备战2021 中考英语 导练案 考点36 任务型阅读之判断正误 （教师版） 21页

考点 36 任务型阅读之判断正误 一、任务型阅读理解题解读 任务型阅读理解测试主要考查考生在有限的时间内根据不同的人的不同需要捕捉到相应的有效信息的 能力。任务型阅读理解题所选文章题材真实可靠，内容贴近现代社会生活，涉及学生生活、富有时代气息， 语言原汁原味。 该题型主要考查考生是否能够有效地运用语言＂做事＂的能力，体现了语言能力、智力能力和社会经 验等方面能力的有机结合。从某种意义上来说，这一题型的阅读理解实际上就是一道高水平的智能检测题 ——综合检测考生的阅读、理解、分析、判断、跨文化交际知识以及心理感悟能力等。如果考生心理承受 力比较弱，或者应试时头脑一时不那么开窍，恐怕很快就会感觉犹如＂雾里看花＂，似它非它了；而且考 生对某一题的错误判断会影响其对其他题目作出正确的分析和判断，产生曼延作用。 二、解题步骤 任务型阅读理解题的解题的关键在于正确把握要求与符合要求的条件之间的一一对应关系，该类的 ＂对应＂可能是＂主旨对应＂，也可能是＂情节对应＂，还可以是＂细节对应＂等。同学们只要能够把握 住这一原则就能轻松做好这种试题。 ＂一一对应阅读方法＂的具体步骤如下： 第一步：认真阅读背景介绍，了解话题或主题。 第二步：仔细阅读题目，找出不同人物的不同要求，并在关键词下划线，以便有利于为后面的顺利解题创 造良好的条件。 第三：对照题目的要求，从选项中选出符合以上要求的对应条件。有时，只要顺着关键词的线索就能轻松 找到正确的答案。 第四步：快速对照要求和条件两条线索通读一遍，做到万无一失，提高答题的准确率。 A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断其后面所给句子的对错，并在答题卡上将所选的对应选项 涂黑。选"对"涂 A，选"错"涂 B。 One day, Tom's teacher, Miss Mak held a class meeting. "There will be a flag day next Saturday. Does anyone want to join this meaningful event(活动)?" asked Miss Mak. Tom was interested in raising money for homeless children but he was not brave enough to talk to the strangers, so he kept quiet in his seat. "Tom, you haven't sold flags before," said Miss Mak suddenly. "Would you like to have a try?" Tom was hesitant(犹豫的), but he finally nodded. On the flag day, Tom and Angela sold flags in a busy street. "Excuse me, Could you please buy?" said Angela softly to the first person she met. The man smiled and put fivedollar coin into Angela's collection bag. Then she said thanks and put a flag under his shoulder. "I did it!" said Angela happily. "It's your turn now." Feeling nervous, Tom began to shake. Soon, he saw a young lady walking towards him. The lady was smiling and holding a few coins in her hand. She asked, "Are you selling flags for Fund for the Homeless Children?" Tom's face became red and said yes. Then the lady made the donation(捐赠) and Tom gave her a flag. "You made it!" laughed Angela. In the next couple of hours, Angela and Tom sold flags quickly and bravely. At last, their collection bags were so heavy that they had to hold them with both arms. They felt very proud. 11. Tom kept quiet in his seat because he was not interested in the activity. A. Right. B. Wrong. 12. When Miss Mak asked Tom to have a try, he finally nodded. A. Right. B. Wrong. 13. Tom and Angela sold flags in a busy street. A. Right. B. Wrong. 14. The first man pay Angela ten dollars for the flag. A. Right. B. Wrong. 15. Tom and Angela feel confident after they sold the flags. A. Right. B. Wrong. 【答案】11. B 12. A 13. A 14. B 15. A 【解析】本文主要讲述了 Tom 和 Angela 在街上卖旗子的经历和体验。 【11 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第 1 大段“Tom was interested in raising money for homeless children but he was not brave enough to talk to the strangers” Tom 对为无家可归的孩子们筹集钱是感兴趣的，但是他没有勇气和陌生人说 话。可知，不是因为不感兴趣。故选 B。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第 2 大段“but he finally nodded.”但是他最后点头了。可知，故选 A。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第 3 大段“Tom and Angela sold flags in a busy street.” Tom 和 Angela 在繁忙的街上卖旗子。 可知，故选 A。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第 3 大段“The man smiled and put fivedollar coin into Angela's collection bag.”这个男人付了 5 美元，可知，不是 10 美元。故选 B。 【15 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第 5 大段“They felt very proud”他们感觉很骄傲。可推测在原来的没有勇气和担忧，变成 卖完旗子后的骄傲，他们是有自信了。故选 A。 B 阅读理解 阅读下列短文，做出正误判断或选出最佳答案。A 篇为判断正(A)误(B)题，B、C 篇 为选择题。 A When we were little kids, we knew about traffic lights. The color red means stop, the color green means go and the color yellow means slow down or show some caution (小心). But why are these colors used for traffic lights? Why couldn't they be colors like blue, brown or orange? Here is the history of the colors for traffic lights. Well, it's important to know that before there were traffic lights for cars, there were traffic signals (信号) for trains. At first, railway companies used red to mean stop, white to mean go and green to mean caution. But train drivers had a few problems with the color white meaning go. They could easily mistake stars at night for the signal to go. So railway companies moved to the color green to mean go, and the color yellow to mean caution. The color red has a lot to do with danger. Red is the color with the longest wavelength (波长), so it can be seen from a greater distance than other colors. The color yellow is used to mean caution because it has a little shorter wavelength than red, but not as short as green. Believe it or not, yellow was once used to mean stop. Back in the 1900s, some stop signs were yellow because they were easier to see in poorlylit areas. But people once again used red to mean stop after more highly reflective (反光) materials were developed. Since yellow can be seen well at all times of the day, school zones and school buses continue to be painted yellow. Traffic lights really came a long way. From: https: //www.rd.com 11. The earliest traffic signals were for trains. 12. The color blue was once in early traffic signals. 13. The color green can be seen from a greater distance than other colors. 14. Back in the 1900s, yellow was used to mean stop. 15. School buses are painted yellow because this color can be seen at all times of the day. 【答案】11. A 12. B 13. B 14. A 15. A 【解析】文章主要是介绍交通灯颜色的历史。。 【11 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中 At first, railway companies used red to mean stop, white to mean go and green to mean caution.可知，起初交通灯是为火车准备的，所以这里的描述是正确的，故填 A。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中 When we were little kids, we knew about traffic lights. The color red means stop, the color green means go and the color yellow means slow down or show some caution (小心). But why are these colors used for traffic lights? Why couldn’t they be colors like blue, brown or orange? Here is the history of the colors for traffic lights.可知，蓝色没有被作为交通灯而使用，故填 B。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中 Red is the color with the longest wavelength (波长), so it can be seen from a greater distance than other colors. The color yellow is used to mean caution because it has a little shorter wavelength than red, but not as short as green.可知，是红色比其他颜色从很远的地方可以看到。所以这里的描述是错误的，故 填 B。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中 Back in the 1900s, some stop signs were yellow because they were easier to see in poorlylit areas.可知，早在 20 世纪，黄色就被用来表示停止。所以这里的描述是正确的，故填 A。 【15 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中 Since yellow can be seen well at all times of the day, school zones and school buses continue to be painted yellow.可知，由于一天中任何时候都能很好地看到黄色，学校区域和校车继续被涂成 黄色。所以这里的描述是正确的，故填 A。 A（2020•青岛市） 阅读以下材料，根据其内容判断其后各个小题正、误。正确的选 A，错误的选 B。 A China National Film Museum 9 Nanying Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing Tel: (010)8435 5959 Open: 9:0016:30 except Mon. www. cnfm. org. cn Gift shop with legitimate DVDs/ cafeteria/snack shops (popcorn for movie viewing) Forbidden City and the Palace Museum 4 Jiangshanqian Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing Tel: (010) 8500 7421/7420 Open: 8:3017:00, Apr. 1Oct. 31; 8:3016:30, Nov. 1 Mar. 31 Closed on Mon. afternoon except public holidays and summer vacation (July 1Aug. 31) www. dpm. org. cn Gift shop/ book shop/ museum guide available/restaurant/ coffee shop/shops and cafes National Art Museum of China 1 Wusida Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing Tel: (010) 6400 1467 Open: 9:0017:00, last entry 16:00 www. namoc. org Cafeteria at the back of the building National Museum of China 16 East Changan Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing Tel: (010)6511 6188 Open: 9:0017:00 except Mon., ticket box closed at 15:30 www. chnmuseum. cn Gift shop/audio guide 21. You can visit the China National Film Museum on Tuesday. 22. If you want to learn more about films, you can call (010) 6400 1467. 23. You can visit the Forbidden City and the Palace Museum on Monday in summer vacation. 24. You can enter the National Museum of China at 17:30. 25. The four museums are in the same district of Beijing. 这是一篇应用文，文章用表格介绍了四个博物馆的广告。 21.A【解析】题意：你可以周二参观中国国家电影博物馆。 细节理解题。根据“Open: 9:0016:30 except Mon.”可知除了周一都可以去，句子表述正确。故答案为 A。 22.B【解析】题意：如果你想知道更多关于电影的事，可以打电话(010) 6400 1467。 细节理解题。根据“China National Film Museum…Tel: (010)8435 5959”可知要打电话(010)8435 5959。句子表 述错误。故答案为 B。 23.A【解析】题意：你可以在暑假的周一参观紫禁城和故宫。 细节理解题。根据“Open: 8:3017:00, Apr. 1Oct. 31;8:3016:30, Nov. 1 Mar. 31Closed on Mon. afternoon except public holidays and summer vacation (July 1Aug. 31)”可知平时周一是闭馆的，但是除公共假期和暑假外，因 此暑假周一是能参观的。句子表述正确。故答案为 A。 24.B【解析】题意：你可以在下午五点半进入中国国家博物馆。 细节理解题。根据“Open: 9:0017:00 except Mon., ticket box closed at 15:30”可知下午五点半售票处就关闭了， 句子表述错误。故答案为 B。 25.B【解析】题意：这四个博物馆都在北京相同的区域。 细节理解题。根据“ Chaoyang District, Beijing”可知中国国家电影博物馆在北京朝阳区；根据“Dongcheng District, Beijing” 可知紫禁城和故宫、中国国家艺术博物馆以及中国国家博物馆都在北京东城区。句子表述 错误。故答案为 B。 B（2020•甘肃武威市） 阅读以下材料，根据其内容判断其后各个小题正、误。正确的选 A，错误的选 B。 What a Kid! Tad is a very special boy. He is confined to a wheelchair. He was born with an illness that made him unable to walk. Some boys would be sad or angry about that, but not Tad. Instead, he looks for ways to make people happy. He called the Green Oaks School for the blind and asked if he could volunteer. They said, "Sure!" Tad went to the school and quickly made friends. Every day, he reads books to the children. He plays games with them. Sometimes he helps them do their schoolwork. The children at the school nicknamed him Lucky because they feel so lucky to have him as a friend. That makes Tad happy! 31. Tad has been unable to walk since he was born. 32. The Green Oaks School called Tad to make him a volunteer. 33. Tad reads books to the children at the Green Oaks School once a week. 34. Children at the school love Tad. 35. Lucky is the nickname of Tad at the school. 这篇文章主要介绍泰德生来患有一种使他不能走路的疾病，他不但不会感到悲伤，反而经常给别人带来快 乐，他去一所学校做志愿者，给孩子们读书、帮助他们完成功课，孩子们都叫他幸运泰德，这使泰德非常 快乐。 31.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“ He was born with an illness that made him unable to walk. ”，可知他生下 来就得了一种使他不能行走的疾病，因此此句的描述是正确的，故选 A。 32.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“He called the Green Oaks School for the blind and asked if he could volunteer.”，可知是他打电话给绿橡树盲人学校，问他是否可以做志愿者，因此此句的描述是错误的，故选 B。 33.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“ Every day, he reads books to the children.”，可知他是每天给孩子们读书， 而不是一周一次，因此此句的描述是错误的，故选 B。 【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“The children at the school nicknamed him Lucky because they feel so lucky to 34.Ahave him as a friend. 学校的孩子们给他起了个绰号 Lucky，因为他们觉得有他做朋友真是太幸运了”， 可知学校的孩子们都很喜欢泰德，因此此句的描述是正确的，故选 A。 【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“The children at the school nicknamed him Lucky”，可知 Lucky 是学校里泰德 35.A 的绰号，因此此句的描述是正确的，故选 A。 C（2020•绥化市） When you do your homework, you may often meet some problems. How do you solve them? Tom, a middle school student, would take out his smart phone, open a special app（应用）and search the problem. Answers soon appear on the screen. Nowadays, many students do homework with the help of the special apps like Tom. "It's convenient. You don't have to go out or wait for a tutor（家庭教师）at home," Tom said. "You also learn by seeing how others work them out. It’s very helpful and improves students' abilities." said John, another student. He said it was especially true for new types of homework. John's Chinese teacher often asks students to give speeches on great writers. When it comes to John's turn, he usually searches online, picks out certain stories and makes PPTS（演示文稿）. "I've become skilled at finding information online and using Microsoft Office." John said. However, many people think this trend（趋势）also brings up problems. Some students just copy the answers online without thinking. They become lazy. Head teacher Mr. Wang in Tom and John's school thinks that knowing how to use the Internet is important. The key is to have good selfcontrol. "No matter how difficult the problem is, think about it by yourself first. Remember not to depend on the Internet too much." the teacher said. "Be sure to understand the reasons behind the answers, or you won't make progress. If you don't have confidence in your selfcontrol, ask your parents for help." 根据短文内容判断对错，对的为“T”，错的为“F”。 81. Tom and John are in different schools. 82. Doing homework with the help of the special apps is convenient. 83. Mr. Wang thinks the key to use the apps well is to have good selfcontrol. 84. All the students become lazy by doing homework with the help of the apps. 85. Mr. Wang advised students not to depend on the apps too much when doing homework. 文章大意：短文讲了一些学生用一个特殊的应用程序解决遇到的一些问题，详细地介绍了人们的不同观点 和建议。 81.F【解析】理解判断题。根据 Head teacher Mr. Wang in Tom and John's school thinks that knowing how to use the Internet is important. 可知汤姆和约翰在不同的学校是错误的，在同一个学校，故答案为 F。 82.T【解析】理解判断题。根据 Nowadays, many students do homework with the help of the special apps like Tom. "It's convenient. 可知在特殊的应用程序的帮助下做作业很方便，故答案为 T。 83.T【解析】理解判断题。根据 Head teacher Mr. Wang in Tom and John's school thinks that knowing how to use the Internet is important. The key is to have good selfcontrol. 可知王先生认为，用好这些应用的关键是要有良 好的自制力，故答案为 T。 84.F【解析】理解判断题。根据 Some students just copy the answers online without thinking. They become lazy. 可知在这些应用程序的帮助下，所有的学生都变得懒惰起来是错误的，是一些学生，不是所有学生，故答 案为 F。 85.T【解析】理解判断题。根据"No matter how difficult the problem is, think about it by yourself first. Remember not to depend on the Internet too much." the teacher said. 可知王先生建议学生们在做作业时不要太依赖应用程 序，故答案为 T。 D（2020•威海市） 阅读 C 篇，判断正误，请将答案编号涂卡。 Someone's always watching you online How do they get my information? Did you know that when you surf the Web, many websites put secret software on your computer? The software collects a large amount of information about you and sends it to Internet companies. The Internet companies sell it to other businesses. Your personal information can also be collected from social media（媒体）sites. There are many ways your information can be used. What information do they collect and why? First, companies collect your information. The companies find out where you live, what websites you visit, and what you do online. With this information, they can guess other things about you. For example, they can guess if you are male or female, how old you are, and your interests. The companies use this information to decide which advertisements（广告）are best for you. Two people can go to the same website, but they will see different advertisements. For example, someone who likes sports could see an advertisement for sneakers, and someone who like films might see an advertisement for movie. What do they do with my information? Your personal information could also be sold. Some companies collect information just so they can sell it to other businesses. A business that collects and sells personal information is called a data broker. When data brokers sell your information, a lot of different companies will know your online habits. Then these companies will advertise products or other websites to you. What online habits are tracked（追踪）? Another way your personal information can be collected is through social media. When your information is on social media, a lot of people can see it. Even if you don't use social media, a friend might post a picture or video of you with your name on it. Pictures and videos can be shared for free on social media, which is one of the great benefits（福利）. However, that same act of sharing could be problem for your own security（安全）. If someone knows too much about you, they can steal your identity（身份）. Then they can buy things online and post messages while pretending（假装）to be you. Conclusion. All of your online habits can be recorded. Studying people's online habits is big business. Your personal information is very valuable to companies. That is how they know who to send their advertisements to. The Internet reaches almost every corner of the world, but the danger is that your personal information might travel that far, too. 正确的，涂 A：错误的，涂 B。 11. All businesses collect a large amount of information about you online. 12. People who go to the same website may see different advertisements. 13. Data brokers collect your personal information for money. 14. If you don’t get online, your information will be safe. 15. Your personal information can go anywhere with the Internet. 现在网络已经在生活中普遍使用，但是你知道吗，当我们在网上冲浪时，我们的很多信息有可能被泄露。 这篇短文给我们讲述了一些网站怎样获取我们的信息、用我们的信息做什么等情况。 11.B【解析】根据短文第一段“Did you know that when you surf the Web, many websites put secret software on your computer? The software collects a large amount of information about you and sends it to Internet companies.” 可知，很多网站会在我们上网的时候收集我们的信息，发送给互联网公司。但并不是所有的公司都这样做， 因此这句话是错误的。故选 B。 12.A【解析】根据短文第二段“The companies use this information to decide which advertisements are best for you. Two people can go to the same website, but they will see different advertisements.”可知，很多互联网公司利用在 网上收集来的信息决定哪些广告适合你。因此两个人上同一个网站，但看到的广告是不同的。由此可知这 句话是正确的，故选 A。 13.A【解析】根据短文第三段“A business that collects and sells personal information is called a data broker.”可知， 数据代理公司收集和销售个人信息，因此这里说它们收集你的信息为了赚钱是符合文意的。故选 A。 14.B【解析】根据短文第四段“Another way your personal information can be collected is through social media. When your information is on social media, a lot of people can see it. Even if you don't use social media, a friend might post a picture or video of you with your name on it.”可知，我们的个人信息被收集还有一种方式是通过社 交媒体。因此即使我们不上网，我们的信息也可能会被很多人看到。由此可知这句话是错误的，故选 B。 15.A【解析】根据短文的最后“The Internet reaches almost every corner of the world, but the danger is that your personal information might travel that far, too.”可知，现在互联网几乎覆盖了世界的每一个角落，因此我们的 个人信息也可能会传播到很远的地方。由此可知这句话是正确的，故选 A。 E（2020•枣庄市） 读下面的文章，然后判断文章后面的问题，正确的答案写 T，错误的答案写 F。把答案涂在答题卡对应小题 的后面。 The rockets take astronauts and manmade satellites(卫星)into space. The satellites are used for communication, weather checking and research. But how do satellites stay up without falling down? There are two opposite forces influencing the satellite. One of them is the force of gravitation(地心引力), which tries to pull the satellite towards the earth and is like a rope which keeps the satellite from flying away. The other force is created by the turning of the satellite around the earth. This force tries to take the satellite away from the earth. With these two forces, the satellite goes round and round. Everything that goes up has to come down. It is only a matter of time before a satellite comes back to the earth. As time goes by, the satellite loses its speed, which makes the force pulling it towards the earth stronger than the force pulling it away. This makes the satellite fall down to the earth. 17. Two same forces have an influence on the satellite. 18. The force created by the turning keeps the satellite from flying away. 19. Two opposite forces make the satellite turn round and round. 20. The satellite will stay in space forever. 本文解释了人造卫星在太空中不坠落的原因。 17.F【解析】细节理解题。根据 There are two opposite forces influencing the satellite，可知，两种相反的力影 响着卫星，所以此句话是错误的。故答案为 F。 18.F【解析】细节理解题。根据 The other force is created by the turning of the satellite around the earth. This force tries to take the satellite away from the earth，可知，由卫星绕地球旋转产生的力试图把卫星带离地球，所以此 句话是错误的。故答案为 F。 19.T【解析】细节理解题。根据 With these two forces, the satellite goes round and round，可知，这两个力使卫 星一圈一圈的旋转，所以此句话是正确的。故答案为 T。 20.F【解析】细节理解题。根据 As time goes by, the satellite loses its speed, which makes the force pulling it towards the earth stronger than the force pulling it away. This makes the satellite fall down to the earth，可知，当 卫星失去它的速度，使得将它拉向地球的力要大于将它拉离地球的力时，卫星就会落到地球，所以此句话 是错误的。故答案为 F。 F（2020•云南省） 根据短文内容,判断正误（正确“T”,错误“F”）,并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。 In China, there are 24 solar terms（节气）in a year. And there are six of them in winter. They are beginning of winter, light snow, heavy snow, winter solstice（冬至）, lesser cold(小寒）and greater cold. Beginning of winter usually falls on November 7th or 8th. After beginning of winter, most parts of the country can start to expect cold weather. On this day, after a year of hard work, people are happy to have a rest and spend time with family. The northern China celebrates beginning of winter as the “Small Spring Festival”. People usually have dumplings and mutton soup on that day. Light snow usually falls on November 22nd or 23rd and heavy snow usually falls on December 7th or 8th. When winter solstice comes, it brings the shortest days of the year and the longest nights. Many places around the country can expect the coldest weather yet. People often start counting “nine cold periods” starting from winter solstice. Every cold period has nine days. People believe that after 81 cold days, spring will come. Greater cold comes after lesser cold. The field is covered with snow. And all Chinese are ready to welcome the Spring Festival after it. Of course, a new round of solar terms will start. 26. From the passage, we know that there are six solar terms in winter. 27. People in northern China usually have dumplings and mutton soup on beginning of winter. 28. Heavy snow comes before light snow. 29. All Chinese are ready to celebrate the Spring Festival after greater cold. 30. The passage tells us how people celebrate the Spring Festival. 这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍冬季的六个节气。 26.T【解析】题意：从文中得出，冬天有六个节气。 根据第一段“there are 24 solar terms in a year. And there are six of them in winter.”可知有六个节气在冬季。句子 表述正确。故答案为 T。 27.T【解析】题意:中国南方的人通常在冬天开始的时候吃饺子和羊肉汤。 根据第二段“People usually have dumplings and mutton soup on that day”可知人们通常在冬季开始的时候吃饺 子和羊肉汤，句子表述正确。故答案为 T。 28.F【解析】题意：大雪在小雪之前。 根据第三段“Light snow usually falls on November 22nd or 23rd and heavy snow usually falls on December 7th or 8th”可知小雪在大雪之前，句子表述错误。故答案为 F。 29.T【解析】题意：所有的中国人都准备好在大寒之后庆祝春节。 根据第四段“Greater cold comes after lesser cold. The field is covered with snow. And all Chinese are ready to welcome the Spring Festival after it”可知大寒之后人们准备庆祝春节，句子表述准确。故答案为 T。 30.F【解析】题意：这篇文章主要讲述人们怎样庆祝春节。 这篇文章主要讲述的是冬季的节气，句子表述错误，故答案为 F。 G（2020•昆明市） Robots have built a big house in Switzerland using 3Dprinted materials. It is the first house made by robots for people to live in. It is more environmentally friendly and safer than manmade houses. The creators say the big house will inspire the future of building. “This is a new way seeing architecture（建 筑）,” said one of the creators. "How you build is important." The big house was built completely from robotmade materials. It used 60% less cement（水泥）than a manmade house. Its ceilings（天花板）were made with a 3D printer. There are 35 parts in the house and each one was built in 60 to 90 minutes. It means that the robots built the full house in just 48 hours. It is not the first time for robots to build houses. The Chinese used 3D printers to build 10 houses in a day in 2014. They created a building the next year. And last year Italians built a house in just 48 hours. Scientists say one day they could send robots to build houses on the moon. We are curious about how we're building for the future. 根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）误（F）。 26. The big house is the first house made by robots.________ 27. The big house does less harm to the environment than manmade ones.________ 28. The 35 parts of the big house were built from robotmade materials.________ 29. The Chinese created a 3Dprinted building in just 48 hours in 2014. ________ 30. Robots were once sent to the moon to build houses. ________ 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了机器人用 3D 打印材料建造房子的优势及前景。 26.F【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“It is not the first time for robots to build houses”可知，这不是机器人第 一次建造房屋。故答案为 F。 27.T【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“It is more environmentally friendly and safer than manmade houses”可 知，这座大房子比人造房屋更环保、更安全，对环境的危害更少。故答案为 T。 28.T【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“The big house was built completely from robotmade materials…There are 35 parts in the house”可知，这座房子的 35 个部分都是由机器人制造的材料建造的。故答案为 T。 29.F【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“The Chinese used 3D printers to build 10 houses in a day in 2014…They created a building the next year”可知，2014 年，中国人用 3D 打印机一天建造了 10 栋房子，第二年又建造了 一座建筑，但并没有提到在 48 小时内完成的。故答案为 F。 30.F【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Scientists say one day they could send robots to build houses on the moon”可知，科学家们说有一天他们可以派机器人去月球上建造房屋，因此机器人还没有被发送到月球建造 房屋。故答案为 F。S A（2020 •黑龙江省牡丹江市市区中考一模） Peter lived in a village. He was sad recently because he thought that he had nothing left. One day, Peter went to ask a wise man for help. He said to the wise man, I have nothing left, so I don’t want to live. The wise man smiled sympathetically (同情地). The wise man took out a piece of paper and drew a straight line down the middle. He explained that he would write down the things Peter had lost on the left side and the things Peter still had on the right side. The wise man asked, “When did your family leave you?” “What do you mean? They haven’t left me. They love me.” “That’s great!” said the wise man. “Then that will be the first thing on the right side—Family haven’t left. Now, do you have freedom (自由)?” “That’s a silly question. Of course I do.” “Good! That’s the second one on the right side—You have freedom.”said the wise man, writing it down. After Peter was asked some more questions in the same way, he finally understood and smiled. “Things will change when you think of them in a different way!” he said. As a matter of fact, change your attitude (态度) and you will change your world. It’s necessary to have a positive (积极的) attitude to life. Judge the following statements true (T) or false (F) according to the passage. 51. Peter felt down recently because he thought his life was meaningless. 52. Peter thought he had nothing left except freedom. 53. The things that Peter still had were written down on the left side. 54. The wise man gave Peter some advice directly. 55. From the passage, we can know that we should have a positive attitude to life. 【答案】51. T 52. F 53. F 54. F 55. T 【解析】 短文通过情绪低落的彼得向一位智者求助这件事情，告诉我们一个道理：当你遇到生活中不顺心的事情时， 可以换一个角度去思考。事实上，改变你的态度，你就会改变你的世界。积极的生活态度是必要的。 【51 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“I have nothing left, so I don’t want to live.”可知，彼得感到很失落，因为他自己 一无所有了，也就是他觉得自己的生活没有意义。故选 T。 【52 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“He was sad recently because he thought that he had nothing left.”可知，彼得认为 自己一无所有，而不是除了自由什么都没有了。故选 F。 【53 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“the things Peter still had on the right side”可知，彼得仍然拥有的东西被写在了 右边，而不是左边。故选 F。 【54 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“After Peter was asked some more questions in the same way, he finally understood and smiled.”可知，这位智者是通过询问问题的方式让彼得明白其中的道理，而不是直接给彼得 建议。故选 F。 【55 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It’s necessary to have a positive (积极的) attitude to life.”可知，积极的生活态 度是有必要的，我们应该有积极的生活态度。故选 T。 B（2020 •黑龙江省哈尔滨市松北区中考二模） A water bearer (搬运工) in India had two buckets(水桶). One small bucket had a crack (裂缝) and the other large was perfect. One always came home full and the other was not. This went on. The water bearer carried one and a half buckets full of water to his owner's house. The poor cracked bucket was ashamed of (羞愧) itself. One day it spoke to the bearer by the river. "I am ashamed of myself, and I want to say sorry. " "Why?" asked the bearer. "What are you ashamed of?" "I have been able to hold only half. Because of my crack, you have to do all this work, and you don't get full value for your efforts," said the bucket. The bearer felt sorry and said, "As we return to the owner's house, I want you to notice the beautiful flowers along the road." As they went up the hill the cracked bucket noticed the beautiful flowers and this made it feel better. The bearer said, "Did you notice that there were flowers only on your side, but not on the other side? I planted flower seeds(种子) on your side, and every day while we took water to the owner's house from the river, you have watered them. " We are all "cracked buckets". But we shouldn't be ashamed, because we can be the cause of beauty. We can also find our good points. 根据短文内容判断正、误。 (注意:考生将答题卡相应位置涂黑。正确的涂"A"、错误的涂"B"。) 36. An Italian bearer took water to his owner's house every day. 37. The small bucket was ashamed of itself. 38. The water from the cracked bucket watered the flower seeds on both sides. 39. The water bearer was so clever that he could find the value of the cracked bucket. 40. The passage tells us that we are all cracked buckets. 【答案】36. B 37. A 38. B 39. A 40. A 【解析】 本文是一则小故事，讲述了一个有裂缝的水桶为自己每次只能装回半桶水感到羞愧，但是搬运工安慰它因 为它在途中的浇灌，只有它那一侧的道路开出了美丽的花。 【36 题详解】 根据“A water bearer (搬运工) in India had two buckets”，可知是印度的搬运工，不是意大利的，题干信息表 述错误，故选 B。 【37 题详解】 根据“One small bucket had a crack”和“The poor cracked bucket was ashamed of (羞愧) itself.”，可知小水桶 有裂缝，它为自己感到羞愧，题干信息表述正确，故选 A。 【38 题详解】 根据“Did you notice that there were flowers only on your side, but not on the other side”，可知它只浇灌了自己 这一侧的花，题干信息表述错误，故选 B。 【39 题详解】 根据故事的发展，以及“I planted flower seeds(种子) on your side, and every day while we took water to the owner's house from the river, you have watered them”，可知搬运工非常聪明，发现了有裂缝水桶的价值，题 干信息表述正确，故选 A。 【40 题详解】 根据“We are all cracked buckets. But we shouldn't be ashamed, because we can be the cause of beauty”，可知文 章告诉我们大家都像有裂缝的水桶，尽管不完美，但有各自的价值，题干信息表述正确，故选 A。 C（2020 •黑龙江省哈尔滨市松北区初中毕业学年调研测试英语试题（一） 根据短文内容判断正、误。(注意：考生将答题卡相应位置涂黑。正确的涂"A"、错误的涂"B"。) A girl was walking in the woods when she found two weak birds. She took them home and put them in a small cage (鸟笼). She took good care of them. The birds grew strong. Every morning, they greeted her with a beautiful song. The girl felt great love for the birds. She wanted them to sing for her forever. One day, the girl left their cage door open by mistake. The bigger of the two birds flew out. The girl watched as he rose high into the sky. She was afraid that he would fly away and she would never see him again. As he flew close, she caught him in her hand and held him tightly (紧紧地). She was happy. Suddenly, she felt the bird go limp (无力的). She opened her hand. The bird was dead! Her love had stolen life from the beautiful bird. The other bird was pushing against the cage. She could see how much he wanted to be free. She took him out of the cage and gently sent him to the air. Would the bird fly away? In fact, the bird just wanted to stretch (伸展) his wings. He flew around the girl twice and then came to rest on her shoulder. The girl watched the bird with joy in her heart. She wasn't worried anymore. She wanted the bird to be happy. The bird sat by the girl's ear and sang the sweetest song she had ever heard. The best way to keep love is to give them wings. 36. A girl took two birds from the woods home and look after them well. 37. It is the girl's love that had stolen life from the birds. 38. The girl took the other bird out of the cage and sent him to the air, but he didn't leave her. 39. The bird stretched his wings, flew around the girl, rested on her ear, sat by her shoulder and sang the sweetest song happily. 40. From the story, we know if we want to keep love, we should give wings to them. 【答案】36. A 37. B 38. A 39. B 40. A 【解析】 一个女孩把两只鸟放在笼子里养，每天早晨它们都用美妙的歌声欢迎她，有一天，她忘了关笼子，一只鸟 飞了出来，她就用手抓住了它，后来不小心把这只鸟弄死了，通过这件事告诉人们抓紧爱会很快失去爱， 放飞爱会保持爱的道理。 【36 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 A girl was walking in the woods when she found two weak birds. She took them home and put them in a small cage (鸟笼). She took good care of them.一个小女孩在森林里散步，发现两只虚弱的小鸟，她把 它们带回家放到一个小笼子里，照顾得很好；所以小女孩从森林里带回家两只小鸟，照顾得好。这句话是 对的；故选 A。 【37 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Her love had stolen life from the beautiful bird 她的爱偷走了这只美丽的小鸟的生命，不是 两只鸟；故选 B。 【38 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 She took him out of the cage and gently sent him to the air. 她把他拿出笼子，把他放到空中； He flew around the girl twice and then came to rest on her shoulder 他围着小女孩飞了两圈，然后落在她的肩膀 上休息；可知小鸟没有飞走；故选 A。 【39 题详解】 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 "In fact, the bird just wanted to stretch （ 伸 展 ） his wings. He flew around the girl twice and then came to rest on her shoulder. 和 She wanted the bird to be happy the bird sat by the girls ear and sang the sweetest song she had ever h eard."可知小鸟张开翅膀，飞到女孩的身边，在她的耳边休息，坐在她的肩膀上，欢快地唱着最甜美的歌是 错误的，在肩膀上休息；故选 B。 【40 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 The best way to keep love is to give them wings.留住爱的最好方式是给他们翅膀；故选 A。 D（2020 •贵州省铜仁市中考一模） 根据短文内容，判断 66-70 小题句子的正(A) 或误 (B)，并在答题卡的相应位置将其涂黑。 Once upon a time, there lived a teacher in a small town. Once he told four of his students to go to a small farm to see apple trees in different seasons. After they came back, they described their feelings to the teacher. The first student said that there were no leaves on the trees. It made him very disappointed. The second student said his eyes were full of light green. It made him feel hopeful. The third one disagreed. He said the sweet smell of the beautiful flowers spread everywhere. The last one said he only saw a lot of apples on the trees. The teacher smiled and told his students that none of them were wrong. He continued, “The trees are not the same in different seasons. You can’t judge (判) a tree by only one season. Don’t let the regret of one season destroy the beauty of the rest.” 66. The teacher lived on a small farm.______ 67. The teacher told four students to see the apple trees. ______ 68. The third student agreed with the second one. ______ 69. None of the four students were wrong. ______ 70. The teacher was very angry after he heard his students’ words. ______ 【答案】66. B 67. A 68. B 69. A 70. B 【解析】这篇短文主要介绍了一位老师让四个学生在不同的季节观看苹果树，学生得到了不同的结论。他 想告诉学生一个道理：生活中的一切事物都有不同的方面，在你看完整之前不要急下结论。 【66 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中的“Once upon a time, there lived a teacher in a small town. ”可知，老师住在一个小镇 上，而不是一个小农场里，故答案为 B。 【67 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中的“Once he told four of his students to go to a small farm to see apple trees in different seasons. ”可知，老师让他的四个学生去看苹果树，故答案为 A。 【68 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中的“The second student said his eyes were full of light green. It made him feel hopeful. The third one disagreed.”可知，第三个学生不同意第二个的观点，故答案为 B。 【69 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中的“The teacher smiled and told his students that none of them were wrong.”可知，四个 学生都没有错，故答案为 A。 【70 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中的“The teacher smiled and told his students that none of them were wrong.”可知，老师 听了他学生们的话之后，并没有生气，故答案为 B。 E（2020 •甘肃省张掖市中考一模） 阅读短文，判断正误，正确的写 A,错误的写 B。 The Internet is a place where we can talk freely. But it is also a place where we pay little attention to whether or not our language ability is becoming poorer. According to a recent survey by China Youth Daily, more than 76 percent of young people in China said they felt their Chinese language skills have weakened. They don’t use difficult rhetorical technique(修辞手法) as often anymore. It is believed that digital technology and Internet emojis（表情符号） have changed communicating habits For example, "copy and paste(粘贴)"culture is getting popular. People simply pick up expressions from the Internet without much thought. Many begin to use a fixed set of sentence patterns, such as"Whenever you disagreed with each other, you…” Cai Xiaojia, a teacher from Zhuzhou, told China Youth Daily that words in general are being used less. For example ,people can share photos online with little need for words to describe them. This trend continues, it could influence our way of thinking, Peoples Daily noted. When we use expressions without thinking, it means we have become too lazy to express our real feelings. If teenagers continue to use the direct expressions and emojis, they could lose the ability to use words properly. To improve our language skills, experts suggested that we should read more famous books. "Keep using all kinds of words to show your own feelings, "said Shen Xiaolong, a professor in the Chinese department at Fudan University. 36. The Internet is a place where we can’t talk freely. 37. Over 76 percent of young people in China said they felt their Chinese language skills have weakened. 38. People simply pick up expressions from the Internet without much thought. 39. People can share photos online with much need for words to describe them. 40. Experts suggested that we should read more famous books to improve our language skills. 【答案】36. B 37. A 38. A 39. B 40. A 【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述网络的使用使得人们的语言能力削弱；电子技术和网络表情符号改变 了人们的交流习惯，一般用语用得越来越少；这一趋势影响了人们的思维方式，人们变得懒得表达自己的 真实感情。为了提高读者的语言技能，专家建议应阅读更多著名的书籍。 【36 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The Internet is a place where we can talk freely”可知网络是一个我们可以自由讲 话的地方。句子表述错误。故答案为 B。 【37 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“According to a recent survey by China Youth Daily, more than 76 percent of young people in China said they felt their Chinese language skills have weakened”根据中国青年报的最近一项调查，超 过 76%的年轻人说他们感觉自己的中文技能减弱了，句子表述正确。故答案为 A。 【38 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“People simply pick up expressions from the Internet without much thought” 人们只是 不思考太多就从网络上挑拣一些表情符号，句子表述正确。故答案为 A。 【39 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“For example ,people can share photos online with little need for words to describe them.”例如，人们可以分享照片，几乎没有什么需求用单词去描述它们，句子表述错误。故答案为 B。 【40 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“To improve our language skills, experts suggested that we should read more famous books.”为了提高我们的语言技能，专家建议我们应阅读更多著名的书籍。句子表述正确。故答案为 A。