高考真题短文改错15篇 12页

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  • 2021-05-13 发布

高考真题短文改错15篇

  • 12页
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竞争力1对1 英语学科个性化教学辅导教案 ‎ ‎ ‎ 学生 年级 上课地点 第 次授课 授课时间 年 月 日 星期 ‎ 学科老师 学顾老师 教学课题 教学目标 教学重、难点 高考短文改错真题15篇 一、Correction 1(2014课标全国Ⅰ)   假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。   增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。   删除:把多余的词用斜线(划掉。   修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。   注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;   2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。   Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女 果)in our back garden. Since then—for all these year—we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they ‎ please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so ‎ much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place ‎ year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully ‎ tomatoes at no cost! ‎ 二、Correction 2(2014课标全国Ⅱ)   假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。   增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧‎ ‎),并在其下面写出该加的词。   删除:把多余的词用斜线(划掉。   修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。   注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;   2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。   My dream school starts at 8:‎30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lessons in the morning and two in the ‎ afternoon. We didn’t need to do so many homework. Therefore, we have more time with after-school activities.‎ ‎ For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.‎ ‎   My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom ‎ buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sat by the lake listening music. The teachers here are kind and ‎ helpfully. They are not only our teachers but also our friends. ‎ 三、Correction 3(2014浙江)   下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。   增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写上该加的词。   删除:把多余的词用斜线(划掉。   修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写上修改后的词。   注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;   2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。   I was taking a train to London’s Victoria Station. I had noticed that the carriage was noise and filled with ‎ people.‎ ‎   Before long, a train inspector comes to check our tickets. A passenger realized he couldn’t find his ticket but ‎ became quite upset. Then everyone in the carriage began searching the ticket, which was eventually found under a ‎ seat several rows from his owner. The person who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his success.‎ ‎   No one in the carriage had previous spoken to or even noticed the ticket-owner before. Yet they had so quickly ‎ offered the strangers their help. If we could show concern to others on need, the world would be a better place to ‎ live in. ‎ 四、Correction 4(2014辽宁)   假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。   增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧‎ ‎),并在其下面写出该加的词。   删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。   修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。   注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;   2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。   Dear Jeremy and Alice,   Although we’ve been delighted to have you as neighbors, we’re hoping to settle something that bothers to us.‎ ‎ In a word, your dog—Cleo.‎ ‎   We’ve called several time about Cleo’s early morning barking. It is difficult to understanding why she barks ‎ every minute she’s outside. The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with ‎ the baby. Beside, Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day. This morning she starts barking even before 5‎ ‎ o’clock. That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are.‎ ‎   We appreciate our apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter.   ‎ Sincerely,   Jack and Rose ‎ 五、Correction 5(2014四川)   下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。   增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。   删除:把多余的词用斜线(划掉。   修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。   注意:   1.每句不超过两个错误;   2.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;   3.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。   Hello, boys and girls! Today, I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off. If you hear ‎ the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside. Stay close to your teacher and ‎ classmate. Don’t panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quiet and calmly. Soon the firefighters will come and ‎ put out a fire. If it’s a false alarm and there is no fire, your teacher will lead us back to the classroom. If you ‎ notice that when someone is missing and hurt, tell your teacher immediately.‎ 六、Correction(2013·新课标II)‎ 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:把缺词处加一个漏符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ The book I’m reading of talks about afternoon tea in Britain. It is said to have started in the early ‎1800’‎s. Have tea ‎ in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, that might not be served until 8 o’clock at night.‎ ‎ This custom soon becomes another meal of day. Interesting, it had a connection by the British porcelain(瓷器) ‎ industry. Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles. When tea got popular in Britain, there ‎ was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits. This made for the grow in the porcelain ‎ industry.‎ 七、Correction【2013·陕西卷】‎ 短文改错(共10小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文,文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(/),并在该句下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ My grandfather and I enjoy fishing.‎ One Sunday morning we go fishing at a lake. We took ours fishing poles and headed for the lake. As soon as we ‎ arrived, so we dropped the lines into the water. Before waiting for about half an hour, I was beginning to get ‎ impatiently. I wanted to give up, and my grandfather told me to wait a little longer. Finally, there were a sudden ‎ pull at the pole and fish was caught . Within the next few minute, my grandfather also caught a fish. Felt hungry,‎ ‎ we built a fire by the lake and barbecued the fish. It was delicious.‎ 八、Correction【2013·四川卷】‎ 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)‎ 下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1. 每句不超过两个错误;‎ ‎2. 每处错误及其修改均公限一词;‎ ‎3. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Today we had a chemistry test. I found the test difficulty, but I tried hardly to do it. Suddenly Mary, my best friend,‎ ‎ asking me to let her to copy my answers. After think for some time, I let her copy my answers. But after the test,‎ ‎ all of us were called to the teacher’s office. The teacher was angry because we had same answers in the tests. We ‎ were warned not to cheat again so she would need to see our parents. I was very upset. I didn’t cheat. I was just ‎ helping a friend. Why does she punish me?‎ 九、Correction (2013辽宁卷)‎ 下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。   增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写上该加的词。   删除:把多余的词用斜线(划掉。   修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写上修改后的词。   注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;   2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Mr. Johnson is a hardworking teacher. Every day, he spends too much time with his work. With little sleep and ‎ hardly any break, so he works from morning till night. Hard work have made him very ill. ―He has ruined his ‎ healthy. We are worried about him.‖ That is which other teachers say.‎ Yesterday afternoon. I paid visit to Mr. Johnson. I was eager to see him, but outside her room I stopped. I had to ‎ calm myself down. Quietly I step into the room. I saw him lying in bed, looking at some of the picture we had ‎ taken together. I understood that he missed us just as many as we missed him.‎ 十、Correction (2011浙江卷)‎ 下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。   增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写上该加的词。   删除:把多余的词用斜线(划掉。   修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写上修改后的词。   注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;   2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ I was playing at my cousin house. Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toys than I did. There was one ‎ on particular I’d always wanted. I put into my pocket when he wasn’t looking. I guessed, even at that age, I would ‎ never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy or faced my cousin again; I would always know I’d done something ‎ wrong. Late on, my aunt drove me home. When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave it back.‎ ‎ She knows what had happened, but she thanked me and ever mentioned it again.‎ 十一、Correction (2009.全国卷I)‎ 下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。   增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写上该加的词。   删除:把多余的词用斜线(划掉。   修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写上修改后的词。   注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;   2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ After five years away in my hometown, I find that the neighborhood which I used to living in has changed a lot.‎ ‎ The Sichuan Restaurant and the older fish shop across the street from our middle school were gone. There exist ‎ now a park that has a small river run through. The factory at the comer of Friendship Street and ‎Zhongshan Road ‎ has been moved out of the city, and sports center has been built in their place. The market at the corner of ‎ Friendship Street and Xinhua Road has been given way to a supermarket. Besides the bookstore next to our middle ‎ school is still there. ‎ 十二、Correction(2009.全国卷II)‎ 下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。   增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写上该加的词。   删除:把多余的词用斜线(划掉。   修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写上修改后的词。   注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;   2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Hi, Susan.‎ I’m sorry that I wasn’t able to return to your bike on time yesterday. I mean to give it back to you before four in the ‎ afternoon,and I was hold up on my way back. Just before I turned corner of park street. I happened see an ‎ accident. A little girl was hurt and her mother needed help. So I helped them going to the nearest hospital. I stayed ‎ here for one and a half hour and made sure that the girl was all hope you understand.‎ Thank you!‎ Li Ling 十三、Correction(2009.陕西卷)‎ 下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。   增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧‎ ‎),并在其下面写上该加的词。   删除:把多余的词用斜线(划掉。   修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写上修改后的词。   注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;   2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ My classmate, Joseph, is at present in hospital with a breaking leg. He was walking to school the other day when he ‎ let a bicycle ran right into him. He never watches where he is going, so he often gets into the trouble. But he is ‎ having a nice time here. He has a comfortable room, patiently nurses, and a great deal of time to read. Some friends ‎ of his go to see him every day, they take him lots of good book and fresh fruit. He is not losing any time from ‎ school because he is busy study what he has missed in classes. The doctor says he is recovering fast than expected ‎ and will be out of hospital a few weeks. ‎ 十四、Correction(2009.辽宁卷)‎ 下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。   增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写上该加的词。   删除:把多余的词用斜线(划掉。   修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写上修改后的词。   注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;   2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ When I was in high school, most of my friend had bicycles. I hoped I could also have it. One day I saw a ‎ second-hand bicycle, that was only one hundred yuan. I asked my father the money. But he said he could only ‎ give me half of the money. He should find the other half myself. So I went to sell newspapers after the school. My ‎ father was pleased if I showed him the money a month after. He gives me the other fifty. You can imagine how ‎ much happy I am when I rode to school on my own bicycle. ‎ 十五、Correction(2009.浙江卷)‎ 下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。   增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写上该加的词。   删除:把多余的词用斜线(划掉。   修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写上修改后的词。   注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;   2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ One rainy day while I was walking home with one of my friend, a truck came to a stop besides us. The driver put ‎ the window down and offered us a umbrella because he found we were wet through. I stood there and couldn’t ‎ believe in that a complete stranger is so thoughtful. The man insisted, so I grateful accepted the offer, thanked him ‎ and watched the truck disappear down the road. This man might need the umbrella himself, and he preferred to give it to everyone else. It was a lesson to us that it was possible give without expect anything in return. ‎ ‎   一、答案   第一句:before→ago 此处讲述的是过去发生的事情,和一般过去时连用的应是ago,before常和完成时连用。   第一句:by→of with the help of...在……的帮助下,为固定短语。   第二句:year→years 句中year是可数名词,前面的these应修饰复数形式的名词。   第二句:had→have 时间状语since then 通常和现在完成时连用,而不是过去完成时。   第三句:在result前加a as a result 结果,为固定短语。   第三句:somewhere→everywhere 根据句意可知是“到处都有”,所以用everywhere。   第四句:taste→tasty 本句中small,juicy和tasty是并列的表语,所以要用形容词。   第五句:much→many 根据前面的be动词are和后面的them可知应是代替可数名词复数的many。   第六句:删掉but/but→yet 引导让步状语从句的although不能和连词but连用,但是可以和副词yet连用。所以可以删掉but,也可以把but改为yet。   第七句:wonderfully→wonderful 修饰名词时应用形容词。   二、答案   [语篇解读] 本文为记叙文,题材是学校生活类。作者描述了自己心目中理想的校园。   第二句:They→There 表示“上午有三节课,下午有两节课”应使用there be句型。   第三句:didn’t→don’t 全文时态是以一般现在时为主,故应将didn’t改为don’t。   第三句:many→much homework是不可数名词,故应用much修饰。   第四句:with→for 表示时间、金钱、空间等足够/足以(用于……)时,应使用介词for。   第五句:第一个hour→hours “一个半小时”要说one and a half hours。   第六句:look→looks 主语My dream school(我梦想中的学校)是单数,其谓语动词也应使用第三人称单数形式。   第七句:删掉第一个the all kinds of(各种各样的)后直接加可数名词复数或不可数名词,不用再加冠词。   第八句:sat→sit We can lie...,or (can) sit...   第八句:listening后加to listen是不及物动词,接宾语时要加介词to。   第九句:helpfully→helpful and连接两个形容词作表语,故应将副词helpfully改为形容词helpful。   三、答案   1.第二句:删掉had。此处指过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。   2.第二句:noise→noisy。此处作表语,应该是形容词。   3.第三句:comes→came。此处是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。   4.第四句:but→and。此处是顺承关系。   5.第五句:在searching后加for。搜寻某个东西应该用search for。   6.第五句:his→its/the。此处指票的主人。   7.第六句:a→the。此处特指丢了的票。   8.第七句:previous→previously。此处应该用副词形式。   9.第八句:strangers→stranger。此处指的是票的主人,只有一个人,所以用单数。   10.第九句:on→in。此处是固定词组in need。   四、答案   1.第一段:去掉bothers后的to bother sb.打扰某人。   2.第二段第一句:time→times 考查名词复数。several times好几次。   3.第二段第二句:understanding→understand 根据it’s difficult to do sth.句型可知。   4.第二段第三句:have→has 考查主谓一致。the early morning barking为单数,所以谓语动词也应为单数形式。 ‎ ‎  5.第二段第四句:Beside→Besides 此处应为副词besides而不是介词beside。   6.第二段第四句:average前的a→an 考查冠词。average为以元音音素开头的单词,所以应用冠词an。   7.第二段第五句:starts→started 考查时态。因为是今天早晨发生的事情,所以用一般过去时。   8.第二段第六句:closely→close 考查形容词。形容词close作表语。   9.第三段:our→your 考查物主代词。   10.第三段:在figure后加out 根据动词短语figure out(想出)可知答案。   五、答案   1.第二句:with→about talk with sb.和某人交谈;talk about sth.谈论某事。   2.第二句:go→goes 主语是a fire alarm,谓语动词要用单数形式。   3.第三句:在wait后面加for wait for sb.to do sth.等待某人做某事。   4.第四句:classmate→classmates classmate是可数名词,根据语境可知不止有一个同学,所以要用复数形式。   5.第五句:trying→try and连接的是并列的两个祈使句,前面是表示否定的祈使句,后面应是肯定的祈使句,所以要用动词原形。   6.第五句:calmly→calm 此处作系动词remain的表语,所以应用形容词,和quiet并列。   7.第六句:a→the 此处应该是特指上文提到的火灾。   8.第七句:us→you 人称代词错误。前文用的是人称代词you,所以此处也应该是you。   9.第八句:删掉when 引导词使用重复,that已经引导宾语从句,所以when多余,而且不符合语境。   10.第八句:and→or 此处应该是选择关系而不是并列关系。‎ 六1.【答案】of---去掉 ‎2. 【答案】have—having ‎3. 【答案】that—which ‎4. 【答案】becomes—became ‎5. 【答案】在day前加the ‎6. 【答案】interesting---interestingly ‎7. 【答案】by---with/to ‎8. 【答案】drank---drunk ‎9. 【答案】cup—cups ‎10. 【答案】grow-growth 七1. (第二段)第一句go→went。‎ ‎2. 第二句ours→our。‎ ‎3. 第三句so去掉。‎ ‎4. 第四句Before→After。‎ ‎5. 第四句impatiently→impatient。‎ ‎6. 第五句中and→but。‎ ‎7. 第六句were→was。‎ ‎8. 第六句中and ∧fish-a。‎ ‎9. 第七句minute→minutes。‎ ‎10. 第八句Felt→Feeling。‎ 八61. 【答案】difficulty--- difficult ‎62. 【答案】hardly--- hard。‎ ‎63. 【答案】asking--- asked.‎ ‎64. 【答案】第二个to去掉。‎ ‎65. 【答案】think--- thinking.‎ ‎66. 【答案】all---both.‎ ‎67. 【答案】same前加the.‎ ‎68. 【答案】tests--- test.‎ ‎69. 【答案】so---or.‎ ‎70. 【答案】does---did.‎ 九答案:1.with—on 2.so去掉 3.have—has 4.healthy—health 5.which---what ‎6.visit前加a 7.her---his 8.step—stepped 9.picture---pictures 10.many—much 十1.cousin – cousin’s 2. rich – richer 3.on --- in 4.put ---put it/that 5. enjoy to --- enjoy ‎6.faced --- face 7. Late --- Later 8.slow --- slowly 9. knows --- knew 10. ever --- never 十一答案 ‎1. in→from。句意是我离开家乡五年,away from属于固定搭配。‎ ‎2. living → live。used to 后跟动词原形,表示―过去常常做某事请‖。‎ ‎3. older → old。句中没有比较的意思。‎ ‎4. were → are。 根据上文可知饭店和鱼店消失都陈述的是现在的情况。‎ ‎5. exist → exists。 主语a park是单数第三人称。‎ ‎6. run---running ‎7. sports前加a。 sports center是可数名词单数,表示不确定。‎ ‎8. their → its。 前文中提到了名词The factory是单数,因此把their改为its。‎ ‎9. 去掉been。短语give way to―让路‖,用主动语态。‎ ‎10. Besides → But。前后表示转折关系。‎ 十二答案 ‎1. 去掉to;‎ ‎2. mean改为meant;‎ ‎3. and改为but;‎ ‎4. hold改为held;‎ ‎5. turned the corner;‎ ‎6. see前加to;‎ ‎7. going改为go;‎ ‎8. here改为there;‎ ‎9. hour改为hours;‎ ‎10.were改为was 十三答案 ‎1. breaking- broken. 非谓语动词做定语,与所修饰词是被动关系,用过去分词。‎ ‎2. ran- run. let后常用省略to的不定式做宾语补足语。‎ ‎3. 去掉trouble前的the。get into trouble是固定短语,意思是:陷入麻烦中。‎ ‎4. here---there ‎5. patiently- patient. 修饰名词nurses,用形容词。‎ ‎6. ∧they take him- and.前后文是并列关系,用并列连词and。‎ ‎7. book- books. book前用lots of修饰,应用复数。‎ ‎8. study – studying。be busy (in) doing sth:忙于做某事。‎ ‎9. fast- faster。由than可知此处副词用比较级。‎ ‎10. ∧a few- in/within。in a few weeks:过几周。‎ 十四答案 ‎1. friend---friends;Most of 决定了名词必须用复数形式。‎ ‎2. it—one;it代替同一个,one指同类里边的一个,此处我希望我也能有一辆,与前面提到的是一类。‎ ‎3. that---which;非限制性定语从句的先行词指物时只能用which不能用that.‎ ‎4. the money前加for;、此处ask my father的目的应该是钱。ask my father与 the money之间需要加表目的的介词。‎ ‎5. He----I;由前句he said he could only give me half of the money. 和后句的myself.可知此处应该改为I.‎ ‎6. if---when;按照句意应该是一个月后,当我给他看钱的时候,可知此处应该用when。‎ ‎7. after---later;此处用副词,不能用连词。‎ ‎8. gives---gave;按照上下文叙述的都是发生地事情。‎ ‎9. 去掉happy前的much.;此处how与happy之间不需要加任何词。‎ ‎10. am---was 十五 ‎1. friend-friends 。---中的多数才能用one of ,one of 后用名词复数形式,改为friends.‎ ‎2. besides----beside,在---旁边,用beside.‎ ‎3. a----an;umbrella 的发音可知。‎ ‎4. 去掉in;believe vt.‎ ‎5. is----was;过去发生,用过去时。‎ ‎6. grateful---gratefully;动词accept.用副词 ‎7. and---but;前后构成转折,用but.‎ ‎8. everyone---someone/somebody;表示其他人用someone/somebody else。‎ ‎9. possible后加to;用 It is/was possible to do sth.句型决定。‎ ‎10. expect----expecting;介词后动名词形式。‎