中考之介词固定搭配 6页

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  • 2021-05-10 发布

中考之介词固定搭配

  • 6页
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中考专题一之介词 知识讲解二:单项选择题之介词固定搭配。‎ 一、考纲解读 考点 要求 广东省省卷五年中考统计 中考预测 ‎2010‎ ‎2011‎ ‎2012‎ ‎2013‎ ‎2014‎ 时间介词、地点介词、方式介词 掌握 ‎32题 ‎—‎ ‎32题 ‎—‎ ‎—‎ 介词和各类词搭配构词的短语 掌握 ‎—‎ ‎—‎ ‎—‎ ‎—‎ ‎—‎ 常用介词的用法及辨析 掌握 ‎—‎ ‎32题 ‎—‎ ‎32题 ‎32题 分析解读:熟悉掌握常用介词的基本用法(表示时间、地点、方式等),以及一些常见的固定搭配。由于每个介词都可以表达不同的含义,且无规律可循,因此在备考时考生应该注意收集介词和各类词搭配构成的短语。‎ 二、 考点一 介词和各类词搭配构成的短语 (一) 介词与动词搭配 介词 介词与动词搭配 in arrive in/at 到达;do well in 在.....方面做得好;give in 投降; believe in 信任 for ask for 要,请求;leave for离开一地方去另一地;go in for 爱好,参与考试;‎ send for 派人去请;wait for 等候,等待;look for 寻找 on go on 继续; pass on 传递;call on 号召,访问,邀请;‎ depend on 依靠,依赖;‎ from hear from 收到.....来信;learn from 向.....学习 of hear of 听说; think of 考虑,关心;die of 死于······‎ with help sb. with sth 帮助某人做某事; fill with 充满,装满;begin with 以······开始;deal/do with 处理,对待;meet with 偶尔遇见,遭遇;‎ to talk to 与.....谈话;speak to 对某人说;listen to 听;point to 指着······;‎ write to 写信给······;get to 到达;belong to 属于 at look at(有意识地)看;arrive in/at 到达;shout at 对······大声叫喊;‎ smile at 向······微笑;laugh at 嘲笑;‎ 其他 turn into 把······变成;look like 看起来像;look after 照顾,照看;‎ ‎(二)介词与名词搭配 介词 介词与动词搭配 in in English 用英语;in surprise 惊奇地;in a low voice 低声地;in a word 总而言之,一句话;in trouble 处于困境中;in fact 事实上;in order 按顺序,整齐,正常;in line 成一直线;in silence 不作声;in public 公开地;‎ in a minute 一会儿;in on time 立刻,很快;in the day 在白天;in a short while 不久;in time 及时;in life 一生中;in a hurry 匆忙,急忙;‎ in bed 卧床;in front of 在······前面;in the middle在中间;in the sun 在阳光下;in the tree 在树上;in the street 在街上;in space 在太空;in town 在城里;‎ in the distance 在远处;‎ on on time 准时,按时;on one’s way to 在某人去......的路上;‎ on duty 值日;on the left/right在左/右边;on the one hand...,‎ on the other hand 一方面......, 另一方面······;on the top of 在······顶上;‎ on the radio 通过无线电广播;‎ to to one’s surprise/joy 使某人吃惊/高兴的是;‎ with with a smile带着微笑 out out of breath 上气不接下气;out of sight 消失,看不见;out of work 失业;‎ ‎ at at home 在家;at the meeting 在会上;at dinner 在吃正餐;at the table 在桌子旁;at work 在工作;at school 在校上学;at the back of 在······后面 at night 在晚上;at noon 在中午;at the same time 同时;‎ at the beginning of 在······开始;at the end of 在······结尾;‎ by by bus 乘坐公共汽车;‎ by the way 顺便说说、问问;by hand 用手,手工,亲手;by the end of 到······结束时;by train 乘火车;by spaceship 乘坐宇宙飞船;‎ (三) 介词与形容词、过去分词和动词等搭配 介词 与形容词搭配 与过去分词搭配 与动词等搭配 in be born in 出生于....;‎ be interested in 对.....感兴趣;‎ take part in 参加;‎ at be good at 擅长......;‎ be angry at sth.为某事生气;‎ be surprised at .....感到惊奇/诧异;‎ of be proud of 为....而自豪/骄傲;be full of 充满.....;be sure of 确信......;‎ be made of 由....制成;be tired of 讨厌......,厌倦......;‎ take/catch hold of 抓住;take care of 照顾,处理;keep out of 不让进入;‎ with be strict with 对.....严格要求;be angry with sb. 对某人生气;‎ be busy with 忙于.....;‎ be satisfied with sth. 对某事感到满意;‎ catch up with 跟上,赶上;have nothing to do with 与.....无关;‎ into break into 闯入;‎ to be kind to sb. 对某人友好 be used to 习惯于.....;‎ go to school 去上学;go to bed/sleep 去睡觉;give a lesson to 给.....上课;go to the cinema 去看电影;say hello to 向......问好;look forward to 盼望,期待;‎ on go on strike 罢工;‎ 注意:‎ be made和be used 之后介词的选择 be made 常见结构 be made in 在某地制造 I hear that iphone is made in China.‎ I hear that Nike is made in Dongguan.‎ be made of 和be made from 都可以表示“用......制成”,但be made of 强调从成品上能看出原材料,而be made from 则表示从成品上看不出原材料。‎ The desk is made of wood.这张桌子是用木头制成的。‎ Paper is made from wood.‎ 纸是用木头制成的。‎ be made into 被制成......‎ This piece of wood will be made into a small bench.这块木头将要被制成一个小凳子。‎ be made up of 由......组成 The group is made up of five students.这一组由五个学生组成。‎ be used 常见结构 be used to =become used to= get used to 习惯于做......,后接名词、代词或动名词。‎ He is used to getting up early.‎ be used to被用来(做),后接动词原形。‎ A pan is used to cook.锅是用来做饭的。‎ A white board is used to teach.‎ be used for 意义相当于be used to do, 但for后接动名词形式。‎ A pan is used for cooking. ‎ A white board is used for teaching.‎ be used as 被当做......来使用 A dictionary is used as a tool for study.‎ 词典被用来作为学习的工具。‎ be used by 被...... 使用 My car is used by my friend yesterday.我的车昨天由我朋友使用。‎ 二、 考点二 动词短语 ①动词+介词 ‎ 相当于及物动词,需跟宾语 go over,‎ listen to,‎ look at,‎ look for,‎ play with,‎ think about Look at the blackboard.‎ 看黑板。‎ Listen to me carefully.‎ 仔细听我讲。‎ 注意:此类动词短语后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词,都只能放在介词后面,不能放在动词和介词之间 ②动词+副词 有的作及物动词,有的作不及物动词 eat up,‎ give up,‎ put down,‎ turn on,‎ try on He turned off the light when he left.‎ 当他离开时,他把灯关了。‎ He picked it up and gave it to me.‎ 他把它捡起来,并给了我。‎ 注意:代词作宾语时必须放在动词后、副词前;当宾语是名词时,放在副词前后均可 ③动词+副词+介词 相当于及物动词,需跟宾语 catch up with,‎ get on with,‎ keep up with,‎ go on with Let’s go on with the work.‎ 让我们继续这项工作吧。‎ He gets along well with his classmates.‎ 他与他的同学相处得很好。‎ 注意:其后的宾语只能放在介词之后 ④动词+名词+介词 相当于及物动词,需跟宾语 take pride in,‎ pay attention to,make (good) use of He take pride in doing a job well.‎ 他以做好工作而自豪。‎ Please pay attention to the phrases in article.‎ 请注意文章中的词组。‎ We can make good use of air.‎ 我们可以充分利用空气。‎ 注意:这类短语的名词前可以加形容词作定语,其后的宾语只能放在介词之后 二、 考点三 初中英语常用介词 介词 短语 at at once 立刻;at last最后;at first起初,首先;at the age of..... 在······岁时;‎ at the end of......,在.....之末;at the beginning of ......在 ......之初;at the foot of .......,在 ......脚下;at night/noon 在夜里/中午 with with one’s help;在某人的帮助下; with the help of ......,在 ......的帮助下; with a smile; 面带微笑;with one’s own eyes 亲眼看见 after after a while 过了一会儿 from from now on;从现在起; from them on;从那时起;far away from远离;‎ from morning till night 从早到晚 for for example 例如 by by and by不久; by airmail寄航空邮件; by bike/air/train/bus骑自行车/乘飞机/乘火车/乘公共汽车;‎ ‎ by ordinary mail寄平信,寄普通邮件; by the way顺便说/问一下; by the ‎ window在窗边; by the end of ......到......为止; little by little逐渐地 in in all总共; in fact实际上; in one’s twenties在某人20几岁时; in a hurry匆忙; in the middle of在 ......中间; in no time/ in a minute立刻,很快; in time及时;(on time准时)in public在别人面前,公开地; in order to为了 ......; in the front of在 ......面前; in the sun在阳光下; in the end最后,终于; in surprise惊奇地; in turn依次 of of course on on one’s way to在某人去 ......的路上; on foot步行,走路; on the other hand另一方面; at/on the weekend在周末; on the left/on the right在左边/右边; on the other side of在 ......另一边 ; on the radio通过收音机(无线电广播)‎ to to one’s joy使某人开心的是; to one’s surprise 使某人惊讶的是 二、 看似相同,但是意义有区别的短语 1、 at table 在进餐;at the table 在桌子旁(=beside the table)‎ 2、 at desk 在读书或做作业;at the desk 在书桌旁 3、 at school 在校上学(指学生);at the school 在学校(指教职工等)‎ 4、 in front of the bus 在公交汽车的前面(不在车上);in the front of the bus 在公交汽车的前部(在车上)‎ 5、 at sea 在航海中;at the sea 在海边 6、 by day 在白天;by the day 按日,论日(计算)‎ 7、 behind time 误期;behind the time 落后于时代 8、 in class 在上课,在课内;in the class 在这个班 9、 in bed 卧床,在睡觉;in the bed 在床上 10、 in prison 坐牢;in the prison 在监狱 11、 in red 穿着红色的衣服;in the red 负债;亏损 12、 in hospital 住院(指病人);in the hospital (因事)在医院 13、 in office 在办公,执政;in the office 在办公室 14、 in secret 秘密地,私下里;in the secret 参入秘密,参入阴谋 15、 In place of 代替;in the place of 在······地方 16、 in case of 万一,如果;in the case of 就······来说,至于 17、 of age 成年人;of an age 同龄人 18、 out of office 离职;out of the office 离开办公室 19、 out of prison (因犯罪)出狱;out of the prison(因事)从监狱出来 20、 out of question 毫无疑问;out of the question 不可能,不允许 三、 介词固定搭配真题操练 1、 ‎___ an Englishman, John is looking forward ___the 2012 Olympic Games.‎ A. Of; in B. With; for C. For; at D. As; to 2. We should protect the animals ____ danger.‎ A. on B. in C. of D. at ‎ 3、 I waited for a bus for a long time. I gave up ____, and walked home.‎ A. at first B. at least C. in the end D. at the beginning 4、 Everyone wants to win. But _____ me, the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun.‎ A. as for B. thanks to C. instead of D. such as 5、 The more I get to know Nancy, the more I can realize that we have a lot____.‎ A. in style B. in common C. in need ‎ 6、 The teachers hope all of us can hand ____ our homework ___ time every day.‎ A. up; in B. out; on C. on; in D. in; on 7、 ‎——Maybe you should call him up.‎ ‎ ——But I don’t want to talk with him____ the phone.‎ A. on B. in C. with D. at ‎ ‎8、I’d like to buy a big and modern house. _____, I hope it’s in a quiet neighborhood.‎ A. After all B. Above all C. As a result D. At that moment 9、 If you do things_____, usually you can’t do them well.‎ A. in a hurry B. from now on C. just now D. at once 10、 What a nice day! We should go sightseeing _____ watching TV in the hotel.‎ A. because of B. instead of ‎ C. together with D. out of ‎ 11、 ‎—Shall we go the museum?‎ ‎—All right! I hear there are many first-class photographs_____.‎ A. on show B. on board C. on sale ‎ 12、 Shen Xue and Zhao Hongbo won the gold medal for China so we’re proud ___ them.‎ A. on B. in C. of D. for ‎ 13、 The food I cook isn’t delicious, but _____ I can look after myself.‎ A. at first B. at least C. at last ‎ ‎14、I couldn’t get through the door because there was a big box _____.‎ A. by the way B. on the way C. out of the way D. in the way 15、 This kind of dress is _____ this year, and I really want to get one.‎ A. in danger B. in trouble C. in style ‎