人教初二上英语知识点 单元 22页

初二英语上册 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation ?‎ 1. anywhere adv. 否/疑问/条件状从 somewhere adv.肯 形容词放其后 Eg. You can go anywhere interesting you want.‎ ‎-Did you go ____B____last summer holiday?‎ ‎-Yes. I went to Shanghai Disney.‎ A. somewhere special B. anywhere special C. special somewhere D. special anywhere ‎2. 形容词修饰不定代词 everywhere 肯“到处” nowhere 不在任何地方-----反----anywhere任何地方 some-， any-, every-, no-, 加 –one, -body, -thing anything 复合不定代词 否/疑， if/whether之后 形容词放其后 something 肯 e.g. Do you have anything to say ?‎ Last night I saw someone strange lying on the ground near my home.‎ If you have anything important to tell me, please call me.‎ ‎-Tom, please come here. I have___C___ to tell you.‎ ‎-Ok. I’m coming.‎ A. anything important B. important something C. something important D. important anything ‎3. How do you like…? 你觉得…怎么样 ‎=What do you think of…? = How do you feel about…?‎ Eg. How do you like your new job?=What do you think of your new job?=How do you feel about your new job?‎ ‎4.bored 人 感受 -ed boring 物 事物的特征 -ing e.g. She is bored with her job.‎ The lecture was deadly boring. ‎ Do you find yourself getting impatient or __A____ with people over由于unimportant things?‎ A. bored B. boring C. tiring D. tired ‎5.because of +n. 短语，代词等 Because +句子 e.g. And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below.‎ And we couldn’t see anything below because the weather was bad.‎ ‎6.enough ‎ ‎ adj. I have enough money to buy a new book.‎ ‎ adv. He is not old enough to go to school.‎ adj. + enough + to do sth. 足够…做…‎ She is old _enough______ _to__ make her own decision.‎ ‎7. 一般过去时 过去发生的动作或状态 ‎（1）肯：主语+was/were/V-p +其他 We were pupils two years ago.‎ I went to the zoo last week.‎ ‎（2）否：主语+was/were + not ; 主语+ didn’t + V原 + 其他 He wasn’t here just now.‎ He didn’t go to school last Friday.‎ ‎（3）一般疑问句： Was/Were + 主语 + 其他 ？‎ Did + 主语 + V原 + 其他 ？‎ You were at home this morning.‎ Were you at home this morning?‎ Your brother played computer games last Sunday.‎ Did you brother play computer games last Sunday?‎ Unit 2 How often do you exercise ?‎ 1. 不得不；必须 have to 客观需要 must 主观愿望、看法 We had to walk to school yesterday.‎ It’s too late, I have to go now.‎ You must finish the work before.‎ We have to finish the work before lunch.‎ 2. want to do sth. 想要做sth.‎ I want to go shopping.‎ want sb. to do sth. 想要sb.做sth. V +宾+宾补 She wanted me to read it again.‎ 类似的动词：ask, teach, tell, wish, invite, order…‎ 3. be good +介词 be good to 对…很好 She is good to everyone.‎ be good for 对…有益/有好处 Eating vegetables is good for your health.‎ be good at 擅长 He is good at speaking English.‎ be good with 与…相处得好 He is very good with the children.‎ do harm to=be bad for=be harmful to 对…有害 ‎ Nowadays, almost everyone knows air pollution is harmful to people’s health.‎ It not only disturbs others, but also does harm to people’s hearing.‎ 4. it 作形式主语 动词不定式做真正的主语 It is/was + adj. + to do sth. 做sth….(adj.)‎ It is everyone’s duty to obey the law.‎ It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese.‎ It is/was + adj. (for sb.) + to do sth. 对sb.来说做sth.是…的 ‎ adj. 表事物的特征，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible…‎ e.g. It’s very hard for him to learn two foreign languages.‎ It is/was +adj. of sb. + to do sth. sb. 做sth.，真…(adj.)‎ adj. 表人物的性格、品德，常表示主观感情或态度，如：good, kind, nice, clever, foolish…‎ e.g. It’s very nice of you to help me.‎ ‎5. 频率副词 always总是；永远；始终 100% usually 通常；经常 75%‎ often 时常；常常 50% sometimes 有时 20%‎ hardly几乎不 5% never 从不 0%‎ 6. how often/soon/long/far how often“多久一次”频率 ‎ e.g.-How often do you visit your mother?‎ ‎ -Once a week.‎ how soon “多久之后”多久能完成 对（从即时起）到将来某个时刻间的时间长短提问，回答通常为 in+一段时间 ‎ e.g. –How soon will he be back？‎ ‎-In an hour.‎ how far “多远” 路程 ‎ ‎ e.g.-How far is it from here to the zoo?‎ ‎ -It’s 6 kilometers.‎ how long “时间多久；物体多长”一段时间/长度 一般对过去发生的时间提问 e.g. –How long did he stay here?‎ ‎ -About two weeks.‎ 对物体长度提问 e.g.-How long is the board?‎ ‎ -About one meter.‎ ‎7.through,across 介词 穿过 through 内部/中间 如人群中，阳光中，物体中间等等；可用于抽象 e.g. The sunlight comes through the glass.‎ ‎ I don't know how they get through these cold winters. ‎ across表面 go across 与cross（v./n.） 同义across是介词，有“横跨，横穿，穿越”之意。‎ e.g. Go across (Cross) the road, and you will find the post office on your right.‎ The Great Green Wall is across the northwest of China.绿色长城横跨中国西北 Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister 1. Both 做主语常与介词of连用，构成both…of…‎ e.g. Both of us like watching the talent show.‎ both …and… “两者都”链接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数 ‎ e.g. Both my father and my mother are English teachers.‎ ‎ Practice: -Please turn down the music. __C___Dad____ Mom are sleeping.‎ ‎ -Sorry, I’ll do it right away.‎ ‎ A. Neither; nor B. Either; or C. Both; and D. Not only; but also ‎2. ★反意疑问句的用法 规则：“前肯后方，前否后肯” ‎ ‎ 陈述部分+反义部分 希望证实所叙述的内容 两种结构：①肯定陈述+否定疑问 ‎ e.g. The students enjoy playing football, don’t they?‎ ②否定陈述+肯定反意疑问 e.g. You didn’t go, did you?‎ 情态动词/be/have(has)done/do I can speak English, _can’t I_____?‎ I can’t speak Japanese, _can I______?‎ She hasn’t been to Japan, _has she_______?‎ I didn’t go to school, _did__I_____?‎ ‎ Practice: He has few friends in his new school, __B___?‎ A. hasn’t he B. does he C. is he D. doesn’t he She is a nurse, _isn’t___she____?‎ She has eaten dinner, _hasn’t____she____?‎ I have a house, _don’t_____ _I__?‎ I have bought a car, _haven’t ____ ___I____?‎ I have a cold, __don’t ___ _I_?‎ She likes me, __doesn’t__ _she__?‎ He played cards, _didn’t___ __he__?‎ 如何回答，根据事实回答yes/no, 是否符合陈述部分 ‎“前否后肯” 的回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是”。‎ ‎ They work hard, don’t they?他们努力工作，不是吗？ Yes, they do.对,他们工作努力。/No, they don't.不，他们工作不努力。 They don’t work hard, do they? 他们不太努力工作，是吗？ Yes, they do. 不，他们工作努力。/No, they don't. 是的， 他们工作不努力。‎ 以Let’s开头的祈使句，附加问句用shall we；以Let us开头的，则用 will you e.g. Let’s go home， shall we？‎ ‎　　咱们回家吧，好吗？‎ ‎　　Let us go home， will you？‎ ‎　　让我们回家吧，好吗？‎ 1. ‎★let’s 和let us let’s中us包括对方 e.g. Let’s try again.咱们再试一下吧 Let us 不包括对方 e.g. Let us know the time of your arrival.告诉我们你到达的时间 practice: Mom, let’s go shopping.妈妈，我们一起去购物吧 ‎ Mom, let us go shopping. 妈妈，请允许我们去购物 2. as…as… 的用法 “像……一样……”用于同级比较 ① “as + 形容词/副词的原级+as…” 表示两者在某一方面相同或相等 e.g. Mary works as carefully as Linda.‎ ② “not as/so…as…” 不像…一样…‎ e.g. Spring isn’t as/so cold as winter.‎ ③ “as much/many+U/N+as…” 可用于表示数量 ‎ e.g. I haven’t got as much money as I thought. 我不像原来想象的有那么多钱。‎ ‎ Practice: My father think writing is as ___A__ as reading.‎ A. Interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. more interested 1. have fun 的用法 “玩得高兴，过得快乐”‎ have fun (in) doing sth. 做sth.有乐趣 have a good time enjoy oneself e.g. We have fun (in) reading English novels.‎ Practice: -Did you have __A__ good time yesterday?‎ ‎ -Yeah, I really had _____ fun at the party.‎ A. a; / B. a; the C. /; the D. the; a ‎5. make make sb. do sth. 让/使sb. 做sth. ‎ e.g. His words made us feel so excited.‎ ‎ The boss made the workers work day and night.‎ ‎★see, watch, look at 三看 ‎ hear, listen to 两听 feel一感 以及let, have, make 三个使役动词后跟省略to的不定式做宾补 e.g. Did you hear him go out?‎ ‎ I often see him play basketball in the playground.‎ Practice: The child is crying. Please do something to make him___B__.‎ A. stop to cry B. stop crying C. to stop crying ‎6. as long as “只要”条件状从 ‎ e.g. You may take this book away as long as you return it on time.‎ ‎ Practice: -What’s your opinion on friends? 你对于朋友的观点是什么 ‎ -They are like books. We don’t need a lot of them ___A___ they are good.‎ ‎ A. as long as B. as soon as C. so that D. as if ‎7. the same as 和…一样 ‎ e.g. Your opinion is the same as mine.‎ ‎ Practice: It’s not necessary to find a friend who is the same __B__ you.‎ A. in B. as C. to D. from ‎8. be similar to sb./sth. 与sb./sth.相似 ‎ e.g. My problems are similar to yours.‎ ‎ Practice: Nana is __D___ to her father in many ways. For example, they are both tall.‎ A. different B. kind C. friendly D. similar ‎9. be different from 和…不同 反义词the same as ‎ e.g. My job is different from his.‎ ‎ Practice：-Are you different ____ your friend?‎ ‎ -No, we are similar ______ each other.‎ ‎ A. from, to B. to, from C. from, from D. in, from ‎※ different adj. difference n.不同点 ‎ important adj. importance n. 重要性 ‎10.★ 形容词、副词比较级、最高级 比较级/最高级变化规则：‎ 变化规则 例词 单音节 和部分双音节词 一般在词尾加-er/ -est smaller, taller, higher 以不发音的e结尾加-r/-st finer, nicer, later 以辅音字母加y结尾，y变i 加-er/-est easier, earlier, heavier, happier 重度闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母，双写加-er/-est bigger, fatter, thinner,‎ 多音节和部分双音节 词前加more/most more outgoing/interesting 常见不规则 many/much变more, most good/well变better, best ‎ bad/ill变worse, worst little/few变less, least far变farther/further, farthest/furthest old变older/elder, oldest/eldest ‎ ‎ ‎10.1 比较级特别用法和句型 ‎（1）同级比较 ①倍数比较：‎ Your room is twice as big as mine.‎ This bridge is three times as long as that one.‎ My handwriting is not half as good as yours.‎ ②as…as possible 表示尽可能…‎ ‎ He is coming here as fast as possible.= He is coming here as fast as he can.‎ ‎（2）可用于修饰比较级的词主要包括：much, a bit, a little, a lot, rather, far, even, still, a great deal, twice, many times, one third, any等 Tom is much shorter than his brother.‎ Don't go by plane. It's a lot more expensive.‎ In my eyes, Susan is pretty while Lucy is even prettier.‎ My sister is two years younger than me.‎ It is one-fourth cheaper than the market price.‎ 比较级……比较级……,表示“越……,就越…‎ The more money you make, the more you spend.‎ The younger you are, the easier it is to learn.‎ The faster I type, the more mistakes I make.‎ ‎（3）the+比较级+ of the two, “两个中比较……的”‎ Of the two girls, Lynn is the more beautiful girl.‎ He is the better of the two.‎ Mary is the taller of the twins.‎ ‎（4）表示倍数 Our classroom is twice bigger than theirs.‎ This rule is three times longer than that one.‎ ‎10.2 最高级其他用法 ‎（1）“主语+ be + one of the adj.最高级 + 名词复数 + 范围”表示“…是…中最…之一”‎ Computer is one of the most important inventions in the world.‎ This is one of the most interesting stories I have ever heard.‎ ‎（2）adj. 最高级前可加序数词，表示“第几最…”‎ The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.‎ ‎11. both, all, neither, none, either的用法 both: 两者都…‎ both两者都 ‎ neither 两者都不 all三者都 none 三者都不 Both of my friends are friends.‎ Both he and his brother are students.‎ All of us like to eat apples. =We all like to eat apples.‎ All of the oil is used up.‎ Neither of my parents （v单数）is coming here.‎ Neither James nor I am from Canada.（就近原则）‎ None of us agreed with him.‎ Unit 4 What’s the best movie theater?‎ 1. be close to 离…近 The supermarket is close to my house.‎ close adj. 亲密的，密切的 She is a close friend of theirs.‎ close V. 关闭 Please close the window before leaving the office.‎ ‎-Where is Shenzhen Concert Hall? How can we get there?‎ ‎-It is close to the bookshop.‎ A. behind B. opposite C. near ‎2. some 的特殊用法 ‎ 通常some 肯定句 any 否定句 ‎ There are some letters for you.‎ ‎ Are there any letters for me?‎ ‎☆在表示请求或建议的疑问句中，希望得到肯定回答时，通常用some不用any May I have some paper?‎ Can you lend me some money?‎ Why not give her some flowers?‎ Would you like some bananas?‎ Shall I get some water for you?‎ ‎-Would you like_____ coffee?‎ ‎-No, thanks. I don’t want ______ drinks now.‎ A. any, any B. any, some C. some, any D. some, some ‎3. have… in common“有相同特征；（想法、兴趣等方面）相同”‎ ‎ have nothing in common 没有共同点 ‎ The two sisters have nothing in common.‎ 所有这些文章都有一个共同之处。‎ All these articles have one thing ______ ____________.‎ play a role 发挥作用，有影响 play an important role in… 在…中起重要作用 若要进一步引出具体内容用介词in, “在…起重要作用或承担某种角色”‎ The media play a major role in influencing people’s opinions.‎ The internet ____ an important ______ in people’s work and life.‎ ‎4. look like, take after, be similar to ‎ look like 看起来像… （外观上像）‎ You look like your father.‎ ‎ take after 长得像，行为、性格等像，有时相当于be similar to ‎ Mary really takes after her mother.‎ be similar to 用法广泛，相似的物品或情景的对比上 My pen is similar to yours.‎ Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?‎ 1. mind 介意 常用于否定句、疑问句 介词 ‎-Would you mind lending me your bike?‎ ‎-Of course not.‎ plan 名词 make a plan for sth. 为某事制定计划 ‎ a plan to do sth. 制定计划做sth.‎ 作动词 plan to do sth. 计划做sth.‎ ‎-What are you going to do tonight?‎ ‎-I plan________ Days of Our Past.我们逝去的日子 A. watch B. watching C. to watch D. watched ‎2. hope ‎ hope to do sth. 希望做sth. 但是不能接“宾语+不定式”，可跟that（that可省）从句 I hope to arrive home as soon as possible.‎ I hope (that) you can help me with my math.（不能说I hope you to help me with my math.）‎ We hope to see you again.= We hope we can see you again.‎ She said she hoped ________ her daughter.‎ A. to see B. you to see C. seeing ‎3. famous ‎ be famous for 因…而出名 Beijing is famous for many places of interest.名胜古迹 be famous as 作为…而出名 Sun Yang is famous as a swimmer.‎ ‎4. ready ‎ ‎ be ready to do sth. 准备好、乐于做某事 He is always ready to help others.‎ ‎ be/get ready for sth. 为sth.准备 I’m ready for my English test.‎ ‎ try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力去做sth.‎ I plan to try my best to help the old man.‎ ‎5. look, see, watch, notice ‎ look看 (强调动作 集中注意力有意识的行为)‎ Look！ The bus is coming.‎ ‎ see 看见，看到 (强调看的结果)‎ Can you see the UFO in the sky.‎ ‎ watch 观看 (强调专注地看，有欣赏意味，多指看电视节目、比赛)‎ Do you often watch this TV program?‎ ‎ notice 注意到 (常指无意识的行为)‎ He passed by me without noticing me.‎ ‎6. expect, hope, wish, look forward to ‎ expect “期望、待”（相信有实现可能的） n./ to do/宾语+宾补 We expect him to come to help us.‎ ‎ hope 主观愿望，(对实现有信心 ) to do短语/that从句，不可接宾语+ 不定式 I hope to spend a year in America after I leave school.‎ ‎ wish “但愿，希望” (未完成或不能完成) to do 短语/双宾语/宾+宾补/that从句 We wish him to feel well again soon.‎ ‎ look forward to“盼望，期望”(向往某事) 其中to为介词 We are looking forward to seeing you soon.‎ ‎6. happen, take place 发生 无被动 ‎ happen 偶然或突发事件 An accident happened in that street.‎ ‎ take place 一般指安排或计划发生的 When will your wedding take place.‎ Unit 6 I’ m going to study computer science.‎ 1. ‎ 1. 表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态。‎ 2. 将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态 例句 ‎1. He will get married. 他就快结婚了 [1]  。‎ ‎2. She will have a daughter.她就会有个女儿了。‎ 3. The cat will have a master.猫要有主人了。‎ 4. The dog will have a house. 狗就要有窝了。‎ 5. Telephone me this evening. I‘ll be at home. 今晚给我打电话，我会在家。‎ 6. I'll（shall/will）do a better job next time. 下次我要干得好 7. The car won‘t start.车开不了啦。‎ 8. Oil and water will not mix. 油水没法混在一起。‎ 9. Will you do your homework on Sunday？‎ 10. Will she go to Shanghai next year？‎ 11. Will Tom wash his clothes tomorrow?‎ 12. Mary isn’t here now；She will be back in an hour.‎ 13. If I give him five books，he will be happy.‎ 14. 特别注意：will是情态动词，其后面必须跟动词原形。如果，后面是副词（back是副词），或者是形容词（happy是形容词），要在will后面加上be。‎ ‎①肯定句：主语+ be going to do /主语+will+ 动词原形 ②否定句：主语+ be not going to do /主语+ will not+ 动词原形 ‎ ‎③疑问句：Be动词+主语+ going to do /Will+主语+ 动词原形 简略回答：（肯）Yes,主语shall/will (否) No,主语 shall/will not ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（就主语提问时，以疑问 词who开头的疑问词除外） ----- Why will you be here on Sunday?（周日你为什么将要在这儿？） -----I will have a meeting on Sunday（我将要在周日举行一个聚会）‎ ‎（对特殊疑问句要进行具体回答） 一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改any, and改or，第一二人称互换 We are going to go on an outing this weekend.-------Are you going to go on an outing this weekend? 被动句：will/shall+be+V.ed(及物动词过去分词） The letter will be sent tomorrow.这封信明天将寄出去 We shall be punished if we break the rule.如果我们违反规定，我们将受到惩罚。‎ shall 仅用于第一人称，will用于所有人称 will, be going to ‎ be going to 主观计划、打算、安排 不宜用be going to 的情况： ①临时决定将要做 Someone is knocking the door, and I’ll open it.‎ ②客观必然会发生的事 Tomorrow will be Sunday.‎ ‎2. too…to…太…而不能…‎ He is too young to join the army.‎ too +adj./adv. (原级) + to +V. 原 有时可带由介词for引出的逻辑主语 ‎ The box is too heavy for the boy to carry. ‎ too…to…与so…that…之间的转换 that 后从句为否定式 ‎ 主句主语和从句主语相同（主主从主相同）so…that 可用too…to He was too tired to walk on.= He was so tired that he couldn’t walk on. ‎ ‎ 主句主语和从句主语不一样（主主从主不同）so…that可用too…for sb. to…‎ The bag is too heavy for her to move.=The bag is so heavy that she can’t move it. ‎ too…to…有时可与mot…enough to… 互换 She is too young to go to school.‎ ‎= She is so young that she can’t go to school.‎ ‎=She is not old enough to go to school.‎ The train travelled ______ fast for us to see much outside the window.‎ A. quite B. very C. too D. so ‎ Unit 7 Will people have robots?‎ ‎1. 一般将来时的构成 ‎“助动词will + 动词原形”‎ 人称 肯定式 否定式 疑问式 第一人称 I/We will go I/We will not go Shall I/we go ‎ 第二人称 You will go ‎ You will not go Will you go 第三人称 He/She/It/They will go He/She/It/They will not go Will he/she/it/they go He will get married. 他就快结婚了 [1]  。‎ She will have a daughter.她就会有个女儿了。‎ The cat will have a master.猫要有主人了 there be 句型的一般将来时 There will be 是there be 的一般将来时 结构：“There will be + 主+ 其他”‎ ‎ “There is/are going to be +主+ 其他”‎ ‎ There will be more flowers.‎ ‎ There is going to be a basketball match this afternoon.‎ 否定句 There will not/won’t be +主…‎ 一般疑问 Will there be +主…‎ 肯定回答 Yes, there will.‎ 否定回答 No，there won’t.‎ There won’t be more cars in the future.‎ ‎--Will there be more cars in the future?‎ ‎--Yes, there will.‎ ‎--No, there won’t.‎ The TV news reports that there _______ a storm the day after tomorrow.‎ A. is B. was C. will be D. has been ‎2. a few (肯) 一些；几个 few (否) 几乎没有 a little （肯）一点 little (否) 几乎没有 He’s lived here for a long time but has few friends.‎ He’s lived here for a short time but has already had a few friends.‎ ‎3. It takes + 时间+ to do sth.‎ ‎ It takes/ took/ will take sb. some time to do sth.某人花费一段时间做某事 It took us half an hour to cook dinner.‎ ‎4. hundred/thousand 与数字连用，用单数 I have two hundred and thirty-five books.‎ ‎ hundreds/thousands of 不与具体数字连用，表示不确定的数时 ‎“大量；许多；数百计的；成百的”“成千上万的；数千计的”‎ There are hundreds of books on the desk.‎ In our hometown, ________ villagers leave for big cities to look for jobs.‎ A. two hundreds of B. hundred of C. hundreds of D. two hundreds ‎5. cost, take, pay, spend ①cost sth. costs /cost sb.+ 钱数 A new computer costs me a lot of money.‎ ②It takes/took(sb.) some time to do sth.‎ It took them three years to build this road.‎ ③sb. pays/paid some money for sth.‎ I paid fifty yuan for the coat.‎ ④sb. spends/spent some money/time on sth./in doing sth.‎ I spent fifty yuan on the coat.=I spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat.‎ Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?‎ ‎1. cut up切碎 cut off切断 cut in 插嘴 cut out 删除，减去 cut in line 插队 cut down 砍倒，缩减 cut …into…把…切成…‎ Let’s cut two bananas up first.= Let’s cut up two bananas first.‎ ‎2. turn on 打开 turn off 关闭 Please turn on/off the light.‎ turn up 调大 He turned up the radio.‎ turn down 调小 ‎ The TV is too loud. Please turn it down.‎ ‎3. one more 另外一个 ‎--How many more stamps do you want?‎ ‎--Four more please.‎ 基数词+more “再多几个”‎ another+基数词+名词 ‎ I shall stay another five months.‎ He decided to have one more try.‎ She’s going to have another baby.‎ ‎--Ms. Wang, I’m afraid I can’t finish the work in two days.‎ ‎--Don’t worry. I’ll give you _____ days.‎ A. two another B. two more C. more two D. two many ‎4. forget ‎ ‎ ①forget to do sth. 忘记要去做sth. （未做）‎ The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.‎ ②forget doing sth. 忘记做过sth. （已做）‎ I forget closing the door.我忘记已经关上门了 ‎--Sam, don’t forget _______ the book to the library tomorrow.‎ ‎--OK, I won’t.‎ A. return B. returning C. returned D. to return ‎5. ‎ 可数名词的修饰词a, an, 基数词 many many apples a few a few students few few people 不可数名词修饰词 much much rain/oil a little a little water little little meat 既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词 lots of= a lot of 许多；大量 some 一些（肯定句）‎ ‎6. 祈使句：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等，主语是第二人称，通常省略 ‎ V型祈使句： 行为动词开头 Listen to me, please.‎ ‎ B型祈使句： be开头 Be quiet, please.‎ ‎ L型祈使句：let 开头 Let me help you. Let’s go home!‎ ‎ N型祈使句：No photos! No smoking!‎ ‎ P 型祈使句：Please sit down.= Sit down, please.‎ ‎ D型祈使句：“don’t + V原”开头 Don’t talk in class.‎