长沙专版2020中考英语复习方案阅读表达06达芬奇及欧洲人口问题试题 4页

阅读表达(六)　名人达·芬奇+欧洲人口问题 A ‎　　Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 15, 1452 in Italy. He is best known as an artist today. One of his famous paintings is called Mona Lisa. However, Leonardo had many other natural abilities. He was also a great inventor. Many of his inventions have become important in modern daily life.‎ ‎　　Although Leonardo hated war, he invented many different machines used for war. His most special invention was the machine gun, which was produced and used in war many years later.‎ ‎　　Leonardo tried to find out the secret of flying, so he watched the way birds fly. Among his sketches(素描) we can see many objects. We consider them as modern flying machines.‎ ‎　　Leonardo spent many hours thinking about how to make good use of time. He developed ideas for labor-saving machines like cutting machines.‎ ‎　　Leonardo was a strange man. He didn't eat any meat, which was very unusual in those times. He never published his ideas and discoveries. He usually used mirror writing, which look like writing in the mirror starting from the right side of the page and moving to the left.‎ ‎　　We have very few of his works today. Leonardo finished only a few of his paintings. He left many unfinished because he thought they were not perfect. No one in his life time knew how great Leonardo was. We now believe, however, that he was one of the cleverest men that the world has ever known.‎ ‎1.What was Leonardo da Vinci?‎ ‎  ‎ ‎2.Did Leonardo invent any machines used for war?‎ ‎  ‎ ‎3.How did Leonardo try to find out the secret of flying?‎ ‎  ‎ ‎4.Why didn't Leonardo finish all his works?‎ ‎  ‎ ‎5.How do people nowadays like Leonardo?‎ ‎  ‎ 4‎ B The population of the world continues to increase, but in some areas the population is falling. This is true in Europe and especially in Eastern Europe. In Russia, the population is going down by about 100 people EVERY HOUR! Russia's population could fall by ONE THIRD by the year 2050! And in Poland the population is also going down because people are leaving to work in other countries.‎ One of the main reasons is a change of lifestyle. All over Europe people, especially educated women, have a different attitude(态度) to children than their parents. “I have one child and she is enough for me,” said Galina Tereschkova, a doctor from Moscow. “My husband and I both work full-time. We can't imagine having more than one child.” Many women decide to have children later in life or not to have children at all. “I don't want to have any children until I have worked for at least 10 years,” said 19-year-old student Hana Markova from Prague. Her opinion is typical of 18-24 year old women everywhere in Europe.‎ In Poland, the population is going down for a different reason. A lot of people, usually aged between 20 and 30, are leaving the country to work abroad. Poland joined the European Union in 2005 and since then more than half a million people have moved to Britain, Germany, Spain and Italy. Even so, the population of those four countries and many other countries in West Europe is also going down.‎ Many governments are now encouraging people to have larger families. In France, women now receive nearly $1,000 a month for a year if they have a third child. Austrian women receive $700 a month for three years when they have their first child.‎ ‎1.Where in the world is the population getting smaller?‎ ‎  ‎ ‎2.How many children does Galina Tereschkova want to have?‎ ‎  ‎ ‎3.What does Hana Markova want to do before she has children?‎ ‎  ‎ ‎4.Why is the population in Poland going down?‎ ‎  ‎ ‎5.How does the French government encourage people to have larger families now?‎ ‎  ‎ ‎ ‎ 4‎ 4‎ ‎【参考答案】‎ A　1.He was an artist and a great inventor.‎ ‎2.Yes, he did.‎ ‎3.By watching the way birds fly./He watched the way birds fly.‎ ‎4.He left many unfinished because he thought they were not perfect.‎ ‎5.People believe he was one of the cleverest men that the world has ever known.‎ B　[主旨大意]本文介绍了尽管世界人口在增长,但在一些国家里,尤其欧洲一些国家,特别在俄罗斯、英国、德国、西班牙和意大利等国家里,随着生育观和生活方式的变化,人口在减少,这些国家正采取措施,鼓励生育。‎ ‎1.In Europe and especially in Eastern Europe.‎ ‎2.One/Only one.‎ ‎3.She wants to work for at least 10 years.‎ ‎4.Because a lot of people are leaving the country to work abroad.‎ ‎5.In France, women will receive nearly $1,000 a month for a year if they have a third child. ‎ 4‎