英语高考试题—安徽卷解析版 20页

‎2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（安徽卷解析）‎ 英 语 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 从A，B，C，D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ 例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she want.‎ A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 答案是B。‎ ‎【解析】选A。考查情境交际。句意为：“哦，听起来你说地就像说母语的人一样。”“那里啊，我要表达自己的看法仍然有些困难”。A项为“并非完全”；B项为“我不介意”；C项为“你说的对”；D项为“你能喜欢我很高兴”。根据句意选择A项。‎ ‎24. To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, ______, honest.‎ A. therefore B. above all C. however D. after all ‎【解析】选B。考查副词辨义。句意为：要想成为伟大的人物，你必须聪明、自信，而最重要的是要为人诚实。A项为“因此，所以”；B项为“首先，尤其是，最重要的是”；C项为“可是，然而”；D项为“毕竟；终究”。根据句意选择B项。‎ ‎【解析】选 D。考查时态与主谓一致。句意为：该工厂使用了65%的原材料，其余的用作其它用途。非限制性定语从句中的主语rest意为“其余的”，谓语动词应与of后的名词一致，而which指代先行词materials，故谓语用复数；定语从句中的谓语应与主句中的谓语动词used一致，故用过去时态。从时态和主谓一致两方面考虑，选择D项。‎ ‎28. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _____ it will keep for two or three weeks.‎ A. when B. which C. where D. while ‎【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意为：剩下的任何东西都可以放入冰箱，在那里可以保存两三周。本题考查非限制性定语从句的关系副词。由句型结构可以看出，该题中的先行词refrigerator在从句中作介词的宾语，该介宾结构在定语从句中作地点状语，故选择关系副词where。when在从句中作时间状语；which在从句中作主语或宾语；while是连词，不能用于定语从句。‎ ‎32. —I didn’t ask for the name list. Why ______on my desk? —I put it there just now in case you needed it. A. does it land B. has it landed C. will it land D. had it landed ‎【解析】选B。考查句子时态。句意为：“我没有要名单，怎么名单在我桌上？”“我刚才放在那里的，免得你需要。”问句中谈论的事情即“放”‎ 的动作发生在过去，强调的是对话发生时的情况，需要使用现在完成时，故选择B项。‎ 第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D），选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ When I begin planning to move to Auckland to study, my mother was worried about a lack of jobs and cultural differences. Ignoring these 36 , I got there in July 2010. 37 I arrived, I realized the importance of getting a job 38 my living experience. Determined to do this 39 , I spent several weeks going door-to-door for a job, but found 40 response（回应）.‎ One afternoon, I walked into a building to ask 41 there were my job opportunities ‎（机会）. The people there advised me not to continue my job search in that 42 . As I was about to 43 , a man who had been listening approached me and asked me to wait outside 44 . Nearly ten minutes later, he 45 . He asked me about my plans and encouraged me to stay 46 . Then he offered to take me to Royal Oak to ‎47 a job.‎ I was a little surprised, but had a 48 feeling about him. Along the way, I realized that I had 49 resumes（简历）. Seeing this, the man 50 at his business partner’s ‎ office to make me fifteen 51 copies. He also gave me some 52 on dressing and speaking. I handed out my resumes and went home feeling very 53 . The following day, I received a 54 from a store in Royal Oak offering me a job.‎ It seems that the world always 55 to you when you need it. And this time, it was a complete stranger who turned out to be a real blessing.‎ ‎【文章大意】作者由于去国外学习，人地生疏，求职困难，生活无着，但在好心人的帮助下，顺利地找到了一份工作，于是感到了人间的真爱，生活的美好。‎ ‎41. A. why B. wherever C. whether D. whenever ‎【解析】选C。一天，作者走进一座大楼去问“是否”(whether)有自己能做的工作。A项 为“为什么”；B项为“无论在那”；D项为“无论何时”。‎ ‎42. A. direction B. attitude C. language D. manner ‎【解析】选D。那里的人建议我不要再以这种“方式” (manner)找工作。A项为“方向”；B项为“态度”；C项为“语言”。‎ ‎43. A. answer B. work C. leave D. refuse ‎【解析】选C。此处寻找工作未果，作者正要“离开”(leave)。A项为“回答”；B项为“工作”；D项为“拒绝”。‎ ‎50. A. stopped B. knocked C. glanced D. appeared ‎ ‎【解析】选A。明白了这个问题，他在他生意伙伴的办公室“停”(stop)了下来。B 项为“敲打，敲击”；C项为“扫视，匆匆一撇”；D项为“出现，露面”。‎ ‎51. A. right B. more C. former D. different ‎【解析】选B。他给我“又”印了15分简历。此处数字后用more表示“再，又”。‎ ‎52. A. pressures B. agreements C. impressions D. suggestions ‎【解析】选D。他又针对我的穿衣和说话提了些“建议”(suggestion)。A项为“压力”；B项为“协议，契约”；C项为“印象”；‎ ‎53. A. lonely B. funny C. disappointed D. satisfied ‎【解析】选D。我分发完简历回到家感到非常“满意”(satisfied)。A项为“寂寞的，孤独的”；B项为“滑稽的，可笑的”；C项为“失望的，沮丧的”。‎ ‎54. A. call B. tip C. present D. report ‎【解析】选A。第二天，我收到Royal Oak这个地方的一家商店打来的“电话”(call)，提供给我一份工作。B项为“小费”；C项为“礼物”；D项为“报告”。‎ ‎55. A. turns off B. goes over C. gives back D. looks up ‎ ‎【解析】选C。当你需要这个世界时，世界似乎总会对你有所“回报”(gives back，归还)。A项为“关闭”；B项为“转变；检查”；D项为“仰望；尊敬；拜访”。‎ 第三部分 阅读理解 （共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Passage 1‎ The Information Highway is the road that links computer users to a large number of on-line services: the Web, e-mail, and software, to mention just a few. Not long ago, the Information Highway was a new road, with not many users. Now, everyone seems to want to take a drive, with over 30 million families connected worldwide. Not surprisingly, this well-traveled highway is starting to look like a well-traveled highway. Traffic jams can cause many serious problems, forcing the system to close down for repair. Naturally, accidents will happen on such a crowed road, and usually victims are some files, gone forever. Then, of course, there’s Mr. Cool, with his new broad-band connection, who speeds down the highway faster than most of us can go. But don’t trick yourself; he pays for that speeding.‎ Passage 2‎ Want to know more about global warming and how you can help prevent it? Doctor Herman Friedman, who is considered a leading expert on the subject, will speak at Grayson Hall next Friday. Friedman studied environmental science at three well-known universities around the world before becoming a professor in the subject. He has also traveled around the world observing environmental concerns. The gradual bleaching (变白) of the Great Barrier Reef, which came into the public eye in 2002, is his latest interest. Signed copies of his colorful book, which was published just last month, will be on sale after his talk.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文分两部分，第一篇介绍信息高速公路的情况；第二篇介绍Doctor Herman Friedman的情况。‎ ‎【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第一篇文章中的there’s Mr. Cool, with his new broad-band connection, who speeds down the highway faster than most of us can go可知D项正确。‎ ‎58. What can be learned from Passenger 2?‎ A. There will be a book show at Grayson Hall. ‎ B. Friedman is now studying the Great Barrier Reef.‎ C. There will be a talk on global warming this week.‎ D. Friedman is a leading expert on computer science.‎ ‎【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第二篇文章中的The gradual bleaching (变白) of the Great Barrier Reef… is his latest interest可知B项正确。A项中的a book show错误；C项中的this week错误；D项中的on computer science错误。‎ ‎59. Passage 2 is most probably .‎ A. a poster about a lecture B. an ad for a new book C. a note to a doctor in a university D. an introduction to a professor ‎【解析】选A。主旨大意题。通读第二篇文章可知，全文是围绕着Doctor Herman Friedman在global warming方面的talk展开，故A项正确。‎ B Think about the different ways that people use the wind. You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat. Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources（来源）, as well as one of the oldest. Evidence shows that windmills（风车）began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC. They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power.‎ For many centuries, people used windmills to grind（磨碎）wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground. When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio. However, by the 1940s, when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used.‎ During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever. Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs. Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文介绍了风能及风能运用的情况。在能源短缺的今天，作为最为洁净、丰富的风能，一定会对我们的生活作出极大的贡献。‎ ‎62. One of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that .‎ A. wind power is cleaner B. it is one of the oldest power sources C. it was cheaper to create energy from wind ‎ D. the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs ‎【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，二十世纪七十年代，人们注重环保，而且认识到煤和气的短缺；而风能的特点是洁净、丰富和历史悠久，但是成本较高。综合选择A项最佳。‎ ‎63. What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?‎ A. The advantage of wind power.‎ B. The design of wind power plants.‎ C. The worldwide movement to save energy.‎ D. The global trend towards producing power from wind.‎ ‎【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据末段句子Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind可知，接下来作者应该谈论利用风能发电的情况，因此选择D项。‎ C They are the sort of friends who are so close they trust each other with their lives. If one falls, the other is there to catch him.‎ They are Wellman, whose legs were permanently injured nine years ago in a rock-climbing accident, and Corbett, an experienced rock climber. Together, they climbed up Half Dome, the famous 2,000-foot rock in the Yosemite National Park, through one of the most difficult routes(路线). ‎ During the climb, Corbett took the lead, hit in the metal spikes（尖状物）that guided the ropes and climbed up. Then, after Wellman pulled himself up the rope, Corbett went down to remove the spikes and climbed up again. This process was repeated time and again, inch by inch, for 13 days. Wellman’s job was not easy either. He got himself up the rope through upper body strength alone. In all, Wellman figured that he had done 5,000 pull-ups up the rope on the climb. ‎ However, when the two men first met, they never talked about climbing. “He knew that was how I got injured.” Wellman said. Until one day Wellman decided that he wanted to climb again and they started training.‎ Their climb of Half Dome was not all smooth. At one point, pieces of rock gave way, and Corbett dropped down quickly. Wellman locked their rope in place, stopping the fall at 20 feet. His quick action probably saved his friend’s life.‎ ‎“Your partner can save your life — you can save your partner’s life,” Wellman said as the pair received congratulations from friends. “There are real close ties.” ‎ ‎【文章大意】在现实生活中，不管作什么事情，人人互助就能克服任何困难，甚至挽救生命。Wellman和Corbett的经历恰好印证了这个道理。‎ ‎64. Which of the following was a challenge for Corbett in climbing Half Dome?‎ A. To climb up to remove the spikes. B. To climb it twice C. To do 5,000 pull-ups up the rope. D. To lock the rope in place.‎ ‎【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章可知，C项和D项是Wellman所为，因此排除。根据第六段可知，Corbett在攀爬之中掉了下去，是Wellman及时固定住缆绳阻止住他下落，他得再次攀爬上去，对他来说这是个最大的挑战，因此选择B项。‎ ‎65. Why did the two men never talk about climbing when they first met?‎ A. Corbett was poorly trained.‎ B. Wellman had lost interest in climbing.‎ C. Corbett didn’t want to hurt Wellman.‎ D. Wellman hadn’t decided whether to climb again.‎ ‎【解析】选B。主旨大意题。通读全文可知，Wellman和Corbett通过在攀岩活动中互相帮助，战胜困难，甚至挽救生命的事迹，歌颂了友谊之珍贵，文末的There are real close ties也能说明C项正确。A项意为“一人不敌二人计”。‎ D The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly. Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer, once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”. Since independence, Ireland has revived(复兴) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different areas have different styles of old Irish song which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, etc.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文从地理状况、人口发展、经济情况以及社会生活等方面介绍了爱尔兰共和国，让我们对这个美丽的国家有更进一步的了解。‎ ‎68. What does the author tell us in paragraph 1?‎ A. How the Irish fought against the English.‎ B. How Ireland gained independence.‎ C. How English rulers tried to conquer Ireland.‎ D. How two “Irelands” came into being.‎ ‎71. What can be the best title for the text?‎ A. Life in ‎Ireland B. A Very Difficult History C. Ireland, Past and Present D. The Independence of ‎Ireland ‎【解析】选C。文章标题题。通读全文可知，本文从地理状况、人口发展、经济情况以及社会生活等方面介绍了爱尔兰共和国的过去及现在，故C项最为全面。‎ E George Prochnik would like the world to put a sock in it. He makes his case in a new book, Listening for Meaning in a World of Noise. Here he explains himself (using his indoor voice):‎ ‎“We’ve become so accustomed to noise, there’s almost a deep prejudice against the idea that ‎ silence might be beneficial. If you tell someone to be quiet, you sound like an old man. But it’s never been more important to find continuing quiet. Silence focuses us, improves our health, and is a key to lasting peace and satisfaction.”‎ ‎“We need to excite people about the sounds you start to hear if you merely quiet things down a little. During a Japanese tea ceremony, the smallest sounds become a kind of art—the spoons making a light ringing sound on a bowl, the edges of a kimono(和服)brushing against the floor.”‎ ‎“Deaf people are very attentive(专注的)in almost every aspect of life. If two deaf people are walking together, using sign language, they constantly watch out for each other and protect each other by paying steady attention to the other. They are connected yet also fully aware of their surroundings. Even deaf teenagers! We in the hearing world can learn from them. If we remove the powerful blasts(一阵阵)of noise, we become aware of an extraordinarily rich world around us—of little soft sounds and the sound of footsteps, of bird songs and ice cracking(开裂声). It’s astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen. ”‎ ‎【文章大意】文章介绍了George Prochnik的新著Listening for Meaning in a World of Noise 和他的观点：在喧嚣的世界中创造一方不太纷扰的环境，这个世界会更美好。‎ ‎【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段We’ve become so accustomed to noise, there’s almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial和it’s never been more important to find continuing quiet及第三段During a Japanese tea ceremony, the smallest sounds become a kind of art等句可以判断得出，我们生活在一个喧闹的世界，寂静才是我们的追求，故选择C项。‎ ‎74. Which of the following is true according to Prochnik?‎ A. We need more sounds in our lives B. There is nothing to be learned from the deaf C. We are not aware how rich the world around us is D. There is too much noise at a Japanese tea ceremony 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 任务型读写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。‎ 注意：每个空格只填一个单词。‎ If we agree that the function of education is to prepare us for life, then there is very little time to waste. So, while we can, we ought to concentrate on teaching children something really useful. Here is what our schools should teach.‎ Politeness is a mark of civilization. The sooner children learn this, the better. In any case, a lot can be accomplished by a smile and good manners.‎ How will we test students on these? We can’t. But that’s not a reason to avoid teaching what is important. Our schools should spend every moment they have telling this to our children: “This is life, this is what you are going to face, and this is how you deal with it.”‎ Title Very Useful(76)Teaching/Education/Schooling Introduction Education should be a (77) preparation for life.‎ Advice Important things should be taught in (78)school(s)‎ Teaching ‎(79)Contents/contents ‎/Subjects/subjects/‎ Topics/topics ‎●How to behave(80)politely/properly/well ‎●The basic skill of(81)managing money ‎●How to(82)think in a critical way ‎●How to keep(83)healthy/fit ‎●The rights and responsibilities one has in (84)society Conclusion Children should be taught what (85) life is and how to deal with it.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文意在说明教育的功能，及我们在教育过程中应该注意的方面。‎ ‎76. Teaching/Education/Schooling ‎【解析】捕捉信息题。由文章第一段可知答案。本空只要和“教育”含义有关的词汇皆可。‎ ‎77. preparation ‎【解析】捕捉信息题。由句子the function of education is to prepare us for life可知答案。答此题时注意空前有冠词a，故应用名词preparation ‎83. healthy/fit ‎【解析】捕捉信息题。由文章第五段内容可知答案。注意此空在keep后面，只要是“健康的”含义皆可。‎ ‎84. society ‎【解析】捕捉信息题。由句子All of us are part of society. We have rights and responsibilities可知答案。‎ ‎85. life ‎【解析】捕捉信息题。由句子This is life, this is what you are going to face, and this is how you deal with it可知答案。‎ 第二节：书面表达(满分25分)‎ 某校英文报开辟了一个专栏：Experience。本期话题是如何解决学习中遇到的困难。请你以“My Approach to Difficulties in Learning”为题，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈自己的一些做法。‎ 注意：1、词数100左右；‎ ‎2、短文中不能出现本人相关信息。‎ One possible version ‎ ‎