中考之介词固定搭配 6页

中考专题一之介词 知识讲解二：单项选择题之介词固定搭配。‎ 一、考纲解读 考点 要求 广东省省卷五年中考统计 中考预测 ‎2010‎ ‎2011‎ ‎2012‎ ‎2013‎ ‎2014‎ 时间介词、地点介词、方式介词 掌握 ‎32题 ‎—‎ ‎32题 ‎—‎ ‎—‎ 介词和各类词搭配构词的短语 掌握 ‎—‎ ‎—‎ ‎—‎ ‎—‎ ‎—‎ 常用介词的用法及辨析 掌握 ‎—‎ ‎32题 ‎—‎ ‎32题 ‎32题 分析解读：熟悉掌握常用介词的基本用法（表示时间、地点、方式等），以及一些常见的固定搭配。由于每个介词都可以表达不同的含义，且无规律可循，因此在备考时考生应该注意收集介词和各类词搭配构成的短语。‎ 二、 考点一 介词和各类词搭配构成的短语 （一） 介词与动词搭配 介词 介词与动词搭配 in arrive in/at 到达；do well in 在.....方面做得好；give in 投降; believe in 信任 for ask for 要，请求；leave for离开一地方去另一地;go in for 爱好,参与考试；‎ send for 派人去请；wait for 等候，等待；look for 寻找 on go on 继续; pass on 传递；call on 号召，访问，邀请；‎ depend on 依靠，依赖；‎ from hear from 收到.....来信；learn from 向.....学习 of hear of 听说; think of 考虑，关心；die of 死于······‎ with help sb. with sth 帮助某人做某事; fill with 充满，装满；begin with 以······开始；deal/do with 处理，对待；meet with 偶尔遇见，遭遇；‎ to talk to 与.....谈话；speak to 对某人说；listen to 听；point to 指着······；‎ write to 写信给······；get to 到达；belong to 属于 at look at(有意识地)看;arrive in/at 到达；shout at 对······大声叫喊；‎ smile at 向······微笑；laugh at 嘲笑；‎ 其他 turn into 把······变成；look like 看起来像；look after 照顾，照看；‎ ‎（二）介词与名词搭配 介词 介词与动词搭配 in in English 用英语；in surprise 惊奇地；in a low voice 低声地；in a word 总而言之，一句话；in trouble 处于困境中；in fact 事实上；in order 按顺序，整齐，正常；in line 成一直线；in silence 不作声；in public 公开地；‎ in a minute 一会儿；in on time 立刻，很快；in the day 在白天；in a short while 不久；in time 及时；in life 一生中；in a hurry 匆忙，急忙；‎ in bed 卧床；in front of 在······前面；in the middle在中间；in the sun 在阳光下；in the tree 在树上；in the street 在街上；in space 在太空；in town 在城里；‎ in the distance 在远处；‎ on on time 准时，按时；on one’s way to 在某人去......的路上；‎ on duty 值日；on the left/right在左/右边；on the one hand...,‎ on the other hand 一方面......, 另一方面······；on the top of 在······顶上；‎ on the radio 通过无线电广播；‎ to to one’s surprise/joy 使某人吃惊/高兴的是；‎ with with a smile带着微笑 out out of breath 上气不接下气；out of sight 消失，看不见；out of work 失业；‎ ‎ at at home 在家；at the meeting 在会上；at dinner 在吃正餐；at the table 在桌子旁；at work 在工作；at school 在校上学；at the back of 在······后面 at night 在晚上；at noon 在中午；at the same time 同时；‎ at the beginning of 在······开始；at the end of 在······结尾；‎ by by bus 乘坐公共汽车；‎ by the way 顺便说说、问问；by hand 用手，手工，亲手；by the end of 到······结束时；by train 乘火车；by spaceship 乘坐宇宙飞船；‎ （三） 介词与形容词、过去分词和动词等搭配 介词 与形容词搭配 与过去分词搭配 与动词等搭配 in be born in 出生于....；‎ be interested in 对.....感兴趣；‎ take part in 参加；‎ at be good at 擅长......；‎ be angry at sth.为某事生气；‎ be surprised at .....感到惊奇/诧异；‎ of be proud of 为....而自豪/骄傲；be full of 充满.....；be sure of 确信......；‎ be made of 由....制成；be tired of 讨厌......，厌倦......;‎ take/catch hold of 抓住；take care of 照顾，处理；keep out of 不让进入；‎ with be strict with 对.....严格要求；be angry with sb. 对某人生气；‎ be busy with 忙于.....；‎ be satisfied with sth. 对某事感到满意；‎ catch up with 跟上，赶上；have nothing to do with 与.....无关；‎ into break into 闯入；‎ to be kind to sb. 对某人友好 be used to 习惯于.....；‎ go to school 去上学；go to bed/sleep 去睡觉；give a lesson to 给.....上课；go to the cinema 去看电影；say hello to 向......问好；look forward to 盼望，期待；‎ on go on strike 罢工；‎ 注意：‎ be made和be used 之后介词的选择 be made 常见结构 be made in 在某地制造 I hear that iphone is made in China.‎ I hear that Nike is made in Dongguan.‎ be made of 和be made from 都可以表示“用......制成”，但be made of 强调从成品上能看出原材料，而be made from 则表示从成品上看不出原材料。‎ The desk is made of wood.这张桌子是用木头制成的。‎ Paper is made from wood.‎ 纸是用木头制成的。‎ be made into 被制成......‎ This piece of wood will be made into a small bench.这块木头将要被制成一个小凳子。‎ be made up of 由......组成 The group is made up of five students.这一组由五个学生组成。‎ be used 常见结构 be used to =become used to= get used to 习惯于做......，后接名词、代词或动名词。‎ He is used to getting up early.‎ be used to被用来（做），后接动词原形。‎ A pan is used to cook.锅是用来做饭的。‎ A white board is used to teach.‎ be used for 意义相当于be used to do, 但for后接动名词形式。‎ A pan is used for cooking. ‎ A white board is used for teaching.‎ be used as 被当做......来使用 A dictionary is used as a tool for study.‎ 词典被用来作为学习的工具。‎ be used by 被...... 使用 My car is used by my friend yesterday.我的车昨天由我朋友使用。‎ 二、 考点二 动词短语 ①动词+介词 ‎ 相当于及物动词，需跟宾语 go over,‎ listen to,‎ look at,‎ look for,‎ play with,‎ think about Look at the blackboard.‎ 看黑板。‎ Listen to me carefully.‎ 仔细听我讲。‎ 注意：此类动词短语后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词，都只能放在介词后面，不能放在动词和介词之间 ②动词+副词 有的作及物动词，有的作不及物动词 eat up,‎ give up,‎ put down,‎ turn on,‎ try on He turned off the light when he left.‎ 当他离开时，他把灯关了。‎ He picked it up and gave it to me.‎ 他把它捡起来，并给了我。‎ 注意：代词作宾语时必须放在动词后、副词前;当宾语是名词时，放在副词前后均可 ③动词+副词+介词 相当于及物动词，需跟宾语 catch up with,‎ get on with,‎ keep up with,‎ go on with Let’s go on with the work.‎ 让我们继续这项工作吧。‎ He gets along well with his classmates.‎ 他与他的同学相处得很好。‎ 注意：其后的宾语只能放在介词之后 ④动词+名词+介词 相当于及物动词，需跟宾语 take pride in,‎ pay attention to,make (good) use of He take pride in doing a job well.‎ 他以做好工作而自豪。‎ Please pay attention to the phrases in article.‎ 请注意文章中的词组。‎ We can make good use of air.‎ 我们可以充分利用空气。‎ 注意：这类短语的名词前可以加形容词作定语，其后的宾语只能放在介词之后 二、 考点三 初中英语常用介词 介词 短语 at at once 立刻；at last最后；at first起初，首先；at the age of..... 在······岁时；‎ at the end of......,在.....之末；at the beginning of ......在 ......之初；at the foot of .......,在 ......脚下；at night/noon 在夜里/中午 with with one’s help;在某人的帮助下； with the help of ......，在 ......的帮助下; with a smile; 面带微笑；with one’s own eyes 亲眼看见 after after a while 过了一会儿 from from now on;从现在起； from them on;从那时起；far away from远离；‎ from morning till night 从早到晚 for for example 例如 by by and by不久; by airmail寄航空邮件; by bike/air/train/bus骑自行车/乘飞机/乘火车/乘公共汽车;‎ ‎ by ordinary mail寄平信，寄普通邮件; by the way顺便说/问一下; by the ‎ window在窗边; by the end of ......到......为止; little by little逐渐地 in in all总共; in fact实际上; in one’s twenties在某人20几岁时; in a hurry匆忙; in the middle of在 ......中间; in no time/ in a minute立刻，很快; in time及时；（on time准时）in public在别人面前，公开地; in order to为了 ......; in the front of在 ......面前; in the sun在阳光下; in the end最后，终于; in surprise惊奇地; in turn依次 of of course on on one’s way to在某人去 ......的路上; on foot步行，走路; on the other hand另一方面; at/on the weekend在周末; on the left/on the right在左边/右边; on the other side of在 ......另一边 ; on the radio通过收音机（无线电广播）‎ to to one’s joy使某人开心的是; to one’s surprise 使某人惊讶的是 二、 看似相同，但是意义有区别的短语 1、 at table 在进餐；at the table 在桌子旁（=beside the table）‎ 2、 at desk 在读书或做作业；at the desk 在书桌旁 3、 at school 在校上学（指学生）；at the school 在学校（指教职工等）‎ 4、 in front of the bus 在公交汽车的前面（不在车上）；in the front of the bus 在公交汽车的前部（在车上）‎ 5、 at sea 在航海中；at the sea 在海边 6、 by day 在白天；by the day 按日，论日（计算）‎ 7、 behind time 误期；behind the time 落后于时代 8、 in class 在上课，在课内；in the class 在这个班 9、 in bed 卧床，在睡觉；in the bed 在床上 10、 in prison 坐牢；in the prison 在监狱 11、 in red 穿着红色的衣服；in the red 负债；亏损 12、 in hospital 住院（指病人）；in the hospital (因事)在医院 13、 in office 在办公，执政；in the office 在办公室 14、 in secret 秘密地，私下里；in the secret 参入秘密，参入阴谋 15、 In place of 代替；in the place of 在······地方 16、 in case of 万一，如果；in the case of 就······来说，至于 17、 of age 成年人；of an age 同龄人 18、 out of office 离职；out of the office 离开办公室 19、 out of prison (因犯罪)出狱；out of the prison(因事)从监狱出来 20、 out of question 毫无疑问；out of the question 不可能，不允许 三、 介词固定搭配真题操练 1、 ‎___ an Englishman, John is looking forward ___the 2012 Olympic Games.‎ A. Of; in B. With; for C. For; at D. As; to 2. We should protect the animals ____ danger.‎ A. on B. in C. of D. at ‎ 3、 I waited for a bus for a long time. I gave up ____, and walked home.‎ A. at first B. at least C. in the end D. at the beginning 4、 Everyone wants to win. But _____ me, the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun.‎ A. as for B. thanks to C. instead of D. such as 5、 The more I get to know Nancy, the more I can realize that we have a lot____.‎ A. in style B. in common C. in need ‎ 6、 The teachers hope all of us can hand ____ our homework ___ time every day.‎ A. up; in B. out; on C. on; in D. in; on 7、 ‎——Maybe you should call him up.‎ ‎ ——But I don’t want to talk with him____ the phone.‎ A. on B. in C. with D. at ‎ ‎8、I’d like to buy a big and modern house. _____, I hope it’s in a quiet neighborhood.‎ A. After all B. Above all C. As a result D. At that moment 9、 If you do things_____, usually you can’t do them well.‎ A. in a hurry B. from now on C. just now D. at once 10、 What a nice day! We should go sightseeing _____ watching TV in the hotel.‎ A. because of B. instead of ‎ C. together with D. out of ‎ 11、 ‎—Shall we go the museum?‎ ‎—All right! I hear there are many first-class photographs_____.‎ A. on show B. on board C. on sale ‎ 12、 Shen Xue and Zhao Hongbo won the gold medal for China so we’re proud ___ them.‎ A. on B. in C. of D. for ‎ 13、 The food I cook isn’t delicious, but _____ I can look after myself.‎ A. at first B. at least C. at last ‎ ‎14、I couldn’t get through the door because there was a big box _____.‎ A. by the way B. on the way C. out of the way D. in the way 15、 This kind of dress is _____ this year, and I really want to get one.‎ A. in danger B. in trouble C. in style ‎