四川泸县 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解巩固训练 7页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 四川泸县 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解巩固训练 阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 (2013·西宁市质检一，D) If you feel at present that you don't have enough friends in your life, one reason may be that you have let yourself become too busy to make time for the relationships you already have. Starting and keeping friendship requires effort and commitment. Many of us let our lives become so busy with work and other commitments that we don't get around to scheduling time for pleasure and renewal with the friends, relatives and acquaintances we already have. Making the effort to call your friends more regularly and to accept more of the invitations you receive from others can improve your social life in a hurry! Are there any people you could call right now and be assured of a pleasant welcome? Are there people that you could count on to help you in time of difficulty? Can you have close talks with them? Do you have fun when you are together? Are you happy to have them in your life? If you haven't seen much of them lately, is it because you have become too busy? Have you grown apart? Was there an argument? If the main reason why you haven't been getting together with the people you already know is that you have gotten too busy, take a good look at how you spend your time. Compare it with your real values and priorities in life. Is your busy lifestyle really bringing you the quality of life that you want? If you have become too busy for friends, why has this happened? Are you seeking material toys in your life at the expense of relationships with other human beings? Have you allowed your time to be overcommitted because you never say “No” to anyone? Do you insist on doing things yourself that could be left to others? If so, why? Do you believe that everything depends on you? Examine whether the way you are now spending your time accurately reflects your deepest values and priorities. Make sure that you schedule adequate time for the things that are truly most important to you. If you really want to keep friends in your life, make a space in your schedule, and a space in your heart for them. 文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。你是不是感到生活中缺少朋友？如果是这样，那么也许是因为你忙于 工作而疏远了朋友。交朋友和维持友谊需要努力和承诺，因此，不论工作多么繁忙，都应该留出时间给朋 友。 1．In this passage the author mainly discusses ________. A．how to balance friendship and work B．how to spend our spare time C．whether we should keep friendship 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 D．whether we should invite friends to dinner 答案：A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要就繁忙的工作状态下不要忘了和朋友联系而展开讨论， 讲述了如何去平衡友谊和工作的关系。故 A 项正确。 2．Which of the following doesn't indicate a good relationship? A．You have someone to count on when you are in trouble. B．You have someone to have close talks with. C．You feel depressed with others in life. D．You have fun when you are with someone. 答案：C 细节理解题。根据第三、四段可知，如果你遇到困难时有依靠，有人和你进行亲密交流，你 和别人在一起能得到乐趣，说明你和他人关系良好。由此可知，A、B、D 三项能表明友谊良好。故选 C 项。 3．The reason why you have become too busy for friends may be the following except that ________. A．you spend too much time seeking material toys in your life B．you feel it difficult to keep friendship C．you stick to doing everything all by yourself D．you never refuse whatever other people ask you to do 答案：B 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第二至四句“Are you seeking material toys... Have you allowed your time to be overcommitted because you never say ‘No’ to anyone? Do you insist on doing things yourself that could be left to others？”可排除选项 A、C 和 D。故选 B 项。 4．The best title for the passage may be ________. A．Too busy for Friendship? B．Too busy with work? C．How to Spend Your Time D．How to Make New Friends 答案：A 标题概括题。通过对全文的整体理解可知，文章重点论述了生活中淡忘了朋友可能是自己太 忙的缘故。故 A 项正确。 写人记事（阅读理解）由 (2013 安徽六校教育研究会高三测试)改编 Bea,a five-year-old girl,was born with a severe illness which means she has to be kept away from other children her age,because her body is so weak that she would be unable to fight off a common cold. Bea was diagnosed with this disease when she was five months old.Since then,the hospital has become her second home,medicines for food,and all kinds of treatments her friends.Bea received a very special treatment when she was four years old,which would allow her to be like a normal 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 child if successful.After that,she spent two weeks in ICU before living for four months on a separate ward(病房).Bea was allowed home in February but still needed a special tube in her nose to send in medicine every two days. Her parents clean the house from top to bottom every two days and hoover (用吸尘器清扫) each morning to make sure Bea is free from any possible bacteria.Anna,Bea’s mother,said,“She is weak but so strong.We’ve never seen any child stronger than her.It seems as if nothing in the world could beat her.We really hope to send her to school next year.” She used to drive on the local playground,but Bea was only allowed to watch sitting in the car.“It was heartbreaking to see Bea staring at the running and laughing children there.She never stopped fighting the disease.I know she’s dying for such a normal life.” Hearing of Bea’s story,the Make-A-Wish Foundation has paid for a play park to be built in her back garden.“Bea is very brave and she has encouraged many children like her,” said the chairman of the foundation. 1.If Bea stayed with other children freely, . A.other children would have a higher chance to catch her disease B.she would catch a common cold which would kill her quickly C.her life would be in great danger as she could fall ill easily D.she would be lost in playing and forget to receive treatment 2.From the passage we can infer that . A.Bea will need a tube in her nose all the time B.Bea has to stay in hospital until she is an adult C.Bea’s parents will send her to school next year D.Bea’s mother feels proud when talking about her 3.The Make-A-Wish Foundation had a play park built for Bea to . A.honor her bravery in fighting against her disease B.call for attention to this immune system deficiency C.encourage more children like Bea to be optimistic D.launch a campaign against this serious disease 4.What makes Bea so brave to fight against this serious disease?( ) A.Her parents’ encouragement and care. B.Her dreaming of owning a play park. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 C.Her wish to become a normal child. D.Her doctor’s skills and experience. 语篇解读:一个生来就病魔缠身的女孩,用自己坚强的意志和对正常生活的渴望勇敢地同疾病作斗争, 最终她的勇敢激励了很多孩子,并感染了她的父母和很多爱心人士,为自己赢得了一个可以在里面玩耍的花 园。 答案及剖析:1.C 细节理解题。由第一段的内容可知,Bea 因为身体太虚弱,连普通的感冒都没有抵抗力, 因此,如果和同龄的孩子们一块玩,一旦染上疾病就会面临生命危险,故选 C 项。 2.D 推理判断题。由第三段 Bea 的妈妈说的话 She is weak but so strong.We’ve never seen any child stronger than her.It seems as if nothing in the world could beat her.可知,她的妈妈为女儿的坚 强而自豪,故选 D 项。由第二段的最后一句话可知,Bea 出院后鼻子里需要插管子送药,但没说一直插着,故排 除 A 项;由第二段的...Bea was allowed home in February...可排除 B 项;由第三段的 We really hope to send her to school next year 可排除 C 项。 3.A 推理判断题。由最后一段可知,Bea 勇敢和疾病抗争的精神鼓励了很多孩子,The Make-A-Wish Foundation 为了向她的勇敢表示敬意而为她建造了供她玩的花园,故选 A 项。 4.C 细节理解题。由倒数第二段的 She never stopped fighting the disease.I know she’s dying for such a normal life 可知 C 项正确。 【疑难词汇解读】 1.be diagnosed with 被诊断有……病 To his sorrow,he was diagnosed with cancer last week. 令他悲伤的是,上一周他被诊断得了癌症。 2.heartbreaking adj. 令人心碎的,悲伤的 There is a heartbreaking news report about starving children. 有一则关于饥饿儿童的令人心碎的新闻报导。 【长难句子分析】 Bea,一个五岁的女孩,天生就患有一种严重的疾病,这就意味着她必须远离和她同龄的孩子们,因为她 的身体太虚弱了连普通感冒也抗不过去。 2016 高考英语阅读理解（科普类说明文）（4）解析版 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 【2015·广东】C Daniel Anderson, a famous psychologist, believes it’s important to distinguish television’s influences on children from those of the family. We tend to blame TV, he says, for problems it doesn’t really cause, overlooking our own roles in shaping children’s minds. One traditional belief about television is that it reduces a child’s ability to think and to understand the world. While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images (影像). Instead, they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see. Actually, children learn early the psychology of characters in TV shows. Furthermore, as many teachers agree, children understand far more when parents watch TV with them, explaining new words and ideas. Yet, most parents use an educational program as a chance to park their kids in front of the set and do something in another room. Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment. But according to Anderson, the amount of time spent watching television is not related to reading ability. TV doesn’t take the place of reading for most children; it takes the place of similar sorts of recreation, such as listening to the radio and playing sports. Things like parents’ educational background have a stronger influence on a child’s reading. “A child’s reading ability is best predicted by how much a parent reads.” Anderson says. Traditional wisdom also has it that heavy television-watching lowers IQ (智商) scores and affects school performance. But here, too, Anderson notes that no studies have proved it. In fact, research suggests that it’s the other way around. “If you’re smart young, you’ll watch less TV when you’re older,” Anderson says. Yet, people of lower IQ tend to be lifelong television viewers. For years researchers have attempted to show that television is dangerous to children. However, by showing that television promotes none of the dangerous effects as conventionally believed, Anderson suggests that television cannot be condemned without considering other influences. 36. By watching TV, children learn _________. A. images through words B. more than explicit meanings C. more about images than words D. little about people’s psychology 37. An educational program is best watched by a child _________. A. on his own 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 B. with other kids C. with his parents D. with his teachers 38. Which of the following is most related to children’s reading ability? A. Radio-listening B. Television-watching C. Parents’ reading list D. Parents’ educational background 39. Anderson believed that _________. A. the more a child watches TV, the smarter he is B. the younger a child is, the more he watches TV C. the smarter a child is, the less likely he gets addicted to TV D. the less a child watches TV, the better he performs at school 40. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To advise on the educational use of TV. B. To describe TV’s harmful effects on children. C. To explain traditional views on TV influences. D. To present Anderson’s unconventional ideas. 38. D 细节理解题。根据第三段的 Things like parents’ educational background have a stronger influence on a child’s reading.可知父母的教育背景对孩子的阅读有很强的影响。故选 D。 39. C 细节理解题。根据第四段的“If you’re smart young, you’ll watch less TV when you’re older” 可知如果你小时越聪明，长大看电视看得越来越少。故选 C。 40. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段的 Anderson suggests that television cannot condemned without 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 considering other influences.“Anderson 认为不应该按照常规，不考虑电视的其他影响而去谴责电视”故 推断这篇文章的目的是呈现 Anderson 打破常规的想法，故选 D。 【考点定位】教育类短文阅读。 【名师点睛】本文侧重考查学生的细节理解能力。问题设置巧妙，根据题干要求，学生自己阅读，就能在文 中找到答案。尤其第 40 题，充分考查了学生的语篇理解能力。同时，这篇短文提出的一种与常规不一样的看 法，看电视对孩子是有好处的。