山西省大同一中2020届高三下学期模拟考试英语试题（三） Word版含解析 27页

- 1 - 2019-2020 学年山西省大同一中高三（下） 模拟英语试卷（三） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7. 5 分） 听下面 5 段对话. 每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出 最佳选 项. 听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题. 每段对话仅 读一遍. 例：How much is the shirt？A. £ 19.15.B. £ 9.18.C. £ 9.15.答案是 C. 1. Who will print out the reports？ A. Mr. Paddock. B. Miss Andrews. C. Mrs. Dalloway. 2. What does the man tell the woman？ A. She will be bored. B. It might be cold. C. She will get lost. 3. What is the main topic of the conversation？ A. Art museums. B. Outdoor gardens. C. Sunday activities. 4. What does the man want the woman's cousin to do？ A. Move out. B. Get an extra bed. C. Stay for one more month. 5. Who is the man probably？ A. A film producer. B. A writer. C. A singer. 第二节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分 22. 5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白. 每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三 个选项 - 2 - 中选出最佳选项. 听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后， 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间. 每段对话或独白读两遍. 6. （1）Where did the woman's parents get her present？ A. At a Christmas gift store. B. At an antique store. C. At a record store. （2）What does the woman say about the records？ A. They are old. B. They are expensive. C. They are small. 7. （1）What is the woman worried about？ A. The price of getting a puppy. B. The work to take care of a puppy. C. The noise the puppy would make. （2）What does the woman suggest in the end？ A. Talking with the kids. B. Doing some research first. C. Visiting an animal shelter right away. 8. （1）What is the man's final destination？ A. Salt Lake City， USA. B. New York City， USA. C. Helsinki， Finland. （2）What is the flight number for the second half of the man's journey？ A. 90. B. 980. C. 1070. （3）What request did the man make regarding his flight？ A. He requested a discount. B. He wanted a window seat. C. He asked for specially﹣prepared meals. - 3 - 9. （1）Where does the conversation take place？ A. In a living room. B. At a fashion show. C. In an office. （2）What does the man like about the coat？ A. The size. B. The colors. C. The collar. （3）What helps the woman lose weight？ A. Running. B. Swimming. C. Watching her diet. （4）How does the man react to the woman's method？ A. Surprised. B. Disappointed. C. Worried. 10. （1）What does the speaker ask the runners to do？ A. Stand in line. B. Do a practice run. C. Follow a volunteer. （2）What will be available at the stations every two miles？ A. Medical assistance. B. Reporters. C. Drinks. （3）What is forbidden in this race？ A. Headphones. B. Food. C. Photos. （4）When will the running course be taken down？ A. In the mid﹣morning. - 4 - B. At midday. C. In the early afternoon. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B. C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项. Guinness World Records Set by Kids ♦ The youngest club DJ Oratilwe A J Hongwane likes putting in more efforts when playing music for a crowd. In 2012, he became the youngest club DJ—he was five when he played a one- hour set to 100 people at a bar in South Africa. Known in the business as DJ Arch Jnr, he broke the record previously held by a six-year-old in Japan. ♦The most viewed video game-unboxing video Kids love watching someone unbox a new purchase—especially if it's something they can't get themselves. Maybe that's why more than 25 million people have watched YouTube HD. What's really cool about Evan is that he actually donates most of the toys to those in need. He also uses his popular YouTube channel to draw people's attention to worthy organizations for helping the poor. ♦The youngest drummer The rules of Guinness World Records say a drummer must record a real song and be paid for his skills and that the drummer must give at least 20 concerts of 45 minutes or longer within five years. At the age of just four Julian Pavone met all those qualifications. ♦The fastest assembly (组装)of 10,000 Lego pieces and the longest Lego chain A group of school kids in New Jersey went for their world records to increase public awareness about a fellow student who is suffering from a rare and deadly disease. The group put together 10,000 Lego pieces in just three hours, breaking the old one by five hours. They also set the record for the longest Lego chain, which ended up at 947 meters, beating the old record by 40. 1. Who is devoted to charity? A. Oratilwe A J Hongwane. B. Evan. - 5 - C. DJ Arch Jnr. D. Julian Pavone. 2. What do we know about the youngest drummer? A. He has recorded 20 real songs. B. He gave at least 20 concerts at five. C. He must earn a lot of money by recording. D. He was qualified for the Guiness World Reords at four. 3. Why did the school kids set the world record? A. To help a sick schoolmate. B. To inspire team spirit. C. To prevent a rare disease. D. To make their school famous. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文中介绍了四项由小孩创立的吉尼斯世界纪录：最年轻的俱乐部 DJ；最受 欢迎的电子游戏---拆箱视频；最年轻的鼓手；一万个乐高积木搭建速度最快的纪录以及最长 的乐高长链。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。由“The most viewed video game-unboxing video”下的“What's really cool about Evan is that he actually donates most of the toys to those in need.（关于 Evan， 更酷的是实际上他把大多数的玩具捐赠给有需要的人）”可知，Evan 是致力于慈善事业的。 “donate…to those in need（捐赠给需要的人）”与题干中的 charity（慈善）呼应，故选 B。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。由题干中的“the youngest drummer（最年轻的鼓手）”可将本题答案定位在 第三个标小题下。本段第一句描述了吉尼斯世界纪录对鼓手的要求，由第二句 “At the age of just four Julian Pavone met all those qualifications.（四岁的 Julian Pavone 满 足了那些所有要求）”可知，这名年纪最小的鼓手满足了所有要求。故选 D。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。由最后一段中的“A group of school kids in New Jersey went for their world records to increase public awareness about a fellow student who is suffering from - 6 - a rare and deadly disease.（一组学生努力去创建这个世界纪录是为了提高人们对于正在 遭受一种罕见的致命的疾病的同学的关注）”可知，这群学生创建世界纪录是为了帮助同学。 故选 A。 A letter to the editor complained about someone stringing toilet paper on their trees. That letter brought a flood of responses defending this act as being harmless to friends: “ It's an honor to get toilet papered", said one writer, “and good fun for teenagers." Reading these letters brought me chuckles (轻声笑)and then tears as they woke old memories of my mother’s ninety-second year. She was seriously ill that autumn. And I watched, powerless. A decade before, I helped her break out" of the nursing home. It was a fine place with a caring staff. But Mom didn't want skilled care: she wanted to live on her own and just needed some assistance to do so. Being in a more restrictive environment than necessary was bad for her condition. The risk paid off, and I was rewarded by seeing my mother once again enjoying her life. Ten years later, Mom's health declined, and my care-giving duties increased. One evening, for some unexplainable reason, I invited my mother to go toilet papering! This outing would push my mother to her physical limits. Was I making a mistake? Secretly we went to my brother's home. In his backyard, I handed Mom a roll of toilet paper. Without hesitation she shot it skyward Mom papered a dozen trees in four family yards that unforgettable evening. The day after our big adventure, Mom and I sent a card to each of our victim, signed “From your decorators". We laughed all the way home from the post office, like two schoolgirls. My mother's last year was marked by physical decline. However, we shared some simple fun each day. Those light-hearted moments were like a salve (慰藉)，and they are the ones I'll always remember. Toilet papering has taught us that play is powerful medicine! 4. Why did the author cry when reading the letter? A. She was blamed for toilet papering. - 7 - B. It brought her childhood memory. C. She thought of her sick mother. D. It was very stressful. 5. The author helped her leave the nursing home in order that ____. A. Mom could enjoy a free life B. Mom could get more skilled home care C. the nursing cost could be cut down D. they could avoid taking risk 6. What can we learn from the mother's experience of toilet papering? A. They did some damage to four family yards. B. They were made to apologize for their mistakes. C. Toilet papering made her illness worsened. D. Toilet papering brought them much pleasure. 7. What would be the best title for the text? A. A Letter of Complaint B. Love Between Daughter and Mother C. The Curing Power of Toilet Papering. D. An Unforgettable Evening in Family Yards 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章由读者来信抱怨有人在他们家树上挂满卫生纸一事，勾起了作者对母 亲的思念。为了让年迈的母亲开心，作者与母亲也曾做过相似的事情。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段中的“Reading these letters brought me chuckles (轻声笑)and then tears as they woke old memories of my mother’s ninety-second year.（读者这 些信件不由得让我发笑，然后泪流满面，因为它们让我想起了母亲 92 岁那年的一些陈旧的记 忆）”可知，作者哭了的原因是她想起了她当年生病的母亲。故选 C。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。由第三段中的“A decade before, I helped her break out of the nursing home. - 8 - It was a fine place with a caring staff. But Mom didn't want skilled care: she wanted to live on her own and just needed some assistance to do so. Being in a more restrictive environment than necessary was bad for her condition.（十年前，我帮妈妈离开了养老 院。那个地方有很贴心的护士。但是妈妈不需要专业的照顾：她想独自生活，只需要一些帮 助就可以。在一个超过需要的严格的环境中对她的情况不好。）”可知，作者帮助妈妈离开养 老院是为了让妈妈过更自由的生活。故选 A。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段中的“We laughed all the way home from the post office, like two schoolgirls.（我们从邮局回去的一路上都笑得很开心，像两个学生）”可知，扔 卫生纸的经历给作者和她妈妈带来很大欢乐。故选 D。 【7 题详解】 主旨大意题。这是一篇记叙文，文章中心一般会在最后一两段中指出。由文章最后一段中的 “Toilet papering has taught us that play is powerful medicine!（扔卫生纸让我们明 白开心地玩就像是一剂很有效的良药）”可知，本文强调扔纸的治愈能力。故选 C。 【点睛】主旨大意题是篇章阅读一个主要的考查方式，标题题（best title）是其一个典型 的考点，也是高考阅读中每年的必考题。主旨大意题解题技巧是不要被文章细节所干扰。一 般有两种方式解题：一是看首尾段，根据首尾段内容总结主题思想；二是看每段段首句，根 据所有段首句总结主题思想。例如本文中的第四题，这是一篇记叙文，根据文体特点可知， 记叙文一般会在文章最后点名文章中心，所以由文章最后一段中的“Toilet papering has taught us that play is powerful medicine!”可知本文的中心。故选 C。 A 23-year-old British woman has invented a product she hopes will one day replace single-use plastic. The new product is made by combining fishing waste and algae (水藻).It could be used to replace plastic bags or containers that people use once and throw away. Lucy Hughes created the material, called MarinaTex, for her final year project at the University. MarinaTex is edible, to put it in another way, it can be tasted without danger. Hughes says it is also strong and stable. But unlike plastic, MarinaTex biodegrades (生物降解)in four to six weeks under normal conditions and does not pollute the soil. The inventor said she is concerned about the growing amounts of plastics in ocean - 9 - waters. She noted one report that there would be more plastic than fish in the world's oceans by the year 2050. The United Nations estimates that 100 million tons of plastic waste has already been left in the oceans. Hughes also was investigating ways to reduce the amount of waste from the fishing industry. The industry produces an estimated 50 million tons of waste worldwide each year, UN officials say. Examining fish parts left over from processing helped to give her the idea for a material that was useful and did no harm to the environment. “Why do we need to have hundreds of man-made polymers (聚合体)when nature has so many already available?" she asked. After months of testing, Hughes produced a strong, flexible sheet that forms at temperatures below 100 degrees Celsius. Inventor James Dyson said that MarinaTex is “stronger, safer and much more sustainable (可持续的)”than plastic. It is also easier to break down. Hughes will receive about $ 41,000 prize money as the first place winner of the James Dyson Award. She plans to use the money to further develop the product and ways to mass produce it. "Further research and development will ensure that MarinaTex evolves further, and becomes part of a global answer to the abundance of single use plastic waste," Dyson said. 8. What do we know about MarinaTex? A. It is a safe seafood. B. It is a kind of waste. C. It is a new kind of plastic. D. It is a safe material that can replace plastic. 9. What does the underlined word “edible" in paragraph 2 mean? A. Useful. B. Eatable. C. Replaceable. D. Delicious. 10. What gets Hughes to creat MarinaTex? A. Her concern about the growing amount of plastic in ocean. B. Her occupational habit of trying out new things. C. Her hope to help develop the fishing industry. D. Her desire to win the prize money. 11. What can we infer from the last paragrach? - 10 - A. We need to have hundreds of MarinaTex available. B. Hughes produced MarinaTex without much effort. C. MarinaTex will be a good solution to plastic waste. D. Hughes is the first winner of the James Dyson Award. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。一位 23 岁的英国女孩发明了一种可以替代塑料的材料，被叫做 MarinaTex。 文中介绍了这种材料的制作材料、它的环保性、安全性以及制作初衷与后续的发展前景。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段中的“It could be used to replace plastic bags or containers that people use once and throw away.（它能够被用来替代制作人们用一次就扔掉的塑料 袋或包装盒）”可知，这种新型材料可以替代塑料。由第三段中的“it can be tasted without danger（食用它没有任何危险）”可知，这种新型材料是很安全的。故选 D。 【9 题详解】 词义猜测题。由划线单词后的“to put it in another way（换一种方式说）”可知，后边 半句话“it can be tasted without danger（食用它没有任何危险）”是对前半句话的解释。 所以“edible”的意思应该是“可食用的”。A. Useful 有用的； B. Eatable 可以吃的；C. Replaceable 可替代的；D. Delicious 好吃的。故选 B。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。由第三段中的“The inventor said she is concerned about the growing amounts of plastics in ocean waters.（这位发明者说她很关心海洋里逐渐增加的塑料）”可知， 这位发明者发明新材料的原因是她关心海洋里的塑料问题。故选 A。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段中 Dyson 所说的话“Further research and development will ensure that MarinaTex evolves further, and becomes part of a global answer to the abundance of single use plastic waste（进一步的研究和发明才能确保 MarinaTex 材料进 一步优化，最后使得 MarinaTex 变成解决单一用途的塑料垃圾过分使用带来的全球问题的答 案的一部分）”可知，MarinaTex 将是解决全球塑料垃圾问题的一个好方案。故选 C。 【点睛】猜测词义题在高考中有三种考查形式：生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测一句话的意 - 11 - 思、指代关系猜词（代词或者名词）。从近三年考查形势看，三种考查方式同等重要。本文中 考查的是生词猜测词义。这种题型的解法主要是在生词后找到其释义句。例如本文第二题考 查的就是词义猜测题，由句子中插入语“to put it in another way”可知，前后两个半句 话是解释与被解释的关系，所以由“it can be tasted without danger”可推知划线单词处 表达的意思是“可食用的”。据此可选出正确答案。 Britain's got talent——but we're still wasting it. That's the main finding of a new report by researchers from Oxford University. Children of similar cognitive (认知) ability have very different chances of educational success； it still depends on their parents' economic, socio-cultural and educational resources. This contradicts a commonly held view that our education system has developed enough to give everyone a fighting chance. The researchers looked at data from groups of children born in three decades: 1950s, 1970s and 1990s. They found significant evidence of a wastage of talent. Individuals with high levels of cognitive ability but with disadvantages in their social origins are unable to translate their ability into educational achievement to the same extent as their more advantaged counterparts (对照组). The research, funded by the Nuffield Foundation, found that only about half of the difference in educational achievement between children from advantaged and disadvantaged parental backgrounds is due to differences in their cognitive ability. The other half is due to other factors (因 素)associated with their backgrounds. “If we compare the educational achievement of children born in the 1990s to those in the late 1950s and early 1970s, we see that parents' economic resources have become a less important factor, but their socio-cultural and educational resources have grown in significance," says Dr. Bukodi. “That means that your parents' place in society and their own level of education still play a big part in how well you may do." These experts are now calling for policy-makers to acknowledge that formal qualifications is only one channel for upward mobility (流动性)for high-ability individuals of disadvantaged backgrounds. Dr. Bukodi says, “These findings show that there are limits to how far inequalities of opportunity can be reduced through educational policy alone. Changes in educational policy aren't having the powerful - 12 - effect we want." 12. What is the main finding of the research? A. We're wasting talent due to education system. B. Children of similar cognitive ability have different chances of educational success. C. Children's cognitive ability depends on different educational resources. D. Education system has developed enough to give chilidren a fighting chance. 13. How does the author mainly develop the text? A. By making a comparison. B. By discussing a result. C. By giving examples. D. By presenting reasons. 14. According to Dr. Bukodi, what affects children's educational achievement greatly? A. Children's cognitive ability. B. Parents' economic resouces. C. Educational policy. D. Parents' socio-cultural and educational backgrounds. 15. What is the author's attitude towards the finding of the new report? A. Favorable. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Negative. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了牛津大学研究人员发表的一份新报告的主要发现：认知能力相 似的儿童获得教育成功的机会却不同；这取决于他们父母的经济实力、社会文化和教育资源。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。由第一段中的“Britain's got talent——but we're still wasting it. That's the main finding of a new report by researchers from Oxford University. Children of similar cognitive (认知) ability have very different chances of educational success； it still depends on their parents' economic, socio-cultural and educational resources. - 13 - （英国人很有才华---但是我们还在浪费它。这是牛津大学科学家在一项研究中的新发现。相 同认知能力的孩子有不同的学业成功的机会。它依旧依赖于父母的经济、社会文化以及教育 资源）”可知，研究的主要发现是相同认知能力的孩子有不同的学业成功的机会。故选 B。 【13 题详解】 推理判断题。由文中的“The researchers looked at data from groups of children born in three decades: 1950s, 1970s and 1990s.（研究人员查看了生于三个不同年代的孩子的 数据：20 世纪 50 年代、20 世纪 70 年代、20 世纪 90 年代）”以及“If we compare the educational achievement of children born in the 1990s to those in the late 1950s and early 1970s, we see that…（如果我们对比生于 90 年代的孩子与生于 50 年代后期、70 年 代早期的孩子教育成就的数据，我们会发现……）”可知，文章采用的是对比的方法来组织 文章的。故选 A。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。由题干中的“Dr. Bukodi”可将本题答案定位在第三段。由 Dr. That means that your parents' place in society and their own level of education still play a big part in how well you may do.（这意味着父母的社会地位以及他们自己的教育水平依然在孩子能 变多好的过程中发挥着重要作用）可知，社会、文化、教育背景依然在孩子的学业成就中起 着重要作用。故选 D。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。由最后一段中的内容“这些专家现在呼吁政策制定者承认，正式的资格证书只 是家境不好的知识分子向上提升的一个渠道。Bukodi 博士说：“这些发现表明，仅仅通过教 育政策就可以减少机会不平等的程度是有限的。教育政策的变化没有产生我们想要的影响。” 可知，作者对新报告中的发现是很客观的。A. Favorable 赞许的，赞同的；B. Objective 客 观的；C. Doubtful 怀疑的；D. Negative 否认的。故选 B。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项. 选项中有两项为 多余选 项. Are you crying because you're sad or because something moves you? It's all okay. Some people try to hold back tears because they are scared it makes them seem weak, which is not a wise practice. Don't try to fight the tears, but let them flow freely, ___16___ . - 14 - 1. It gives you more support Sometimes people don't understand how much something is bothering you,___17___ . Research carried out in 2018 shows that crying is so-called attachment behavior. This means that crying makes people want to comfort you and support you. 2. ___18___ When you cry because something made you sad, the pain is often quite sharp, but you do feel relieved after you cry. That is not that strange. Researchers found out that your body produces oxytocin and endorphins when you cry. These components make people feel good and that's why you experience the sharp pain a little less intense. 3. It is said to cause less stress ___19___ , but researchers are convinced that crying can lessen stress. When you cry, your tears contain a certain concentration of stress hormones (激素). These stress hormones leave your body when you cry and researchers have developed a theory that you experience less stress after crying because of it. 4. It can improve your sight Most people know tears as the drops that pour over your cheeks when you cry, but there is also something called 'basal tears'. This is the liquid that is produced when you blink (眨眼).It keeps your eyes watery and allows you to see clearly. Sometimes your eyes can be a bit dry, ___20___. When you cry, your eyes will be wet for a little. A. It really eases the pain B. It can make you farsighted C. which makes you see a little less D. It is no use crying over spilt milk E. because crying also has four benefits F. A lot of research still has to be done G. but they suddenly understand it better when you cry 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. A 19. F 20. C 【解析】 - 15 - 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。文章给大家提出了感到悲伤或者感动时应该哭出来的四个理由。 【16 题详解】 空格位于首段段尾。由第二段以下的四个小标题可知，这句话应起到承上启下的作用。选项 E （因为哭有四个好处）与下文中四个要点呼应。故选 E。 【17 题详解】 空格位于段中。由空格位于逗号后，可知答案只能在 CEG 之间进行选择。空格前半句意思为 “有时候人们不知道你遇到的事情有多么让你烦心”，可知选项 G（但是当你哭得时候，他们 会很好的理解了）与之呼应。且选项 G 中的 they 与前半句中的 people 形成指代关系，其中 的 understand 也与上句中的 understand 呼应。故选 G。 【18 题详解】 空格位于小标题处。由空格位置以及其它三个小标题都是简短的陈述句可知，此题答案应该 也是一个简短的陈述句。由段中的“lessen stress（减少压力）”与 These components make people feel good and that's why you experience the sharp pain a little less intense （这些成分能让人们感觉好一些，这也是为什么你会感觉伤痛减轻一些的原因）可知，这段 内容与“缓解伤痛”有关。选项 A“It really eases the pain（它真的可以减轻伤痛）”与 段落内容相符合。故选 A。 【19 题详解】 空格位于段首。由这句话中的 but 可知前后句之间是转折关系。由后半句句意为“但是研究 人员相信哭能减轻压力”，可知选项 F（虽然还需要做很多研究）与其内容一致。故选 F。 【20 题详解】 空格位于段中。由本段小标题“It can improve your sight（它能改善你的视力）”可知， 这段话内容都与视力有关。由前半句“Sometimes your eyes can be a bit dry（有时你的 眼睛会有点干）”可知，选项 C（这会使得你看不清楚）即与本句话内容一致，也与段落小标 题内容一致。故选 C。 【点睛】七选五题目主要考查学生综合的英语逻辑思维能力。一篇好的短文，不仅在内容上 要前后一致，而且还要语篇结构清晰，上下文逻辑意义严谨。内容的前后一致体现在段内及 语篇内话题的自然过渡。语篇结构主要体现为：文章是总分结构，还是按时间或空间顺序发 展的，还是辩证三段论的编排的。逻辑意义的严谨最主要的可以通过代词、连词和副词等形 式来体现。例如本文通过看首段及后续段落首句可知：是总分总的形式。本题中的第一题和 - 16 - 第三题就是利用篇章结构解题。第二题和第四题利用句子之间的前后呼应关系解题。第五题 利用段落内容与小标题的一致性解题。具体解题步骤参看详解。所以拿到一篇文章，同学们 首先要根据篇章类型与空格位置推断使用什么方法解题，有助于加快解题速度。 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑. The other day I was shopping at a local store and came upon a lady from India squatting (蹲)on the floor ___21___ a certain product on the bottom shelf. She ___22___when she saw me as if to get out of my way. ___23___ , she explained that she was a ___24___ and on her lunch break, trying to ___25___ a few needed items. I told her, “I am in no hurry. ___26___and do what you need to do. ” While she searched for a particular brand, she said that sometimes customers were ___27___ to her and she really ___28___ my kindness. I told her that I had noticed cashiers being treated rudely by some people and they needed to be more ___29___. It is stressful to the cashier when people are ___30___ at them when the cashier is doing the best they know how. I explained to her that I was a retired nurse and ___31___some of what she was saying. Sometimes patients or doctors could be very rude. But I ___32___ to understand why they were___33___ that way and let it go. She thanked me for being so ___34___ and friendly. I told her, “The world would be a better place if we all acted ___35___ toward each other. Those who are rude may have bad karma (报应)coming after them ___36___ for treating people badly. She nodded and said it was ___37___ that I knew what karma was. It felt so good that I may have helped her ___38___ the pressure for even a few seconds. In a brief ___39___ I showed her there are good and kind people in the world and may have boosted (增强)her faith in ___40___ . 21. A. looking for B. looking into C. pulling apart D. pulling down 22. A. bent B. passed C. jumped D. ran 23. A. Tentatively B. Honestly C. Apologetically D. Unwillingly - 17 - 24. A. manager B. student C. teacher D. cashier 25. A. get B. put C. mark D. show 26. A. Calm down B. Go ahead C. Keep up D. Try on 27. A. patient B. good C. kind D. rude 28. A. accepted B. appreciated C. remembered D. expected 29. A. considerate B. helpful C. honest D. careful 30. A. nodding B. glancing C. glaring D. smiling 31. A. heard B. ignored C. understood D. did 32. A. happened B. tried C. intended D. forgot 33. A. crying B. fighting C. shopping D. feeling 34. A. cool B. nice C. humorous D. generous 35. A. kindly B. coldly C. differently D. equally 36. A. frequently B. eventually C. regularly D. seldom 37. A. puzzling B. satisfying C. frightening D. amazing 38. A. reduce B. realize C. find D. increase 39. A. interview B. speech C. exchange D. lecture 40. A. peace B. future C. truth D. humanity 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. D 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。作者在附近小店购物时偶遇了一名做收银员的印度妇女蹲在地板上在货架 最底层找某种商品。那位妇女很是抱歉，但是经过作者与她交谈，她感到了被理解，作者也 为自己能缓解对方的压力而感到欣慰。 【21 题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：有一天，我在当地一个小店购物时，看到一位印度的妇女蹲在地板上 在货架最底层找某种商品。A. looking for 寻找；B. looking into 调查；C. pulling apart 撕开；D. pulling down 下拉。这个空格与第二段中的“searched for a particular brand （寻找一个特定的品牌）”中的动词呼应，故选 A。 【22 题详解】 - 18 - 考查动词辨析。句意：她看到我时跳了起来好像是给我让路。A. bent 把……弄弯；B. passed 传递；C. jumped 跳；D. ran 跑开。根据常识，这位印度妇女挡住了作者的路，所以她会跳 起来让路。且由下文中她与作者的对话可知，这名妇女没有跑开。故选 C。 【23 题详解】 考查副词辨析。句意：她很抱歉地向我解释道，她是一名收银员，现在午饭间隙，她在找几 件必需品。A. Tentatively 尝试性地，暂时性地；B. Honestly 诚实地；C. Apologetically 抱歉地；D. Unwillingly 勉强地，违心地。由句中的“explained（解释）”可知，这位印度 妇女感到很抱歉。故选 C。 【24 题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意同上。A. manager 经理；B. student 学生；C. teacher 老师；D. cashier 收银员。此空格与下文中提到的“cashiers”及“the cashier”呼应。故选 D。 【25 题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意同上。A. get 得到；B. put 放；C. mark 标记；D. show 展示。此空格 与上文中第一个空格及第二段中的“searched for a particular brand（寻找一个特定的品 牌）”中的动词呼应，说明这名妇女想得到一些必需品。故选 A。 【26 题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我告诉她：“我不急。你继续做你需要做的事情。” A. Calm down（使） 平静下来；B. Go ahead 继续；C. Keep up（与……）齐步前进；D. Try on 试穿，试戴。由 句中的“do what you need to do（做你需要做的事情）”可知，作者让这位妇女继续。故 选 B。 【27 题详解】 考查形容词辨析。句意：当她找东西的时候，她说有时候顾客对她很粗鲁，她真的很感谢我 的好心。A. patient 耐心的；B. good 好的；C. kind 善良的；D. rude 粗鲁的。 这句话中空格处单词与句中的 kind 形成对比关系，且与后边的“Sometimes patients or doctors could be very rude.（有时病人或者医生也会很粗鲁）”中的形容词呼应，故选 D。 【28 题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意同上。A. accepted 接受；B. appreciated 欣赏，感谢；C. remembered 记住；D. expected 期望。由下文中的“She thanked me（她感谢了我）”可知，这名妇女很 感谢作者。故选 B。 【29 题详解】 - 19 - 考查形容词辨析。句意：我告诉她我看到过收银员有时被粗鲁地对待，并且那些人需要更加 善解人意。A. considerate 考虑周到的，为(他人)着想的；B. helpful 愿意帮忙的；C. honest 诚实的；D. careful 细心的。由句中的“cashiers being treated rudely by some people（收银员被一些人粗鲁地对待）”可知，这些人应该更加善解人意一点。故选 A。 【30 题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：对于收银员来说，当她尽力做得最好的时候，别人还对她怒目而视， 是很有压力的。A. nodding 点头；B. glancing 瞥一眼，匆匆一看；C. glaring 怒目而视；D. smiling 笑。由句中的“It is stressful to the cashier（对收银员来说是很有压力的）” 可知，别人对她不好。故选 C。 【31 题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：我告诉她我是一名退休的护士，很能理解她所说的事情。A. heard 听 见；B. ignored 忽视；C. understood 理解；D. did 做。根据句意作者是一名退休护士， 对那位妇女的话很理解，且空格处单词与本段最后一句中的 understand 呼应。故选 C。 【32 题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：但是我试着理解他们为什么那样感觉的原因并且不把它放心上。A. happened to do sth. 碰巧做某事；B. tried to do sth.尝试做某事；C. intended to do sth. 计划做某事；D. forgot to do sth. 忘记做某事。根据句意，当病人或医生对护士粗鲁时， 她会试着去理解别人。故选 B。 【33 题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意同上。A. crying 哭；B. fighting 打架；C. shopping 购物；D. feeling 感受。由上句话可知，有时病人或者医生会很粗鲁。空格处单词的逻辑主语是 they，指代那 些病人或医生，所以作者是试图理解他们为什么感到生气，从而行为粗鲁。故选 D。 【34 题详解】 考查形容词辨析。句意：她感谢我如此善良又友好。A. cool 酷；B. nice 善良；C. humorous 幽默的；D. generous 大方的。此空格与上文中的“appreciated my kindness”呼应。故选 B。 【35 题详解】 考查副词辨析。句意：如果我们很友好地对待别人，这个世界会变得更好。A. kindly 友好地； B. coldly 冷淡地；C. differently 不同地；D. equally 平等地。由尝试可知，只有我们友 好地对待别人，世界才会变得更好，且这里的“友好地”与上文中多次出现的 rude 形成反义 - 20 - 呼应。故选 A。 【36 题详解】 考查副词辨析。句意：那些粗鲁的人最终会因为他们的粗鲁而受到报应。A. frequently 频繁 地；B. eventually 最终地；C. regularly 常常地；D. seldom 很少地。根据这句话的意 思，最终那些人会受到报应。故选 B。 【37 题详解】 考查形容词辨析。句意：她点头并对我知道什么是报应感到很惊讶。A. puzzling 使困惑的； B. satisfying 令人满意（或满足）的；C. frightening 使害怕的；D. amazing 令人大 为惊奇的。根据句意，那位妇女对作者说出的报应很是感到惊奇，故选 D。 【38 题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：我能帮她减轻几秒钟的压力我很高兴。A. reduce 减少；B. realize 意识到；C. find 发现；D. increase 增加。由上文中作者很理解那位妇女的话，那位妇女很 感激作者，可知，作者减少了她的压力。故选 A。 【39 题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：在简短的交流中我让她意识到这个世界上有好的，善良的人，增加了 她对人性的信心。A. interview 面试；B. speech 演讲；C. exchange 交流；D. lecture 讲 座。由上文作者与那位女士的对话可知，她们进行了简短的交流。故选 C。 【40 题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意同上。A. peace 和平；B. future 未来；C. truth 真相，实情；D. humanity 人性。这个空格与本文主旨呼应，根据文章内容可知文章讨论文好人与粗鲁的人，所以对话 的结果是增加了那位妇女对人性的信息，相信世界上有好的善良的人。故选 D。 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries are working together ___41___ (record) and collect digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves, which were a key stop ___42___ the Silk Road throughout China's ancient history. Nearly 500,000 high quality digital photographs ___43___( produce) since the international project started in 1994. The Mogao Caves ___44___(study) in many countries have long been a meeting point for different cultures. Today the caves are just as international as they were at - 21 - the time___45___people travelled the Silk Road. Tourists from all over the world visit Dunhuang to see the caves, and the Getty Museum in Los Angeles has reproduced a copy of the caves and___46___(paint) for people to admire in America. By sharing so many digital photos over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even ___47___(wide) interest around the world in China's ancient history, culture, and traditions.___48___one researcher who is working on the project explains, “___49___(appreciate) one's own cultural heritage is very important for understanding oneself. Recognizing the cultural heritage of other countries ___50___ (do) good to international communication and understanding." 【答案】41. to record 42. along 43. have been produced 44. studied 45. when 46. paintings 47. wider 48. As 49. Appreciating 50. does 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了莫高窟文物数字图像采集工作的进程、历史重要性以及采集来 的数字图像的用途。 【41 题详解】 考查不定式。句意：从中国和其他一些国家来的科学家正在一起工作，来记录和收集莫高窟 文物数字图像，莫高窟曾是中国历史上丝绸之路上的一个重要驿站。空格处单词表达科学家 们一起努力工作的目的，所以使用不定式作目的状语。故填 to record。 【42 题详解】 考查介词。句意同上。根据句意，莫高窟是沿着丝绸之路上一个重要驿站。“沿着”可翻译 为 along，所以应填 along。 【43 题详解】 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：自从 1994 年这个国际项目开始后，大约已经生成五十万 份高质量的数字影像。由 since 可知，这句话应使用现在完成时。主语 digital photographs 与 produce 之间是被动关系，所以应使用被动语态。且主语是复数形式，故填 have been - 22 - produced。 【44 题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：很多国家都研究的莫高石窟已经是不同文化之间的一个交集点。这句 话的位于动词是 have been，所以空格处应填非谓语动词。主语 The Mogao Caves 与 study 之 间是被动关系，所以使用过去分词作定语。故填 studied。 【45 题详解】 考查定语从句的关系词。句意：现在这些石窟就像当年人们走丝绸之路时一样具有国际性。 这是一个定语从句，先行词为 the time，且先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以关系词用 when。 故填 when。 【46 题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：世界各地的游客来敦煌看石窟，洛杉矶盖蒂博物馆复印了这些石窟和 画，让人们在美国就可以欣赏。“and”前后连接两个并列的连词，由 caves 可知，空格处也 应填名词。“paint（画画）”的名词形式为 painting，且我们知道莫高石窟的壁画不只是一 个，所以填名词的复数形式。故填 paintings。 【47 题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：通过在网上分享这些数字影像，这个小组的成员希望提高世界各 地的人们对中国历史、文化、传统更广泛的兴趣。空格位于名词前，应用形容词形式。even 修饰形容词的比较级，故填 wider。 【48 题详解】 考查状语从句的连词。句意：正如从事这个项目的一名研究员所说的：“欣赏自己的文化遗 产对于了解自己是很重要的。欣赏其它国家的文化遗产对国际交流和文化遗产很重要。”根 据句意，这是一个方式状语从句，“正如”可翻译为 as，故填 As。 【49 题详解】 考查动名词作主语。句意同上。根据句意，空格处单词作主语，且空格处单词与其后边单词 还有主谓关系，所以空格处应填动名词。故填 Appreciating。 【50 题详解】 考查主谓一致。句意同上。句子主语是 Recognizing the cultural heritage of other countries，是动名词形式作主语，所以句子谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故填 does。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） - 23 - 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文 中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或 修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号((∧)),并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 Recently I found a couple of donation box in my living community. People come to it when they have clothes they don't wear. The donation box, I think, is of great useful. I have a lot of clothes which don't fit for me any longer. I have no idea before about how to deal with the clothes that are real new and still in good condition. Now I know how to do next. I will donate them or help those people in need. So I think the donation box is good idea that lights up our life and make the world a better place to live in. 【答案】box→boxes it→them useful→use 去掉 for have→had real→really how→what or→and is 后面加上 a make→makes 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者看到小区内的两个捐赠箱，引发的一些感想。作者认为捐 赠箱是一个很好的主意，能让世界变得更美好。 【详解】1. 考查名词的数。句意：最近我在小区内发现了两个捐赠箱。“box（箱子）”是 可数名词，用 a couple of（两个）修饰时，应使用名词的复数形式。故将 box 改为 boxes。 - 24 - 2．考查人称代词。句意：当人们有不穿的衣服的时候，人们就来到它们这里。这里的代词指 代上句中提到的 a couple of donation boxes，所以应使用复数意义的代词。故将 it 改为 them。 3．考查名词短语。句意：我认为，捐赠箱有很大的用途。“be of great use”意为“非常 有用”，为固定搭配。故将 useful 改为 use。 4．考查动词短语。句意：我有很多不再适合我的衣服。表达“某物适合某人”可以表达为 “sth. fit sb.”或“sth. be fit for sb.”，本句话中 fit 前没有 be 动词，所以去掉 fit 后的 for。 5．考查一般过去时。句意：我以前不知道如何处理那些不穿了的，但是真的还很新并且保存 的很好的衣服。由句中的“before（以前）”可知，这句话前半句应使用一般过去时。故将 have 改为 had。 6．考查副词。句意同上。“new（新的）”为形容词，应用副词修饰。故将 real 改为 really。 7．考查宾语从句连接词。句意：现在我知道下一步该做什么了。`这是一个宾语从句，从句 也缺宾语，所以连接词使用 what。故将 how 改为 what。 8．考查并列连词。句意：我将捐赠它们，帮助那些有需要的人。“donate”与“help”之间 是并列关系。故将 or 改为 and。 9．考查不定冠词。句意：我认为捐赠箱是一个好主意，它能点亮我们的生活，让这个世界变 成更加适合生存的地方。“idea（主意）”是一个可数名词，且其在本文中第一次出现，所 以应在 is 后加 a。 10．考查主谓一致。句意同上。这句话中 and 前后连接两个并列的短语，句子主语 the donation box（捐赠箱）使用的是第三人称单数，且 make 与 is 是并列的谓语，由主语及 is 可知，make 处也应使用第三人称单数形式。故将 make 改为 makes。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 52.假如你是李华，听闻你的笔友 Tom 所在城市伦敦开展 Books on the underground（丢书大 作战）的读书活动，你很感兴趣，请你给他写一封信，内容包括： 1. 谈谈你对阅读的看法； 2. 分享一本对你影响最大的书. 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； ________________________________________________________________________________ - 25 - ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Tom, How is everything going? The movement “Books on the underground” is being carried out in London, which arouses my great interest. So I am writing to share my ideas about reading with you. As for me, reading is just like talking with a learned person. It is universally acknowledged that reading lays a solid foundation for further learning. Besides, a wide range of reading can broaden our horizons and open our eyes to new possibilities. When it comes to the books I love most, A Global History has had a far-reaching influence on me. It gives the history of the world from the historical age to modern times. Not only has it incredibly enlarged my knowledge, but also got me enthusiastic about history. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。 【详解】第 1 步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封书信：假如你是李华，听闻你的笔友 Tom 所在 城市伦敦开展 Books on the underground（丢书大作战）的读书活动，你很感兴趣，请你给 他写一封信，内容包括：1. 谈谈你对阅读的看法；2. 分享一本对你影响最大的书。 第 2 步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：being carried out in London（在伦敦进 行）；arouses my great interest（引起了我极大的兴趣）；like talking with a learned person （就像和一个有学问的人交谈一样）；等。 第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第 4 步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。 - 26 - 【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句 式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级句子。The movement “Books on the underground” is being carried out in London, which arouses my great interest.句 中使用现在进行时态的被动语态和 which 引导的非限制性定语从句；It is universally acknowledged that reading lays a solid foundation for further learning.句中使用强 调句型；When it comes to the books I love most, A Global History has had a far-reaching influence on me.句中使用固定句式；Not only has it incredibly enlarged my knowledge, but also got me enthusiastic about history.部分倒装用在句中运用。 - 27 -