（浙江选考）2020版高考英语大二轮复习 专题一 阅读理解提升练6 4页

阅读理解提升练(六)‎ A ‎(2018·浙江宁波诺丁汉大学附属中学高三下学期期中)‎ In the first days of the new year,a photo from Rio’s traditional fireworks show on Copacabana Beach has spread like wildfire on Brazilian social networks—a shot of a little boy,alone,wading into the water,separated from the joyful crowd celebrating and taking pictures behind him.Arms crossed,he stares up wide-eyed and open-mouthed at the fireworks in the sky.‎ Despite the absence of any information about the child other than his age 9,the image Lucas Landau shot for Reuters news agency has sparked tens of thousands of shares and comments on social media,newspaper articles,blog posts and a national debate about race,class and inequality.To some,it’s just a photo of a young black boy attracted by the spectacular New Year’s Eve fireworks.People need to stop thinking that all black boys,without shirts on,are abandoned,sad,alone and unhappy.To others,the image is emblematic of Brazil’s severe inequality.‎ About half of Brazil’s population of 200 million identify as mixed-race/black,second only to Nigeria.But black and mixed-raced Brazilians are minor in academia,politics and leadership roles.Less than 10 percent of Brazil’s Congress is black,and just 18 percent of leadership roles are held by Afro-Brazilians.‎ For Luiz Augusto Campos,a sociologist at Rio State University,the wide-ranging interpretations of the photo,as well as the explosive debate it generated,represents a changing tide for Afro-Brazilians.“The fact that it’s become so problematic is a reflection of a complex transition in terms of race in Brazil,” he said,adding that 20 or 30 years ago,the photo would have stirred few or no concerns about whether it strengthened negative stereotypes (刻板印象).‎ ‎“These changes are still relatively small in Brazil,but they have the long-term objective of dissociating the ideas of blackness and poverty,” Campos said.‎ ‎1.What can we learn from the passage?‎ A.The boy’s age is mentioned in the news.‎ B.The debate the image causes worsens the severe inequality.‎ C.Afro-Brazilians are mistreated because they are in the minority.‎ D.The boy in the photo has been abandoned and needs urgent help.‎ ‎2.Which word can be used to replace the underlined word “emblematic”?‎ ‎　　　　 　　　　　‎ A.Problematic. B.Representative.‎ C.Objective. D.Significant.‎ 4‎ ‎3.What problem does the photo reflect according to this passage?‎ A.The racial inequality in Brazil.‎ B.The social status of the Afro-Brazilians.‎ C.The Afro-Brazilians’ fighting for rights.‎ D.The stereotype to associate or link blackness with poverty in Brazil.‎ B India now leads the world in smartphone growth.It saw a 55% increase in the number of smartphones in 2014.The number of Web users increased by 37%.Smartphones were the source of 65% of its Internet traffic and 41% of its e-commerce,according to a report by the analyst Mary Meeker,titled “Internet Trends 2015”.‎ India’s Internet boom has started.Within three to four years,almost every adult in India will own a smartphone.They will be used to order goods,read news,monitor crop growth and so on.‎ Indian adults will be very interested in these devices just as young Americans are.87% of Americans between the ages of 18 and 34 who own smartphones say they never separate from these:“My smartphone never leaves my side.” Four out of five say that the first thing they do on waking is to reach for their smartphones.And three fifths believe that in the next five years everything will be done on mobile devices.‎ In the business world,the rise of mobile platforms is dramatically transforming many industries all over the world.What Indian software developers have to do is start thinking about solutions to old problems by using all the features of these new devices.They need to take advantage of the unique properties of smartphones and tablets.As Indian software developers and enterprises master the smartphone,they will be able to export their solutions to the rest of the world.‎ This will make possible a new tech revolution that is greater than what created India’s IT industry in the 1980s and 1990s.We can expect the rapid transformation of India when a billion people become connected and have equal access to information and services.‎ ‎4.Loads of numbers are used in Paragraph 1 to show 　　　. ‎ A.India’s smartphones increase most rapidly in the world B.India has the most advanced IT industry in the world C.India will be a superpower pretty soon D.India will export new smartphones to the rest of the world ‎5.What will most young Americans do first the moment they wake up?‎ A.Read news.‎ B.Shop online.‎ C.Get their smartphones.‎ D.Check e-mails.‎ ‎6.Which can be the best title of the text?‎ A.More people,more smartphones B.No dream,every Indian owns a smartphone C.At hand,India’s next tech revolution ‎ D.A small smartphone,a big use C Whenever the word “hero” comes to me,I immediately think of three Hs:honourable,hard-working,and happy.When I think more about this word,I picture someone who has accomplished good things for people and tries to do the right thing.Hattie Elizabeth Alexander is one person whom I find to be very heroic.‎ 4‎ Hattie was born in Baltimore,Maryland on April 5,1901.During her time at College she earned her Bachelor’s Degree in Bacteriology and Physiology.These were just the first steps towards what she was finally going to be remembered for.After college Hattie attended the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and received her medical degree.‎ After her education,she pursued her career,and after much time and hard work,she drastically reduced the number of infants (幼儿) dying from meningitis (脑膜炎).Hattie was very dedicated to her work and helped as many locations as she could.Spending substantial (大量的) time in the labouratory,Hattie successfully developed a cure against the disease,which decreased the death rate to 20 per cent.At the same time,she was also a teacher working with Columbia University.‎ She was a caring lady interested in other people’s lives.When she was teaching at Columbia University,other members would talk to her about students that were failing their classes,and somehow Hattie could always find convincing reasons as to why they should not be driven away.Later,Hattie became an instructor in Pediatrics at New York City’s Babies Hospital.After many honours,she became the first woman president of the American Pediatric Society in 1965.This was her last major achievement,for soon after,Hattie died of cancer on June 24,1968.‎ Hattie is my hero because her positive attitude and strength helped her accomplish great things for others.She gave them her strength by developing medicines against diseases,which,by doing so,made them stronger.This is what makes Hattie Elizabeth Alexander my hero.‎ ‎7.According to the passage,Hattie Elizabeth Alexander　　　. ‎ A.received her Bachelor’s Degree in Johns Hopkins School B.spent all her time in the labouratory developing cures for illnesses ‎ C.cared a lot about others’ private lives D.always tried her best to help prevent students from dropping out of college ‎8.What does the underlined word “drastically” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A.Slightly.　　　　　　　B.Hardly.‎ C.Greatly. D.Totally.‎ ‎9.Hattie is considered to be a hero by the author in that　　　. ‎ A.she was an honourable,hard-working and happy person B.she was a very dedicated woman doctor with many honours C.she was a caring lady who helped many students finish college D.she was the first woman president of APS ‎10.Which of the following would be the most proper title for the text?‎ A.An honourable woman B.A woman accomplishing great things C.My hero—Hattie Elizabeth Alexander D.The first woman president of the APS 4‎ 阅读理解提升练(六)‎ A ‎【语篇导读】 在新年的最初几天,来自里约热内卢传统烟花展上的一个小男孩的照片在巴西社交媒体上迅速传播,并引发了热议。这种热议从某个角度上反映了巴西种族问题的积极转变。‎ ‎1.A　推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句中的“the absence of any information about the child other than his age 9”可知,除了他9岁以外,没有任何关于这个孩子的信息。A项符合题意。‎ ‎2.B　词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中的“To some,it’s just a photo of...emblematic of Brazil’s acute inequality.”可知,对一些人来说,这只是一张照片,但对另一些人来说,这张照片反映出了社会的不平等现象,他们认为这张照片代表了巴西的不平等。representative 意为“有代表性的”。problematic 意为“有问题的”,objective 意为“客观的”,significant 意为“有意义的”。‎ ‎3.D　推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后一句和最后一段中的“but they have the long-term objective of dissociating the ideas of blackness and poverty”可知,这件事反映了巴西人在种族方面的复杂转变,在二三十年前,这张照片几乎不会引起多少人的担忧,也没有人担心它是否强化了负面的刻板印象。现在人们有一个长期的目标,那就是把黑肤色和贫穷为一体的观念分离开。D项意为“在巴西,将黑肤色和贫穷联系在一起的刻板印象”,故选D项。‎ B ‎【语篇导读】 近年来,印度智能手机联接互联网发展迅猛,可以预见,它的下一次技术革命即将到来。‎ ‎4.A　推理判断题。由第一段第一句“India now leads the world in smartphone growth.”可知,这些数字是为了表明印度智能手机的快速发展。‎ ‎5.C　细节理解题。由第三段的“Four out of five say that the first thing they do on waking is to reach for their smartphones.”可以看出:五分之四的美国年轻人醒来第一件事就是拿手机,由此可知答案。‎ ‎6.C　主旨大意题。C项含有概括全文的关键词:India,at hand(双关:在手边&即将到来),tech revolution。‎ C ‎【语篇导读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“我”心目中的英雄——Hattie Elizabeth Alexander。‎ ‎7.D　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“When she was teaching...were failing their classes...could always find convincing reasons as to why they should not be driven away.”可知,Hattie Elizabeth Alexander总是尽最大努力防止学生退学。故选D项。‎ ‎8.C　词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句可知,应该是大大减少了死于脑膜炎的幼儿的数量。可知C项符合题意。‎ ‎9.A　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句及最后一段的内容可知,作者之所以认为她是名英雄是因为她是一个受人尊敬、勤奋和幸福的人。故选A项。‎ ‎10.C　主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句和最后一段第一句可知C项“My hero—Hattie Elizabeth Alexander”为最佳标题。‎ 4‎