2012-2017英语高考真题汇编4语法填空题及答案 14页

语法填空 ‎2017年 Cloze 1 2017全国卷Ⅰ，15分 话题：饮食与健康 词数：196 ‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) 1 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 2 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 3 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 4 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 5 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 6 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 7 (be) full of fat and salt; by 8 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 9 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 10 is not good for the health. ‎ Cloze 2 2017全国卷Ⅱ，15分 话题：地下客运铁路 词数：181‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people 〖STF5〗to avoid terrible 1 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 2 work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road,  3  (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 4 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. ‎ Steam engines 5 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 6 (fair)‎ unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 7 every day. ‎ Later, engineers 8 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 9 (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 10 (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. Cloze 3 2017全国卷Ⅲ，15分 话题：上学的同时兼职做模特 词数：196 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 1 (rest). Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as 2 model in New York. Sarah 3 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 4 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 5 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 6 (educate). She has turned down several 7 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 8 engineering or architecture. Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 9 (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 10 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more."‎ Cloze 4 2017浙江，15分 话题：16年前的戒指失而复得 词数：181 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 1 (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer, and she noticed a 2 (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring. Pahlsson screamed 3 loudly that her daughter came running from the house. "She thought I had hurt 4 (I)," says Pahlsson.‎ Sixteen years 5 (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 6 (cook) a meal.When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters — then ten, eight, and six — had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. Pahlsson and her husband  7  (search) the kitchen, checking every corner,but turned up nothing."I gave up hope of finding my ring again,"she says.She never replaced it. Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 8 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 9 it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.For Pahlsson,its return was 10 wonder.‎ ‎2012——2016年 ‎ Cloze 1 2016全国卷Ⅰ，15分 词数：180 ‎ ‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 1 (attract). ‎ So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I 2 (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 3 (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back 4 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 5 I was the first Western TV reporter 6 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 7 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.‎ On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 8 (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few 9 (day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, 10 other is with mum — she never suspects.‎ Cloze 2 2016全国卷Ⅱ，15分 词数：188‎ ‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别) those of 1 (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of 2 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 3 (be) often acceptable.‎ Most of us are more focused 4 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 5 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.‎ Recent 6 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 7 (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 8 while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.‎ If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely 9 (bring) your work home. It could be anything — gardening, cooking, music, sports — but whatever it is, 10 (make) sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.‎ Cloze 3 2016全国卷Ⅲ，15分 词数：178‎ ‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ In much of Asia, especially the so-called "rice bowl" cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 1 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.‎ Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 2 (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 3 (create) special designs.‎ The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 4 (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it. Over time, 5 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 6 (gradual) turned into chopsticks.‎ Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 7 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 8 (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 9 (be) too violent for use at the table.‎ Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 10 their hands.‎ Cloze 4 2016四川，15分 词数：186‎ ‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎ The giant panda 1 （love）by people throughout the world. Chinese scientists 2 (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. She was a very 3 (care) mother. For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something 4 (eat)! She would not let any other pandas come near. She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean. Any smell might attract natural 5 (enemy) that would try to eat the little panda. The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does. 6 it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats. The mother continued to care for the young panda 7 more than two years. By that time, the panda no longer needed 8 (it) mother for food. However, it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest. Then, after two and a half years, the mother 9 (drive) the young panda away. It was time for her to have a new baby, 10 it was also time for the young panda to be independent.‎ Cloze 5 2015新课标全国Ⅰ，15分 词数:182‎ ‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Yangshuo, China It was raining lightly when I 1 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn't care. A few hours 2 , I'd been at home in Hong Kong, with 3 (it) choking smog. Here, the air ‎ was clean and fresh, even with the rain. ‎ I'd skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 5 (painting). Instead, I'd headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it's only an hour away 6 car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. ‎ Yangshuo 7 (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers 8 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 9 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 10 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.‎ Cloze 6 2015新课标全国Ⅱ，15分 词数:176‎ ‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎ The adobe dwellings (土坯房) 1 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 2 most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 3 (able) to "air condition" a house without 4 (use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 5 (slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 6 (cool) the house during the hot day; 7 the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 8 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset (抵消) for the outside temperatures. As 9 (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 10 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.‎ Cloze 7 2015广东，15分 词数:187‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。‎ ‎ Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned 1 farm, which looked almost abandoned. 2 (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby 3 other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what 4 (leave). The cow was their only means of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass 5 it began to rain heavily. While making great efforts to run away, she 6 (fall) over the hill and died. Then the Johnsons had to make a living 7 the cow. In order to support his family, Mr. Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees 8 (sell) the wood. Thinking about his children's clothes, he started growing cotton too. When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market 9 people from the towns met regularly. Now it occurred to 10 that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.‎ Cloze 8 2014新课标全国Ⅰ，15分 词数:188‎ ‎ 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 ‎ Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?‎ In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It 1 (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 2 (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 3 most outstanding examples of ‎ environmental cleanup.‎ But the river wasn't changed in a few days 4 even a few months. It took years of work 5 (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 6 (clean) than ever.‎ Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit 7 is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don't know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation, don't you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?‎ While there are 8 (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 9 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 10 (patience).‎ Cloze 9 2014 新课标全国Ⅱ，15分 词数:195‎ ‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎ One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about 1 (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, 2 some of them looked very anxious and 3 (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next 4 the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike 5 (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused 6 (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept 7 (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked," 8 anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?" A woman on the bus shouted, "Oh dear! It's 9 (I)." She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers 10 (sudden) became friendly to one another.‎ Cloze 10 2014 广东，15分 词数:196‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。‎ Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said 1 was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.‎ After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months 2 (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We 3 (tell) that our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week, 4 for the week after. I didn't understand 5 this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 6 the reservation. What's worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was 7 (surprise) helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 8 top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren't charged extra.‎ The next day, my brother and I went to the beach 9 we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little 10 (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.‎ Cloze 11 2013 广东，15分 词数:203‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。‎ One day,Nick invited his friends to supper.He was cooking some delicious food in the ‎ kitchen.Suddenly,he 1 (find) that he had run out of salt.So Nick called to his son, "Go to the village and buy some salt,but pay a fair price for it:neither too much 2 too little."‎ His son looked surprised. "I can understand why I shouldn't pay too much,Father,but if I can pay less, 3 not save a bit of money?"‎ ‎"That would be a very 4 (reason) thing to do in a big city,but it could destroy a small village like ours,"Nick said.‎ Nick's guests, 5 had heard their conversation,asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.Nick replied,"The only reason a man would sell salt 6 a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 7 the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it."‎ ‎"But such a small thing couldn't 8 (possible) destroy a village."‎ ‎"In the beginning,there was only 9 very small amount of unfairness in the world,but everyone added a little,always 10 (think) that it was only small and not very important,and look where we have ended up today."‎ Cloze 12 2012 广东，15分 词数:213‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。‎ Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, 1 (wear) sun glasses.He walked in as if he 2 (buy) the school.And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.‎ For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt 3 (please), because there were many empty seats in the room.But she quickly realized that it wasn't her,it was probably the fact that she sat in 4 last row.‎ ‎ 5 he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back,he was wrong. It might have made it a little 6 (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around,but that didn't stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him,they had to look at Mary, 7 made her feel like a star.‎ ‎"Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?" the teacher asked.The new boy shook his head."Then I'd appreciate it if you didn't wear them in class.I like to look at your eyes when I'm speaking to you." The new boy looked at the teacher 8 a few seconds and all the other students wondered 9 the boy would do.Then he took 10 off, gave a big smile and said,"That's cool."‎ 语法填空答案 ‎2017年 ‎ Cloze  本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一种低脂肪、低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响。‎ ‎1.as 考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作状语，表示"作为一种抵御心脏病的方式"，所以填as，意为"作为"。 ‎2.effects 考查名词复数。这种趋势产生了一些意想不到的副作用。根据空前的"some"及空后的"such as overweight and heart disease"可知，此处指不止一种副作用，故用名词复数形式effects。 ‎3.to process 考查非谓语动词。be required to do sth.为固定用法。 ‎4.are removed 考查时态和语态。本文的主体时态为一般现在时，此处亦应用一般现在时；又fat and salt是动词remove的承受者，应用被动语态。所以此处填are removed。 ‎5.a 考查冠词。as a result为固定搭配，意为"结果"。 ‎6.worse 考查比较级。短语Even worse 意为"更糟糕的是"，表示意义的递进。故用worse。‎ ‎7.is 考查时态和主谓一致。此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，该句缺少谓语动词，又因主语为Fast food，故填is。 ‎8.eating 考查非谓语动词。介词by后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故填eating。 ‎9.careful 考查形容词。此处为形容词作表语，故填careful"当心的"构成系表结构。 ‎10.which 考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前句的内容，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词which。 Cloze 2 本文为说明文，介绍了全世界第一个地下客运铁路在英国开放及其逐渐发展成现在的地铁的过程。‎ ‎【段意梳理】‎ 第一段：介绍了世界上第一个地下客运铁路的创建以及相关事宜。 第二段：蒸汽机是地下客运铁路的动力机，尽管它让乘客感到不舒服，但乘客数量却大增。‎ 第三段：地下客运铁路发展成现在的地铁。‎ ‎1.crowds 考查名词复数。因为crowd为可数名词，并且其前没有限定词，所以此处用其复数形式。 ‎2.from 考查介词。此处是指"当他们来回上下班时"。 ‎3.laying 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句的主语为This，谓语动词included后由and连接了三个动名词短语作宾语。故填laying。 ‎【易错点拨】该句中的 lay不是与前面的谓语动词included并列，而是与digging up和building并列。句式结构的分析是解答该题的关键。 ‎4.the 考查定冠词。此处指的是在顶端建造一个结实的顶，所以在 top前加the。 ‎5.were used 考查动词时态和语态。因为是介绍1863年的事情，而且Steam engines与use之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。 ‎6.fairly 考查副词。副词修饰形容词unpleasant，故在其前填fairly。 ‎7.it 考查代词。根据上文的"the railway quickly"可知，此处用it代替the railway。 ‎【知识拓展】one 指代上文提到的单数的人或物，指"同一类中的一个"，表示泛指意义；that指上文出现的名词，表示同类的东西，既可指代可数名词单数，又可指代不可数名词，常有后置定语修饰，表特指；it 指上文提到的同一事物，与前面的名词是同一个，表特指。‎ ‎8.managed 考查动词时态。因为engineers与manage之间为主动关系，而且是发生在过去的事情，所以填managed。 ‎9.introduction 考查词性转换。由前面的定冠词the可知，其后应接名词，故填introduction。‎ ‎10.successful 考查词性转换。根据语境并结合空前的the most可知，空处表达最高级意义。故填successful。 Cloze 3 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了16岁的Sarah在上学的同时兼职做模特，并且取得了巨大的成功；虽然她父亲希望她当全职模特，但是Sarah仍然坚持要完成学业。‎ ‎【段意梳理】‎ 第一段：讲述16岁女孩Sarah与同龄孩子不同，在学习的同时兼顾从事模特职业。 第二段：Sarah的父亲希望她放弃学业，但她坚信自己可以做到美丽与智慧并存。 第三段：Sarah拒绝了许多演出邀请，专心于学业，立志考上大学。 第四段：Sarah谈论不想放弃学业而专职做模特的原因。 ‎1. resting 考查固定搭配。spend time doing sth. 是固定搭配，故填resting。 ‎2.a 考查冠词。该空后面model是可数名词单数，此处表示"作为一名模特"，故填a。 ‎3.has been told/was told 考查动词时态和语态。此处动词tell与Sarah是被动关系，因为第二段在讲述父亲和Sarah的想法时都是用现在时，因此可以用现在完成时表达过去对现在的影响，故可以填has been told。此外，"被告知"这件事情发生在过去，故也可填was told。 ‎【易错点拨】考生在考虑动词的时态时，经常会忽略语态，如此题容易误填told。因此，当考查动词的时候要从句意理解出发，考虑动作的主语与动词之间是主动还是被动的关系。 ‎4.who 考查定语从句。此句Sarah是主语，wants是主句谓语，因此可以判断此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词为Sarah，从句中缺主语且指人，故填who。 ‎5.to prove 考查非谓语动词。 want to do是固定搭配，故填 to prove。 ‎6.education 考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词her后需用educate的名词形式，故填education。‎ ‎7.invitations 考查名词单复数。invitation是可数名词，前面有several修饰，要用复数形式，故填invitations。 ‎8.in 考查介词。degree与介词in搭配，表示在某方面的学位。故填in。 ‎9.comes 考查动词时态。全文均为现在时，且school是第三人称单数，故填comes。 ‎【易错点拨】动词如果使用一般现在时，要注意主语是不是第三人称单数。此题容易误填come。 ‎10.certainly 考查副词。此处fun是名词，但空处修饰整个句子，作状语，故填certainly。 ‎【知识拓展】考查形容词与副词时，除了要考虑词性相互转换，还要考虑形容词与副词的反义词。比如括号里给出fortunate一词，需要改为副词形式fortunately，同时还要结合句意来判断，是否要改为unfortunately。 Cloze 4 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了16年前的戒指失而复得的故事。‎ ‎【段意梳理】 第一段：Lena Pahlsson拔萝卜时发现了自己丢失了很久的戒指。 第二段：Pahlsson看到戒指时激动的尖叫声引来了女儿。 第三段：16年前Pahlsson的戒指丢失的情节。  第四段： Pahlsson和她的丈夫回想当时戒指丢失的原因。 ‎1. carrots 考查名词单复数。根据上文的"a handful of"可知，此处表示一把小胡萝卜，所以应用carrot的复数形式。 ‎2.shiny/shining 考查形容词。根据上文的"a"及下文的名词"object"可知，此处需要用形容词作定语修饰名词，故填shiny或shining。 ‎3.so 考查状语从句。Pahlsson的尖叫声是如此响亮以至于她的女儿从房子中跑了出来。此处是so...that...结构，表示"如此……以至于……"。 ‎【易错点拨】本题容易误填such，但要注意such后面接名词，而so后面则接形容词或副词。‎ ‎4.myself考查代词。根据语境可知，hurt这一动作的发出者和承受者为同一人，故应用I的反身代词形式，意为"她认为我伤了我自己"，故填myself。‎ ‎5.earlier 考查形容词的比较级。此处表示"16年前"，故填earlier"……之前，先前"。 ‎6.to cook 考查不定式。此处不定式表示"目的"，意为"去掉戒指以做饭"，故填to cook。‎ ‎7. searched 考查动词的时态。根据本段的基本时态为一般过去时及语境可知，此处应用一般过去时表示发生在过去的动作，故填searched。 ‎8.swept 考查过去分词。根据上文的"got"及语境可知，此处应填sweep的过去分词形式swept，意为"被扫进"。 ‎9.where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the garden，在从句中充当地点状语，故填where。 ‎10.a 考查冠词。此处表示"一个奇迹"，所以需要用不定代词a表泛指。 ‎2012—2016年 ‎ Cloze 1‎ ‎ 本文讲述了作者的成都之旅及其与大熊猫之间的故事。‎ ‎1.attraction 考查名词。但对于像我一样的游客，熊猫是成都最吸引人的事物。由形容词性物主代词its以及形容词top可知,此处应该填动词attract的名词形式attraction，意为"吸引人之物"。 ‎ ‎2.was allowed 考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，主语I与动词allow之间存在被动关系，且前一句的"was"表明此处应用一般过去时，故填was allowed。‎ ‎3.officially 考查副词。修饰动词应该用副词，所以填officially。‎ ‎4.to 考查介词。go back to是固定搭配，意为"追溯到"。 ‎ ‎5.when 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，故填关系副词when。‎ ‎6.permitted 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，permit与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，故填过去分词permitted作后置定语，相当于that/who was permitted。‎ ‎7.introducing 考查非谓语动词。动词include后需跟动名词作宾语，所以此空填introducing。‎ ‎ 【知识拓展】下列动词后也需用动名词作宾语：dislike, imagine, delay, practise, finish, avoid等。‎ ‎8.its 考查代词。由语境及后面的名词mother可知，此空应该填it的形容词性物主代词its。 ‎ ‎9.days 考查名词的数。由few修饰可数名词复数可知，此空填days。 every few days是"每隔几天"的意思。 ‎ ‎10.the 考查冠词。one...the other...是固定搭配，意为"一个……另一个……"。‎ Cloze 2‎ ‎ 本文介绍了缓解工作中的压力的一些方法。‎ ‎1.greater 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境及下文的"and less importance"可知，此处应用形容词的比较级来修饰importance，故填greater。‎ ‎2.achievement 考查名词。首先处理最重要的工作以便你能感到一种真实的成就感。a real sense of achievement意为"一种真实的成就感"。‎ ‎3.is 考查主谓一致和时态。把不太重要的事情留到明天通常是可以接受的。分析句子结构可知，该句中的主语为动名词短语"Leaving the less important things until tomorrow"，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，且全文的基本时态为一般现在时。故填is。‎ ‎【知识拓展】当动名词和不定式在句中充当主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。‎ ‎4.on 考查介词。我们中的大多数人在早上会比我们在一天中的晚些时候更加集中于工作。固定短语be focused on 意为"集中于……"。故填on。‎ ‎5.as 考查连词。因此，早点儿开始并且在午饭前要尽可能高效。固定结构as...as possible意为"尽可能……"。‎ ‎6.studies 考查名词的数。最新的研究表明，如果我们定期短暂休息的话，我们在工作中会变得高效得多。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词为show，为复数形式，且study作"研究，调查"讲时为可数名词，故主语应为复数。故填studies。‎ ‎【易错点拨】考查主语的单复数时，取决于谓语动词的单复数，所以要认真分析句子的结构，找准句子的谓语。‎ ‎7.regularly 考查副词。副词修饰谓语动词take，故填regularly"定期地"。‎ ‎8.a 考查冠词。固定短语for a while意为"一会儿"。‎ ‎9.to bring 考查非谓语动词。固定短语be likely to do sth.意为"可能做某事"，故填to bring。‎ ‎10.make 考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知，but连接两个并列分句。其中第二个分句中，whatever引导让步状语从句，其后为祈使句充当主句。故填make。‎ ‎【易错点拨】在解答该题时，分析句子结构非常重要。因为该句中whatever引导让步状语从句，所以其后应是主句，而祈使句可充当主句，非谓语动词及短语则不可以。‎ Cloze 3‎ ‎ 本文介绍了筷子的材质、中国使用筷子的悠久历史及筷子的文化内涵。‎ ‎1.and 考查并列连词。分析句子结构及语境可知，Vietnam与空前的"China, Japan, Korea"之间是并列关系，且此处表示"以及，和"，故填并列连词and。‎ ‎2.be made 考查被动语态。此处指真正雅致的筷子可能是由金和银做成的。根据make与句子主语Truly elegant chopsticks之间是动宾关系及空前的"might"可知，此处应填be made。‎ ‎3.to create 考查非谓语动词。熟练的工人也会把各种各样的硬木和金属组合起来以创作独特的设计。根据句意可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。‎ ‎4.using 考查非谓语动词。use与其逻辑主语People之间是主谓关系，故此处用现在分词作状语。‎ ‎5.as/when 考查状语从句。随着人口的增长或当人口增长时，人们开始把食物切成小片。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，表示"随着"或"当……时"，故填as或when。‎ ‎6.gradually 考查副词。应用副词修饰动词。‎ ‎7.who 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Confucius，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填who。‎ ‎8.development 考查名词。根据空前的"the"及空后的"of"可知，此处应填名词development。‎ ‎ 9.were 考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的"believed"可知，此处描述的是过去的情况，应用一般过去时；从句主语为knives,谓语动词应用复数。故填were。‎ ‎10.with 考查介词。此处指大部分人用手吃饭，故填with。‎ Cloze 4‎ ‎ 熊猫是全世界的人们都喜欢的动物。文章介绍了一只野生大熊猫照顾小熊猫的情况。‎ ‎1.is loved 考查时态和语态。句子主语为The giant panda，与love之间是被动关系，且表示客观事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态。‎ ‎【易错点拨】此处讲述一个客观事实，不能误用时态。‎ ‎2.recently 考查副词。根据句子结构可知，此处用副词作状语。‎ ‎3.caring/careful 考查形容词。根据句子结构可知，此处用形容词作定语。caring"关心他人的";careful"细致的，周到的"。‎ ‎4.to eat 考查不定式。根据句子结构可知，此处用动词不定式作定语修饰不定代词something。‎ ‎5.enemies 考查名词的数。根据语境可知，此处用名词的复数形式。‎ ‎6.When/If 考查连词。当熊猫宝宝哭泣的时候/如果熊猫宝宝哭泣，熊猫妈妈会前后摇晃熊猫宝宝，而且会轻轻地拍它。语境表明，此处用连词When或If引导状语从句。‎ ‎7.for 考查介词。表示一段时间用介词for。‎ ‎8.its 考查代词。根据句子结构可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词。‎ ‎9.drove 考查时态。此处讲过去发生的事，所以用一般过去时。‎ ‎10.and 考查连词。根据语境可知,此处应用and连接两个并列分句。‎ Cloze 5‎ ‎ 本文介绍了著名旅游景点阳朔。‎ ‎1.arrived 考查时态和语态。主句为过去进行时，因此when引导的时间状语从句应用一般过去时，且I与arrive为主谓关系，故本空填arrived。‎ ‎2.before/earlier 考查副词。本句为过去完成时，描述的是作者来阳朔之前的情况，因此填副词before/earlier。 ‎ ‎3.its 考查代词。这里指香港的污浊空气，因此填形容词性物主代词its"它的"，指香港的。‎ ‎4.that/which 考查定语从句。空处所填词引导限制性定语从句，从句修饰先行词"the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River"，且引导词在从句中作主语，因此本空填关系代词that/which。 ‎ ‎5.paintings 考查名词。由前面的"so many"可知，本空应填名词复数paintings。‎ ‎6.by 考查介词。by car（乘汽车）为固定搭配。‎ ‎7.is 考查时态和主谓一致。本句描述阳朔景色之美，应用一般现在时；主语是第三人称单数，故用is。‎ ‎8.conducted 考查非谓语动词。过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰"A study of travelers"，表示被动关系和动作已完成。 ‎ ‎9.regularly 考查副词。本空所填词修饰动词，应用副词regularly。‎ ‎10.living 考查非谓语动词。live与people之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定语,表示主动关系和长期的特征。‎ Cloze 6‎ ‎ 本文重点介绍了美国Pueblo印第安人所建土坯房独特的调节室温的特点。‎ ‎1.built 考查非谓语动词。 本句主语是The adobe dwellings，谓语是are admired，因此空白处不需要谓语动词，应用过去分词作定语表示一个被动的、已完成的动作。‎ ‎2.the 考查冠词。形容词最高级前常用定冠词the。‎ ‎3.ability 考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词在句中作表语，且空前有their，故填名词ability。‎ ‎4.using 考查动名词。介词without之后接动名词作宾语。‎ ‎5.slowly 考查副词。此处修饰动词短语give out，应用副词。‎ ‎6.to cool 考查非谓语动词。...enough to do sth.表示"……得足以……"，不定式短语作结果状语。‎ ‎7.at 考查介词。at the same time表示"同时"，是固定搭配。‎ ‎8.goes 考查时态和语态。结合语境可知，这里应用一般现在时表示现状。主语为This cycle,与go为主谓关系,故填goes。‎ ‎9.natural 考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词。‎ ‎10.how 考查宾语从句。how引导宾语从句，并修饰形容词thick,表示程度。‎ Cloze 7‎ ‎ 本文讲述了一个小故事。Johnson先生和家人住在树林中，他有一个看着几乎荒芜的农场，幸好他有一头奶牛。可是有一天牛死了，奶牛的死会给Johnson一家带来什么变化呢？‎ ‎1.a 考查冠词。farm在文中是第一次出现，而且此处表示泛指，所以用不定冠词a。‎ ‎2.Luckily 考查副词。修饰整个句子应用副词形式，故填Luckily。‎ ‎3.for 考查介词。exchange A for B是固定搭配，故填介词for。‎ ‎4.was left 考查时态和语态。主语与leave是被动关系，故用被动语态。根据语境可知，此处用一般过去时。‎ ‎5.when 考查连词。有一天，牛正在吃草，这时突然天开始下大雨。be doing...when ‎"正在……这时（突然）……"，为固定句型。‎ ‎6.fell 考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，此处填fell，与后面的died作并列谓语。‎ ‎7.without 考查介词。根据语境可知这里是指"没有了那头牛"，故填without。‎ ‎8.to sell 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。‎ ‎9.where 考查定语从句。先行词为market，关系词在定语从句中充当地点状语，故用where。‎ ‎10.him 考查代词。根据It occurred to sb. that...句型和后面的his farm可知此处应填him。‎ Cloze 8‎ ‎ 只要我们坚持不懈，我们可以做成那些看似不可能的事情。‎ ‎1.was 考查时态和主谓一致。此处描述的是过去的情况，应用一般过去时，主语表示单数概念，故本空填was。‎ ‎2.actually 考查副词。空格在动词前，应用副词修饰动词，本空填actually。‎ ‎3.the 考查冠词。形容词的最高级作定语时，其前通常加the，因此该空填定冠词the。‎ ‎4.or 考查连词。否定句中用or代替and连接并列成分。‎ ‎5.to reduce 考查非谓语动词。It takes/took some time to do sth.为固定句型，因此本空填不定式to reduce。‎ ‎6.cleaner 考查形容词的比较级。由后面的than可知空处应填形容词的比较级cleaner。‎ ‎7.that/which 考查定语从句。所填词引导限制性定语从句，先行词为a habit，关系词在从句中作主语，故应填关系代词that/which。‎ ‎8.amazing 考查-ing形容词。-ing形容词在此作定语，表示事物自身的属性。‎ ‎9.changes 考查名词的数。由谓语动词are可知，空格处应填名词的复数形式changes。‎ ‎10.patient 考查形容词。be patient意为"有耐心"，形容词patient(有耐心的)作表语。‎ Cloze 9‎ ‎ 一个男孩儿追赶公交车，归还一位乘客落下的手提箱……‎ ‎1.being 考查非谓语动词。about是介词，后面接动词时,动词用动名词形式，故填being。‎ ‎2.and 考查连词。所填词连接并列分句,表示进一步说明，故填and。‎ ‎3.disappointed 考查形容词。由空前的and以及anxious可知，此处应填disappoint的形容词形式，主语是人，且此处表示人的感受，故用-ed形容词disappointed(失望的)。‎ ‎4.to 考查介词。next to意为"贴近，紧挨着",符合语境。 ‎ ‎5.caught 考查时态和语态。主语与catch为主谓关系,且此处表示过去的情况,故用一般过去式，填caught。‎ ‎6.to stop 考查固定用法。 refuse to do (sth.)表示"拒绝做某事"，故填to stop。‎ ‎7.riding 考查非谓语动词。keep doing (sth.)表示"一直做某事"，故填riding。‎ ‎8.Did 考查助动词。句子是一般疑问句,且表示过去的情况,再结合动词原形lose可知，此处应填Did。‎ ‎9.me/mine 考查人称代词/名词性物主代词。由问句可知，此处应填me/mine。"It's me/It's mine"表示"是我（丢东西了）/是我的箱子"。‎ ‎10.suddenly 考查副词。修饰动词became应用副词，故填suddenly。‎ Cloze 10‎ ‎ 作者兄弟二人前往迈阿密旅游，住酒店时他们遇到困难，最后酒店经理出面给他们解决了问题。‎ ‎1.it 考查代词。it指代上文提到的旅游目的地Miami。 ‎ ‎2.earlier 考查副词。earlier在此为副词，表示"……之前"。six months earlier 六个月之前。‎ ‎3.were told 考查时态和语态。We与tell为动宾关系，且此处表示过去的情况，故应用一般过去时的被动语态,所以填were told。‎ ‎4.but 考查连词。我们订的不是那一周的房间，而是其后那一周的房间。所填词表示转折关系，且连接并列成分，故填but。　‎ ‎5.why/how 考查宾语从句。why(为什么)引导宾语从句，表示原因；how 引导宾语从句，表示方式。 ‎ ‎6.for 考查介词。固定搭配charge...for... 表示"因……向……索取费用"。‎ ‎7.surprisingly 考查副词。helpful是形容词，应用副词修饰。‎ ‎8.the 考查冠词。on the top floor意为"在顶层"。‎ ‎9.where 考查定语从句。所填词引导限制性定语从句，先行词为beach，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。‎ ‎10.sunburnt/sunburned 考查形容词。我们有点儿晒伤了。sunburnt/sunburned在此处是形容词，作表语，表示"晒伤的"。 ‎ Cloze 11‎ ‎ Nick通过让儿子买盐的事情教育他学会尊重别人的劳动，否则最终受害的是集体。‎ ‎1.found 考查时态和语态。此处是在描述过去发生的事情，因此用一般过去时，且he与find为主谓关系，故填found。‎ ‎2.nor 考查固定搭配。neither通常与nor连用，neither...nor...表示"既不……也不……"，符合语境。‎ ‎3.why 考查固定结构。why not ...意为"为什么不……"，表示建议。‎ ‎4.reasonable 考查形容词。空后为名词thing, 空前有冠词a，因此可以推断空处应该填reason的形容词形式reasonable(合理的，可以接受的)。‎ ‎5.who 考查定语从句。空处所填词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Nick's guests，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who。‎ ‎6.at 考查介词。at a（n） ... price 表示"以……的价格"。‎ ‎7.for 考查介词。名词respect 常与介词for 连用，表示"对……的尊重"。‎ ‎8.possibly 考查副词。这里要使用possible的副词形式修饰动词destroy。‎ ‎9.a 考查冠词。a very small amount of 为固定搭配，意为"很少量的……"。‎ ‎10.thinking 考查非谓语动词。everyone 与think 是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处用现在分词短语thinking...作伴随状语。‎ Cloze 12‎ ‎ 本文围绕一个新来的同学展开。‎ ‎1.wearing 考查非谓语动词。He和wear是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用wear的现在分词形式作伴随状语。‎ ‎2.had bought 考查虚拟语气。此处as if 引导方式状语从句，且该从句应用虚拟语气。根据句意可知，此处表示对过去情况的虚拟，故用过去完成时，且此处表示主谓关系，所以填had bought。‎ ‎3.pleased 考查形容词。由felt可知，此处应填形容词pleased(高兴的)作表语。‎ ‎4.the 考查冠词。last（最后的）前常用定冠词the。‎ ‎5.If 考查连词。此处表示假设，故用If（如果）引导条件状语从句。‎ ‎6.harder 考查形容词的比较级。结合语境和a little 可知，此处应用形容词的比较级harder作宾补。‎ ‎7.which 考查定语从句。先行词为主句，which在此引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。‎ ‎8.for 考查介词。表示一段时间时常用介词for。‎ ‎9.what 考查名词性从句。what引导宾语从句，且在从句中作do 的宾语，表示"什么"。‎ ‎10.them 考查代词。them指代前面提到的太阳镜。‎