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高考英语二轮复习核心考点总动员专题03代词含解析

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只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 专题 03 代词 关键词:人称代词,物主代词,指示代词,不定代词,疑问代词,it 用法 难度系数:✱✱✱✱ 推荐指数:✱✱✱✱✱ 【基础回顾】 考点归纳: 1. 人称代词有人称、数和格的变化。 2. 物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种,有人称和数的变化。 3.指示代词常考 this,that,these,those 这些代词的辨析。 4.反身代词常考一些语境理解及常用的固定搭配。 5.不定代词的固定搭配也是常考的点,还有一些常见的不定代词的辨析。 6.it 的用法是一个高考必考点以及学习的难点。 基础必读: 代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意 义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词、相互代词、疑 问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种 一、人称代词。 表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、 “我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词。人称代词有人称、 数和格的变化,见下表: 数 单数 复数 格 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he him they them she her they them it it they them e.g.:He is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 It's me. 是我。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 二、物主代词。 表示所有关系的代词,也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词 二种,其人称和数的变化见下表。 数 单数 复数 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 形容词性物主代词 my your his/her/its our your their 名词性物主代词 mine yours his/hers /its ours yours theirs e.g.: I like his car. 我喜欢他的小汽车。 Our school is here,and theirs is there. 我们的学校在这儿,他们的在那儿。 三、 指示代词 表示“那个”、 “这个”、 “这些”、 “那些”等指示概念的代词。指示代词有 this,that, these,those 等。 e.g.: That is a good idea. 那是个好主意。 四、 表示“我自己”、“你自己”、“他自己”、“我们自己”、“你们自己”和“他们自己”等 的代词,叫做自身代词,也称为“反身代词”。 e.g.: She was talking to herself. 她自言自语。 五、 表示相互关系的代词叫相互代词,有 each other 和 one another 两组,但在运用中, 这两组词没什么区别。 e.g.: They love each other. 他们彼此相爱。 六、不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的不定代词有 all , both, every, each, either, neither, more, little, few, much, many, another, other, some, any , one, no 以及 some, something, anything, everything, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nothing , nobody, no one, none, everybody, everyone.等。这些不定代词大都 可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,但 none 和由 some,any,no 等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语;every 和 no 只能作定语。 e.g.:--- Do you have a car? --你有一辆小汽车吗? --- Yes,I have one. --是的,我有一辆 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 --- I don't know any of them. 他们,我一个也不认识 不定代词的功能与用法 1. 除 every 和 no 外不定代词既可用作名词,也可用作形容词。every 和 no 在句中只能作 定语 I have no idea about it. 2. all 都,指三者以上。 all 的主谓一致:all 的单复数由它所修饰或指代的名词的单复数决定。 All goes well. 一切进展得很好 all 通常不与可数名词单数连用,如:不说 all the book,而说 the whole book。 但 all 可与表时间的可数名词单数连用,如 all day,all night,all the year; 但习惯 上不说 all hour,all century。 all 还可以与一些特殊的单数名词连用,如 all China, all the city, all my life, all the way 3. both 都,指两者 1).both 与复数动词连用,但 both… and…可与单数名词连用。 2).both, all 都可作同位语,其位置在行为动词前, be 动词之后。如果助动词或情态动 词后面的实义动词省 去,则位于助动词或情态动词之前。 Who can speak Japanese? We both (all) can. 4. neither 两者都不 1).neither 作主语时,谓语动词用单数 2).作定语与单数名词连用,但 neither… nor 用作并列连词,可与复数名词连用。其谓语 采用就近原则 3).可用于下列句型,避免重复。 She can't sing,neither (can) he. 4).neither 与 nor 如前句是否定式从句,则主句用 neither,而不用 nor。 If you don't do it,neither should I. 如果你不干,我也不干。 如后连续有几个否定句式,则用 nor,不用 neither。 He can't sing,nor dance,nor skate. 5. none 无 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 1) none 作主语,多与 of 构成短语 none of。 在答语中,none 可单独使用。 Are there any pictures on the wall? None. 2) none 作主语,谓语动词单复数均可。但如做表语,则其单复数与表语一致。 It is none of your business. 6. few 一些,少数 few 作主语时,谓语动词用复数,多用于肯定句。 7.some 一些 1) 可与复数名词及不可数名词连用 2) 当做"某一"解时,也可与单数名词连用。(= a certain) You will be sorry for this some day. 总有一天,你会后悔这件事的 A certain (some) person has seen you break the rule. 某些人不同意你的看法。 注意:(1)在肯定疑问句中用 some 代替 any。 (2)some 用于其他句式中: a. 肯定疑问句中:说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的,或期望得到肯定回答时。 Would you like 句式中,表委婉请求或建议,如: Would you like some coffee? b. 在条件状语从句中表示确定的意义时,如: If you need some help,let me know. c. some 位于主语部分, Some students haven't been there before. d. 当否定的是整体中的部分时,some 可用于否定句 如: I haven't heard from some of my old friends these years. 这些年我没有收到一些老朋友的信 8. any 一些 1) any 多用于否定句和疑问句和条件状语从句中。 当句中含有任何的意思时,any 可用于肯定句。 Here are three novels. You may read any. 这有三本小说,你可任读一本。 9.one, ones 为复数形式 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 ones 必须和形容词连用。如果替代的名词时无形容词在前,则用 some, any,而不 用 ones。 Have you bought any rulers? Yes,I 've bought some. one 表示泛指,that 和 it 表示特指。that 与所指名词为同类,但不是同一个,而 it 与所 指名词为同一个。 I can't find my hat. I think I must buy one. (不定) 我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。 The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought. (同类但不同个) 你买的那顶帽子比我买的大 I can't find my hat. I don' t know where I put it. ( 同一物) 我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了。 one… the other 只有两个;some… the others 有三个以上;one… another,another… some… others,others… ;others = other people/things ;the others = the rest 剩 余的全部 1) 泛指另一个用 another。 2) 一定范围内两人(物),一个用 one,另一个用 the other。 3) 一定范围内三者,一个用 one,另一个用 one (another),第三个可用 the other,a third。 4) 一定范围内,除去一部分人/物,剩余的全部用 the others。 5) 泛指别的人或物时,用 others 当在一定范围内,除去一部分后,剩余部分但不是全部时, 也用 others 七、 疑问代词 主要有 who,whom,whose,what 和 which 等。在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句。疑问代词都 可用作连接代词,引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句) e.g.:Tell me who he is. 告诉我他是谁。 八、 关系代词 主要有 who,whom,whose,that,which,as 等,可用作引导从句的关联词。它们在定语从 句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语等;另一方面它们又代表主句中为定语从句所修饰的那个 名词或代词(通称为先行词)的意思。 e.g.: He is the man whom you have been looking for. 他就是你要找的那个人。 九、It 的用法 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 it 在英语语法中属人称代词,意思是“它”,用来指人以外的一切生物和事物。它的用法 不仅不简单,而且很复杂。 (一)、用于指人以外的一切生物、无生命的东西和事情。 一般指说话者心目中已经了解或所指的生物、无生命的东西或事情、没有性别的区分;可以 是可数名词,也可以是不可数名词,在句子中既可做主语,也可以作宾语。 1.指动物和植物。 e.g.:—Oh,that's Lucy's hat.噢,那是露茜的帽子 —It looks like a cat!它看上去像只猫! Where's tea grown?It's grown in the southeast of China.什么地方种植茶?中国东 南部种植茶。 2.指代一些无生命的东西 e.g.:Is it your watch?这是你的手表吗? Look at the rain!It's heavy,isn't it?看这雨!雨很大,对吗? 3.代替上文提到过的整个事情 e.g.: Well,you mustn't play on the road.It's dangerous.哦,你不能在公路上玩。这太危 险了! It was hard work,but they really enjoyed it.摘苹果是艰苦活,可他们都乐意去干(它)。 (二)、用于指代人 1.指代说话者心目中不太清楚的那个人,常在打电话或敲门时用。 e.g.:—Who was it?是谁(打来的电话)? —Was it Susan?(打电话的)是苏珊吗? —Yes,it was.是的,我是。(根据上下句,“it was”也可不译出来。) —Who is knocking at the door?谁在敲门? —It's me.是我 2.指说话者心目中的那个人 e.g.:—Is it your sister,Kate?(那旧照片上的 baby)是你姐姐凯特吧? —No!不是 —Is it your brother?是你哥哥吧? —No!不是 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 —I know—it's you!我知道了,(那)是你。 3.指代性别不详的婴幼儿或在不计较性别时,也可用 it 来指人。 e.g.:The child smiled when it saw its mother.这小孩一见到母亲就笑了。 I don't know who it is.我不知道他是谁。 注意:看到这样的句子(或听到这样的话)时,要想一想,不要一看到 it 就把它译成“它”。) 4.在回答用指示代词表示人的特殊问句时,常用 it 指人 e.g.:—Who's that?那人是谁? —Is it Kate?是凯特吗? —Yes,I think you're right.It's Kate.是的,我想你说对了,是凯特。 (三)、用于指时间、距离和自然现象等 1.表示时间。 e.g.:—What time is it?几点钟? —It's ten.十点钟。 It's summer in Australia now.现在澳大利亚是夏天。 特别注意 it 用于表示时间时还常见于以下三个句型中: (1)It's time(for sb.)to do sth./It's time for sth. “是(某人)该干……的 时间了”、“到……的时候了” e.g.:It's time for supper/to have supper.是吃晚饭的时候了。 I think it's time for us to start the lesson now.我想现在是我们开始上课的时候了。 (2)It is /has been +时间段+since +一般过去时 It was +时间段+since+过去完成时 “自从……以来已过了……(时间)” e.g.:It has been two weeks since we met last.自从我们上次相遇以来,两个星期过 去了。 It's three years since he came here.=It has been three years since he came here. =He has been here for three years.他到这里已经三年了。 注意:It is/has been+时间段+ since …continuous v-ed(延续性动词) 某动作已有多长 时间不发生了 e.g.:It's 10 years that he lived here 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 (3)it’s (about/high) time that sb. did sth. (正是)该某人做某事的时候了(这是 一个虚拟语气,表示对现在事实相反的虚拟语气) e.g.:It’s high time that we went to school. (4)It is the x-th time (that) sb have done sth It was the x-th time that sb had done sth 这是某人第几次做某事了 e.g.:It's the third time that he has failed the driving test. It was the second time that he had seen the film. (5)It was(not) +时间段+before +一般过去时 “过(不)了多长时间某动作发生了” It will be +时间段+before+一般现在时 “过多长时间才…” e.g.:It was not long before they arrived. It will be several years before we meet again. 2.表示距离。 e.g.:It's half an hour's walk from my home to the school.从我家到学校步行得花 半小时时间。 —Where's the farm,Li Lei?Is it far?李雷,农场在哪里?远吗? —No,it's quite near.不,(距)离这很近。 3.表示自然现象。 e.g.:Sometimes it snows and the land is all white.有时下雪,大地一片白。 It is very quiet here at the moment.眼下这儿很安静。 (四)、用作形式主语(empty subject)。 英语中常常见到某个句子以 it 开头,it 与其后面的动词不定式短语、动名词短语、名词性 从句等相呼应,以表达一个完整的意义。这是一种习惯表达法,这样的句式可避免句子显得 头重脚轻 1.It+is/was+adj.+(for/of sb)+to do sth/that clause 对于这个句型中究竟用 for 还是用 of,一般遵循这样的规则:如果形容词仅仅是描述事物 的形容词,如:difficult, easy,hard,important,dangerous 等用 for;如果形容词是 描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的,如:kind,good,nice,clever 等则用 of e.g.: It is interesting to play with snow in winter. 冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。 It's important for us to keep the water clean. 保持水质清洁对我们来说是很重 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 要的。 It's very kind of you to say so. 你这样说真是太好了 It is certain that he will come. 他一定会来 It's true that he may fall behind the other students.他真的可能落后于其他同学 It is strange that he should say so. 他居然这么说,真是奇怪 2. It is / was +n. + (for /of sb ) to do sth/that clause 注意:这一句式中的连系动词 be 也可换用其它连系动词,如 feel 等。 e.g.:It's a good habit to get up early and go to bed early.早睡早起是好习惯 It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship.乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很 有趣 It feels strange to have a twin sister.有个孪生姐妹感觉很奇怪 It’s no secret that the president wants to have a second term at office. (It’s) no wonder that he is angry. 3.It +will be/is/was+adj+v-ing。 e.g.:It's bad playing in the street.在街上玩是没好处的。 Is it any good trying again?再试一次有用吗? 4. It is +n. + v-ing. It’s no use/good doing sth. It’s (well) worth doing sth. e.g.:It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收 5.It is/was v-ed that clause=sb is/was v-ed to do sth (用于这种句型的动词常为 say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know) e.g.:It is said that the couple have gotten divorced.(=The couple are said to have gotten divorced.) 6.It +v. (to sb) that clause= sb +v. to do sth (用于这种句型的动词常为 appear, seem, come about, emerge, follow, chance, happen, occur, transpire, turn out , work out) e.g.:It (so) happened/chanced that they were out.(= They happened/chanced to be out.) 碰巧他们出去了。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。 10 e.g.:It seems that he is ill.=He seems to be ill.看起来他好像病了 It 作主语的常见句型: 1.It +is /was +one's turn(duty,pleasure) +to do sth.“该轮到某人做某事(做 某事是某人的责任、愉悦的事)” e.g.:It's your turn to be on duty tomorrow.明天轮到你值日了。 2.It takes(sb.)some time to do sth=sb takes some time to do sth “(某人)花…… 时间做某事”。 e.g.:It took me a week to finish reading the book.我花了一周时间看完这本书。 It took the men a week to mend our roof.(= The men took a week to mend our roof.) 3.It +cost/costs +sb.+some money +to do sth. “某人花多少钱做某事”。 e.g.:It cost me 260 yuan to buy the new watch.我买这块新手表花了 260 元。 4.It / this /that is the best/worst/most… that sb have done“这是那是某人经历过 的…中最…的了。” It /this/that was the best/worst/most… that sb had done e.g.:It was the best novel he had read before. (五).用作形式宾语。 当句子的真正宾语是动词不定式、动名词或从句时,为避免句子头重脚轻,须将其放在宾语 补足语之后,改用先行词 it 占据其原来的位置 it 用作形式宾语的句型为: 1..S+V+it+adj/n+(for/of sb) to do/v-ing/that clause。 该句型中宾语补足语可由形容词、名词等充当。 (动词常为 think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…) e.g.:I think it hard for you to do the task on your own./I think it hard that you'll do the task on your own. He found it not easy to learn a foreign language well.他发现学好一门外语是不容 易的 We think it no good reading in bed.我们认为躺在床上看书无益处 2..S+ v+it+ important/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natural/essential that sb (should) do sth S+v+it+of much/great/no/little importance that…(should)… 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。 11 (动词常为 think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…) e.g.:I think it important that you (should) attend the conference. 3. S+ v. +it + prep. + that… owe it to sb. that…把…归功于… leave it to sb that…把…留给某人去做 take it for granted that …想当然 keep it in mind that… e.g.:Don't bother to arrange anything. Just leave it to me to sort out. Don't take it for granted that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful. 注意:it 用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面,尤其是表示好恶的动词后,enjoy, like, love, dislike, resent, hate, don't mind, be fond of, feel like, see to 宾语从句 紧跟 it 之后 e.g.:I hate it you can swim so well and I can't. I’d appreciate it if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. (六).构成强调句。 It is/was+被强调部分+ that(who)… 强调句型用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。当 被强调部分是人时也可以用 who。 在使用强调句型时需注意以下几点: 1. 请注意强调句型的特殊疑问句 When was it that he changed his mind to take part in the activity? 2. 在强调原因状语从句时,只能强调由 because 所引导的从句 It was because he was ill that he didn't come to school yesterday. 3. 在强调 not … until 结构时必须把 not 与 until 一起放到被强调的位置上 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was my brother. 4. 注意强调句型与定语从句的区别 这类题目往往比较难做,应对的方法是: 1)先试着将 it ,be, that/who 去掉,若删除后的句子结构和句子意思仍然正确,则为强调 句 2)强调句中的 that/who 仅仅是标志词,不作句子成分,但在定语从句中 that 可作主宾表 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。 12 语,who 可作主语,所以解题时应从分析句子成分入手,若 that 或 who 不作句子成分,且 删掉后原句仍然成立,则为强调句型的引导词,若在从句中作某一成分,则为定语从句 It was at 7 o'clock that he came here yesterday.( 强调句型) It was 7 o'clock when he came here yesterday.(定语从句) (七). 构成特殊句式。 e.g.: It seems as if we should finish it tomorrow. (八)、it, one 和 that 作替代词的用法及区别 it, one 和 that 虽然都可以用来替代前面所提到的一个单数名词,以避免重复,但在具体用 法上却有不同。简述如下: 1. it 代替前面提到的同一事物,该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词 2. one 代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词,也可 以被 this、that 或形容词修饰,其后也可以有定语 3. that 代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数 名词,要有后置定语,但不可以有前置修饰语。 【技能方法】 代词知识是高考中的必考内容,也是教学的重点和难点。 解答此类试题,可以从以下几个方面着手考虑: 对于代词的学习要抓住代词的特点和用法,可以从以下几方面入手来把握代词的解题规律: 1.明确指代。在解答代词题目时,我们应首先分析前后文,明确代词所指代的对象,从而避 免误判。具体说来应从以下几方面考虑: (1)代词指代的是人还是物; (2)代词指代的是可数名词还是不可数名词; (3)代词指代的是特指还是泛指概念; (4)代词指代的概念是表示两者之间还是三者或三者以上。 (5)代词所表示的是肯定还是否定概念。 2.理清逻辑。需要通过分析上下文所蕴涵的逻辑关系才能做出正确判断。具体说来应从以下 方面去考虑: (1)代词所表示的范围; (2)代词表示的是全部否定还是部分否定。 3 吃透语境。有些高考试题考查的是代词在具体语境中的灵活运用,这样的题目须分析具体 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。 13 的语境才能选出正确答案,忌死抠语法。 对于数词的复习只要掌握牢记基本规则用法即可,对它的考查非常固定就是正常的倍数、百 分数、分数的表示法;当然在复习备考中要熟记规律,牢记词条,多做有针对性题目,就能 很好地突破 【基础达标】 1.Most people think ________ necessary to learn a foreign language nowadays. 【答案】it 2.—Which driver was to blame? —Why, ________! It was the child’s fault. He suddenly came out between two parked cars. 【答案】neither 【解析】 试题分析:考查不定代词。问句问的是“是哪一个司机的错”,答语中后面一句说“很明显 是那个孩子的错”,所以两个司机都没有责任,填 neither,表示“两者之中任何一个都没 有”。 【知识拓展】 neither 两者都不;both 两个都;either 两者之一;none 三者或三者以上没有。 3.Some students take ________ for granted that they can learn English well so long as they do many exercises. 【答案】it 【解析】 试题分析:考查代词。take sth. for granted 认为……理所当然。在此处 it 是形式宾语, that 引导的宾语从句放在后面。 4.They are learning to act graciously when success comes ________ way. 【答案】their 【解析】 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。 14 试题分析:考查代词。句意:他们正在学习当成功来临的时候要表现的彬彬有礼。come one’s way 表示“某人突然经历某事,尤指不期而遇”,和前面的 They 保持一致,故填 their。 5.—My mother’s birthday is coming soon. What should I get ________? — What about some flowers? 【答案】her 【能力提升】 1.(2016·浙江高考)In many ways,the education system in the US is not very different from ________ in the UK. 【答案】that 【解析】 试题分析:句意:在很多方面,美国的教育体系和英国的教育体系不是很不相同。指代上文 的名词 education system,用 that,而且后面有介词短语作后置定语。 2.(2016·浙江高考)My mother and father were united in their way of raising children, but it mostly fell to my mother to actually carry ________ out. 【答案】it 【解析】 试题分析:句意:我的父母在抚养孩子的方式上是一致的,但在切实执行时大部分还是落在 了我妈妈身上。it 代指上文提到的 their way of raising children。 3.(2016·天津高考)I hate ________ when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to carry on a conversation with her. 【答案】it 【解析】 试题分析:句意:我讨厌她在上班的时候给我打电话。我总是太忙了不能和她进行谈话。it 作形式宾语,代指 when 引导的从句。 4.(2016·安徽师大附中模拟)—Lend me some more money,will you? —Sorry,I’ve got ________ at hand myself. You know the iPhone 6 cost me all I 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。 15 had just now. 【答案】none 【解析】 试题分析:考查代词。答语的第二句提到 iPhone 6 花光了答话人所有的钱,由此可知答话 人现在手头上没有钱,故用 none,相当于 no money。 5.(2016·河南十校联考)—Have you finished your report? —No,I’ll finish it in ________ ten minutes. 【答案】another 6.(2016·四川省成都二模)—Which tie would you prefer,the black tie or the red one, Sir? —I’ll take ________ to have a change sometimes. 【答案】both 【解析】 试题分析:根据对话中的“the black tie or the red one”和“have a change”可判断 出“两者都要”,故答案为 both。 【终极闯关】 1.【2016·全国Ⅲ】阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词) 或括号内单词的 正确形式。 In much of Asia,especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China,Japan, Korea,__1__Vietnam,food is usually eaten with chopsticks. Chopsticks are usually two long,thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic,animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might__2__(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal __3__(create)special designs. The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, __4__(use)twigs(树枝)to remove it. over time,__5__the 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。 16 population grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which__6__(gradual)turned into chopsticks. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,__7__lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.,influenced the__8__(develop)of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and __9__(be)too violent for use at the table. Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India,for example,most people traditionally eat __10__their hands. 【答案】1.and 2.be made 3.to create 4.using 5.as/when 6.gradually 7.who 8.development 9.were 10.with 4.using 考查分词。现在分词作状语。 5.as/when 考查连词。as/when“当……时,随着……”。 6.gradually 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词。 7.who 考查定语从句。后面是非限制性定语从句,先行词指人,故用 who。 8.development 考查名词。此处应用名词作动词的宾语。 9.were 考查时态和动词的数。此处 were 是与 would remind 并列的谓语动词。 10.with 考查介词。固定短语:with one’s hands 用某人的手。 考点:考查语法填空 2. 【广东省揭阳市 2017 届高三上学期期末调研】 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(  ),并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。 17 修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2. 只允许修改 10 处,多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 Dear Sir, Thank you for invite me to the summer English course in your school. As for your choice between the two courses, I prefer a four-week course because it will give me more time to do some traveling and make a few new friends. Of all the subject I’m learning at school, I like English best. I had learned English for 6 years but my spoken English remains poorly. So I hope to take this chance improve it. If possible, I’d like to stay with a family in a few days in order that I can learn about any customs in England, which I’m particularly interested in. I believe I will have a wonderful time in this summer. Yours truly, Li Hua 【答案】 51 invite 改为 inviting 52your 改为 my 53 a 改为 the 54subject 改为 subjects 55had 改为 have 56poor 改为 poorly 57 chance 后加 to 58in 改为 for 59any 改为 some 60in 去掉 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。 18 53 a 改为 the 考查冠词。此处为特指,应该用 the。 54subject 改为 subjects 考查名词。subject 是可数名词,而 all 后面应该跟复数名词,故 把 subject 改为 subjects。 55had 改为 have 考查时态。从语境可知此处指到目前为止学了十一年英语,应该用现在完 成时,表示从过去延续到现在的状态,故把 had 改为 have。 56poor 改为 poorly 考查形容词。remain 是系动词,意为“仍然”,后面应该跟形容词作表 语,故把 poorly 改为 poor。 考点:语篇理解以及语法知识。