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人教新目标初二上Unit同步语法专题不定代词答案不全

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辅导科目 英语 就读年级 初二 ‎ 教师姓名 课 题 专题:不定代词 授课时间 备课时间 教学目标 了解不定代词做的句子成分;‎ 掌握不定代词(如some, any, few等)的用法;‎ 掌握复合不定代词(如someone, anybody等)的用法;‎ 重、难点 介词by及动名词的用法 教学内容 走进“不定代词”‎ ‎①什么是不定代词?‎ 不定代词大部分可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。‎ ‎②不定代词能做什么成分?‎ ‎◆作主语 Both of them are teachers.他们两人都是教师。‎ ‎◆作宾语 I know nothing about this person.我对这个人一无所知。‎ ‎◆作表语 This book is too much difficult for a child.这本书对一个小孩来说太难了。‎ ‎◆作定语 There is a little water in the glass.玻璃杯里有一些水。‎ ‎◆作状语 I can't find my book anywhere. 我在任何地方都不能找到我的书。‎ some ‎ ‎【some用法归纳】‎ ① some通常用于肯定句,表示“几个,一些”,既可以修饰可数[C],也可修饰不可数[U].既可指人,也可指物。‎ 例:some books some water ‎ Some like sports, others like music.‎ ② some也可以用于疑问句中表示征求别人意见,而希望得到对方的肯定回答。‎ 例:Would you like some coffee? ‎ ‎ Could you give me some more apples? ‎ ③ some有时可修饰单数可数名词,表示“某个”。‎ 例:This morning, some boy asked for you.‎ ‎ There must be some reason for what he’s done. ‎ ‎ any  any通常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句,修饰单数或复数可数名词以及不可数名词。‎ 例:If there are any new magazines in the library, take some for me.‎ 图书馆如果来了新杂志,替我借几本。‎ Are there any stamps in the drawer? 抽屉里有邮票吗?‎ Is there any money with you? 你身上带钱了吗?‎ ② any还可以用于肯定句,作“任何的”解。‎ 例:You can come here any time. 你什么时候来都行。‎ You can get it at any shop. 你可以在任何一家商店买到它。‎ ‎(a)few; (a)little ‎ 用法 ‎ 表示肯定 ‎ 表示否定 ‎ 修饰或代替复数可数名词 a few (虽然不多,但有几个)‎ ‎ few (几乎没有)‎ ‎ 修饰或代替不可数名词 a little (虽然不多,但有一点)‎ ‎ little (几乎没有)‎ ① few的意思是“没有几个”; a few的意思是“少数”, “几个”; 修饰可数名词; a few表示肯定意义, few表示否定意义。‎ 例:The problem is so difficult that few people can solve it. 这个问题太难了,几乎没人能做出来。‎ Only a few people can solve this problem. 只有几个人能解决这个问题。‎ Few of them want to go. 他们中几乎没有人想去。‎ A few of them want to go. 他们中有几个人想去。‎ ② little“没有多少”,a little“少量”,修饰不可数名词;‎ a little表示肯定意义,little表示否定意义。‎ 例:There is little rainfall this spring. 今年春季雨水很少。‎ Although it did not rain for the whole month, there is a little water in the pond.‎ 虽然整整一个月没下雨了,但池塘里还有一点水。‎ either, both, all ① either表示“两者中的任何一个”。‎ 例:Either of the brothers is selfish. 两兄弟都非常自私。‎ Either will do. 两个都行。‎ ② both“两个都”,修饰可数名词,统指两者。‎ 例:Tom and Jack both made some progress. 汤姆和杰克两个都有所进步。‎ Both of them should make concessions. 他们双方都应做出让步。‎ ③ all“全部,所有的”,修饰可数名词和不可数名词,指两个以上的人或物。‎ 例:All the students contributed to the fund. 所有的学生都为基金会捐了款。‎ All of the money has been spent. 钱都花完了。‎ We are all for you. 我们都支持你。‎ Say all you know and say it without reserve. 知无不言,言无不尽。‎ no, neither, none ① no“不”,可修饰单数和复数可数名词以及不可数名词。‎ 例:Time and tide wait for no man. 时不我待。‎ There are no clouds in the sky. 天上没有云。‎ I have no money for such things. 我没钱买这些东西。‎ ② neither“两者中哪个都不”,其所指范围是两个人或物。‎ 例:Neither answer is correct. 两个答案都不对。‎ Neither of the two countries is satisfied with the result of the talk.‎ 两个国家都不满意会谈的结果。‎ ③ none“没有一个人或东西”,它既可指可数名词(其所指范围是两个以上的人或物),又可指不可数名词。‎ 例:All of the trees were cut down, and none was were left. 所有的树都被砍了,一棵也不剩。‎ None of the students failed the examination. 没有一个学生考试不及格。‎ None of this money is his. 这笔钱没有一点儿是他的。‎ another,other,the other,‎ others,the others ① another指同类中多个东西中的“另一个” (即one more)。‎ 例:This watch doesn't work, I must get another one. 这块表坏了,我该另买一块了。‎ He went back to work too soon,and was laid up for another three months.‎ 他回去上班过早,结果又病倒三个月。‎ 注意: other与物主限定词连用也可指余下的另一个或全部。‎ 如:Use your other hand. 用你的另一只手。‎ Mary is older than me but my other sisters are younger. 玛丽比我大,其余的都是我妹妹。‎ ② other单独使用时指其他的、另外的人或物。‎ 例:There must be some other reason for him refusing to help. 他不予帮助一定另有原因。‎ I saw Tom with some other fellow students. 我看见汤姆和其他一些同学在一起。‎ ③ the other one/ones.指同类中余下的另一个或另一些。‎ 例:I'll have to use our duplicate key. I lost the other one.‎ 我不得不用我们的备用钥匙了,我把那一把丢了。‎ Where are the other students? 其他学生去哪儿了?‎ One of the murderers was caught, but the other is still at large.‎ 一个凶手被抓住了,另一个却依然逍遥法外。‎ ④ others是other的复数形式,指其他的、另外的人或物。‎ 例:We should not think only of our children, there are others to be cared for also.‎ 我们不应该只想到自己的孩子,还有别的孩子也需要照顾。‎ Others may object to this plan. 别人可能会反对这个计划。‎ ⑤ the others表示同类中余下的全部。‎ 例:The search party was divided into two groups. Some went to the right, the others went to the left. 搜寻小组一分为二,一部分人向右,另一部分向左。‎ Jenny is cleverer than any of the others in her class.‎ 珍妮比班上的其他(任何)人都聪明。‎ 附表:‎ 单数 单数 ‎≥3‎ 每一个 every 单数 单数 ‎≥2‎ 每一个 each 单数或复数 ‎○‎ ‎≥3‎ 三者或三者以上都不 none 单数或复数 单数或复数 ‎≥3‎ 三者或三者以上都 all 单数 单数 ‎=2‎ 两者都不 neither 单数 单数 ‎=2‎ 两者中的任何一个 either 复数 复数 ‎=2‎ 两者都 both 作主语时动词的数 作定语时名词的数 数量关系 含义 不定代词 复合不定代词 ‎①什么是复合不定代词?‎ 复合不定代词是由some-,any-,no-,every-加上-one,-body,-thing所组成的不定代词。‎ ‎②复合不定代词包括哪些?‎ someone(某人) somebody(某人) something(某事物) somewhere(某地)‎ anyone(任何人) anybody(任何人) anything(任何事物) anywhere(任何地方)‎ no one(没人) nobody(没人) nothing(没事物) nowhere(没有地方)‎ everyone(每个人)everybody(每个人) everything(一切事物) everywhere(一切地方),这些复合代词具有名词性质,在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语。‎ ‎※注意:‎ ‎◆复合不定代词若作主语,其谓语动词一般用单数.‎ ‎ 例:I am new here, so nobody knows me. (我是新来的,因此没人认识我。)‎ ‎ Somebody is waiting for you at the gate. (有人在门口等你。)‎ ‎◆形容词修饰不定代词时,该形容词必须后置。‎ Something strange happened in our neighborhood. (我们小区发生了一些奇怪的事情。)‎ There’s nothing difficult in the world if you put your heart into it. (世上无难事,只怕有心人)‎ Is there anybody important here? 这儿有大人物吗?‎ Would you like something to eat? 要来些吃的东西吗?‎ ③ 含some-和any-的复合不定代词间的用法区别 由some-和any-所构成的复合不定代词(即something和anything;someone和anyone;somebody和anybody)之间的区别跟some和any的区别一样。‎ ‎◆something,someone,somebody通常用于肯定句中,而anything,anyone,anybody一般用于否定句,疑问句或条件状语从句中。‎ 如:He found something strange but interesting.他发现了一些奇怪但却有趣的事情。‎ Do you have anything to say ?你有话要说吗?‎ I can’t meet anybody on the island. 在岛上,我没遇见任何人。‎ ‎◆在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句,和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句,以及表示反问的问句中,也用something,someone,somebody等复合不定代词。‎ 如: Would you like something to eat?要些吃的东西吗?‎ Isn’t there something wrong with you? 难道你没问题吗?‎ ‎◆当anything表示“任何事(物),无论何事(物)”,anyone,anybody表示“无论谁,任何人”等意义时,它们也可以用于肯定句中。‎ 如:Anything is OK. 什么都行。‎ Anybody knows the answer.任何人都知道答案。‎ ④ 复合不定代词的否定 ‎◆“not every-”表示的是部分否定,意为“并非都,不都”。‎ 例:Not everything will go well. 并非一切都会那么顺利。‎ The teacher didn’t call everyone’s name. 老师并没有点所有人的名。‎ ◆ ‎“not any-”和no-均表示全否定。‎ 例:He listened, but heard nothing.他听了听,但什么也没听到。‎ ‎= He listened, but didn’t hear anything.‎ You haven’t called anyone/anybody up, have you? 你没给谁打过电话,是吗?‎ ‎= You have called no one/nobody up, have you?‎ 夯实基础 稳步提高 Ⅰ.单项选择。‎ ‎( )1.Today, _____ trees are still being cut down somewhere in the world.‎ ‎  A.much too  B.too much  C.many too  D.too many ‎( )2.There are lots of English books here, and _____ of them is easy to understand.‎ ‎  A.both  B.all  C.every  D.each ‎( )3.Is the shirt on the bed ______ ?‎ ‎  A.yours  B.your  C.you ‎( )4.Mr. Green taught ______ English last year.‎ ‎  A.our  B.we  C.us ‎( )5.These sweaters are too small for me. Please show me ______ one.‎ ‎  A.other  B.others  C.the others  D.another ‎( )6.Mary can't go with us. ______ has to look after ______ mother at home.‎ ‎  A.She; his  B.She; her  C.He; her  D.He; His ‎( )7.There isn't ____ paper in the box. Will you go and get ____ for me?‎ ‎  A.any; some  B.any; any  C.some; some  D.some; any ‎( )8.I often help ____ .‎ ‎  A.he or she  B.his and her  C.him and her  D.his and hers ‎( )9.There are some trees on ____ side of the street.‎ ‎  A.both  B.all  C.either  D.every ‎( )10.---“Which of the two dictionaries do you like better?”‎ ‎----“I like ____ , because they're not useful.”‎ ‎  A.both  B.either  C.all  D.neither ‎( )11.They were all very tired, but ____ of them would stop to take a rest.‎ ‎  A.any  B.some  C.none  D.neither ‎( )12.There were ____ people and---- noise in the park last Sunday.‎ ‎  A.many; much  B.much; much  C.much; many  D.many; many ‎( )13.____ of them has a dictionary and ____ one of them can look up words in the dictionary.‎ ‎  A.Each; every  B.Every; each  C.Each; each  D.Every; every ‎( )14.Please keep together. We want ____ of you to get lost.‎ ‎  A.none  B.some  C.many  D.any ‎( )15.There is ____ water here; but there are quite ____ empty glasses. ‎ ‎  A.little; a few  B.few; little  C.few; a few  D.little; a little ‎1.D.too much只能修饰不可数名词,too many只修饰可数名词;A项只修饰形容词或副词;C项本身就是错误的。‎ ‎2.D.every和each都作“每一个”讲,但every只能作定语;each既可作定语,还可作主语、宾语、同位语等成分。both和all作主语(代替可数名词),谓语动词应用复数。‎ ‎3.A ‎ ‎4.C.代词作宾语应用标本宾格,us是we的宾格。‎ ‎5.D.other意为“别的、其它的”,可修饰单数名词,也可修饰复数名词。others表示“别人”或“‎ 别的事物”,是泛指的复数概念。the other是特指的“其余的(人或物)”。another是泛指的“另一个(人或物)。” ‎ ‎6.B.She在句中作主语,故用主格,her作物主代词。 ‎ ‎7.A. ‎ ‎8.C.代词作宾语应用宾格。 ‎ ‎9.C.此处的either可换用each; both后修饰复数名词。‎ ‎10.D.后一个分句说“没有用”,当然是“两个都不喜欢。”‎ ‎11.C.前一句说“她们都累了”,后一句说“他们都不愿停下来休息”,故填none.‎ ‎12.A.“人多(many)”故然“噪音大(much)”。‎ ‎13.A.each可作主语,而every不能,故第一空填each。every 和each 都不可作定语,但every强调全体,而each强调“个体”,故第二空填every。‎ ‎14.A.前一句说“让大家靠近些”。后一句是说希望大家谁也不要掉队,故用none。‎ ‎15.A.前一空填little,表示“水很少”.第二空填a few,修饰可数名词 glasses,注意quite a few的意思是“好几个”。‎ 二.选词填空 ‎ anything,everything, nothing  everyone  no one Dear Bill, ‎ How was your vacation? Did you do _______interesting? Did ________in the family go with you? I went to a friend’s farm in the countryside with my family.__________was great. We fed some hens and saw some baby pigs. They were so cute! The only problem was that there was ____________much to do in the evening but read. Still __________seemed to be bored. Bye for now. ‎