2021届高三高考英语一轮复习语法专练 专题09 动词时态和语态专练（二）（解析版） 7页

第 1 页 共 7 页 2021 高考英语一轮复习语法考点动词时态和语态专练（二） 解析版 一、基础达标测试（本题共 20 小题，每题 1 分，共 20 分） 1.When I came across that poster, a good idea suddenly ________ (occur) to me. 【答案】occurred 【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：当我偶然看到那张海报时，我突然想到一个好主意。从句的谓语 动词 came across 用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词 occur 也要用一般过去时，故填 occurred. 2.When the dog attacked him, he __________(defence) himself from attack with a stick. 【答案】defended 【解析】考查时态。句意：当狗攻击他时，他用棍子自卫。根据 When the dog attacked him 可知叙述的是过 去发生的事情，故应用一般过去时；defend...from..表示“防卫……以免于……”，固定短语。故填 defended. 3.Nature has provided Shangri-la with endless natural treasures, which ________ (make) the land a happy home for the local people. 【答案】makes 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：大自然为香格里拉提供了无尽的自然宝藏，使这片土地成为当 地人的幸福家园。分析句子结构可知，设空处是定语从句的谓语部分；从句所述为客观事实，故应用 一般现在时；which 指代的是前面所述的事实，故谓语动词应用三单形式。故填 makes. 4.It used to be a remote town set in a valley where a stream ______ (wind) its way through the cottages. 【答案】wound 【解析】句意：那曾是一个遥远的小镇，坐落在山谷里，山谷中一条小溪蜿蜒流过村舍。根据主句的 谓语动词 used to 可知，定语从句中的动词 wind“蜿蜒”也应用过去式。故填 wound. 5.Yesterday I went shopping, __________(buy) some books and had dinner at a good restaurant. 【答案】bought 【解析】考查动词一般过去时。句意：昨天我去购物，买了些书，在一家不错的餐馆吃了晚饭。句子 中有 yesterday，用一般过去时，和 went、had 是并列谓语，故填 bought. 6.It is almost five years since Jimmy taught high school students and he ______(serve) as an interpreter in a foreign enterprise. 第 2 页 共 7 页 【答案】is serving 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：从吉米教高中到现在已经快五年了，他现在正在一家外国企业 担任翻译。主语是 he，谓语用单数，描述现在正在发生的动作用现在进行时，故填 is serving. 7.Hurry up! By the time we get to the assembly hall, the meeting ________ (start). 【答案】will have started 【解析】考查将来完成时。根据 By the time 可知，主句用完成时；By the time 引导时间状语从句，从 句中用一般现在时表将来，因此空格处为将来完成时，即“will have+过去分词”，start 的过去分词为 started，故填 will have started. 8.Only when the war was over in 1918 ________ (be) he able to get happily back to work. 【答案】was 【解析】考查时态、倒装和主谓一致。句意：直到 1918 年战争结束，他才能愉快地回到工作岗位。 only+状语或状语从句置于句首，句子用部分倒装，结合句意，本句是一般过去时，主语是 he，故用 was，故填 was. 9.After Sang Lan fell to the gymnastics mat with a broken neck, she __________ (rush) to a top hospital in New York. 【答案】was rushed 【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据句子结构分析可知，本空是复合句中主句的谓语部分，根据 前面的时间状语从句可知，时态是一般过去时，rush sb to a hospital 匆忙送某人去医院，动词 rush 和主 语 she 是动宾关系，谓语要用被动语态，主语 she，是单数，谓语用单数形式，故填 was rushed. 10.The pretty girl passing by ____________(catch ) the eye of all the people standing there. 【答案】caught​ 【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：那个经过的漂亮女孩吸引了站在那里的所有人的目光。分析句子结 构可知，此空应填谓语动词；根据句意，用一般过去时，catch 的过去式为 caught.故填 caught . 11.Meanwhile, we can't neglect the fact that it must ________ (operate) with a phone and a network. 【答案】be operated 【解析】考查情态动词的被动语态。句意：同时，我们不能忽视它必须通过电话和网络来操作的事实。 根据句意，主语 it 与动词 operate 之间是被动关系，且设空处前有情态动词 must，需用情态动词的被动 语态 must be done 的形式。operate 操作，动词原形；operated 过去分词。故填 be operated. 12.He is the only one of the citizens who ________ (kill) by COVID-19 in our city so far. 第 3 页 共 7 页 【答案】has been killed 【解析】由从句的时间状语 so far 和空后 by COVID-19 可知，空处定语从句的谓语动词需用现在完成 时的被动语态：has/have been done，因为先行词被 the only 修饰，所以空处助动词需用 has.故填 has been killed. 13.Each working day, The Daily is ____________(update) on the website every hour, unless otherwise indicated. 【答案】updated 【解析】考查动词。句意：除另有注明外，该日报于每个工作天每小时更新一次。结合句意本句是被 动语态，此处应用 update 的过去分词 updated，故填 updated. 13.Shakespeare's play Hamlet ________ (make) into at least ten different films over the past years. 【答案】has been made 【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。over the past years 在过去几年中，常与现在完成时连用；Hamlet 与 make 之间是动宾关系，应该用被动语态，综合用现在完成时的被动形式 have/has been done.因 Hamlet 作主语，故用 has.故填 has been made. 14.The rest of the books ________ (return) to the library the other day. 【答案】were returned 【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：其余的书前几天还回了图书馆。根据后面的时间状语 the other day 可知，本句是一般过去时；books 和 return 之间是被动关系，所以本句是一般过去时的被动 语态，主语是 books，谓语动词用复数。故填 were returned. 15.During the outbreak of novel coronavirus, all the people were__________(forbid) to go out. 【答案】forbidden 【解析】考查一般过去时态的被动语态。根据句子结构可知，主语 all the people 与 forbid 是被动关系， 此句使用一般过去时态的被动语态。一般过去时态的被动语态的构成是 was/were+动词过去分词。 forbid 禁止，动词原形，过去分词是 forbidden.故填 forbidden. 16..Every boy and every girl in that school __________(invite) to attend a lecture on how to improve English yesterday. 【答案】was invited 【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：昨天那个学校的每个男孩和女孩都被邀请去听一个关于 如何提高英语的讲座。根据时间状语 yesterday 可知，本句要用一般过去时；主语 Every boy and every girl 第 4 页 共 7 页 和谓语动词 invite 是逻辑上的被动关系，因此要用一般过去时的被动语态；“every+名词+and+every+名 词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数，因此 be 动词要用 was。故填 was invited. 17.It ________ (acknowledge) that wealth doesn’t necessarily mean happiness. 【答案】is acknowledged 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：众所周知，财富并不一定意味着幸福。It's acknowledged+that 从句，是固定 句型，其中 acknowledged 是过去分词，it 是形式主语，that 引导的从句是主语从句，与 acknowledge 是被动关系，根据 that 后面的从句 that wealth doesn't necessarily mean happiness.的时态，此处应用应用 过去分词与 is 构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填 is acknowledged. 18..We ________ (stick) in traffic for over an hour. 【答案】were stuck 【解析】考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：我们遇上堵车，堵了一个多小时。we 和 stick 之间是被动关 系，应用被动语态；主语是复数，谓语用复数；描述过去的事实用一般过去时。故填 were stuck. 19.You will not _________ (permit) to enter the building without the correct password. 【答案】be permitted 【解析】句意：没有正确的密码，你是不允许进入这座大楼的。根据句意可知，这里的主语和谓语之 间是被动关系，需用被动语态，又因为情态动词后面需要接动词原形，故填 be permitted. 20.The baby's parents were killed in the accident and he ____________(adopt) by an old man. 【答案】was adopted 【解析】考查时态语态及主谓一致。句意：这个婴儿的父母在事故中丧生，他被一位老人收养了。本 句描述的是过去发生的一件事，故用一般过去时；根据句意他是被收养，应用被动语态，并且主语是 第三人称单数，故填 was adopted. 二、真题实战演练（本题共 10 小题，每题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 1. (2019·高考全国卷 II )Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene ______(declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. 【答案】declared 【解析】考查谓语动词时态。根据后文 had 以及 said 可知用一般过去时态，故填 declared. 2. (2019·高考全国卷 III ) Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ______(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. 【答案】recommended 第 5 页 共 7 页 【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃 饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填 recommended. 3. (2019·高考浙江卷 ) One study in America found that students' grades ______ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. 【答案】improved 【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：美国的一项研究发现，在学校引入校服后，学生的成绩有所提高。 本句是 after 引导的时间状语从句，前后时态保持一致，从句使用了一般过去式，主句用一般过去式。 故填 improved. 4. (2018·高考全国卷 III ) True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal (mean) me no real harm. 【答案】meant 【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意:大猩猩确实有不好斗的本性,那只巨大的动物并不是真的要伤害我。 根据上下文可知,本空用一般过去时,故填 meant. 5. (2017·高考全国卷 I ) When fat and salt (remove)from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something 【答案】are removed 【解析】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:脂肪和盐分从食物中去除后,食物尝起来就好像缺 失了什么东西。结合语境可知,状语从句中用一般现在时态,fat and salt 作主语,与 remove 之间为被动关 系,故用被动语态,谓语动词用复数，故填 are removed. 6. (2017·高考全国卷 III ) Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school (come) first. 【答案】comes 【解析】考查动词时态。由上下文语境以及时间状语 at the moment 可知,此处应该为一般现在时态,主语 为第三人称单数,故填 comes. 7.(2016·高考四川卷)The giant panda (love) by people throughout the world. 【答案】is loved 【解析】考查谓语动词时态语态。句意：大熊猫被全世界的人们所喜爱，熊猫和喜爱是被动关系，这 是事实，故要使用一般现在时. 故填 is loved. 第 6 页 共 7 页 8.(2015·高考全国卷 I) It was raining lightly when I (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. 【答案】arrived 【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：就在天亮之前我到了阳朔，天下着小雨。根据前后句时态可知用 一般过去时。故填 arrived. 9.(2015·高考全国卷 II) This cycle (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset (抵消) for the outside temperatures. 【答案】goes 【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。结合上下文语境可知，该句是对这种自行车的介绍，故要用一般现在 时．且主语为 this bicycle（第三人称单数），根据主谓一致原则，该空要填 goes. 10. (2015·高考福建卷) Sometimes we have disagreements with people. When this (happen), the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument. 【答案】happens 【解析】考查谓语动词时态。happen 意思是发生，前面的 this 代指前一句中的和别人发生分歧。因为 该句是一般现在时，而且主语是 this 所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数。该句意思为：当这种情况发 生了，重要的事情就是不要让一场平静的讨论变成热力的争论。故填 happens. 三、时态语态专项综合训练（本题共 10 小题，每题 1.5 分，共 15 分） A university graduate described as a “respectable and intelligent” woman 1 (seek) professional help after being convicted of (证明有……罪) shoplifting for the second time in six months.Aha Luz, recently studying for PhD 2 (tell) she would end up behind bars unless she can control the desire to steal from shops.Luz, who 3 (live) with her partner in Fitzwdliam Road, Cambridge, and 4 (admit) stealing clothes worth 9.95 pounds from Lewis in Oxford Street，London，on March 9.Philip Lomoyne, prosecuting (起诉), said Luz 5 (select) some clothes from a display and 6 (take) them to the ladies' toilet in the store.When she came out again she 7 (wear) one of the skirts she 8 (select), having taken off the anti-theft security alarm. She 9 (stop) and caught after leaving the store without paying, Mr Lomoyne said.He added that she was upset on her arrest and 10 (apologize) for her actions. 1. 【答案】is seeking 【解析】考查谓语动词时态和主谓一致。句意：一名大学毕业生被描述为一名“可敬和聪明”的女性， 六个月内两次被定罪为商店行窃，目前她正在寻求专业帮助。根据具体语境，此处谓语动词用现 在进行时。故填 is seeking. 2. 【答案】has been told 【解析】考查谓语动词时态和语态。句意：最近在攻读博士学位的阿哈·卢兹(AhaLuz)被告知除非 第 7 页 共 7 页 她能控制从商店偷东西的欲望，否则她将被关进监狱。时间状语 recently 出现在句中通常用现在完 成时，tell 与主语存在逻辑的动宾关系，所以用被动，综上所述，此处的谓语动词为现在完成时的 被动式。故填 has been told. 3. 【答案】lives 【解析】考查谓语动词时态和主谓一致。句意：Luz 与她的伴侣在剑桥菲茨沃德利亚姆路住在一起。 联系语境，用一般现在时，并且主语是第三人称单数，故填 lives. 4. 【答案】admitted 【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：3 月 9 日 Luz 承认从伦敦牛津街的 Lewis 偷了价值 9.95 英镑 的衣服。时间状语 on March 9，表明谓语动词发生在过去，故填 admitted. 5. 【答案】selected 【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：起诉人 PhilipLomoyne 说，Luz 选择了一些衣服，并把它们 带到了商店的女厕所。根据此处的语境，谓语动词发生在过去，故填 selected. 6. 【答案】took 【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：同上，谓语依然发生在过去，需要填写过去式，故填 took. 7. 【答案】was wearing 【解析】考查谓语动词时态和主谓一致。句意：当她再次出来时，她穿了一条裙子。根据此处具体 语境，应该是过去进行时。故填 was wearing. 8. 【答案】had selected 【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：当她再次出来时，她穿了一条之前她选择的裙子。定语从句 “她选择的裙子”动作发生在谓语动词穿裙子之前，表达的是“过去的过去”，故填 had selected. 9. 【答案】was stopped 【解析】考查谓语动词时态和语态。句意：她离开商店后没有付钱，被阻止并且被抓住。stop 与主语 she 是被动关系，并且动作的事件发生在过去，需要用一般过去时的被动语态。故填 was stopped. 10. 【答案】apologized 【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：他补充说，她对被捕感到不安，并为她的行为道歉。通篇情 节发生在过去，故谓语动词用过去式。故填 apologized. .