2020版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（2）（含解析） 10页

‎2019版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（2）‎ 李仕才 A An increasing number of people are being allowed to finish the working week early during the summer months.Does your boss trust you to spend an afternoon in the sun?‎ Each year the number of companies which offer employees the choice of an early finish to the working week grows.Or, perhaps, each year, more people who work on ordinary Fridays hear about people playing on summer Fridays.‎ When the sun is shining, it makes sense that you should be given Friday afternoons off, right? Sadly, not all managers agree with the policy.‎ Companies that offer employees Friday afternoons off usually expect the hours to be made up.UK publishers Pan Macmillan and Penguin Random House (PRH) are among those offering summer hours.At PRH, those who wish to take off Friday afternoons are expected to work an extra 45 minutes a day from Monday to Thursday.On Fridays, a rota(值班表)ensures each team has been covered.“Most of us don't leave at exactly l p．m.，”Editor Anderson says.“Depending on your workload, you might just leave an hour or so early, but it's still nice to do.”‎ Simon Hayward, CEO of Cirrus, says that the “Summer Fridays” policy requires trust, and that managers need to be seen to take advantage of the offer too.“If a manager offers summer Fridays and then obviously expects employees to work on Friday afternoons, there is a risk associated with it that reduces the sense of wellbeing(幸福)．I think there's a genuine fear in some organizations about flexible working hours.Do you trust your employees to do their best for the business as well as for themselves and their families，or do you fundamentally mistrust them？”‎ Managers in the former camp tend to be comfortable with summer hours.Those in the_latter worry that summer Fridays will lead to late Mondays and longlunch Tuesdays.‎ 文章大意：本文主要讨论星期五下午的休假制度。员工们对此非常支持，但是有些经理们担心会影响工作。专家指出这个制度是否会起到积极的作用取决于公司经理对员工的信任。‎ ‎1．What's the good policy for some employees in summer？__C__‎ A．They don't work on Friday.‎ B．They have flexible working hours on Friday.‎ C．They can take Friday afternoons off.‎ D．They might leave an hour early on Friday afternoon.‎ 10‎ ‎2．Usually in companies, this policy causes the employees to__A__.‎ A．work extra time from Monday to Thursday B．actually work on Friday afternoons C．have a short lunch on Tuesdays D．start work early on Friday mornings 解析：考查细节理解。根据第四段第一句“Companies that offer employees Friday afternoons off usually expect the hours to be made up.”和第三句“At PRH, those who wish to take off Friday afternoons are expected to work an extra 45 minutes a day from Monday to Thursday.”可知，在提供星期五下午休息的公司里，期待这个时间弥补回来，因此员工们从星期一到星期四要加班45分钟。故选A。‎ ‎3．What is Editor Anderson's attitude towards the policy at PRH？__B__‎ A．Opposed. B．Supportive.‎ C．Neutral. D．Indifferent.‎ ‎4．The underlined part in the last paragraph refers to__C__.‎ A．managers who trust their employees to do their best B．companies which can manage the employees well C．managers who mistrust employees D．companies which offer Friday afternoons off 解析：考查词句猜测。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Do you trust your employees to do their best for the business as well as for themselves and their families, or do you fundamentally mistrust them？”可知，有的经理相信员工们竭尽全力为了公司也为了自己和家人，有的经理不相信员工，因此推断the latter指的是不相信员工的经理。故选C。‎ B Big Ben，the Queen，a plate of ham and eggs—no，no，no.If you’re looking for 10‎ ‎ a symbol of Britain，only one thing passes the test—the umbrella.‎ Now，I know what you’re thinking—we have rain in China and we have umbrellas too.Certainly，I will never forget the way it rained when I lived in Beijing: The streets became rivers at once and the sky was full of lightning for hours on end.People ran for cover under bin bags，the shops were emptied of their plastic raincoats within seconds and I found myself soaked from head to foot，my poorlychosen skirt and Tshirt turned totally seethrough.‎ This would never have happened in Britain.‎ For one thing，during my year in Beijing，it only really rained about 10 times.‎ But although we never get a Beijingstyle washout in London，the drizzle that does fall is there all the time.Even when the sky is perfectly blue，you can be sure it’s going to cloud over and start drizzling again within the hour.‎ And when it does，there is chaos.Trains stop and buses break down as if this were the first time the local authorities had seen this wet stuff coming out of the clouds.‎ So—as with so many things in the UK—it’s up to ordinary people to sort themselves out.No selfrespecting Briton will ever leave home without his or her “brolly”—as the umbrella is known to us.‎ A brolly has hundreds of uses，even on rare rainfree days.A real gentleman of London will use his umbrella as a walking stick.A traditional game of cricket(板球) can be played using an umbrella as a bat(球棒)．Nor do you ever have to be afraid of robbers—your umbrella doubles as a defensive weapon.‎ 10‎ There is no brolly more British than my own.But it’s not from London or Manchester or anywhere in the UK.It was a gift from my Chinese teacher—in Beijing.‎ How fitting that my No.1 symbol of Britishness—like almost everything in Britain nowadays—was made in China.‎ ‎1．The author mentioned her rainy weather experience in Beijing to show that ________．‎ A．many foreigners have embarrassing moments living in ‎Beijing B．the rain in Beijing is usually much heavier than the rain in ‎London C．British people are more used to rainy weather than Chinese people D．both Beijingers and Londoners have unpleasant experiences with sudden rain ‎2．The underlined word “This” in the third paragraph refers to “________”．‎ A．people getting extremely wet on rainy days B．sudden rain leading to traffic troubles C．people being wellprepared on rainy days D．it only raining a dozen times per year ‎3．The tone of the article is ________．‎ A．humorous　　　　　 B．optimistic C．objective D．annoyed ‎4．What is the main idea of the article?‎ A．Beijingstyle rain and Londonstyle drizzles both bring chaos.‎ B．Everything in Britain was made in China.‎ C．Why the umbrella is the best symbol of Britain.‎ 10‎ D．What British people use a brolly for.‎ ‎【解题导语】　伦敦阴雨连绵，出行必备雨伞。本文介绍了雨伞是英国的象征。‎ ‎1．解析：选C。细节理解题。由文章前两段可知，英国人习惯了雨天。‎ ‎2．解析：选A。词义猜测题。由文中第二、三段可知A项正确。‎ ‎3．解析：选A。推理判断题。本文语气幽默风趣。故A项正确。‎ ‎4．解析：选C。主旨大意题。本文介绍了为什么雨伞是英国的象征，故C项正确。‎ C Any diet on which you eat fewer calories than you need to get through the day, like an 800calorieperday diet, can be dangerous. Diets that don't allow any fat also can be bad for you. Everyone needs a certain amount of fat in their diet, up to 30% of total calories, so no one should eat a completely fatfree diet.‎ Don't have diets that restrict certain food groups, either. A diet that requires you to say no to bread or pasta or allows you to eat only fruit is unhealthy. You won't get the vitamins and minerals you need. And although you may lose weight, you'll probably gain it back as soon as you start eating normally again.‎ Some people start dieting because they think all the problems in their lives are because of weight. Others have an area of their lives that they can't control, like an alcoholic parent, so they focus on something they can control, their exercise and food intake (摄入)．‎ People who diet may get lots of praise from friends and family when they start losing pounds, which makes them feel good. But eventually a person reaches a weight level and doesn't lose as much weight as before because the body is trying to keep a healthy weight, so they aren't any happier.‎ Some people may find it hard to control their eating, so they stick with an_extreme_diet for a little while, but then eat tons of food. Feeling guilty about the binge, they use laxatives (泻药). Eating too little to maintain a healthy weight or eating only to throw up the calories are both eating disorders, which are harmful to a person's health.‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。文章告诫减肥人群，在减肥的同时务必要保证健康和均衡的饮食，这样才能获得真正的健康。‎ ‎1．The reasons why some people start and keep dieting DON'T include ________.‎ 10‎ A．they think their trouble comes from their weight B．they have a strict parent C．other people's praise when they lose some weight D．there is something they can't control except food intake 答案：B　细节理解题。根据第三、四段内容可知，A、C、D三项均是人们减肥的原因。B项内容文章没有涉及。故答案选B。‎ ‎2．The underlined phrase in the last paragraph refers to ________.‎ A．a fat free diet B．a special diet C．eating too much D．eating too little 答案：D　指代判断题。根据画线短语后“but then eat tons of food”中的“but”可推知，画线部分与其讲述的内容相反，因此“an extreme diet”指的就是“吃得太少”。故答案选D。‎ ‎3．Which of the following statements is TRUE?‎ A．A person needs about 800 calories each day.‎ B．A person who doesn't eat bread is unhealthy.‎ C．An improper diet may cause eating disorder.‎ D．Fat takes up the most part of calories inside body.‎ 答案：C　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“like an 800calorieperday diet, can be dangerous”可知，A项表述错误；根据第二段第二句可知，不包括面包的饮食不健康，但并没说不吃面包的人不健康，故B项表述错误；根据第一段最后一句可知，D项表述错误。故答案选C。‎ ‎4．According to the passage, when people want to lose weight, they should ________.‎ A．avoid eating some food that can lead to being fat B．control their eating amount and times C．have a healthy and balanced diet D．throw up some of what they eat 答案：C　推理判断题。通读全文特别是文章首段内容可知，人们在减肥的同时，还应保证健康和均衡的饮食。故答案选C。‎ D ‎(2015·河南六市第一次联考)‎ 10‎ President Abraham Lincoln led the Union of northern states in four years of civil war against the southern Confederacy. But he did not live to see the end of the war. He did not live to see the nation reunited. He was assassinated in April of 1865.‎ Almost immediately, officials began planning details of the president’s funeral. They asked Mrs. Lincoln where she wanted her husband buried. At first, she said Chicago. That was where the Lincolns were going to live after they left the White House.‎ Then she said the Capitol building in Washington. A tomb had been built there for America’s first President, George Washington. But it had never been used.‎ Finally, she remembered a country cemetery they had visited.At the time, her husband had said，“When I am gone, lay my remains in some quiet place like this.” So Mrs. Lincoln decided that the president’s final resting place would be in the quiet, beautiful Oak Ridge Cemetery outside their home town of Springfield, Illinois.‎ For several days after Lincoln’s assassination, his body lay in the East Room of the White House. The room was open to the public all day. Next, the body was taken to the Capitol building. Again, the public could come to say goodbye. Then the body was put on a special train for the trip back to Illinois.‎ Four years earlier, Presidentelect Lincoln had traveled by train from Illinois to Washington.He stopped to make speeches in cities along the way. Now, on this sad return trip, the train stopped at those same cities: Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York, Cleveland, Indianapolis and Chicago.‎ 10‎ ‎1．Which of the following is the suggested place for Lincoln’s burial?‎ A．Indianapolis. B．Baltimore. ‎ C．Cleveland. D．Chicago.‎ ‎2．Mrs. Lincoln selected Oak Ridge Cemetery as Lincoln’s final resting place because ________．‎ A．the Lincolns were going to live there B．a tomb had been built there for America’s presidents C．it’s quiet there and Lincoln decided to be buried there　‎ D．it meets Lincoln’s requirement about final resting place ‎3．Which of the following events happened first?‎ A．President Lincoln was assassinated.‎ B．President Lincoln had traveled by train to New York.‎ C．George Washington’s tomb was built.‎ D．Lincoln was sent back to Illinois.‎ ‎4．What’s the best title of the passage?‎ A．After Lincoln’s Murder ‎ B．‎Oak Ridge‎ ‎Cemetery C．The Capitol‎ ‎Building ‎ D．Lincoln’s Life ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。主要叙述了林肯被暗杀之后，他夫人为他选墓地及办葬礼的相关事宜。因他生前曾说过死后要将他葬在安静的地方，于是他最终被安葬在了橡树岭墓地。‎ 10‎ ‎1．解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第二、三、四段可知，林肯夫人提议的林肯墓地所在地分别为芝加哥、华盛顿和伊利诺斯州。故答案选D。‎ ‎2．解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中的“When I am gone，lay my remains in some quiet place like this.”可知，因为林肯生前曾说过死后要将他葬在安静的地方，而Oak Ridge Cemetery满足了他对安息之地的要求。故答案选D。‎ ‎3．解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“A tomb had been built there for America’s first President，George Washington.”可知，华盛顿是美国第一任总统，因此为华盛顿修建墓地是最先发生的事情，而其他三个选项都是关于林肯的。故答案选C。‎ ‎4．解析：选A。标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了林肯被暗杀之后，他的墓地被安排在何处的问题。A项概括了文章主旨，适合做标题。故答案选A。‎ E Welcome to AMDA Your future in the performing arts doesn’t have to be a dream. For over 50 years, AMDA has launched some of the most successful careers in theatre, film and television. AMDA creates industry professionals who don’t just wait for life to happen—they stage their own career path. Now it’s your turn.‎ Program description At AMDA, we believe a performer must perform. From the first day, you’ll find many performance opportunities in the three core areas of acting, musical theatre and dance, both in and out of the classroom, plus individual voice lessons. Over the course of your four semesters (学期), you’ll also improve your performance technique through an intensive curriculum that focuses on both foundational and advanced concepts in acting, musical theatre and dance. Finally, through courses in career preparation, you’ll learn how to apply all of this training to a successful career on stage and screen.‎ Philosophy and mission AMDA is committed to providing a splendid performing arts education to a diverse community of creative artists. AMDA serves as both school and stage, where students are given the support and opportunity to identify their own personal objectives and to develop and improve their own distinctive artistic voices. AMDA tries to create 10‎ ‎ an environment for students to develop the skills, confidence, imagination, and power to contribute to their community as artists, businesspeople, lifelong learners, and hard-working citizens of the world Above all, AMDA wants to teach students that commitment and passion are the marks of a successful and joyous career.‎ Registration ‎6305 Yucca Street‎ ‎Los Angeles ‎800-367-7908‎ https: //www.amda.edu ‎1.What is the curriculum of AMDA about?‎ A. Drawing. B. Philosophy. ‎ C. Performing. D. Photography.‎ ‎2.How long does the course last?‎ A. One semester. B. Two years. ‎ C. Three semesters. D. Four years.‎ ‎3.What can students learn in AMDA?‎ A. How to sing beautifully. B. How to train a performer.‎ C. The way to build a stage. D. The way to be a director.‎ ‎【文章大意】文章主要介绍关于表演艺术的课程。‎ ‎1.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Your future in the performing arts doesn’t have to be a dream.”可知，课程是关于表演的。故选C。‎ ‎3.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章“Program description”部分中“plus individual voice lessons”可知，课程也教授语音课。故选A。‎ 10‎