2020版高考英语 Unit 3 A taste of English humour（词汇考查+词汇应用）（含解析） 8页

Unit 3‎ 李仕才 ‎ 一、词汇复习 ‎（一）单句语法填空 ‎1．Excessive dosage(剂量)of this drug can result in ________(injure)to the liver. ‎ 答案：injury　名词injury表示“伤害”。‎ ‎2．“Thank you.” is a polite ________(express) which is widely used in English. ‎ 答案：expression　a polite expression表示“一种礼貌的表达”。‎ ‎．He ________(brave)went into the burning house to rescue the baby. Everybody present praised him for his ________(brave). ‎ 答案：bravely; bravery　第一空用副词修饰动词；第二空前有物主代词his，后面用名词。‎ ‎4．Most Chinese like drinking tea, while ________(America) like coffee. ‎ 答案：Americans　Americans与前一句中Chinese相呼应。‎ ‎5．More and more people go in for sports in modern ________(time). ‎ 答案：times　in modern/ancient times“在现代/古代”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎（二）英汉互译 ‎117.humour n. __________‎ ‎118.△punchline n. __________‎ ‎119.△verbal adj. __________‎ ‎120.△nonverbal adj. __________‎ ‎121.△mime n. __________‎ ‎122.△Charlie Chaplin __________‎ ‎123.△Edward Lear __________‎ ‎124.comedy n. __________‎ ‎125.△Victor Hugo__________‎ ‎126.up to now __________‎ ‎127.△brighten vt. __________‎ ‎128.△depressed adj. __________‎ ‎129.content adj. n. vt. __________‎ ‎130.feel/be content with __________‎ ‎131.performer n. __________‎ ‎132.astonish vt. __________‎ ‎133.astonishing adj. __________‎ ‎134.fortunate adj. __________‎ ‎135.unfortunately adv. __________‎ ‎136.badly off __________‎ 8‎ ‎137.△teens n. __________‎ ‎138.ordinary adj. __________‎ ‎139.bored adj. __________‎ ‎140.△subtle adj. __________‎ ‎141.entertain vt. & vi. __________‎ ‎142.△entertaining adj. __________‎ ‎143.△charming adj. __________‎ ‎144.△tramp n. __________‎ ‎145.throughout prep. adv. __________ ‎ ‎146.homeless adj. __________‎ ‎147.moustache n. __________‎ ‎148.worn adj. __________‎ ‎149.△worn-out adj. __________‎ ‎150.△stiffly adv. __________‎ ‎151.failure n. __________‎ ‎152.△optimism n. __________‎ ‎153.overcome vt. & vi. (overcame,overcome) __________‎ ‎154.△underdog n. __________‎ ‎155.△snowstorm n. __________‎ ‎156.leather n. __________‎ ‎157.pick out __________‎ ‎158.△lace n. __________‎ ‎159.cut off __________‎ ‎160.chew vt. & vi. __________‎ ‎161.△mouthful n. __________‎ ‎162.△enjoyment n. __________‎ ‎163.convince vt. __________‎ ‎164.convincing adj. __________‎ ‎165.direct vt. & vi. adj. __________‎ ‎166.star in __________‎ ‎168.outstanding adj. __________‎ ‎169.Switzerland n. __________‎ ‎170.△confidence n. __________‎ ‎171.△costume n. __________‎ ‎172.gesture n. vi. __________‎ ‎173.particular adj. n. __________‎ ‎174.particularly adv. __________‎ ‎175.occasion n. __________‎ ‎176.budget n. __________‎ ‎177.actress n. __________‎ ‎178.slide vt. & vi. n. __________‎ ‎179.amuse vt. __________‎ ‎180.△amusing adj. __________‎ ‎181.pancake n. __________‎ 8‎ ‎182.explanation n. __________‎ ‎183.detective n. __________‎ ‎184.△Sherlock Holmes n. __________‎ ‎185.mountainous adj. __________‎ ‎186.whisper n. vt. & vi. __________‎ ‎187.vast adj. __________‎ ‎188.△rhythm n. __________‎ ‎189.mess n. __________‎ ‎189.react vi. __________‎ ‎190.porridge n. __________‎ ‎191.drunk adj. __________‎ 二、阅读理解 A After a year of examining studies concerning whether homework is effective, NYC P.S. 116 elementary school decided that math worksheets and essay assignments were actually a waste of time. In February, Principal Jane Hsu sent a letter to parents stating that the Pre-K through fifth grade students would not be given any traditional homework to encourage kids to have free time for reading, playing outside, or doing activities they enjoy.‎ ‎"The negative effects of homework have been well established," Hsu wrote in a note to parents. "They include: children’s frustration and exhaustion, lack of time for other activities and family time and, sadly for many, loss of interest in learning."‎ Some parents, however, disagree with the policy change, believing that a lack of focus will cause children to fall behind. Homework has been part of education from the beginning, and has increased in volume in recent years.‎ Hsu’s advice that children should read and spend time with their families has upset some parents to the point of considering pulling their children out of P.S. 116. This group feels that homework assignments give children a goal to work toward. Others feel so strongly about the importance of homework that they have begun giving their own homework assignments to their children.‎ An Australian Childhood Foundation survey found that 71% of Australian parents feel they do not spend enough quality time with their children mainly because of the time spent running the household or the time spent helping with homework. Education experts in Australia are saying that parents should stop helping. Doing so will give 8‎ ‎ kids more independence, will give parents more free time, and will help reduce the number of homework-induced arguments in the family.‎ While some research suggests that homework has little academic benefit for elementary students, other research shows homework can help kids develop independence, and confidence. It can also contribute to a sense of belonging or control over their lives. When parents try to help their children with homework, the assistance can take away that feeling and can also drain already exhausted working parents.‎ ‎1.Cancelling traditional homework is aimed at __________.‎ A. allowing students to learn on their own B. inspiring students to spend more time with parents C. wishing students to seek self-development D. motivating students to help with housework ‎2.What can be concluded from the 1st and 2nd paragraph?‎ A. Jane Hsu is the first principal to cancel homework.‎ B. Jane Hsu has done thorough research on homework.‎ C. Jane Hsu paid little attention to students’ academic records.‎ D. Jane Hsu knows students prefer activities to their subjects.‎ ‎3.Why are some parents strongly against Principal Jane Hsu?‎ A. They have no time to give their children homework.‎ B. They don’t think the school is responsible for their kids.‎ C. They are afraid their kids will fall behind.‎ D. They dislike their kids doing too many activities.‎ ‎4.What is the author’s attitude to parents’ helping kids with homework?‎ A. Supportive. B. Indifferent. ‎ C. Ironic. D. Negative.‎ ‎【文章大意】这是一篇议论文，文章对是否应该给小学生布置家庭作业进行了论述。 ‎ ‎1.C 【解析】考查细节理解。依据第一段末尾的"...to encourage kids to have free time for reading, playing outside, or doing activities they enjoy"可知，这所学校取消数学和作文这类家庭作业是为了让孩子们有更多的时间读书，在户外玩耍或者参加自己喜欢的活动，由此可推知这个学校希望学生们寻求自我发展。‎ 8‎ ‎2.B 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"After a year of examining studies concerning whether homework is effective"以及第二段的内容可知，校长对此做了全面的调查。‎ ‎4.D 【解析】考查观点态度。依据文章尾段中的"When parents try to help their children with homework, the assistance can take away that feeling and can also drain already exhausted working parents"可推知，对于家长在作业上帮助孩子的问题，作者持有否定的看法。‎ B My mother grew up in a small coal mining town in southwest Iowa.My grandfather once told me that she knew no stranger and considered everyone in that community her friend.That attitude continued wherever she lived for the rest of her life.‎ As a young girl, I felt embarrassed and cringed(畏缩) every time my mother addressed strangers in the grocery store or on the city bus.She talked to everyone and offered a smile.‎ What really sold me on Mom’s approach to life was her experience on the senior bus, a story I’ve repeated to others many times.The weeks I could not be there, she used this lowcost transportation to the grocery store.After her first trip, I asked her how it went.‎ ‎“Ha！”she said, “I got on that bus and what did I see？Thirteen little old ladies and one old man, and not one word was spoken.”‎ I wondered how long it would be until the somberness(忧郁的氛围) on that bus would change.On my next visit, Mom mentioned the ladies on the bus and something one of them had told her.‎ ‎“Oh, are you talking with them now？” I asked.‎ ‎“Of course, ”she said.“One day I climbed up the steps of the bus and before I looked for a seat, I gave them a big smile and I said, ‘Isn’t it a wonderful day？’ I noticed a few shy smiles.”‎ Mom didn’t give up.She greeted them all each time she got on the bus and before ‎ 8‎ long, the whole group was laughing and talking to one another.The bus became more than just transportation.‎ She’s been gone for ten years but I’ve carried on her recipe for life.I smile at people as I walk by and often begin a conversation in the checkout line.Silent, solemn(严肃的) people respond with smiles of their own and a bit of chatter.All it takes is for one person to initiate(发起) the smile or greeting.It was I who had done the smiling first and all those people had responded.My mother didn’t lecture but taught me by example.She’d given me a recipe for life.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了作者的母亲积极乐观的人生态度对作者的影响。‎ ‎1．How did the writer’s mother break the silence on that senior bus?‎ A．By telling the passengers some jokes.‎ B．By giving each one of the passengers a gift.‎ C．By greeting and smiling at all the passengers.‎ D．By asking the passengers some difficult questions.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据第七段中的“I gave them a big smile”可知，母亲在老年巴士上是通过对车上所有的乘客微笑来打破沉默的，故选C。‎ ‎2．What does the underlined phrase “sold me on” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A．Helped me find.‎ B．Persuaded me to accept.‎ C．Forced me to be against.‎ D．Encouraged me to give up.‎ B　解析：词义猜测题。根据文中第二段可知，作者刚开始是感到尴尬和畏缩的，根据最后一段的前两句可推知，作者接受了母亲的人生态度并开始向他人展示这种人生态度，故此处sold me on是指作者“被劝服并接受”。‎ ‎3．What can we infer from the passage?‎ A．The writer’s mother liked going shopping.‎ B．The writer’s mother used to be a good teacher.‎ C．The writer didn’t like her mother when she was young.‎ D．The writer once doubted her mother’s approach to life.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中作者和母亲态度的对比以 8‎ 及第五段的第一句可推知，作者之前对母亲的生活态度是有所质疑的，故选D项。‎ ‎4．The writer wrote this passage in order to ．‎ A．change the behavior and the thinking of its readers towards making friends B．analyze why people don’t like communicating with each other in public places C．convince people that it is important to know how to communicate with strangers D．encourage people to break the barrier to communication and start conversations bravely D　解析：写作意图题。根据文章的整体内容可知，母亲通过经常对他人微笑从而实现与他人的沟通，创造了一种和谐的交流氛围，作者由此受益。由此可推知，本文的目的在于呼吁人们打破沟通的障碍，像作者的母亲一样勇敢地和他人交流，故选D。‎ 三、七选五 Shortness of breath has many different causes，and the treatment of it is specific for each cause.__1__ There are, however，some following first aid steps you can use to treat it，at least until the ambulance arrives or you're able to get the victim to a hospital.‎ ‎__2__ The more energy you spend，the more oxygen you use and the more short of breath you feel.Think about a good workout at the gym.Exercise hard enough and you will feel short of breath.The cure？Take a break.‎ Let the victim sit，stand or lie where's the most comfortable.There're lots of myths about how some body positions supposedly provide more airflow.Coaches regularly tell players to hold their arms above their heads to maximize chest expansion.Nursing staff assume the “tripod position” is the best position.__3__.‎ Use oxygen.This is a special case used only for people with chronic lung problems.If the victim has oxygen available, this is what it's for.__4__ The victim may have been told by his or her doctor that too much oxygen for too long might cause more problems.Assure the victim that sudden increases in shortness of breath are the instances in which oxygen is needed most.‎ Treat the cause of shortness of breath.__5__ Asthma patients，for example，often have multiple tools and drugs to fix sudden shortness of breath.Victims of lung infections may need to see a doctor and heart attack victims may need an ambulance.‎ A．Have the victim rest.‎ B．Take more exercise at the gym.‎ 8‎ C．The victim should use his or her oxygen as directed by a doctor.‎ D．There're many causes of shortness of breath and many of them are treatable.‎ E．The victim can try to avoid making use of his or her oxygen whenever possible.‎ F．Every person is different，however，so let the victim decide what position is the most comfortable.‎ G．In many cases，the only way to treat shortness of breath is to call 911 or take the victim to a doctor.‎ ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲述了呼吸困难的发生有很多原因，同时提出了四种急救方法。‎ ‎1．G　本段主要讲呼吸困难有很多原因，治疗呼吸困难有不同的方法，因此空处应讲治疗呼吸困难的一般方法，且与下文构成转折关系，故选G。‎ ‎2．A　根据本段中的“The cure？Take a break”可知，本段主要讲让患者休息这种方法，故选A。‎ ‎3．F　根据第三段的主题句可知，此处表示每个人感觉舒服的方式都不同，所以空处应讲让病人决定最舒服的姿势，故选F。‎ ‎4．C　根据本段的主题句可以判断此处指要使用氧气，故选C。‎ ‎5．D　根据空处上下文可以判断，此处表示呼吸困难有很多原因，但是可以治疗的，故选D。‎ ‎ ‎ 8‎