2019版一轮复习英语译林版必修二Unit2Wishyouwerehere单元学案设计（48页） 57页

2019 版一轮复习英语译林版必修二 Unit2Wish you were here 单 元学案设计 　 旅游与交通之(一)——冒险之旅 [一积词汇见多识广]　 [课内单词回扣] (一)阅读词汇写其义 1．adventure n．冒险；冒险经历　　　2.extraordinary adj.不同寻 常的 3．destination n．目的地 4.brilliant adj.明亮的；鲜艳的 5．altogether adv.总共 6.rough adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；大概的 7．atmosphere n．空气；大气层 8.afterwards adv.后来，然后 9．desert n．沙漠 vt.抛弃，舍弃 10.classic adj.经典的 n．经典 作品 11．surrounding adj.周围的，附近的 12.mild adj.平和的，温和 的；温暖的 (二)表达词汇写其形 1．supply n．& vt.提供，供给，补给 2.advance n．前进；预先 vi.前进；进步 3．flight n．航班；空中航行 4.photograph n．照片 5．schedule n．& vt.计划 6.view vt.观看；看待 n．景色；观点 7．forever adv.永远地 8.spot n．地点，场所 9．publish vt.出版；发表 10.harmony n．和谐，协调，融洽 11．officially adv.官方地，正式地 12.explore vi.&vt.探索；勘探 (三)拓展词汇灵活用 *1.arrange vt.& vi.安排→arrangement n．安排，布置 *2.uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；不自在的→comfortable adj.舒服 的→comfort v．& n．安慰 　3.protection n．保护→protect v．保护→protective adj.防护的 *4.defence n．防御；保护→defend vt.保护，保卫 　5.scare vt.使恐惧，惊吓→scary adj.使人惊恐的，吓人的→scared adj.惊慌的，吓坏的 *6.tiring adj.让人疲劳的，累人的→tire v．使疲劳→tired adj.(人) 疲劳的；困倦的→tiredness n．疲劳；困倦 　7.announce vt.宣布，宣称→announcement n．通告，宣布，声 明 *8.reflect vt.反射(声、光、热等)；反映→reflection n．反映，反 射 用上面加*号的单词的适当形式填空 1. These new shoes are uncomfortable though they are designed for comfort,_so I'd like to change them to live a comfortable life. 2．In time of war, lots of money will be spent on defence and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being attacked. 3．It's arranged that the meeting will be held on July 5th, so we must make an arrangement for everything before July 4th. 4．The tiring work makes Jack very tired,_and he is getting thinner and thinner. 5．I carried the small lantern and walked around the river.The light was reflected in the river.The reflection looked so beautiful. [话题单词积累] 1．tourist /'tʊərɪst/ n．　　　 旅行者，观光者 2．guide /gaɪd/ n. 向导，导游 3．agent /'eɪdʒənt/ n. 代理人，经纪人 4．baggage /'bægɪdʒ/＝luggage /'lʌgɪdʒ/ n. 行李 5．insurance /ɪn'ʃʊərəns/ n. 保险 6．pack /pæk/ n. 包，捆 vt. 打包 7．customs /'kʌstəmz/ n. 海关，关税 8．passport /'pɑːspɔːt/ n. 护照 9．visa /'viːzə/ n. 签证 10．accommodation /əˌkɒmə'deɪʃn/ n. 住宿 11．tour /tʊə(r)/ n. 参观，观光，旅行 12．scenery /'siːnəri/ n. 风景，景色，风光 13．attractive /ə'træktɪv/ adj. 迷人的， 有吸引力的 14．crowded /'kraʊdɪd/ adj. 拥挤的 15．vehicle /'viːəkl/ n. 交通工具，车辆 16．subway /'sʌbweɪ/ n. 地铁 17．aeroplane /'eərəpleɪn/ n. (英)飞机 18．harbor /'hɑːbə/ n. 港口，码头 19．passenger /'pæsɪndʒə/ n. 乘客，旅客 20．pedestrian /pɪ'destrɪən/ n. 步行者，行人 21．pilot /'paɪlət/ n. 飞行员 22．stewardess /'stjuːədɪs/n. 女乘务员，空姐 23．conductor /kən'dʌktə/ n. 列车员 24．airport /'eəpɔːt/ n. 飞机场 25．canal /kə'næl/ n. 运河 26．block /blɒk/ vt. 阻塞；阻挡 27．delay /dɪ'leɪ/ vi.& n. 拖延，延误，延迟， 延期；耽搁 28．prefer /prɪ'fɜː/ vt. 更喜欢 [二积短语顿挫抑扬]　 [课内短语回扣] (一)根据汉语写出下列短语 *1.in_case 万一；以防万一　 　*2.in_advance 提前，预先 *3.up_close 靠近地 　4.be_busy__(in)__doing_sth.忙于做某事 　5.make_sure 确保，务必；确定 *6.look_forward_to 盼望 *7.tower_over 高耸，屹立 *8.at_a_loss 不知所措 　9.be_home_to 是……的家园 *10.in_harmony_with 与……协 调一致 (二)用上面加*号的短语完成下列句子 1．I guess we've already talked about this but I'll ask you again just in_case. 2．You may book in_advance if you want to eat at CHISWICK. 3．The old woman wished that she could watch the play up_close. 4．It only took Catherine three days before she found herself to be in_harmony_with her new co­workers. 5．The driver was at_a_loss when word came that he was forbidden to drive for speeding. 6．We all look_forward_to the day when the scientists can discover more secrets of the universe. 7．The Himalayas tower_over the land in the west of China. [话题短语积累] 1．travel agency 　旅行社 2．book a room 预订房间 3．self­driving travel 自驾游 4．a summer resort 避暑胜地 5．a place of interest 名胜 6．be struck by 被……迷住 7．be open to ... 向……开放 8．be free to ... 对……免费 9．tourist attraction 旅游景点 10．take off 起飞 11．economic class 经济舱 12．traffic accident 交通事故 13．be/get stuck in 被困在 14．avoid traffic jams 避免交通堵塞 15．obey/observe traffic regulations 遵守交通规则 16．be fond of 喜爱；喜欢 17．care about 关心；忧虑；惦念 [三积句式写作扮靓]　 [课内句式仿写] 1．before 引导时间状语从句 [例句]　Colin and I plan to spend a few weeks travelling before he goes to university. [仿写]　我知道， 过不了多久你们就要回国了。(2016·天津高考 满分作文) I know it won't_be_long_before you return home. 2．whatever 引导名词性从句 [例句]　We'll live with the local people in their villages, and eat and drink whatever they do, including cow's blood! [仿写]　我们的历史老师将作为我们的向导，他将告诉我们我们 想知道的任何知识。(2017·6 月浙江高考满分作文) Our history teacher will serve as our guide, who is expected to tell us whatever_we_want_to_know. 3．be about to do ...when ... “正要做……这时……” [例句]　Colin was about to get off the camel when a child ran towards him. [仿写]　我们正要离开这时一个老人问我们是哪个学校的。 (2016·北京高考写作佳句) We were_about_to_leave_when an old man asked us which school we were in. [话题佳句背诵] 1 ． As is known to us all, Mount Huashan is famous for its breathtaking cliffs and its unique characteristics. 正如大家所知道的，华山以它险峻的悬崖和它独一无二的特征而 出名。 2．Toronto has some top tourist attractions, which attract millions of visitors every year. 多伦多有一些顶级的旅游景点，每年吸引数百万游客。 3．People prefer to choose high­speed trains because they move very fast, thus shortening the travelling time. 人们更喜欢选择高速列车，因为它们行驶速度非常快，从而缩短 了旅行时间。 4．With people's living standard raised in recent years, they tend to choose travelling in their spare time. 近几年，随着人们生活水平的提高，他们倾向于在空闲时间旅游。 [四背语段语感流畅]　 Dear Mr. Smith， I'm Li Hua, a tourist guide for you. I'm very excited because this is the first time I have served a foreigner. The schedule and details are as follows. The time for the trip is 8 o'clock next Saturday. And I'll be waiting for you in advance at the school gate. Remember to take an umbrella in case it rains. A camera is needed for taking photographs. Also, make sure to wear a pair of sports shoes. Looking forward to seeing you. I believe you'll be struck by the scenery there. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 亲爱的史密斯先生： 我叫李华，你的导游。我非常兴奋，因为这是第一次我为一个外 国游客服务。时间表和详细情况如下。 旅行的时间是下周六八点。我会提前在学校门口等你。记得带把 伞以防下雨。你需要带一个相机拍照片。此外，一定要穿上一双运动 鞋。 期待看到你。我相信你会被那里的风景所打动。 谨启， 李华 [第一板块　重点词汇突破]　 [师生共研词汇] 1．arrange vt.& vi.安排 vt.筹备；整理 　[教材原句]　I've been quite busy arranging my holiday with my older brother, Colin. 我一直忙着和哥哥科林安排我的假期。 (1)arrange for sb. to do sth.　　安排某人做某事 arrange sth. for sb. 为某人安排好某事 arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 arrange with sb. to do sth. 与某人商定做某事 (2)arrangement n. 安排；整理；准备；约定 make arrangements for 为……做安排 make arrangements with sb. 与某人商定约好 ①I've arranged for a teacher to help your son with his English. 我已安排了一位老师来帮助你儿子学习英语。 ②The President had arranged to_join (join) a picnic party. 总统还曾准备参加一个野餐聚会。 ③ With the 13th National Games approaching, we are all busy_making_good arrangements for_them. (2017·天津高考满分作文) 随着十三届全运会的临近，我们都忙于为全运会作出精心的安排。 [名师点津]　“安排某人做某事”不能用 arrange sb. to do sth.，而 应用 arrange for sb. to do sth.结构。 2．advance n．前进；预先；进展 vi.前进；进步 vt.提出；促进； 使向前移动 adj.事先的，预先的，预定的 　[高考佳句]　He would call in advance to make sure there was no alcohol at the party.(2017·天津高考阅读表达) 他会提前打电话确认聚会上没有酒。 (1)in advance＝ahead of time　提前，预先 in advance of 在……前面，超过 make advances 取得进步 (2)advanced adj. 高级的；先进的；高等的 (3)advance on/upon/towards 朝……前进 ①To catch the early flight, we ordered a taxi in_advance and got up very early. 为了赶上早班飞机，我们提前订了一辆出租车，并且起得很早。 ② Galileo's ideas were well in_advance_of the age in which he lived. 伽利略的思想远远超越了他所生活的时代。 ③By the age of 14, the boy had learnt advanced (advance) maths by himself. 到 14 岁时，这个男孩已自学了高等数学。 3．supply n．[C]供应量，供给量；(多用复数形式)日用必需品； [U]供应，供给，补给 vt.提供，供给，补给 　[教材原句]　Since we'll be walking for almost two weeks, I'll need to buy a large backpack in advance to carry my supplies of food and water. 因为我们要步行大约两周，所以我需要预先买一个大的背包来装 食物和水等必需品。 (1)supply sth. to sb. ＝supply sb. with sth.　　　向某人提供某物 (2)be in short supply 短缺 a supply of 一批，很多 ①Mum or dad, of course, provides a_regular_supply_of pocket money, but uncles and aunts are always a source of extra income.(2018·淄博模拟) 当然，爸爸或妈妈定期地给零花钱，但是叔叔和阿姨总是额外收 入的来源。 ②After the war broke out, food was_in_short_supply all over the country. 战争爆发后，全国食物普遍供应不足。 ③The actor has supplied plenty of money to the disaster area. ＝The actor has supplied the disaster area with plenty of money. 那位演员已经向灾区捐了钱。 [联想发散]　表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有： ①provide sb. with sth.＝ provide sth. for sb. ②offer sb. sth.＝offer sth. to sb. 4．scare vt.使恐惧，惊吓 vi.受惊吓 n．[C]恐慌 　[教材原句]　Our guides will have guns with them for defence — they can use the guns to scare the animals away if they come too near. 为了防卫，我们的导游都随身带枪——如果动物靠我们太近，导 游就可以用枪把它们吓跑。 (1)scare ... away/off　　　　　把……吓跑 scare sb. into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事 scare sb. out of doing sth. 恐吓某人不做某事 (2)scared adj. 惊慌的，吓坏的 be scared of (doing) sth. 害怕(做)某事 be scared to do sth. 害怕去做某事 be scared to death 吓得要死 ①It was the high price that scared_possible_buyers_away. 昂贵的价格把想买东西的顾客吓跑了。 ②His threats scared_them_out_of carrying out the plan. 他的威胁迫使他们不敢实行该计划。 ③ Seeing the terrible flood, the woman doctor was scared to_take (take) the small boat. 看到可怕的洪水，那位女医生不敢乘坐小船。 5．schedule n．计划，日程表，时间表，进度表 vt.把……列入计划(时间)表；预定，安排 　[教材原句]　As you can see, my schedule for June is full and I cannot manage a trip to London. 如你所看到的，我 6 月份的日程很满，不能安排去伦敦旅行。 (1)ahead of schedule　　　　　提前 on schedule 准时 behind schedule 晚于预定时间(或计划) according to schedule 按照时间表/预定计划 (2)be scheduled to do sth. 预定做某事 ①It's cheerful that the new bridge has been finished two months ahead_of_schedule. 新桥提前两个月完成是令人高兴的事。 ②The trip is scheduled to_start (start) on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan ... (2017·全国卷Ⅲ完形) 这次旅行计划于 12 月 21 日在纽约开始，并继续前往米兰…… ③To their regret, the project will be completed several weeks behind schedule.(2018·南京模拟) 令他们遗憾的是，这个项目将比计划推迟几个星期完成。 6．view vt.观看；看待 n.景色，风景；观点，观念，看法；视野 　 [ 教 材 原 句 ] 　 Take a night train to Fenghuang to view a traditional way of life. 乘晚上的火车去凤凰山看传统的生活方式。 [一词多义]　写出句中 view 的含义 ①Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view.(2017·天津高考阅读) 风景 ②When the old man opened the window, a stranger with a high hat came into view.视野 ③Other countries like North Korea and South Korea have their own unique views on beauty.观念，看法 ④I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was released.观看 (1)come into view　　　　　　　进入视野，出现在眼前 in view 在视野中 in one's view 在某人看来 in view of 鉴于；考虑到 (2)view/consider ...as ... 把……视为…… ⑤The lake came_into_view_as we turned the corner. 我们转过弯，那个湖就映入眼帘。 ⑥In_my_view,_we should avoid violent behavior. 在我看来，我们应该避免暴力行为。 ⑦In_view_of_these factors, you'd better finish your teaching tasks ahead of time. 鉴于这些因素，你们最好提前完成教学任务。 7．bury vt.埋葬；埋藏；遮盖；使专心 　[教材原句]　Take a bus to Qufu, where Confucius was buried. 乘坐公共汽车去曲阜，那里葬着孔子。 bury sth. in ...　　　　　　　　把……埋在…… be buried in ＝ bury oneself in 埋头于，专心于 ①Once he buried_himself_in something, he would close his ears to anything. 一旦他专心于某事，就会对别的事置之不理，充耳不闻。 ②Buried_in_his_study,_he wasn't aware that all the others had left. 他专心学习，没有意识到其他人都早已离开了。 8．announce vt.宣布，宣称 　 [ 教 材 原 句 ] 　 In September 1997, the government of Yunnan Province announced that Zhongdian was the Shangri­la of Hilton's story. 1997 年 9 月，云南省人民政府宣称，中甸就是希尔顿小说中描 述的香格里拉。 (1)announce sth. to sb.＝announce to sb. sth.　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　向……宣布…… it is/was announced that ... 据宣布…… (2)announcement n. 宣布，声明 make an announcement 发布宣告或通知 ① She announced_to_us that his son had been admitted to Beijing University. (2018·苏州模拟) 她通知我们她的儿子被北京大学录取了。 ② It_is_announced_that he is to take charge of the company next month. 据宣布他下个月将掌管这家公司。 ③ Attention, please. I have an announcement (announce) to make. 大家请注意。我要宣布一个通知。 9．reflect vt.反射(声、光、热等)；反映；映出(影像)；表明；思 考 vi.仔细思考，反省 　[教材原句]　Below the mountains, the sunshine reflects on the many lakes, making them shine like diamonds against the rich countryside. 山脚下，阳光映在湖面上，在富饶的乡村的衬托下使得它们像钻 石一样闪闪发光。 [一词多义]　写出句中 reflect 的含义 ①She needs time to reflect on your suggestion. 仔细思考 ②His face was reflected in the mirror. 映出(影像) ③A person's self­concept is reflected in the way he or she behaves.(2018·昆明模拟)反映 ④The glass appears to reflect light naturally.反射 (1)reflect ...in ...　　　　　在……中映出……的影像 be reflected in 倒映在；反映在 reflect on/upon sth. 认真思考/反省某事 (2)reflection n. 反射；反照；反映；映像 on reflection 经再三考虑，仔细考虑 ⑤While washing, her face was_reflected_in the basin of water. 当洗刷的时候，她的脸映照在水盆里。 ⑥Sunlight reflection (reflect) may relieve global warming. (2017·江 苏高考阅读) 阳光反射可减轻全球变暖。 [自主练通词汇] 1．spot n．地点，场所；污点，斑点 vt.发现；认出 　写出句中 spot 的词性及含义/单句语法填空 ①Luckily, I spotted her at once in the crowd. vt.认出 ②There was a big spot on my trousers. n．污点 ③I can still remember the spot where we went camping last summer. n．地点，场所 ④The police were on the spot within a few minutes of my telephone call. 2．harmony n．和谐，协调，融洽 　完成句子 ①I believe it is possible for different ethnic groups to live together in_harmony. 我相信不同民族融洽地生活在一起是可能的。 ②Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live in_harmony_with nature. 人的生命被认为是大自然的一部分，同样，我们生存的唯一方式 就是与大自然和谐相处。 ③The sky and the sea here make a_harmonious_picture. 这儿的天空和大海构成了一幅和谐的画面。 ④The violin was out_of_harmony with the rest of the instruments.(2018·西安一模) 小提琴拉得与其他乐器不协调。 [词汇过关练] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Seeing my reflection (reflect) in the mirror, I know I'm growing older day by day. 2．In our view, the children should be given more time to relax. 3．The children have made arrangements (arrange) for their trip to Hong Kong. 4．At proper horse races everyone has already studied the form of the horses in advance. 5．The ship sails for Shanghai as it is_scheduled (schedule)． 6．She found her necklace buried (bury) beneath a pile of leaves. 7．At the end of their meeting, it was announced that an agreement had been reached. 8．When children grow up, their ideas will be out of harmony with their parents'. 9．Seeing a strange figure passing by, I was scared to death last night. 10．After a big flood, the fresh vegetables in southern cities are in short supply. Ⅱ.单句改错 1．Burying deep down in the earth, the dead forests rotted away and became coal.Burying→Buried 2．I hope the project will be completed at advance.at→in 3 ． The headmaster arranged me to meet Mr Black at the airport.arranged 后加 for_ 4．An informer supplied the police to the names of those involved in the crime.to→with 5．Tom works at perfect harmony with his colleagues. at→in 6．The police were on spot within a few minutes of my telephone call.on 后加 the Ⅲ.单句写作(补全句子/一句多译) 1．In_view_of_our_big_family (考虑到我们的大家庭), my father has to earn extra money. 2 ． You should set aside some time to reflect_on_your_successes_and_failures (反思你的成功和失败)． 3．你可以放心，这项工作将提前完成。 ①You may rely on it that the work will_be_finished_ahead_of_schedule.(schedule) ②You may rely on it that the work will_be_finished_in_advance.(advance) 4．由于他埋头于书本，所以不知道外面下雨了。 ①Because he buried_himself_in/was_buried_in his books, he didn't know it was raining outside. ②Burying_himself_in_his_books,_he didn't know it was raining outside.(使用现在分词作状语) ③Buried_in_his_books,_he didn't know it was raining outside.(使 用过去分词作状语) 5．我们学校网站每天为我们提供大量的信息。 ①Our school website supplies_much_information_to_us every day.(supply sth. to sb.) ②Our school website supplies_us_with_much_information every day.(supply sb. with sth.) ③Our school website provides_much_information_for_us every day.(provide sth. for sb.) [第二板块　短语、句式突破]　 1．in case 万一，如果；以防 　[教材原句]　You have to wear a helmet and a life jacket for protection, just in case you fall into the water. 你得戴上头盔，穿上救生衣，以防掉入水中。 in case of...　　　　　　　　万一……；如果发生…… in this/that case 如果这样/那样 in any case 无论如何；不管怎样 in no case 决不 as is often the case 这是常有的事 ①In_case_of fire, all exits must be kept clear. 以防发生火灾，所有的出口必须保持通畅。 ②As_is_often_the_case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. 孩子通常就是这样，医生来的时候艾米就好些了。 ③Enough space should be given to the kids and in_that_case they will feel relaxed. 应该给孩子足够的空间，这样他们就会感到轻松。 [名师点津]　(1)in case 可用作副词性短语，置于句尾，意为“以 防万一”。 ④The bus is usually on time, but start early, just in_case. 班车通常很准，但还是早点动身吧，以防万一。 (2)in no case 位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。 ⑤In no case shall_we_believe that he is so generous. 我们决不相信他会那么慷慨。 2．up close 靠近地 　[教材原句]　I really want to see an elephant up close, and Colin wants to see a giraffe. 我真的很想近距离地看一头大象，科林想看长颈鹿。 close to　　　　 　　　　　接近；几乎(数字或数量上) get/be close to 靠近 come close to (doing) sth. 差一点做某事 ①Don't get/be_close_to the burning building, or you'll be hurt. 不要靠近起火的大楼，否则你会受伤的。 ②She lives close_to her parents so as to look after them as much as possible. 她住得离她父母很近，以便尽可能多地照顾他们。 ③I came_close_to tears when I heard the news. 听到这则消息时，我差点掉下眼泪来。 3. Colin and I plan to spend a few weeks travelling before_he_goes_to_university. 科林和我计划在他上大学之前外出旅游，玩上几个星期。 (1)句中 before 引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之前”。 ①My room is a mess, but I needn't clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning. (2017·天津高考) 我的房间很乱，但是我今晚出去之前不需要打扫，我可以(明天) 早晨打扫。 (2)before 还表示：还没来得及……就……(强调从句动作发生之 前，主句动作已经发生)；……之后才……(说明主句的动作持续时间 比较长而从句的动作才开始)；(不久)就……；以免……；趁……。 ②The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left before I could ask for their names. 那对年轻的夫妇归还了我丢失的钱包，我还没来得及问他们的名 字，他们就离开了。 (3)含 before 的常用句式有： It won't be＋一段时间＋before ... 用不了多久就会……(before 从句用一般现在时) It will be＋一段时间＋before ... 要过一段时间之后才……(before 从句用一般现在时) It wasn't＋一段时间＋before ... 没过多久就……(before 从句用一般过去时) It was＋一段时间＋before ... 过了多久才……(before 从句用一般过去时) ③It_won't_be_long_before you get the answer. 不久之后你就能收到回信。 4．We'll live with the local people in their villages, and eat and drink whatever they do, including cow's blood! 我们要跟当地的居民一起住在他们的村落里，不管他们吃什么、 喝什么，我们也一起吃、一起喝，包括牛血！ 句中 whatever 引导宾语从句，相当于 anything that。 (1)whatever, who(m)ever, whichever 既可引导名词性从句，又可引 导让步状语从句。 (2)no matter what, no matter which, no matter who(m)只能引导让 步状语从句。 (3)可引导让步状语从句的连接词还有： wherever (＝no matter where)；whenever (＝no matter when)； however (＝no matter how) ①It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he wants. 给孩子他想要的任何东西一般被认为是不明智的。 ②Every year, whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.(2017·北京高考) 每年，任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。 ③Whatever ( ＝ No_matter_what) difficulties we may meet, we'll finish the task on time. 无论遇到什么困难，我们都会按时完成任务。 ④Whichever/No_matter_which road you take, it will lead you to the station. 无论你走哪一条路都会到车站。 ⑤Whenever/No_matter_when she is in trouble, he is there for her.(2017·天津高考阅读表达) 每当她有困难的时候，他都会在她身边。 5 ． Colin was_about_to_get off the camel when a child ran towards him. 科林正要从骆驼上下来，这时一个孩子向他跑来。 　be about to do ...when ...是固定句型，意为“正要……这时/那 时……”。在该结构中，when 通常翻译为“就在那时/这时”，相当于 “at that time”。 并列连词 when 构成的句型有： (1)be about to do sth. when ... ＝be on the point of doing sth. when ...正要做某事，这时突然…… (2)be doing sth. when ... 正在做某事，这时突然…… (3)had (just) done sth. when ... 刚做了某事，这时突然…… ①Seated in the classroom, I was about to take my books out when suddenly I became frozen. ＝Seated in the classroom, I was_on_the_point_of_taking my books out when suddenly I became frozen. 坐在教室里，我正要拿出我的书时，这时我突然愣住了。 ②She was_walking_along the bank of the river when she heard a cry for help. 她正沿着河岸走，这时她听到一阵呼救声。 ③I had_just_turned_on the computer when my parents came back. 我刚刚打开电脑，这时我父母回来了。 [短语、句式过关练] Ⅰ.选词填空 up close， in case， in advance， make sure， be tired of， at a loss， in harmony with 1.I suggest you keep some candles at home in_case the building has a power failure. 2 ． We must never lose sight of the fact that man must live in_harmony_with nature. 3．The children were so curious that they gathered soon to see the strange creature up_close. 4．Make_sure your car is locked after you park it in the street. 5．To be honest, I'm at_a_loss how to solve the difficult problem. 6．Having been_tired_of staying indoors for days, we are longing to go out and relax ourselves. 7．It is a good idea to place your order well in_advance. Ⅱ.句型转换 1．You'd better take an umbrella with you in case of rain. →You'd better take an umbrella with you in case it rains. 2．I was on the point of calling him when he came in. →I was about to call him when he came in. 3．Wherever you go, I'll go with you. →No matter where you go, I'll go with you. 4．Please tell the child he can take anything that he likes. →Please tell the child he can take whatever he likes. Ⅲ.翻译句子 1．他正要放弃，这时一个好主意在他脑海中开始形成。(be about to do ...when ...) He_was_about_to_give_up_when_a_good_idea_began_to_form_in_ his_mind. 2．我要见这个部门的负责人。(whoever 引导的名词性从句) I_would_like_to_see_whoever_is_in_charge_of_the_department. 3．我的父母答应在我动身去非洲之前来看我。(before) My_parents_have_promised_to_come_to_see_me_before_I_leave_f or_Africa. 4．即使人们能近距离地看着他，人们也弄不明白他是做什么工 作的。(even though, up close) Even_though_people_can_see_him_up_close,_they_can't_understa nd_what_he_does. 5．带着些钱以备不时之需。(in case) Take_some_money_in_case_you_need_it. [课堂双线提能]　　　　　　　课堂一刻钟演练，实现教材与高考的对接 提能一　用课文词汇写高分作文 adventure， wildlife， sunshine， harmony， be home to， get close to 1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语) ①无论一个人多大年龄，他/她总想观看或体验一些冒险。 No matter how old a person is, he/she always wants to_see_or_experience some adventures. ②有些人对草原感兴趣，那儿是很多野生动植物的家园。 Some people are interested in the grassland, because it_is_home_to_many_wildlife. ③还有一些人选择海滩去感受阳光、沙子和大海。 Others choose a beach to__experience_the_sunshine,_the_sand_and_the_sea. ④人们热爱户外活动，因为他们想亲近大自然并且感受大自然的 和谐。 People love outdoor activities, because they want to__get_close_to_nature__and_feel_the _harmony_of_nature. 2．升级平淡句 (1)用 however 改写句① However_old__a_person_is,__he/she_always_wants_to_see_or__ex perience_some_adventures. (2)用非限定性定语从句改写句② Some_people_are_interested_in_the_grassland,_which_is_home_to __many_wildlife._ 3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：however, in a word) However old a person is, he/she always wants to see or experience some adventures. Some people are interested in the grassland, which is home to many wildlife. However, others choose a beach to experience the sunshine, the sand and the sea. In a word, people love outdoor activities, because they want to get close to nature and feel the harmony of nature. 提能二　用课文句型解构高考长难句　[本单元突破点——破 折号与从句并存的复合句] 经典例句 比较分析 真题尝试翻 译 课文 长难 句 Our guides will have guns with them for defence — they can use the guns to scare the animals away if they come too near. 在本句中，破折号起连接 作用，破折号之后的内容 对前一个句子进行补充说 明。破折号之后含有 if 引 导的条件状语从句。 真题 长难 句 Frank Hurley's pictures would be outstanding — undoubtedly first­rate photo­journalism — if they had been made last 在本句中，破折号起连接 作用，破折号之后内容 undoubtedly first­rate photo­journalism — if they had been made last week 是 对前一个句子进行补充说 明。破折号之后含有 if 引 弗兰克·赫 尔利的照片 将是不同凡 响的，无疑 是一流的摄 影新闻—— 如果它们上 周被公开。 week.(2016·全国卷 Ⅱ) 导的条件状语从句。 随着生活水平的提高以及工作压力的增加，人们想要在平淡的生 活中追求点刺激；随着旅游业的发展和生活水平的提高，人们越来越 重视精神世界，想要为平淡的生活增添几分色彩以及刺激。因此冒险 之旅逐渐走进人们的视野。该话题的相关内容也越来越多地出现在高 考试题中，尤其是在听力和阅读理解中。 一、话题与语篇 [考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2017·全国卷Ⅰ) If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily.Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill­cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags.They had nothing in common with me.__36__ The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.__37__We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor's bill for my son's food poisoning. I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun­filled holiday in the wilderness.__38__Instead, we had a pop­up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.My nature­loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. __39__We have done a lot of it since.Recently, we bought a twenty­eight­foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built­in TV set.There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator.The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. __40__It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend that you find your way in style. A．This time there was no tent. B．Things are going to be improved. C．The trip they took me on was a rough one. D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however. E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. F．After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping. G．There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. [策略指导]　 (一)这样读文 速读全文，根据“This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work”“We have done a lot of it since.”可知文章体裁为记 叙文，其行文脉络如下： (二)这样做题 [名师解题] 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者对野营活动由抵触到 喜欢的转变过程。36．选 D　上文说，作者一开始对野营产生过抵触 情绪。但是，从下文可知，作者后来喜欢上了野营活动。本空表示意 义的转折，承上启下，为下文做铺垫。故选 D。 37．选 C　根据下文可知，这次野营活动从住宿、饮食到洗澡都 很艰苦。故选 C，对下文内容进行概括。 38．选 A　前句说，作者被说服参加另一次野营活动，后句说， 这次野营活动有舒服的床和空调。故选 A，起承上启下的作用。 39．选 F　根据空格后的代词 We 可判断所填句子中应含有复数 名词，再结合空格后面一句“从那以后我们进行了很多次野营”可判 断应选 F 项“这次野营后，我的家人都对野营相当感兴趣了”。 40．选 E　根据整篇文章的行文思路来看，此处应填一个总结升 华的句子，结合空格后面一句“每个人迟早都会找到回归自然的方式” 可判断选 E 项。 [阅读七选五系列技法 1]　利用词汇线索解题 1．从词汇线索上判断——同义词/近义词 英语前言后语之间往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同 词汇的重复使用，这是考生解题的一个很好的判断线索。 2.从词汇线索上判断——上下义词/同一范畴词 上下义词和同一范畴词是指相关或同一领域的词，这些词在文中 起到语义衔接的目的。解题时可通过在选项中找到与前后文为同一范 畴的词来确定答案。例如第 38 题，前句说，作者被说服参加另一次 野营活动，而后句说，这次野营活动有舒服的床和空调。 因此空白 处的论述应该是在“住宿”这一范畴内，几个选项中只有 A 项合适。 (三)这样积累 1．nevertheless adv.　　　　不过；然而；仍然 2．recommend vt. 推荐 3．have nothing in common with ... 与……无共同之处 4．talk ... into 说服……做…… 5．necessity of life 生活必需品 6．sooner or later 迟早 二、话题与写作 [考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2017·北京高考) 你的英国朋友 Jim 所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条线 路可以选择：“长江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim 来信希望你能给 些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1．你建议的线路； 2．你的理由； 3．你的祝愿。 注意：1.词数不少于 50； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim， 　 　 　 Yours， Li Hua [写作规范]　 第一步：写对词汇不丢冤枉分 1．推荐　　　_recommend_ 2．更喜欢 _prefer_ 3．母亲河 _the_mother_river 4．中华文明 _Chinese_civilization 5．许多著名的风景点 many_well­known_sightseeing_spots 6．了解 _learn_about 第二步：列全要点，写对句子保基本分 1．“长江之行”或者“泰山之旅” 这两条线路都很值得推荐。 Of_the_two_trips_to_the_Yangtze_River_and_Mount_Tai,_both_ar e_highly_recommended. 2．我更喜欢沿长江旅行观光。 _I_prefer_the_tour_along_the_Yangtze_River. 3．它是最长的河，也是中华文明的一条母亲河。 It_is_the_longest_river_in_China_and_one_of_the_mother_rivers_o f_Chinese_civilization. 4．你可以了解到许多中国历史和中华民族的情况。 You_can_learn_a_lot_about_the_history_of_China_and_Chinese_pe ople. 5．河两边的风景令人惊讶。 The_scenery_along_the_river_is_amazing. 6．它有许多著名的风景点。 It_has_many_well­known_sightseeing_spots._ 7．这就是为什么我认为长江之行是更好的选择。 That's_why_I_think_the_trip_along_the_Yangtze_River_is_a_bette r_choice. 第三步：句式升级，打造亮点得高分 1．用同位语将句 2、3 连接成一句 I_prefer_the_tour_along_the_Yangtze_River,_the_longest_river_in_ China_and_one_of_the_mother_rivers_of_Chinese_civilization. 2．用 with 介词短语将句 5、6 连接成一句 The_scenery_along_the_river_is_amazing,_with_many_well­known _sightseeing_spots. 第四步：过渡衔接，润色成文创满分 Dear Jim， I'm happy to receive your letter and know you're coming to China. Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai, both are highly recommended. Personally, I prefer the tour along the Yangtze River, the longest river in China and one of the mother rivers of Chinese civilization. You can learn a lot about the history of China and Chinese people. Moreover, the scenery along the river is amazing, with many well­known sightseeing spots. That's why I think the trip along the Yangtze River is a better choice. Hope you'll have a good time in China. Yours， Li Hua [单元检测·高考提能] 单元检测 A——语言基础扎根练＋阅读理解提速练 [语言基础扎根练] Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空 1 ． According to a study, many old people usually like to read a classical novel (小说) in the leisure time. 2．(2016·四川高考完形)They listened with great interest and then enthusiastically joined in grand conversations about Harry's adventures (冒险经历)． 3．(2018·上海一模)The project is aimed to make some companies reuse all deserted (被抛弃的) plastic bottles. 4．Pale wooden floors and plenty of natural light add to the relaxed atmosphere (氛围)． 5．Before the race, Sam is fine. But afterwards (后来) he is worn out gradually. 6．(2017·6 月浙江高考阅读)The man­on­the­street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot (地点)． 7．(2018·石家庄一模)Therefore, look at the schedule (计划) before your trip, or at least the day before. 8 ． These paintings are an expression of hope for the future and contain the Chinese spirit of harmony (和谐)． 9．We can't promise to publish (刊登) a reply as space is limited. 10．Prices change according to supply (供给) and demand. 11．(2017·天津高考阅读)The passage can be seen as the author's reflections (reflect) upon a particular life experience. 12．How many members have officially (official) registered in the club? 13．He was deeply struck by the natural beauty (beautiful) of the West Lake the first time he went to Hangzhou. 14．Advanced (advance) lights，motors，and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution. 15．In summer, people like putting on dark glasses as a protection (protect) against the strong light. Ⅱ.单句改错 1 ． When the teacher found her cheating in the test, Emily felt completely at loss.at 后加 a 2．Mary looked at her face reflecting in the lake.reflecting→reflected 3 ． We must try to live at peace and harmony with those around us.at→in 4．I have such little interest in English that I almost have to give it up.such→so 5 ． Being surrounded by big mountains, the village is almost unknown to people outside.Being_surrounded→Surrounded 6．Physically, it's tired to stare at a computer screen for too long. _tired→tiring 7 ． John is very knowledgeable about classic music. classic→classical 8．I was about to go to bed before the telephone rang. before→when 9 ． It was the first time that I have chatted online in English.have→had 10．The headmaster arranged me to meet Mr Black at the airport. arranged 后加 for Ⅲ.翻译句子 1．每个周五下午，妈妈安排我的姐姐去学校接我回家。(arrange for sb. to do ...) Every_Friday_afternoon,_my_mother_arranges_for_my_sister_to_p ick_me_up_at_school. 2．令他失望的是，无论他做什么都不能令他的妈妈满意。 (whatever 引导名词性从句) To_his_disappointment,_whatever_he_does_can't_satisfy_his_moth er. 3．我正准备下线，这时他又给我发了一条短信。(be about to do ... when ...) I_was_about_to_log_off_when_he_texted_me_again. 4．当你到一个陌生的城市旅行时，带一张地图，以免迷路。(in case) When_you_travel_to_a_strange_city,_bring_a_map_with_you_in_c ase_you_get_lost. 5．这是几个月来他第一次感到真正的放松。 (this is the first time that ...) This_is_the_first_time_that_he_has_felt_really_relaxed_for_months . [阅读理解提速练] A (2018·广州联考) Inside the Rain Room The Rain Room has arrived and local art lovers are taking notice. Is it worth the wait? Yes, I assure you it is. Once inside, visitors find a long, dark room with a high ceiling. A single bright light shines through heavy rain falling around visitors. The mist. The damp air. The noise. It feels like a mighty storm is pouring down. But the storm is inside. And visitors aren't getting wet. Instead, visitors wander in awe, admiring the rain and the artists who created it. The Rain Room was created to highlight the connection between humans, nature and technology. With a tracking system that senses movement and stops the rain wherever visitors move, it does just that. Light and sound produce an experience that feels both natural and foreign. The exhibit is moving on to Atlanta next month. I urge you to visit before then. It's time to experience the Rain Room for yourself! Welcome to the Rain Room •The Rain Room features falling water. Please be aware that you may get slightly wet. However, visitors wearing raincoats will be turned away. •This exhibit features advanced technology. To ensure its effectiveness, please avoid wearing dark or reflective clothing. •Visitors are welcome to take photographs of the exhibit. •Children must be accompanied by an adult. •For the convenience of all guests, visits are limited to 10 minutes. 语篇解读：本文介绍了艺术展览“雨屋”的特点，并希望大家前 去参观，最后给出了参观时的注意事项。 1．What's the purpose of the text? A．To attract visitors to a new art exhibit. B．To explain how an exhibit has been created. C．To describe the technology used in the exhibit. D．To promote the artists taking part in an exhibit. 解析：选 A　推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“I urge you to visit before then.”和下文的“Welcome to the Rain Room”可以推知，本文 的写作目的是鼓励大家来参观雨屋艺术展。故选 A 项。 2．What's the function of the exhibit's tracking system? A．To keep visitors from getting wet. B．To protect the exhibit from water damage. C．To time how long visitors are in the room. D．To count the number of visitors in the room. 解析：选 A　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“With a tracking system that senses movement and stops the rain wherever visitors move, it does just that.”可知，该展览中的追踪系统的作用是通过感知参观者 的移动来避免参观者被雨淋到。故选 A 项。 3．What must you do when visiting the Rain Room? A．Wear a raincoat. B．Wear dark clothing. C．Leave your camera outside. D．Pass through within 10 minutes. 解析：选 D　细节理解题。根据“Welcome to the Rain Room”中的 最 后 一 点 “For the convenience of all guests, visits are limited to 10 minutes.”可知，为了方便所有参观者，每次参观被限制在十分钟之内。 故选 D 项。 B (2018·江西九江模拟)The Indian government may use 3D paintings as virtual speed breakers (减速带) on major highways and roads, in order to check speeding and careless driving, and finally make its deadly roads a little safer. “We are trying out 3D paintings used as virtual speed breakers to avoid unnecessary requirements of speed breakers，” India's Transport Minister Nitin Gadkari wrote. The optical illusions (视觉错觉) are supposed to encourage drivers to slow down automatically. Earlier, India had ordered the removal of all speed breakers from highways, which were considered to be a safety hazard for high­speed vehicles. India has the highest number of road accident deaths in the world. According to the World Health Organization, over 20,000 people are killed by road accidents. The use of optical illusions as speed breakers was first pioneered in the American city of Philadelphia in 2008, as part of a campaign against speeding motorists. The technique has also been tried out in China to create floating 3D crossing. In India, cities such as Ahmedabad and Chennai have already experimented with 3D zebra crossings in the past year. In Ahmedabad for instance, a mother and her daughter, both artists, have painted 3D crosswalks in the first few months of 2016. The artists say their motto is “to increase the attention of drivers”， and that the concept has been successfully tested in accident­prone zones on a highway. However, critics argue that once drivers know that these speed breakers are visual illusions, they might ignore them. Others also point out that India's decision does not consider the safety of a large number of pedestrians (行人). In the end, the new policy may be just one step toward improving road safety. 语篇解读：为了减少道路交通事故和提高道路的安全系数，印度 计划启用 3D 斑马线和减速带。但这一做法也引起了争议。 4．Why are 3D paintings used on main highways and roads? A．To make the surroundings more beautiful. B．To attract the attention of tourists. C．To reduce the rate of traffic accidents. D．To show the advanced technology. 解析：选 C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“in order to check speeding and careless driving, and finally make its deadly roads a little safer”可知，在路上使用 3D 绘画是为了减少道路交通事故，提高交通 安全。故选 C 项。 5．Which of the following words is closest to the meaning of “hazard” in Paragraph 2? A．Reminder.　　　　　　　B．Threat. C．Regulation. D．Theory. 解析：选 B　词义猜测题。该词在从句中作表语，与关系代词 which 是等同关系，which 指代上文提到的 all speed breakers，而它们 被视为高速车辆的一大威胁。由此可推测，hazard 的意思是“危险； 隐患”，与 threat 意义相近。故选 B 项。 6．What can we learn from Paragraphs 3 and 4? A．Philadelphia, the U. S. A. is the second place to use virtual speed breakers in the world. B．The idea tested in Ahmedabad recently has been a failure. C ． The new policy of 3D zebra crossings must be carried out smoothly. D．The use of optical illusions as speed breakers is controversial in India. 解析：选 D　推理判断题。前三段介绍的是这一新举措的好处， 而在第四段笔锋一转，介绍了反对者的声音：一旦司机知道了这些 3D 的“减速带”是视觉错觉，他们会无视这些减速带。还有人认为这一 新举措没有考虑行人的安全。由此可推测，这一举措是有争议的 (controversial)。 7．What do we know about 3D zebra crossings from the passage? A．They can vastly lower the death rate in India. B．They have been widely used in India so far. C．They are designed to increase drivers' attention. D．They are welcomed by both drivers and pedestrians. 解析：选 C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“to increase the attention of drivers”可知，3D 斑马线是为了提高驾驶员的注意力。故选 C 项。 单元检测 B——阅读理解提速练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A The times are changing. On Thursday October 13th, singer­songwriter Bob Dylan was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, marking the first time the highly­eyed­on literary award has gone to someone who is mainly seen as a musician, and giving rise to heated discussions. The 75­year­old won the prize “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition”， the Swedish Academy said. “For 54 years he has been at it, reinventing himself，” said Sara Danius, the academy's permanent secretary. “Bob Dylan writes poetry for the ear. But it's perfectly fine to read his works as poetry.” And while many Dylan's fans have found great delight at the news, others online and in the literary community are cross with the Committee, saying the award has skipped over fiction writers for the second year. New York Times Book Review editor Pamela Paul said it was good news but pointed out how many “deserving” novelists there are. Director Martin Scorsese put out a statement saying he was “overjoyed” that Dylan was awarded the prize. “Dylan's poetry, his musical genius, has meant so much to me personally and to generations of people around the world ，” Scorsese said. “His work has influenced and shaped culture, and he has never stopped exploring and growing as an artist. The Nobel Committee has given Dylan a form of recognition that fits his role in our culture — in world culture.” Dylan won a Pulitzer Prize in 2008 for his “great influence on popular music and American culture”. He's the first American to win the literary Nobel since Toni Morrison in 1993. 语篇解读：作为一名歌手，鲍勃·迪伦获得诺贝尔文学奖的消息 让很多人大感意外，从而引发热议。 1．Why does Bob Dylan's winning the Nobel Prize cause heated discussions? A．He created poetic expressions. B．He is known as a musician. C．He reinvents himself. D．He is 75 years old. 解析：选 B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“... marking the first time the highly­eyed­on literary award has gone to someone who is mainly seen as a musician ...”可知，正是因为鲍勃·迪伦是一位歌手， 所以获得诺贝尔文学奖才引发热议。故选 B 项。 2．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined part in Paragraph 4? A．Are thankful to.　　　　 B．Are satisfied with. C．Are angry with. D．Are worried about. 解析：选 C　词义猜测题。根据第四段第一句中的“And while many Dylan's fans have found great delight at the news”中 while 表示“尽管”， 引 导 让 步 状 语 从 句 ， 所 以 后 面 的 “others online and in the literary community are cross with the Committee”中的 are cross with 与 found great delight 意思应该相反。再根据第四段最后一句中的“saying the award has skipped over fiction writers for the second year”可推测，are cross with 应表示“对……生气”，而不是 D 项中的“担心……”。故 选 C 项。 3．What can we know about Dylan according to Martin Scorsese? A．Dylan influences Martin a lot. B．Dylan is happy with the award. C．Dylan is a poet rather than a musician. D．Dylan benefits a lot from world culture. 解析：选 A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句中的“Dylan's poetry, his musical genius, has meant so much to me personally and to generations of people around the world”可知，鲍勃·迪伦对他影响很大。 故选 A 项。 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．A brief introduction to Bob Dylan. B．The reason for Bob Dylan's success. C．Bob Dylan's influence on American culture. D．Different views on Bob Dylan's winning the Nobel Prize. 解析：选 D　主旨大意题。文章开头就点明了鲍勃·迪伦获得诺 贝尔文学奖引起了热议，接着说明了不同的人对此事的不同态度。故 选 D 项。 B (2018·山东省实验中学模拟)When I first arrived at Barranquilla, the public transport system was a mystery to me. Seemingly, hundreds of huge, multicolored buses whizzed around. What's more, there seemed to be no stop signs, and therefore absolutely no indication of where the bus was going, or at what time it would arrive there. Now I know more about the ways of Barranquilla buses. I thought it only fair to share this knowledge. So, start with the decorations. The vehicles are painted all colors of the rainbow, and often have graffiti­style designs on the side. In fact, this type of graphic design is so typical here that even a local design company took it and decided to make T­shirts with it. The inside is decorated according to the taste of the driver, with stickers quotations, names of family members, curtains and various items dangling from the ceiling. At night time, the buses are covered with multicolored flashing lights enough for a good party atmosphere, coupled with the music from the driver's stereo system, which is exactly what you get! As for the destinations, no signs are needed — these are often splashed across the front of the bus, with a card in the front window detailing more specific directions. If you see a bus passing your way and you want to get on, you stick out your hand and wave it about a bit, and the bus driver will slam on the brakes and wait for you before continuing on his way. On the journey itself, there's yet more fun to be had. Vendors (小商 贩) often pass through the buses, trying to sell you sweets or water bags. There are also preachers coming to give you the sermon (布道) of the day in return for some small change. However, my favorite moment is when someone comes into the main street with a mini stereo and some rap music to entertain the crowd. 语篇解读：作者主要记叙了巴兰基亚这个城市的公共交通状况以及旅途中的所见所闻。 5．When the writer first arrived in Barranquilla, he/she ________. A．hated taking the bus B．got lost many times C．was confused by the public transport D．shared the knowledge with the local people 解析：选 C　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“When I first arrived at Barranquilla, the public transport system was a mystery to me.”可知， 一开始巴兰基亚这个城市的公共交通对于作者来说是一个谜。故选 C 项。 6．The decorations of the vehicles are ________. A．colorful and personalized B．bright and humorous C．old­fashioned and unusual D．practical and tasteful 解析：选 A　推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“The vehicles are painted all colors of the rainbow, and often have graffiti­style designs on the side.”可知，交通工具外部的颜色是多彩的；再根据第二段最后 一句中的“The inside is decorated according to the taste of the driver ...”可 知，内部的装饰是根据司机的喜好来布置的，因此非常个性化。故选 A 项。 7．How can you get on a bus in Barranquilla? A．By using a stop sign. B．By raising a card. C．By slamming on the brakes. D．By waving your hand. 解析：选 D　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“If you see ... you want to get on, you stick out your hand and wave it about a bit, ... before continuing on his way.”可知，在巴兰基亚如果想坐公交车，可以招手。 故选 D 项。 8．What does the writer like best according to the last paragraph? A．Sweets. B．Rap music. C．Small change. D．Water bags. 解析：选 B　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，作者最 喜欢的是街头表演说唱乐(rap)。故选 B 项。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Do People Need Small Talk to Be Happy? Psychologists (心理学家) have long said that connecting with others is an important part of happiness, but just how much conversation we require is under examination. In one study, researchers found that small talk made up only 10% of their conversation related with happiness. __1__ Scientists believe that small talk could promote bonding. Late last year, Princeton researchers reported that small talk keeps closeness with loved ones, and isn't merely the stuff of awkward exchanges with strangers. Still, chatting with strangers could brighten your morning. In a series of experiments, psychologists gave Chicago passengers different directions about whether to talk with fellow passengers — something they typically avoided. __2__ None of the chatters reported being rejected. Small talk can also help us feel connected to our surroundings. People who smiled at, made eye contact with, and briefly spoke with their Starbucks baristas (咖啡师) reported a greater sense of belonging than those who rushed through the transaction (交易). __3__ One report found that when volunteers broke the silence to chat with gallery goers, the visitors felt happier and more connected to the exhibit than those who were not approached. __4__ In one study, people who were rated “less curious” by researchers had trouble getting a conversation rolling on their own, and had greater luck building closeness with others when they were supplied with questions that encouraged personal disclosure ( 透露). But people who were considered “curious” needed no help when transforming conversations about ordinary things into personal exchanges. __5__ A．The same is true of gallery goers. B．But don't play down small talk just yet. C．They found that small talk is related with happiness. D．Those told to chat with others reported a more pleasant journey. E ． Making small talk is an important skill for all the social situations. F ． A “curious mindset” ， the author concluded, can lead to “positive social interactions”． G．Of course, some people are better than others at turning small talk into something bigger. 语篇解读：文章通过描述实验告诉我们闲谈能够促进人与人之间的关系，使人变得快乐。 1．选 B　设空前一句提到闲谈只占与快乐相关的对话的 10%， 设空后一句又提到科学家认为闲谈可以促进人与人之间的关系，设空 处应说明要重视闲谈，故 B 项(但不能贬低闲谈)符合语境。 2．选 D　根据设空前一句可知，心理学家在芝加哥的乘客中做 了一项实验，故此空应描述实验结果，故 D 项(那些被告知要和其他 人闲聊的乘客觉得旅途更愉快)符合语境。 3．选 A　根据下文中的“gallery goers”定位至 A 项(这种情况也同 样出现在常去画廊的人身上)，分析设空前和设空后的两个例子可知， 两者均是为了证明闲谈能帮助人们与周围环境产生联系。故选 A 项。 4．选 G　根据下文中的“less curious”和“curious”可知，本段存在 比较关系，G 项中的 better than 与之相呼应。故选 G 项。 5．选 F　根据设空前一句可知，被认为带着“好奇心”的人在 把普通对话转变成个人交流时并不需要外在帮助，故 F 项(作者得出 结论：带着好奇心往往会引起积极的社交互动)符合语境，该项中的 curious 及 interactions 与本段中的 curious 及 closeness 相照应。