2020届一轮复习外研版必修4Module1LifeintheFuture单元作业（12页 12页

‎2020届一轮复习外研版必修4 Module 1 Life in the Future单元作业 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2019·石家庄高三质检)‎ Uber Uber is available in over 70 cities throughout 40 countries worldwide. You can either choose a typical Uber unmarked car or a regular taxi. The app can show you where drivers are, so you know how long you'll be waiting. You can also get fare quotes (报价) in advance. Your payment source is linked to the app and is automatically charged, so no physical money is ever needed.‎ Lyft Lyft is a service that is also available in many large cities in the US. However, it offers something different, one of which is Lyft Line. With this service, you can find people that take the same route on a daily basis as you and split the fare with them. Lyft's regular service lets you easily see where rides are, catch one, and easily pay right within the app.‎ Easy Taxi Easy Taxi is available in 86 cities across 26 countries and lets you quickly browse through maps and find locations you'd like to be picked up at. From there, just make sure there are taxis in your area. Confirm your ride and then pay for it within the Easy Taxi app. Once you book a ride, you should see the taxi's plate number and phone number appear on the map, making it easy for you to pick out both the car and the driver.‎ Curb Curb, formerly Taxi Magic, is currently available in around 60 cities across the United States as well as select cities in the United Kingdom,‎ ‎ Canada, and Mexico. It ties in with taxi companies and their drivers. As your taxi makes its way to your location, you'll be able to track its progress inside the app. You can link a payment account to Curb to pay your fare through the app. You can also pay in cash.‎ ‎1．Which app is available in the most countries?‎ A．Uber.　　　　　　　　 B．Lyft.‎ C．Easy Taxi. D．Curb.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。通读全文可知，文章每一段的第一句都介绍了不同软件的使用范围，Uber可以在40个国家使用，Lyft可以在美国的很多大城市使用，Easy Taxi可以在26个国家使用，Curb可以在美国、英国、加拿大、墨西哥使用。据此可知，可使用Uber软件的国家最多，故A项正确。‎ ‎2．What's the special service of Lyft?‎ A．You can pay the fare in cash.‎ B．You can see where your ride is.‎ C．You can get fare quotes in advance.‎ D．You can find someone to share the fare.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段的“With this service, you can find people that take the same route on a daily basis as you and split the fare with them.”可知，使用Lyft软件的特别之处是你可以找到与你同路的人分担路费，故D项正确。‎ ‎3．What do the four apps have in common?‎ A．They are available worldwide.‎ B．They are tied to taxi companies.‎ C．They allow users to pay via app.‎ D．They can identify your location.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，可以使用Uber软件支付；根据第二段最后一句可知，可以使用Lyft软件支付；根据第三段第三句可知，可以使用Easy Taxi软件支付；根据第四段最后两句可知，可以使用Curb软件支付，也可以用现金支付。据此可以判断，四个软件的相同之处是都可以用软件支付费用。‎ B A couple of months ago, we were in a hurry to get somewhere, but it seemed that my 6yearold daughter had an instinctive (本能的) capacity to slow things down. In response I had become impatient, frustrated and unkind. As I unloaded my apology, she said, “Mom, it's OK. You've never been a mom before. This is your first time. You're just trying. It's OK.”‎ Her response made me feel ashamed. She had been able to give me what I had refused to give her just moments before — mercy, understanding and sympathy. And I needed it. We all do. In fact, there may be nothing more needed today in our nation and communities. ‎ It's no wonder that former Westboro Baptist Church member Megan has transformed her idea. She spent 20 years representing her family's beliefs with messages of hate towards blacks, Jews and those who support abortion. When she finally started being able to engage in (参与) civil dialog with her “enemies”， she found that “people on the other side were not the ones I had been led to believe ...” Finally, she left the faith of her family. What surprised her most was the forgiveness and understanding she experienced from those who had been her former “enemies”．‎ My experience with my daughter teaches me that the ability to ‎ engage “with the other”， to form a judgment, to avoid tough judgements, and to show sympathy is learned first, and practiced best, at home — even if, as in my case, it is my children who teach me the lesson. Researchers believe the key to developing those abilities in our children lies in how we respond to their feelings, especially the negative ones.‎ We should all make efforts to create a world where we are all better able to take the perspective (观点) of others, stay away from tough judgments and recognize and respect the humanity in the souls around us. This desire makes my own struggling to be better worth all the efforts every day.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要介绍了作者在对女儿道歉时，受到女儿回答的影响，意识到我们需要同情和理解对方。‎ ‎4．What did the author think of her daughter's reaction?‎ A．Her daughter was not so kind.‎ B．Her daughter did better than her.‎ C．Her daughter's words annoyed her.‎ D．Her daughter should make an apology.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段中作者对女儿道歉时女儿的答语可知B项正确。‎ ‎5．The author mentions the example of Megan in order to ________.‎ A．show that blacks and Jews are treated unfairly B．judge whether what Megan did was right or not C．show that there are no forever enemies in our life D．prove that people should show understanding to each other　‎ 解析：‎ 选D　推理判断题。作者列举梅甘的例子是为了证明自己前面提到的以及后面还要重复强调的观点，即我们要学会站在对方的角度去看待问题，亦即人们之间要互相理解。‎ ‎6．Why did Megan change her attitude towards her former “enemies”？‎ A．Because she forgave them at last.‎ B．Because she knew them better later.‎ C．Because she made herself understood by them.‎ D．Because she felt great sympathy towards them.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，梅甘之所以把那些人当成敌人，是因为她并没有真正了解那些人，后来通过了解之后发现他们并不是自己以前认为的那样。‎ ‎7．What's the author's attitude toward our future?‎ A．Hopeful. B．Doubtful.‎ C．Cautious. D．Worried.‎ 解析：选A　观点态度题。根据最后一段作者说我们要努力创造一个更好地对待别人的世界，远离不公正的判断和尊重周围的人可以看出，作者对未来是抱有希望的。‎ C Stephen Hawking Warns Humans Must Leave Earth Soon Professor Stephen Hawking recently came out with a serious warning for people. While at the Starmus Festival, a festival in Trondheim, Norway, celebrating science and the arts, Hawking warned people that the human race is in serious danger.‎ Hawking criticized President Donald Trump for denying climate change. Then the physicist warned the audience, “I am not denying the importance of fighting climate change and global warming, unlike Donald Trump, who may just have taken the most serious and wrong ‎ decision on climate change this world has seen.”‎ Hawking proposed that the leading countries should send astronauts to the Moon before 2020 to restart a movement of more exploration in space. The BBC reported that Hawking suggested that we “build a lunar base in 30 years' time and send people to Mars by 2025”．‎ According to the BBC, Professor Hawking said, “Spreading out into space will completely change the future of humanity.” He continued, “I hope it would unite competitive nations in a single goal to face the common challenge for us all.” The physicist shared more ideas to motivate the younger generation to continue exploring space. Hawking stated, “A new and ambitious space program would excite (young people), and stimulate interest in other areas, such as astrophysics (天体物理学) and cosmology (宇宙学)．”‎ Hawking also revealed his vision of other forms of energy that could move us to a new planet. He warned the audience, “The Earth is under threat from so many areas that it is difficult for me to be positive.” He continued, “Our natural resources are being drained at an alarming rate. We have given our planet the disastrous gifts of climate change, rising temperatures, reduction of the polar ice caps, deforestation (滥伐森林), and decimation (大批杀死) of animal species. We can be an ignorant and unthinking (考虑不周的) lot.”‎ The professor warned the audience that doing nothing would lead nowhere. He said, “If we succeed we will send a probe (航天探测器) to Alpha Centauri within the lifetime of some of you alive today. It is clear that we are entering a new space age. We are standing at the threshold (开端) of a new era. Human colonization and moving to other planets is no longer science fiction, and it can be science fact.” Hawking advised the audience to move to other worlds because we are running out ‎ of space.‎ 语篇解读：文章引用了世界知名物理学及天文学家霍金的观点，阐明了人类必须离开地球在太空中找一处新家的原因。‎ ‎8．According to Hawking, what is the first step for humans to spread out into space?‎ A．To send people to Mars.‎ B．To build a lunar base.‎ C．To send astronauts to the Moon.‎ D．To change the future of humanity.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。由文章第三段的第一句可知，人类要向太空扩展应在2020年之前把宇航员送到月球以重启太空探索，故选C。‎ ‎9．The underlined word “drained” in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by “________”．‎ A．speeded up B．stored C．used up D．explored 解析：选C　词义猜测题。由该词前面的“natural resources”和后面的“at an alarming rate”可以推断出，drain在这里是“用完，耗尽”的意思，故选C。‎ ‎10．What is Hawking's attitude towards the Earth's future?‎ A．Pessimistic. B．Confused.‎ C．Positive. D．Indifferent.‎ 解析：选A　观点态度题。由文章中反复出现的“warned”以及第五段的内容可以推断出，霍金对地球的未来持悲观的态度，这也是他提出人类要离开地球的原因，故选A。‎ ‎11．The reason why humans must leave the Earth soon is that ‎ ________.‎ A．the Earth is under threat and the human race is in serious danger B．humans have found other forms of energy to move to a new planet C．a new and ambitious space program would excite young people D．astronauts have found a better world in space than the Earth 解析：选A　细节理解题。由第一段的第二句和第五段的第二句可知，人类必须离开地球的原因是：人类处于危险之中，地球受到威胁，故选A。‎ D ‎(2019·成都市诊断性检测)What are your retirement plans? Keep working? Get more exercise? Or learn something new? You may put_them_on_hold. There's a chance that, sooner or later, you might have to move further than you were thinking, as far as Mars (火星)．‎ On Thursday, National Geographic will show the first ever Mars show home, giving earthlings an idea of what their life could look like on the Red Planet. Set in the notsodistant year of 2037, the iglooshaped structure could be the home of your future.‎ It shows a house built using recycled spacecraft parts and Martian soil, called regolith, which has been microwaved into bricks. Some parts of the home are recognisable — kitchen, bedroom — but there are fundamental differences that are vital for human survival.‎ As the Martian atmosphere is around one hundredth as thick as the Earth's, people will need permanent shelter from the sun and society will move largely indoors. Most buildings will be connected by underground passages and the houses won't have windows. The homes will have simulated solar lighting, or natural light that has been bent several times.‎ Walls will need to be 10 to 12 feet thick, to protect people from ‎ dangerous rays that can pass through six feet of steel, and a double airlocked entrance to keep the home under proper pressure.‎ ‎“We don't think of our houses as things that keep us alive, but on Mars your house will be a survival centre，” says Stephen Petranek, author of How We'll Live on Mars. This is not just the stuff of scifi. “Ten to twenty years from now there will certainly be people on Mars，” Petranek says.‎ ‎“We've had the technology for 30 years to land people on Mars, but we haven't had the will，” Petranek says. “But two main factors have completely swung public attitudes.”‎ The private companies' participation has forced government agencies to up their game, and influential films such as Gravity and The Martian have caught society's eye.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要对人类未来在火星上居住作了一些介绍。‎ ‎12．What can we know about the show home from the text?‎ A．It has no windows or doors due to security concern.‎ B．Its design presents the idea of environmental protection.‎ C．It has thick walls keeping the home under proper pressure.‎ D．Its underground passages connect all the buildings together.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第三段的第一句可推知，火星样板房的设计采用了可回收的宇宙飞船上的一些部件，体现了环保意识，故选B。‎ ‎13．What do the underlined words “put them on hold” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?‎ A．Put them off. B．Give them away.‎ C．Carry them through. D．Take them seriously.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第一段的最后一句可推知，之前的列举都可能被搁置下来，而去火星居住迟早会成为可能，故选A。‎ ‎14．According to Petranek, what has sped up the process of sending people to Mars?‎ A．The great influence of Mars show home.‎ B．The development of related technology.‎ C．The competition from private companies.‎ D．The popularity of influential books on Mars.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The private companies' participation has forced government agencies to up their game”可知，Petranek认为一些私人企业的参与促进了送人类去火星居住这一设想的进程，故选C。‎ ‎15．What is the best title for the text?‎ A．Living on Mars: Possible or Not B．Sending People to Mars: Yes or No C．First Ever Show Home: How Is It Made D．Future Home on Mars: What Will It Be like 解析：选D　标题归纳题。根据全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要对人类未来在火星上居住作了一些介绍，故选D。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎(2019·广东省七校联合体联考)It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others. __1__ If you have done all your best to avoid conflicts and you are still arguing, then read these effective tips on how to avoid conflicts.‎ Don't get in the center of the conflict.‎ Sometimes people can get in the center of conflicts due to their enthusiasm for offering help. Frankly speaking, it is very unwise, because it can make you the main figure of the conflict. __2__ You should focus on your own life issues.‎ Be kind.‎ ‎__3__ Life is full of conflicts and disagreements, and that's why you should find more conservative ways of dealing with them. For example, kindness can lessen the conflict.‎ Try to be a peacekeeper.‎ Peacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even conflicts. “__4__” This saying is the life motto of a naturalborn peacekeeper. Don't worry if you are not a naturalborn peacekeeper; you can gain this skill during life.‎ Walk off.‎ When the conflict is gathering pace and you can't manage to control yourself, you should choose to handle the situation in another way. By all means, try to keep yourself away from stress. __5__ You should get away from the situation for a while.‎ A．The greatest victory is a battle not fought.‎ B．Conflicts are unavoidable, so try to accept them.‎ C．Weak people usually desire others to offer help and support.‎ D．Let other people solve their problems without your presence.‎ E．It is helpful to put some distance between yourself and the opponent.‎ F．When someone pushes you to the limit, try to act kindly towards this person.‎ G．Arguing can either break your friendship or affect your ‎ relationship to some degree.‎ ‎1．选G　根据上文可知，尽量避免冲突是十分有必要的；据此可以判断，此处承上启下，介绍冲突的严重危害，引出文章主题，故G项正确。‎ ‎2．选D　根据空格后一句“You should focus on your own life issues.”可知，作者建议把注意力集中在自己的事情上；据此可以判断，空格处建议“让其他人自己解决他们自己的问题”，故D项符合文意。‎ ‎3．选F　根据该段标题“Be kind.”可知，该段主要阐述“和善待人”的建议，这与F项中的“try to act kindly towards this person”照应，故F项符合文意。‎ ‎4．选A　根据空格后一句“This saying is the life motto of a naturalborn peacekeeper.”可以判断，此处是调解人的一句格言。A项意为“最伟大的胜利是一场没有战斗的斗争”，符合文意，故A项正确。‎ ‎5．选E　根据空格前一句“By all means, try to keep yourself away from stress.”可知，这里作者建议要远离冲突，离开对手；据此可知E项符合文意。‎