淄博市2014高考英语阅读类系列系列14及答案 10页

淄博市2019高考英语阅读类系列系列（14）及答案 ‎(完形填空)‎ ‎(201***·江苏卷)‎ A boy was walking home from school when he saw a large, tempting (诱人的)apple on one of the branches of an apple tree hanging out over a tall fence. The boy wasn't much of a fruiteater，__1__a bar of chocolate if given the choice，__2__， as they say, the forbidden fruit can be tempting. Seeing the apple, the boy wanted it. The more he looked at it, the__3__he felt and the more he wanted that apple.‎ He stood on tiptoe(脚尖)，__4__as high as he could, but even at his tallest__5__he was unable to touch it. He began to__6__up and down, as high as he could, at the__7__of each jump stretching his arms to get the apple. Still it remained out of__8__.‎ Not giving up, he thought, if only he had something to__9__on. His school bag wouldn't give enough height and he didn't want to__10__the things inside, like his lunch box, pencil case, and Gameboy. Looking__11__， he hoped he might find an old box, a rock, or，__12__luck, even a ladder, but it was a tidy neighbourhood and there was nothing he could use.‎ He had tried everything he could think to do.__13__seeing any other choices, he gave up and started to walk__14__. At first he felt angry and disappointed thinking about how hungry he had become from his __15__， and how he really wanted that apple. The more he__16__like this, the more unhappy he became.‎ ‎__17__，the boy of our story was a pretty smart guy，even if he couldn't always get what he wanted. He started to say to himself. “This isn't__18__. I don't have the apple and I'm feeling miserable as well.There's__19__more I can do to get the apple—that is unchangeable—but we are supposed to be able to__20__our feelings. If that's the case, what can I do to feel better？”‎ 本文通过一个小男孩想摘苹果的故事说明了一个道理：不以物喜，不以己悲。无论面对失败还是成功，都要保持一种豁达淡然的心态。本文小主人公也作了反思：何必因想得到却得不到的东西而悲伤呢？‎ ‎1．A.preferring B．offering ‎ C．receiving D．allowing 答案：A。句意：这个男孩不太喜欢吃水果，如果让他选择的话，他更喜欢一块巧克力，但是正如人们说的，越是得不到的东西越想得到。prefer更喜欢；offer提供，出价；receive收到；allow允许。‎ ‎2．A.so B．then ‎ C．but D．or 答案：C。由第1小题的解析可知，此处为转折关系，故选but。‎ ‎3．A.sadder B．angrier ‎ C．hungrier D．tastier 答案：C。他想摘到苹果，所以越看它就感到越想吃并且越想摘。此处表示人的一种心理作用。sad悲伤的；angry 生气的；hungry饿的，想吃的；tasty可口的。‎ ‎4．A.expanding B．stretching ‎ C．swinging D．pulling 答案：B。句意：他踮起脚尖，尽可能高地伸展腰身，但是甚至腰身拉长到最高高度时他还是够不着。expand膨胀，扩大；stretch拉长，伸展，伸长；swing摆动，摇荡；pull拖，拉，拽。‎ ‎5．A.strength B．length ‎ C．range D．height 答案：D。由第4小题的解析可知，到了最高高度还是够不着。strength力气，优点；length长度；range山脉，范围；height高度。‎ ‎6．A.jump B．look ‎ C．walk D．glance 答案：A。由于够不着，所以只得尽可能高地往上跳。jump跳，蹦；look看；walk走路；glance瞥。由语境知选A项。‎ ‎7．A.tip B．stage ‎ C．top D．level 答案：C。伸出胳膊去够苹果的话，最佳时机是跳得最高的时候，故选top“顶端”。at the top of...为固定短语，意为“在……的顶端”。tip尖，尖端；stage时期，阶段，舞台；level水平，水准。‎ ‎8．A.hope B．hand ‎ C．sight D．reach 答案：D。努力了，但仍然够不着苹果。out of reach“够不着”，符合文意。‎ ‎9．A.put B．stand ‎ C．get D．hold 答案：B。由于够不着苹果，小男孩希望有什么东西可以站上去(以增加高度)。由语境知只有B项合适。‎ ‎10．A.break B．shake ‎ C．take D．strike 答案：A。他不想踩在书上。一方面因为书包不够高，另一方面也是因为他不想弄坏里面的东西。break弄坏，弄碎；shake摇晃，颤抖，哆嗦；take带走；strike打，袭击，敲响，罢工。‎ ‎11．A.up B．forward ‎ C．down D．around 答案：D。要想找到可踩在上面的东西应该是环顾四周，故选D。‎ ‎12．A.for B．with ‎ C．on D．of 答案：B。他希望能幸运地找到一架梯子。with luck为固定搭配，意为“幸运地，有幸”。‎ ‎13．A.After B．Through ‎ C．Without D．Upon 答案：C。句意：没有看见任何可踩的东西，他放弃了，要离开。由句意知选C项。‎ ‎14．A.back B．away ‎ C．up D．down 答案：B。由第13小题的解析知选B项。walk back走回去；walk away走开；walk up向上走；walk down向下走。‎ ‎15．A.wishes B．beliefs ‎ C．efforts D．goals 答案：C。因穷折腾了一阵而饿了，又是那么想摘到苹果，一想起这些，开始的时候他很生气，也很失望。由语境可知只有efforts(努力)符合文意。wish希望；belief信念，信仰；goal目标。‎ ‎16．A.thought B．imagined ‎ C．tried D．claimed 答案：A。他越这样想就越不高兴。think想；imagine想像，设想；try努力，尝试；claim声明，认领。‎ ‎17．A.Therefore B．However ‎ C．Moreover D．Otherwise 答案：B。虽然很生气，但小男孩却作了反思。故事叙述至此进行了转折，此处应填表示转折关系的词，故选B项。therefore因此；however但是；moreover此外，而且；otherwise否则，要不然。‎ ‎18．A.skilful B．cheerful ‎ C．harmful D．helpful 答案：D。俗话说：牛奶撒了，哭也无用。生气是无济于事的。skilful熟练的，技术好的；cheerful兴高采烈的；harmful有害的；helpful 有帮助的。‎ ‎19．A.something B．anything ‎ C．everything D．nothing 答案：D。没有什么方法可以摘到苹果了，这已是不变的事实。不过，我们应该能够改变自己内心的感受(即别去生气了)。由此知选D项。‎ ‎20．A.change B．express ‎ C．forget D．describe 答案：A。由第19题的解析可知选change(改变)。express表达；forget忘记；describe描述。‎ 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）[来源:学§科§网]‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^）。并在其下面写出修改后的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词后划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1．每处错误及修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不记分。‎ ‎ I’m a middle school student name Li Ming. I’m writing to tell you something. Recently I noticed many of my classmates often go to the cyber cafe near our school. I went there too in ‎ the other day. I was surprising to see many students playing computer games, watching films or ‎ chat. Some students were even talking about love affairs online.‎ ‎ On my opinion, cyber cafes should be a place which we can find much useful informations. ‎ The Internet should be a window to the outside world rather than place for games. The Internet ‎ is good if we make good use of it. Otherwise, it will give us great harm. So the local ‎ government should take measure to make sure that students use cyber cafes positively.‎ 参考答案 I’m a middle school student name Li Ming. I’m writing to tell you something. ‎ ‎ 1．named Recently I noticed many of my classmates often go to the cyber cafe near our ‎ school. I went there too in the other day. I was surprising to see many students ‎ ‎ 2,去掉in 3.surprised ‎ playing computer games, watching films or chat. Some students were even ‎ ‎4．chatting talking about love affairs online.‎ ‎5.in ‎ On my opinion, cyber cafes should be a place which we can find much useful ‎ ‎5.in 6.where informations. The Internet should be a window to the outside world rather than ‎ ‎7 information place for games. The Internet is good if we make good use of it. Otherwise, it ‎ ‎8 a‎ place will give us great harm. So the local government should take measure to make ‎ ‎ 9．do 10 measures[来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K]‎ sure that students use cyber cafes positively.‎ ‎********************************************************结束 ‎ Which is safer --- staying at home, traveling to work on public transport, or working at the office? Surprisingly, each of these carries the same risk, which is very low. However, what about flying compared to working in the chemical industry? Unfortunately, the former is 65 times riskier than the latter! In fact the accident rate of workers in the chemical industry is less than that of almost any of human activity, and almost as safe as staying at home. ‎ The trouble with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death to those living nearby. It is this that chemical accidents so newsworthy. Fortunately, they are extremely rare. The most famous ones happened at Texas City (1947), Flixborough (1974), Seveso (1976), Pemex (1984) and Bhopal (1984). ‎ Some of these are always in the minds of the people even though the loss of life was small. No one died at Seveso, and only 28 workers at Flixborough. The worst accident of all was Bhopal, where up to 3,000 were killed. The Texas City explosion of fertilizer killed 552. The Pemex fire at a storage plant for natural gas in the suburbs of Mexico City took 542 lives, just a month before the unfortunate event at Bhopal. ‎ Some experts have discussed these accidents and used each accident to illustrate a particular danger. Thus the Texas City was caused by tons of ammonium nitrate, which is safe unless stored in a great quantity. The Flixborough fireball was the fault of management, which took risks to keep production going during essential repairs. The Seveso accident shows what happens if the local authorities lack knowledge of the danger on their doorstep. When the poisonous gas drifted over the town, local leaders were incapable of taking effective action. The Pemex fire was made worse ‎ by an overloaded site in an overcrowded suburb. The fire set off a chain reaction of exploding storage tanks. Yet, by a miracle, the two largest tanks did not explode. Had these caught fire, then 3,000 strong rescue team and fire fighters would all have died. ‎ ‎9. According to the passage, the chemical accident that caused by the fault of management happened at _________.‎ ‎ A. Texas city B. Flixborough C. Seveso D. Mexico City ‎10. Which of the following statements is TRUE?‎ A. Working at the office is safer than staying at home. ‎ B. Travelling to work on public transport is safer than working at the office. ‎ C. Staying at home is safer than working in the chemical industry. ‎ D. Working in the chemical industry is safer than traveling by air. ‎ ‎11. From the passage we know that ammonium nitrate is a kind of _____. ‎ A. natural gas, which can easily catch fire ‎ B. fertilizer, which can't be stored in a great quantity ‎ C. poisonous substance, which can't be used in overcrowded areas ‎ D. fuel, which is stored in large tanks ‎ ‎12. From the discussion among some experts we may conclude that _____. ‎ A. to avoid any accident we should not repair the facilities in chemical industry ‎ B. the local authorities should not be concerned with the production of the chemical industry ‎ C. all these accidents could have been avoided or controlled if effective measures had been taken ‎ D. natural gas stored in very large tanks is always safe 参考答案 / BDBC ‎****************************************************结束 ‎（B）‎ How often do you travel by plane?‎ How much electricity do you use? These days everyone is worried about the size of their carbon footprint．In order to reduce global warming we need to make our carbon footprints smaller．But how much CO2 are we responsible for?‎ A new book by Mike Berners Lee （a leading expert in carbon footprint） might be able to help．How Bad are Bananas? The Carbon Footprint of Everything looks at the different things we do and buy, and calculates the amount of CO2 all of the following created: the ingredients （=parts of a mixture）, the electricity used in the brewery, the equipment, the travel and commuting （交换） of the beer, and the packaging．It’s amazing how many different things need to be included in each calculation．And it’s frightening how much carbon dioxide everything produces．‎ But all of this can help us decide which beer to drink．From Berners-Lee’s calculations, it’s clear that a pint （568ml） of locally-brewed beer has a smaller carbon footprint than a bottle of imported beer．This is because the imported beer has been transported from far away, and it uses more packaging．The local beer only produces 300g of CO2, but the imported beer produces ‎900g! So, one pint of local beer is better for the environment than three cans of cheap foreign lager （淡啤酒） from the supermarket．‎ Berners-Lee has even calculated the carbon footprint of cycling to work．Nothing is more environmentally-friendly than riding a bike, surely? Well, it depends on what you’ve had to eat before．To ride a bike we need energy and for energy we need food．So if we eat a banana and then ride a kilometer and a half, our footprint is ‎65g of CO2．However, if we eat bacon before the bike ride, it’s ‎200g．In fact, bananas are good in general because they don’t need packaging, they can be transported by boat and they grow in natural sunlight．‎ So, does this mean that cycling is bad for the environment? Absolutely not, for a start, if you cycle, you don’t use your car, and the fewer cars on the road, the fewer traffic jams．And cars in traffic jams produce three times more CO2 than cars traveling at speed．Cycling also makes you healthy and less likely to go to a hospital．And hospitals have very big carbon footprints!‎ So maybe it’s time for us all to start making some changes．Pass me a banana and a pint of local beer, please．‎ ‎5．According to Berners-Lee, which of the following produces the most carbon dioxide？‎ ‎ A．A pint of local beer we drink．‎ ‎ B．A pint of imported beer we drink．‎ ‎ C．A banana we eat before a bike ride． ‎ ‎ D．The bacon we eat before a bike ride．‎ ‎6．Why are bananas good in general?‎ ‎ A．They grow naturally．‎ ‎ B．They produces less CO2．‎ ‎ C．They don’t need packaging．‎ ‎ D．They provide energy for cycling．‎ ‎7．The underlined word “brewery” in Paragraph 3 most probably means “___________”．‎ ‎ A．a factory where beer is made ‎ B．a machine which makes beer[来源:1ZXXK]‎ ‎ C．a container where beer is stored ‎ D．one of the things from which beer is made ‎8．To make our carbon footprints smaller, we should often ___________．‎ ‎ A．cycle to work ‎ B．drink more local beer ‎ C．calculate the amount of CO2 ‎ ‎ D．buy cheap things from the supermarkets[来源:学。科。网]‎ ‎9．What’s the most suitable title for the passage?‎ ‎ A．Bikes, Beer and Bananas ‎ B．Starting to Make Changes ‎ C．How Big Is Your Carbon Footprint?‎ ‎ D．The Carbon Footprint of Everything 参考答案 （B） BBAAC ‎******************************************************结束 阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。‎ A From good reading we can derive pleasure, companionship, experience, and instruction. A good book may absorb our attention so completely that for the time being we forget our surroundings and even our identity. Reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life. It increases our contentment when we are cheerful, and lessens our troubles when we are sad. Whatever may be our main purpose in reading, our contact with good books should never fail to give us enjoyment and satisfaction.‎ With a good book in our hands we need never be lonely. Whether the characters portrayed are ‎ taken from real life or are purely imaginary, they may become our companions and friends. In the pages of books we can walk with the wise and the good of all lands and all times. The people we meet in books may delight us either because they resemble human friends whom we hold dear or because they present unfamiliar types whom we are glad to welcome as new acquaintances. Our human friends sometimes may bore us, but the friends we make in books need never weary us with their company. By turning the page we can dismiss them without any fear of hurting their feelings. When human friends desert us, good books are always ready to give us friendship, sympathy, and encouragement. One of the most valuable gifts bestowed by books is experience. Few of us can travel far from home or have a wide range of experiences, but all of us can lead varied lives through the pages of books. Whether we wish to escape from the seemingly dull realities of everyday life or whether we long to visit some far-off place, a book will help us when nothing else can. To travel by book we need no bank account to pay our way; no airship or ocean liner or stream-lined train to transport us; no passport to enter the land of our heart's desire. Through books we may get the thrill of hazardous adventure without danger. We can climb lofty mountains, brave the perils of an Antarctic winter, or cross the scorching sands of the desert, all without hardship. In books we may visit the studios of Hollywood; we may mingle with the gay throngs of the Paris boulevards; we may join the picturesque peasants in an Alpine village or the kindly natives on a South‎ ‎Sea island. Indeed, through books the whole world is ours for the asking. The possibilities of our literary experiences are almost unlimited. The beauties of nature, the enjoyment of music, the treasures of art, the triumphs of architecture, the marvels of engineering, are all open to the wonder and enjoyment of those who read.‎ ‎1. Why is it that we sometimes forget our surroundings and even our identity while reading?‎ A. No one has come to disturb you.‎ B. Everything is so quiet and calm around you.‎ C. The book you are reading is so interesting and attractive.‎ D. Your book is overdue; you are finishing it at a very fast speed.‎ ‎2. How would you account for the fact that people like their acquaintances in books even more?‎ A. They resemble human friends exactly. B. They are unfamiliar types we like.‎ C. They never desert us. D. They never hurt our feelings.‎ ‎3. Which of the following is true?‎ A. Your wish to visit some far-off place can be realized through the pages of the books.‎ ‎ B. To escape from the dull realities of everyday life you should take up reading.‎ ‎ C. Books can always help you to live a colorful life.‎ ‎ D. You may obtain valuable experience from reading good books.‎ ‎4. The word “weary” means ______.‎ ‎ A. “to attract someone’s attention” B. “to distract someone’s attention”‎ ‎ C. “to make someone very tired” D. “to make someone interested”‎ ‎5. “... the whole world is ours for the asking” implies that ____________.‎ A. in books the world is more accessible to us B. we can ask to go anywhere in the world C. we can make a claim to everything in this world D. we can make a round-the-world trip free of charge ‎[来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K]‎ ‎1‎ ‎2‎ ‎3‎ ‎4‎ ‎5‎ C C]‎ D C A ‎********************************************************结束