go blind/mad/bad　　　　　　 变瞎/变疯/变坏，变质 go wrong/wild/blank/silent 出毛病/变疯狂/变茫然/一言不发 go pale/red/grey 变得苍白/发红/花白 go hungry 挨饿 ‎①Meat soon goes_bad in hot weather if it isn't put in the fridge.‎ 天热时，如果不放进冰箱，肉很容易变坏。‎ ‎②With time going on, my father's hair goes_grey.‎ 随着时间的流逝，我爸爸的头发变得花白。‎ ‎[名师指津]　“go＋adj.”常指由好变坏，由正常情况变为特殊情况，常接表示贬义或颜色的形容词。‎ ‎2．make a note of记录 ‎[教材原句]　Read the text and make a note of any new information.‎ 读一读这篇文章并将任何新的内容都记录下来。‎ ‎(1)make/take a note/notes (of ...)‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　 记下，记录(……)‎ take note of 注意到 leave a note for sb. 给某人留个便条 compare notes (with sb.) (与某人)交换意见 ‎(2)note sth. down 把某事记下来 ‎①Her parents took_note_of her talents and helped her to be a singer.‎ 她父母注意到了她的天赋并帮助她成为一名歌唱家。‎ ‎②And you also should keep it in mind that comparing notes with your classmates frequently is a good way to improve your study.(2015·四川高考书面表达)‎ 而且你也要记住，经常与同学们交换意见是提高学习成绩的一种好方法。‎ ‎3．By_the_time he was 14, Mozart had composed many pieces for the harpsichord, piano and violin, as well as for orchestras.‎ 莫扎特到14岁的时候，不仅已经谱写了很多管弦乐曲，还谱写了许多拨弦键琴曲、钢琴曲和小提琴曲。‎ by the time为连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”，这时主句通常用完成时。‎ ‎(1)by the time＋一般过去时，主句一般用过去完成时 ‎(2)by the time＋一般现在时，主句一般用将来时或将来完成时 ‎①By the time we arrived at the station, the train had_left (leave)．‎ 当我们到达车站时，火车已经离开了。‎ ‎②By the time you arrive tomorrow morning, I will_have_left (leave) the country.‎ 明天早晨你到达时，我将已经离开这个国家了。‎ ‎③By_the_time you get this letter I'll be in Canada.‎ 等你收到这封信的时候，我已经在加拿大了。‎ ‎4．However, it_was_Haydn_who encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna.‎ 然而，是海顿鼓励贝多芬移居维也纳的。‎ 该句中的it was ... who ...是强调句型，强调的是句子的主语，该句的正常语序是：However, Haydn encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna.‎ ‎(1)强调句的基本句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分．‎ ‎(2)强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it ＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？‎ ‎(3)强调句的特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？‎ ‎(4)not ... until ...结构的强调句型：It is/was not until ... that ...‎ ‎①It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.(2017·天津高考单选)‎ 正是当我回到公寓时，我第一次偶然遇见了我的新邻居们。‎ ‎②Was it because Jack came late for school that Mr. Smith got angry？(2014·四川高考单选)‎ 是因为杰克上学迟到史密斯先生才生气的吗？‎ ‎③What_was_it_that prevented him from coming in time?‎ 是什么使得他没及时来到？‎ ‎④It was not until all the fish in the river died out that they realized the importance of environment protection.‎ 直到河里所有的鱼都死光了，他们才意识到环保的重要性。‎ ‎[短语、句式过关练]‎ Ⅰ.go短语填空 ‎1．The car went_wrong while they were driving along the country road.‎ ‎2．I learned to lipread when I started to go_deaf.‎ ‎3．On hearing the news of the accident, the mother went_pale and worried about her child.‎ ‎4．The traffic lights went_green and I pulled away.‎ ‎5．When she heard her son was killed by a car, she went_mad.‎ Ⅱ.note短语填空 ‎1．Please make_a_note_of when and where the meeting will be held.‎ ‎2．The police noted_down every word he said.‎ ‎3．You'd better leave_a_note_for your parents when you leave home.‎ Ⅲ.by the time单句语法填空 ‎1．By the time the new school year began, I had_finished (finish) reading his third book.‎ ‎2．By the time he retires (retire), he will have worked for 35 years.‎ ‎3．By the time Jack returned (return) home from England, his son had graduated from college.‎ ‎4．By the time you receive the letter, I will_have_left (leave) the city for my hometown.‎ Ⅳ.强调句型(单句语法填空/句型转换)‎ ‎1．(2015·湖南高考书面表达) It is the teacher's praise that contributes to my success.‎ ‎2．Was it during the AntiJapanese War that the soldier devoted his life?‎ ‎3．He didn't attend the meeting because he was ill.(强调原因状语从句)‎ ‎→It_was_because_he_was_ill_that he didn't attend the meeting.‎ ‎4．He didn't know the importance of health until he got seriously ill.(not until的强调句型)‎ ‎→It_was_not_until_he_got_seriously_ill_that he knew the importance of health.‎ 提能一　用课文词汇写高分作文 musician， influence， talent， record， album， lose， catchy， be known as， as well as， be impressed with ‎1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)‎ ‎①史密斯先生作为音乐家而闻名，其歌曲影响了许多人喜爱音乐。‎ Mr Smith is_known_as a musician,_and his songs has influenced many people to love music.‎ ‎②他小时候就显示出音乐才华，并录制了很多专辑。‎ He showed a talent for music when he was very young and recorded many albums.‎ ‎③由于一场车祸，他失去了双腿。‎ He lost his two legs due to an accident.‎ ‎④音乐使他对生活充满信心和勇气。‎ Music made him full of confidence as_well_as courage for life.‎ ‎⑤人们对他的动人的音乐和乐观的人生态度印象深刻。‎ People are_impressed_with his catchy music and his optimistic attitude to life.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎(1)用whose引导的定语从句改写句①‎ Mr_Smith_is_known_as_a_musician,_whose_songs_has_influenced_many_people_to_love_music.‎ ‎(2)用强调句型改写句④‎ It_was_music_that_made_him_full_of_confidence_as_well_as_courage_for_life.‎ ‎3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：unfortunately)‎ Mr Smith is known as a musician, whose songs has influenced many people to love music. He showed a talent for music when he was very young and recorded many albums. Unfortunately, he lost his two legs due to an accident. It was music that made him full of confidence as well as courage for life. People are impressed with his catchy music and optimistic attitude to life.‎ 提能二　用课文句型解构高考长难句　[本单元突破点——having done ...作时间状语；where引导定语从句]‎ 经典例句 比较分析 真题尝试翻译 Having worked there for 30 years, Haydn moved to ‎ ‎“Having worked ...”‎ 课文长难句 London, where he was very successful.‎ 作时间状语，where引导非限制性定语从句。‎ 经历了艺术、攀岩运动和读写的漫长过程，现在我到达了生活中的某个地方，在那里我知道我的聪明足以使我进入一个完全未知、艰难但却有趣的领域。‎ 真题长难句 Having gone through the long process with art, rock climbing, and reading and writing, now I've got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting.(2016·天津高考阅读表达)‎ ‎“Having gone through ...”作时间状语，where引导限制性定语从句。‎ ‎“文娱与体育”是高中新课程标准24个话题之一，也是高考常考的一个热点话题。该话题包括音乐与舞蹈、电视与电影、体育运动与锻炼等子话题。提到音乐话题，或许你会想到几首你最爱听的歌曲或者几个你爱看的音乐类电视节目。或许你会想到郎朗、周杰伦等明星。总之，音乐距离我们非常近，并且是我们生活的一部分。纵观近年高考，在阅读理解、完形填空、写作等题型中常有考查，应引起我们的重视。‎ 话题与语篇 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2017·全国卷Ⅰ阅读C)‎ ‎[1]Some of the world's most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying (联合) voice across cultures.‎ ‎[2]Despite the celebrations, though, in the U．S.the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.‎ ‎[3]It's Jason Moran's job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.‎ ‎[4]“Jazz seems like it's not really a part of the American appetite，” Moran tells National Public Radio's reporter Neal Conan. “What I'm hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white anymore. It's actually color, and it's actually digital.”‎ ‎[5]Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. “The music can't be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958.It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same，” says ‎ Moran.‎ ‎[6]Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller's music for a dance party, “just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music，” says Moran.“For me, it's the recontextualization.In music, where does the emotion (情感) lie? Are we, as humans, gaining any insight (感悟) on how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context，” says Moran, “so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.”‎ ‎1．Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?‎ A．To remember the birth of jazz.‎ B．To protect cultural diversity.‎ C．To encourage people to study music.‎ D．To recognize the value of jazz.‎ ‎2．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A．Jazz becoming more accessible.‎ B．The production of jazz growing faster.‎ C．Jazz being less popular with the young.‎ D．The jazz audience becoming larger.‎ ‎3．What can we infer about Moran's opinion on jazz?‎ A．It will disappear gradually.‎ B．It remains black and white.‎ C．It should keep up with the times.‎ D．It changes every 50 years.‎ ‎4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A．Exploring the Future of Jazz B．The Rise and Fall of Jazz C．The Story of a Jazz Musician D．Celebrating the Jazz Day ‎[策略指导]　‎ ‎(一)这样读文 第1步：宏观把握文章大意 分层 抓关键句 概括层意 行文结构 第1段 第1段画波浪线部分 联合国教科文组织设定第一个国际爵士乐日 并列分述 第2段 第2段画波浪线部分 在美国，爵士乐不像以前那样受欢迎 第3段 第3段画波浪线部分 杰森·莫兰希望爵士乐能受到喜爱并得以保护 第4段 第4段画波浪线部分 杰森·莫兰想做的事 第5段 第5段画波浪线部分 杰森·莫兰认为爵士乐应与时俱进 第6段 第6段画波浪线部分 杰森·莫兰希望爵士乐长盛不衰 第2步：微观突破理解障碍 What I'm hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white anymore.‎ ‎[句式分析]　what 引导的是主语从句，is后面是that引导的表语从句；而表语从句中，reconsider and understand 后又跟着一个that引导的宾语从句构成不定式短语作start的宾语。‎ ‎[自主翻译]　我一直希望完成的是我这一代人及年轻一代开始重新思考和理解爵士乐不再是单调的音乐。‎ ‎(二)这样做题 ‎[名师解题]‎ ‎1．细节理解题。选D　‎ 根据第一段的第二句可知，联合国教科文组织近来把4月30日设立为国际爵士乐日，旨在增强人们对爵士乐价值的认识，故答案为D。‎ ‎2．代词指代题。选C　根据语境可知，画线词that 指代第二段的内容，即爵士乐听众的数量减少并且趋于老龄化，不受年轻人喜欢的现状。‎ ‎3．推理判断题。选C　根据第五段的内容尤其是“It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same.”可知，由于时代在改变，人们的娱乐方式已经发生改变，所以爵士乐应该与时俱进，才能吸引更多的听众。‎ ‎4．标题归纳题。选A　本文介绍了为保护爵士乐，联合国教科文组织设立国际爵士乐日。纵观全文内容尤其是第三至第六段中提到的杰森·莫兰对爵士乐的看法及希望可知，A项“探索爵士乐的未来”为本文最佳标题。‎ ‎[阅读理解系列技法6]　阅读理解题的干扰项的设置手法 ‎1．包含项原则 在答案选项分析中，假如对A选项的理解概括了对其他三项(或其中某一项)的理解，那么我们就说选项A与其他三项是包含或概括关系，包含项A往往就是正确答案。例如在第1题中，爵士乐是音乐的一种，而音乐又是文化多样性的艺术方面的体现，这三者之间存在包含关系。这时，需要我们紧密联系文章的主旨，回归原文，选出正确的选项。‎ ‎2．正反项原则 所谓正反项，是指两选项陈述的命题完全相矛盾。根据形式逻辑排中律知识：两个相互矛盾的判断不能都是假的，其中必有一真。所以在阅读理解中，假如四个选项中A、B两项互为正反项，那我们通常先排除C、D两项，正确答案一般在A、B两项当中取其一。‎ ‎3．委婉项原则 所谓委婉，这里是指说话不能说死，要留有余地。阅读理解选项中语气平和、委婉的往往是正确答案。这些选项一般含有不十分肯定或试探性语气的表达，如：probably, possibly, may, usually, might, most of, more or less, relatively, be likely to, not necessary, although, yet, in addition, tend to等，而含有绝对语气的表达往往不是正确答案，如：must, always, never, the most, all, every, any, merely, only, completely, none, hardly, already等。‎ ‎4．同形项原则 几个选项如存在形式与结构上的相似，那它们就互为同形项。同形项组可喻为高尔夫球场上的“果岭”，而正确答案就是果岭上的“球洞”。命题者往往先将正确答案设置在一个大命题范围，然后通过语言形式的细微变化来考查考生的理解能力与分析能力。同形项原则告诉我们：词汇与句法结构相似的选项一般存在有正确答案。例如上文第1题，四个选项结构相同，A、 D 选项不仅结构相似，内容上都是关于爵士音乐的，答案在A、D项之间的可能性就会非常大。‎ ‎5．常识项原则 在议论文当中，那些符合一般常识，意义深刻富有哲理，符合一般规律，属于普遍现象的选项往往是正确答案。‎ ‎6．因果项原则 阅读理解逻辑推理基本都是通过因果链进行的，前因后果，一步步循序渐进。然而，在推理判断题型的选项中，有的选项会推理不到位(止于前因)，或者推理过头(止于后果)，这就是所谓的干扰项。因果项原则规定：假如四个选项中有两项互为同一事物推理过程中的因果关系，那么正确答案就是这两个因果项中的其中之一。如果因项可以产生几个结果，那么答案就是因项；如果果项可以对应几个原因，那么答案就是果项。‎ ‎(三)这样积累 ‎1．gather v．　　　　　　召集；聚集 ‎2．shrink v. 收缩；缩小 ‎3．widen v. (范围)扩大；拓宽 ‎4．preserve v. 保护；保存 ‎5．accomplish v. 完成 ‎6．entertainment n. 娱乐 ‎7．abstract adj. 抽象的 ‎8．foster v. 促进；鼓励 Ⅰ.语法填空 Now many singers and bands have little to do with good music.They know little about __1__ good music means.What is the ‎ cause?‎ Most of these singers so far __2__ (see) music as a “job” because it is a good way of making money.And if you have a good __3__ (appear) and also original or expensive clothes to show off at your concerts then your voice is not as __4__ (importance) as it should be.The public will prefer to admire more the most interesting parts of your body and even forget that you are there __5__ (show) your music skills, not your dancing, which is important too, but not at such a high level.‎ Therefore, many young girls on TV choose to wear the most provocative (挑逗性的) clothes to catch attention, but when it comes to __6__ (sing) they are in __7__ complete mess and one doesn't need to have an ear __8__ music to notice their lack of talent.‎ However, the young generation should understand talent and a good voice matter more in their musical career.All the bands that have little to do with good music fail to __9__ (view) as successful on stage.If a young man has a great voice and wants to become a singer, he should take some special courses in this area, __10__ will help him improve singing abilities.‎ 语篇解读：如今很多乐队和歌手仅仅因为金钱而从事音乐事业，反而忘了音乐的真正含义。‎ ‎1．what　此处所填词引导宾语从句，并在从句中作means的宾语，表示“什么”，故填what。‎ ‎2．have seen　根据句中的“so far”可知应用现在完成时。且“Most of these singers”与see之间为主动关系，故填have seen。‎ ‎3．appearance　根据空格前的“a good”可知这里应填名词appearance。‎ ‎4．important　此处是“as ...as ...”结构，两个as之间用形容词或副词的原级，由空格前的be动词is和句意可知，此处用形容词作表语。‎ ‎5．to show　此处应用动词不定式to show ...作目的状语。‎ ‎6．singing　when it comes to (doing) sth.表示“当谈及……时”，为固定搭配，其中to是介词，故此处用动名词singing。‎ ‎7．a 　in a mess表示“混乱，一团糟”。‎ ‎8．for　have an ear for表示“对……有鉴赏力”。‎ ‎9．be viewed　fail to do sth.表示“未能做某事”，为固定搭配；the bands与view之间是被动关系，再由view ...as ...“把……看作……”结构可知，故此处用被动形式be viewed。‎ ‎10．which　先行词是“special courses”，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 I had a really frustrating day on yesterday. I wanted do some research, but I couldn't get online. I try everything I could think of, but I couldn't solve the problem. So I had to ringing the helpline. I waited for ages listening to really annoying musics before someone picked up a phone. Luckily, the man was actual really nice and helped me find the problem. There's a little switch for the Internet connection on the side of his laptop, and it had somehow got shut off.‎ ‎ I didn't even know it was here! I switched it on but everything was fine. I felt so stupid for wasting a whole morning.‎ 答案：第一句：去掉on 第二句：wanted后加to 第三句：try→tried 第四句：ringing→ring 第五句：musics→music; a→the 第六句：actual→actually 第七句：his→my 第八句：here→there 第九句：but→and Ⅲ.书面表达 假定你是李华，本来计划今天与你的英国朋友Tom一起去市中心图书馆，但是因家中有事需立刻回家。请你根据提示用英语给他写一张留言条。内容包括：‎ ‎1．说明不能一起去的原因；‎ ‎2．告诉他如何去图书馆以及开放时间；‎ ‎3．请他帮你还书，并再帮你借一本英汉词典；‎ ‎4．他可以在图书馆看书、学习。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Tom，‎ I'm terribly sorry to say ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 参考范文：‎ Dear Tom，‎ I'm terribly sorry to say I can't go with you to the City Centre Library today because there is an urgent thing to deal with in my family and I have to go home immediately.‎ Can you do me a favor? I need you to help me return the books I borrowed last month or I'll be fined. You can take the No.1 bus at the bus station near our school, which will take you to the City Centre Library directly. The library opens from 9：00 am to 5：00 pm every day. You can study or read there if you have enough time. By the way, please borrow an EnglishChinese dictionary for me. I will be very thankful if you can help me.‎ Good luck!‎ Yours, ‎ Li Hua