2020届高考英语外研版大一轮复习课后达标检测：必修3Module2 5页

‎(建议用时：35分钟)‎ 阅读理解 ‎ (2019·陕西教学质量检测)Poverty(贫穷) has been troubling the world. In 2016, the number of hungry people in the world reached one billion for the first time. It’s difficult not to be shocked by the fact that more than one in seven people in the world do not have enough to eat.‎ The U．N. figures that almost two thirds of the world’s hungry people are in Asia, which is of course the world’s most populous continent. More than a quarter are in subSaharan Africa. Although this place has a much lower population than Asia, it has the highest percentage of hungry people. Almost all of the rest are in Latin America, North Africa and the Caribbean.‎ There are many reasons for world hunger. They include wars, droughts, floods, and the overuse of farmland. All these factors affect food production. Many people also blame greedy businessmen for pushing up the prices of basic foods in the global market. In fact, many people are starving just because they’re poor. Therefore, the most important reason, quite simply, is poverty. If we can’t pull out this root, we’ll never be able to solve food shortage.‎ Although many people make the obvious point that there would be less hunger if the global population were smaller, few people would argue that there is not enough food to go around. The basic problem seems to be not a lack of food, but its distribution. In the last 50 years, global food production has risen even more quickly than the global population.‎ There are many areas of the world in which people generally have more than enough food. In those places, being overweight is a far bigger problem than hunger. The answer to world hunger, therefore, may be a balanced food distribution around the whole world. Everyone will have enough to eat, but not to overeat.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界饥饿的现状以及导致饥饿的原因。‎ ‎1．Which continent has the highest rate of hungry people?‎ A．Asia.　　　　　　 B．Africa.‎ C．America. D．Europe.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“More than...Although this place has a much lower population than Asia, it has the highest percentage of hungry people.”的描述可知，非洲大陆有着最高的饥饿率。‎ ‎2．The underlined word in the third paragraph most probably means ．‎ A．the fact of having many droughts B．the reason for suffering many floods C．the state of being poor D．bad luck brought by wars C　解析：词义猜测题。根据上文“Therefore, the most important reason, quite simply, is ‎ poverty.”的描述可知，画线词指贫穷的状态。‎ ‎3．According to the last paragraph, results in the poverty.‎ A．not enough production B．slow growth of food C．consuming too much food D．imbalance of food distribution D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句的描述可推知，是食物分配不平衡导致贫困的。‎ ‎4．Maybe the author would write about if there were a sixth paragraph.‎ A．how to make food distribution balanced B．when to get rid of world hunger thoroughly C．who is to blame for the world hunger D．what to do to help the hungry people A　解析：文章结构题。根据最后一段中的“In those places, being overweight is a far bigger problem...around the whole world.”的描述可知，也许作者接下来会写如何使食物分配平衡。‎ 七选五 ‎(2019·东北三省四市教研联合体一模)‎ Does Your Mood Change with the Seasons?‎ Some people find that when the temperature goes down, so do their spirits. 1. They eat more and gain weight. They have trouble sleeping. They can’t think clearly.‎ Here are some ways you can beat the winter blues.‎ Get out in the sun. Some experts say that winter blues happen because we get less sunlight in the winter than we do in other seasons. Some say that the decrease in sunlight can make us feel sad. 2. ‎ Get some exercise. A walk or other exercise will make chemicals called endorphins(内啡肽) in your body. Endorphins are natural “feel good” chemicals.‎ ‎3． Avoid having too much sugar. If you crave sugary foods(like cookies or candy), it may be a sign that you need more protein(蛋白质), like meat, eggs, or fish.‎ Get some rest. Avoid holiday stress. Cut back if you have too many things to do. Make sure you have some quiet time to yourself. 4. Studies show that most teens need about nine hours of sleep each night. The average teen, though, gets only about six or seven hours of sleep per night.‎ Get help. Be cautious if you feel sad all the time and the feeling won’t go away. 5. ‎ Talk to an adult who you trust or get help from a doctor.‎ A．Eat more healthful foods.‎ B．Choose different foods in season.‎ C．Don’t be so busy that you get rundown.‎ D．Those people sometimes feel sad for no reason.‎ E．You may have a bigger problem than the winter blues.‎ F．Getting extra sunlight each day can help brighten your mood.‎ G．A regular pattern of sleep is the most important thing to maintain.‎ ‎【解题导语】　有些人的情绪会随着季节的变化而变化。本文主要介绍了五种克服冬季抑郁的方法。‎ ‎1．D　解析：根据上文中的“Some people find that when the temperature goes down, so do their spirits.”可知，有的人当温度下降时，情绪也会低落，本段主要说明了这种现象，空后叙述了具体的表现。所以D项符合语境。‎ ‎2．F　解析：根据第三段中的“Get out in the sun.”和“Some say that the decrease in sunlight can make us feel sad.”可知，F项符合语境。‎ ‎3．A　解析：根据下文中的“Avoid having too much sugar. If you crave sugary foods...fish.”可知，本段说的是健康饮食。所以选A项。‎ ‎4．C　解析：根据段首的“Get some rest.”可知，本段说的是要注意休息。故C项符合语境。‎ ‎5．E　解析：根据上文中的“Be cautious if... go away.”和下文中的“Talk to an adult who you trust or get help from a doctor.”可知，空处前后在含义上存在轻微的递进关系，结合选项可知，E项“你可能有比冬季抑郁更严重的问题”能很好地起到过渡作用。故选E项。‎ 语法填空 ‎(2019·新疆维吾尔自治区适应性检测)A report says about fifty million to seventy million Americans have sleep problems. It says many more are suffering from lack of sleep.‎ A study has examined 1. we need sleep and the effects of sleep loss. The study shows American businesses lose millions of dollars a year because of tired workers. Some ‎ ‎2. (employ) are too tired to report for work. They have more accidents or are ‎ ‎3. (little) productive at work. Other costs include increased visits 4. doctors.‎ The study finds that 20% of injuries 5. (cause) by car accidents are linked to sleepy drivers. Other studies have linked poor sleep to a risk of health problems like heart disease, depression and 6. (healthy) amounts of body fat. Researchers say the reason for this link is unclear.‎ Many experts say 7. large amount of sleep is as important to health as diet and exercise. They say most people need seven to nine hours of sleep each night. Less than that can influence 8. mental and physical abilities. It can lead to more serious problems, including severe sleeplessness. People with this condition temporarily stop 9. ‎ ‎(breathe) while they sleep.‎ Researchers suggest the public 10. (inform) of the problem and take steps to prevent sleep disorders.‎ ‎【解题导语】　充足的睡眠同饮食和健康一样重要。本文主要介绍了睡眠不足造成的影响及研究人员建议公众采取措施解决睡眠不足这一问题。‎ ‎1．why　解析：考查宾语从句。一项研究分析了为什么我们需要睡眠以及缺乏睡眠的影响。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句且从句中缺少原因状语，故填why。‎ ‎2．employees　解析：考查名词。根据空前的Some可知，空处应用名词复数。some employees“一些员工”。employee“雇员，雇工”；employer“雇主，老板”。根据语境可知，空处应填employees。‎ ‎3．less　解析：考查形容词的比较级。工作中，睡眠不足的雇员会遇到更多的事故且效率较低。根据空前的more可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。‎ ‎4．to　解析：考查介词。空前的visits为名词复数，其后常用介词to。‎ ‎5．caused　解析：考查非谓语动词。cause和它所修饰的名词injuries之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，此处表示“由汽车事故造成的伤害”，故用caused作后置定语。‎ ‎6．unhealthy　解析：考查形容词。其他研究已经把睡眠质量差与患心脏病、抑郁和不健康的体内脂肪含量等这样的健康问题的风险联系了起来。空处修饰名词amounts且和depression意义相近，故填unhealthy。‎ ‎7．a　解析：考查冠词。a large amount of是固定搭配，意为“大量，许多”，用来修饰不可数名词。‎ ‎8．both/their　解析：考查代词。少于这个时间会影响身心能力。both与后面的and构成固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”。或结合上文中的“most people”可知，此处也可用their修饰后面的名词abilities，表示“他们的身心能力”。‎ ‎9．breathing　解析：考查非谓语动词。stop doing sth.“停止做某事”，为固定用法。故填breathing。‎ ‎10．(should) be informed　解析：考查虚拟语气和语态。suggest表示“建议”，后跟宾语从句时从句中要用虚拟语气，即从句中的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，且should可以省略。另外，the public与动词inform之间是被动关系，故用其被动形式，因此填(should) be informed。‎ 短文改错 ‎(2019·江西赣中南五校联考)‎ Dear Peter，‎ I’m very glad to receive your email asking for information about the host family we have arranged you to stay with.‎ Locating in a beautiful and quiet neighborhood，the house was big enough to enable you to ‎ have a room of your own.Apart from the convenient public transportation，our private car will make your visit easy.Because all the family members can speak fluently English and have outgoing personalities，I’m sure you will have no trouble communicate with them.Above all，they hosted the American student last year，through that they gained lots of experience.In addition to，the hostess cooking will guarantee you a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food.‎ Hope you enjoy your stay there.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 答案：‎ Dear Peter，‎ I’m very glad to receive your email asking for information about the host family we have arranged you to stay with.‎ in a beautiful and quiet neighborhood，the house big enough to enable you to have a room of your own. Apart from the convenient public transportation, private car will make your visit easy. Because all the family members can speak English and have outgoing personalities，I’m sure you will have no trouble with them. Above all，they hosted American student last year，through they gained lots of experience. In addition ，the cooking will guarantee you a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food.‎ Hope you enjoy your stay there.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua