2019版一轮复习英语译林版必修六Unit1Laughterisgoodforyou单元学案设计（43页） 52页

‎2019版一轮复习英语译林版必修六Unit1 Laughter is good for you单元学案设计 ‎ 文学与艺术之(一)——喜剧艺术 ‎ [一积词汇见多识广]　‎ ‎[课内单词回扣]‎ ‎(一)阅读词汇写其义 ‎1．comedy n．喜剧　　　2.tease vt.取笑；揶揄；戏弄 ‎3．affection n．喜爱，钟爱 4.initial adj.最初的n.首字母 ‎5．bow vi.& vt.鞠躬；(使)弯曲n.鞠躬 6.dash vi.急奔n.急奔；匆忙 ‎7．tear vt.撕，扯 8.glare vi.怒目而视；发出炫目的光 ‎9．cosy adj.暖和舒适的，惬意的 10.polish vt.提高；修改；润色 ‎(二)表达词汇写其形 ‎1．stage n．舞台；阶段，时期　2.guarantee vt.& n．保证；担保 ‎3．attain vt.获得；得到 4.pile n．摞；垛；堆 ‎5．positive adj.积极的；肯定的 6.invitation n．邀请 ‎7．crowded adj.拥挤的 8.burst vi.猛冲；突然出现；爆裂 ‎(三)拓展词汇灵活用 ‎*1.variety n．(同一事物)不同种类；多种样式→various adj.各种各样的；多方面的→vary v．变化；改变 ‎　2.behave vi.& vt.表现→behaviour n．行为；表现 ‎*3.perform vt.& vi.演出，表演，做，履行；工作，运转→performance n．表演；演出；表现，业绩→performer n．表演者；演员 ‎　4.technical adj.技术的；技能的→technique n．技术，技巧；技能→technically adv.技巧上，与技术有关地→technician n．技师，技术人员 ‎*5.amuse vt.逗笑，逗乐；提供(消遣)，(使)娱乐→amusement n．消遣，娱乐，乐趣→amusing adj.引人发笑的→amused adj.愉快的；被逗乐的 ‎*6.strengthen vt.& vi.增强；巩固→strength n．力量，力气→strong adj.坚强的，强壮的 ‎*7.participate vi.参加，参与→participation n．参加，参与→participant n．参加者，参与者 ‎*8.instruct vt.教授；指示，命令；告知→instruction n．教授；指示；说明→instructive adj.有教育意义的；有启发性的→instructor n．教练，导师 ‎　9.anger n．怒，怒火，怒气→angry adj.发怒的→angrily adv.气愤地 用上面加*号的单词的适当形式填空 ‎1．There are various goods in the new supermarket, and the prices vary from cents to dollars. The variety of them attracts many customers.‎ ‎2．Recently, Samuel, an American Jazz performer succeeded in performing a piece at his college. The audience were impressed by his amazing performance.‎ ‎3．To the audience's amusement,_the actor's amusing performance really amused them and they all felt amused.‎ ‎4．You are not strong and you'd better strengthen with rich food. Then you'll have enough strength to work.‎ ‎5．Nearly 60 participants from Beijing and neighboring areas participated in the competition.‎ ‎6．In the live courses, students and an instructor meet in the online classrooms for instruction.‎ ‎[话题单词积累]‎ ‎1．inspiration /ˌɪnspə'reɪʃn/ n. 灵感，启发 ‎2．production /prə'dʌkʃn/ n. 作品 ‎3．reflection /rɪ'flekʃn/ n. 反映 ‎4．background /'bækgraʊnd/ n. 背景 ‎5．appeal /ə'piːl/ n．& v. 吸引力；吸引 ‎6．reflect /rɪ'flekt/ v. 反映 ‎7．admire /əd'maɪə(r)/ v. 欣赏 ‎8．classic /'klæsɪk/ adj. 经典的 ‎9．uniquely /jʊ'niːklɪ/ adv. 独特地 ‎10．abstract /'æbstrækt/ adj. 抽象的；深奥的 ‎11．artistic /ɑː'tɪstɪk/ adj. 艺术的 ‎12．extraordinary /ɪk'strɔːdnri/ adj.非凡的 ‎13．vivid /'vɪvɪd/ adj. 生动的 ‎14．live /laɪv/ adj. 现场直播的 ‎15．series /'sɪəriːz/ n. 系列 ‎16．appreciate /ə'priːʃieɪt/ vt. 欣赏 ‎17．excellent /'eksələnt/ adj. 优秀的，极好的 ‎18．dialogue /'daɪəlɒɡ/ n. 对白 ‎19．cast /kɑːst/ n. 全体演员 ‎20．character /'kærəktə(r)/ n. 人物 ‎21．line /laɪn/ n. 台词 ‎22．playwright /'pleɪraɪt/ n. 编剧，剧作家 ‎23．applause /ə'plɔːz/ n. 喝彩 ‎24．applaud /ə'plɔːd/ v. 喝彩；鼓掌 ‎25．makeup /meɪkʌp/ n. 化妆 ‎26．auditorium /ɔːdɪ'tɔːriəm/ n. 礼堂 ‎27．backstage /bæk'steɪdʒ/ adv.在后台 ‎28．traditional /trə'dɪʃənl/ adj. 传统的 ‎29．adapt /ə'dæpt/ vt. 适应 ‎30．decoration /ˌdekə'reɪʃn/ n. 装饰；装饰品 ‎31．design /dɪ'zaɪn/n.& vt. 设计，图案，样式 ‎32．construct /kən'strʌkt/ vt. 建设，建筑 ‎33．construction /kən'strʌkʃ(ə)n/ n．建造　‎ ‎34．magnificent /mæg'nɪfɪs(ə)nt/adj.壮观的 ‎35．splendid /'splendɪd/ adj. 辉煌的；壮丽的 ‎ [二积短语顿挫抑扬]　‎ ‎ [课内短语回扣]‎ ‎(一)根据汉语写出下列短语 ‎*1.stand_up_for 支持，维护　　　　　　2.trip_over 绊倒 ‎*3.make_fun_of 拿……开玩笑；取笑，嘲弄 4.have_affection_for 喜爱，钟爱 ‎*5.come_up_with 想出，拿出 6.pass_away 去世，亡故 ‎　7.queue_up 排队，列队 8.work_out 锻炼；计算出 ‎　9.for_sure 确切地；肯定地 10.drive_away 赶走，驱赶 ‎*11.take_on 接纳；承担；呈现；雇佣 *12.make_room_for 为……腾出地方 ‎*13.burst_in 闯进；突然闯入 14.hold_out 递出；拿出；伸出 ‎(二)用上面加*号的短语完成下列句子 ‎1．Everyone should stand_up_for their rights to vote.‎ ‎2．When he first got to the city, he was often made_fun_of for his strong accent.‎ ‎3．The scientists are beating their brains trying to come_up_with a ‎ solution to the problem.‎ ‎4．The police burst_in and arrested the robber.‎ ‎5．Those who decide to take_on teaching as a career need lots of patience.‎ ‎6．Please move along and make_room_for the old man.‎ ‎[话题短语积累]‎ ‎1．appeal to　　　　　　　　吸引 ‎2．a sense of humour 幽默感 ‎3．show up 出现 ‎4．be faced with 面对，面临 ‎5．have an influence on 对……有影响 ‎6．make up 编造，化妆 ‎7．make jokes about 开玩笑 ‎8．be based on 以……为根据 ‎9．box office/ticket office 售票处 ‎10．book tickets 订票 ‎11．play the role/part of ... 扮演(某一角色)‎ ‎12．at home and abroad 国内外 ‎13．draw one's attention 吸引某人注意 ‎14．on the stage 在舞台上 ‎15．in the history of 在……历史上 ‎[三积句式写作扮靓]　‎ ‎[课内句式仿写]‎ ‎1．while引导让步状语从句 ‎[例句]　While this kind of humour may sound cruel, it usually only works if both the comedian and the audience have affection for or admire the person being made fun of.‎ ‎[仿写]　尽管登泰山很有趣，但我更喜欢“长江之行”。 (2017·北京高考满分作文)‎ While_climbing_Mount_Tai_is_very_interesting,_I prefer the tour along the Yangtze River.‎ ‎2．do you think 作插入语 ‎[例句]　Which of the events above do you think will be the funniest?‎ ‎[仿写]　你觉得他那么说是什么意思？‎ What_do_you_think he means by saying that?‎ ‎3．数词或不定代词(no/some/any ...)＋such＋名词 ‎[例句]　One such person is Billy Crystal. ‎ ‎[仿写]　离开了所有队员的努力，就不会有这样的成功。(2017·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)‎ There would be no_such_success without all the team players' great efforts.‎ ‎[话题佳句背诵]‎ ‎1．Some classical works not only offer us joy and excitement, but also encourage us to think critically.‎ 一些经典作品不但让我们喜悦和兴奋，而且鼓励我们批判性地思考。‎ ‎2．As a kind of TV entertaining program, comic sketch is one of the major forms in the modern Chinese comic art.‎ 作为一种电视娱乐节目，喜剧小品是中国当代喜剧艺术中非常重要的形式之一。‎ ‎3．There are about one thousand people watching the performance.‎ 大约有一千人观看了这场演出。‎ ‎4．As the comedian walked down the stage, the entire audience stood to their feet clapping to applaud her wonderful performance.‎ 当喜剧演员走下台时，全场观众都站起来为她的精彩表演鼓掌欢呼。‎ ‎[四背语段语感流畅]　‎ Charlie Chaplin was one of the most wellknown comedians in the history of the cinema. On the stage, he behaved uniquely, where his stick, his hat amused everyone in the world. During his lifetime, he performed in a number of silent films and people have affection for a variety of his performing styles. Chaplin obtained many awards for his excellent performances.‎ 查理·卓别林是电影史上最有名的滑稽演员之一。在舞台上，他的表演与众不同。在舞台上，他的手杖、他的帽子让全世界的人们从中得到娱乐。在他的一生中，他在许多部无声电影中担任角色。人们喜欢他的各种表演形式。卓别林因他的精彩演出而获得了很多奖项。‎ ‎ [第一板块　重点词汇突破]　‎ ‎[师生共研词汇]‎ ‎1．variety n．[C]品种，(同一事物)不同种类；多种样式；[U]变化，多样化 ‎ ‎　[教材原句]　There are a variety of different styles of standup comedy.‎ 单口喜剧有很多不同的类型。‎ ‎(1)a variety of ＝ varieties of　　种种，各种各样的，各种不同的 the variety of ……的品种 ‎(2)vary vt. & vi. 改变；变更；变化；不同 vary from ... to .../between ... and ... 在……和……之间变化 ‎(3)various adj. 各种不同的；各种各样的 ‎①With the approaching of Spring Festival the whole country held a_variety_of/varieties_of_activities to celebrate.‎ 随着春节的来临，全国人民举行了各种各样的庆祝活动。‎ ‎②Just like spoken language, body language varies_from_culture_to_culture.‎ 跟口头语一样，身势语也因文化而异。‎ ‎③In my free time, I'll continue to take regular exercise, such as swimming, running and various (vary) ball games.‎ 在空闲时间，我会继续定期锻炼，比如游泳、跑步和玩各种球类游戏。‎ ‎[名师点津]　a variety of后既可跟可数名词的复数，也可跟不可数名词，variety 前面可以用形容词great, large, wide等来修饰。‎ ‎2．behave vi.& vt.表现 ‎ ‎　[教材原句]　Some comedians tell jokes about the way people behave or about daily life.‎ 一些喜剧演员讲的笑话，或与人们行为举止的方式有关，或与日常生活有关。‎ ‎(1)behave well/badly　行为规矩/不规矩；表现好/不好 behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体 ‎(2)wellbehaved/badlybehaved adj. 表现好/差的 ‎(3)behaviour n. 举止；行为 ‎①It's hard to train children to behave_well at the table.‎ 培养儿童用餐时举止得体是很困难的。‎ ‎②Behave_yourself. You should be setting your sister a good example.‎ 规矩点，你应该为妹妹树立个好榜样。‎ ‎③I think all of us should mind our behaviour (behave) in public places.‎ 我认为我们大家都应该注意在公共场所的行为举止。‎ ‎3．perform vt.& vi.履行，执行；表演，演出；表现；运转 ‎　[经典例句]　We're looking for people of all ages who have performed outstanding acts of bravery, kindness or courage.‎ 我们正在寻找那些见义勇为、乐于助人、勇气可嘉的人，年龄不限。‎ ‎(1)perform one's duty/promise　　　履行职责/诺言 perform an experiment/operation 做实验/手术 ‎(2)performance n．表演，演出；表现；执行，履行 give/put on a performance 演出；表演 performer n．执行者；表演者，演奏者；能手 ‎①You'd better perform_your_promise that you have to finish your task on time.‎ 你最好履行你按时完成你任务的承诺。‎ ‎②Your performance (perform) as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.‎ 作为一个学生，你的表现会很棒的，如果你能够养成对所学的内容进行反思的习惯的话。 ‎ ‎③The performers (perform) have all offered their services free of charge.‎ 演员们都愿意免费出演。‎ ‎[熟词生义]　读句子猜词义 ‎④Old as my watch is, it still performs well now.运转 ‎4．amuse vt.逗笑，逗乐；提供(消遣)，(使)娱乐 ‎　[教材原句]　Crystal is popular with all age groups and has the ability to amuse people all over the world.‎ 克里斯托深受各年龄层次人们的喜欢，而且他有能力逗乐全世界的人。‎ ‎(1)amuse sb. by/with ...　用……逗某人开心 amuse oneself 自娱自乐 ‎(2)amused adj. 被逗笑的，愉快的 amusing adj. 有趣的，好玩的，逗人笑的 ‎(3)amusement n. 消遣，娱乐 to one's amusement 令某人开心的是 ‎①To_my_amusement,_he should forget the birthday of his own.‎ 使我感到好笑的是，他竟然忘记了自己的生日。‎ ‎②His amusing movement amused everybody present.‎ 他有趣的动作逗乐了在场的每个人。 ‎ ‎③Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues amused with/by her stories.‎ 露西很有幽默感，总是能用故事逗乐她的同事。‎ ‎[联想发散]　表示“使欢乐，使娱乐”的词还有：entertain, excite, delight, fascinate, please等。‎ ‎5．guarantee vt.& n．保证；担保 ‎ ‎　[教材原句]　Practising is the only way to guarantee a successful performance.‎ 练习是保证成功演出的唯一方法。‎ ‎(1)guarantee to do sth.　　　　保证做某事 guarantee sb. sth.＝guarantee sth. to sb. 向某人保证某事 guarantee sb. from/against 保证某人免受 ‎(2)under guarantee 在保修期内 give sb. a guarantee that ... 向某人保证/承诺……‎ ‎①I have to make a decision soon and guarantee to_win (win) the scholarship.‎ 我必须尽快作出决定，并保证获得奖学金。‎ ‎②The car is less than a year old, so it is still under_guarantee.‎ 这辆汽车还不到一年，因此它还在保修期内。‎ ‎③Can you give_me_a_guarantee_that the work will be finished on time?‎ 你能向我保证按时完成工作吗？‎ ‎[名师点津]　如果表达“保证某人做某事”，guarantee不能用于guarantee sb. to do ...，只能用于guarantee to do ...或guarantee that ...。‎ ‎6．burst (burst, burst) vi.猛冲；突然出现；爆裂 n．突然破裂；爆发 ‎ ‎　[教材原句]　Servant bursts in, next to Queen, emptyhanded and looking worried.‎ 仆人冲进来，来到王后旁边，两手空空，看起来很着急。‎ ‎(1)burst in/into　　　闯入；突然破门而入 ‎(2)burst out 突然迸发；爆发 burst out crying/laughing ‎ ‎＝burst into tears/laughter 突然哭/笑起来 burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/乐不可支 ‎(3)a burst of 一阵……‎ ‎①Suddenly the door opened and a group of children burst_in.‎ 突然门开了，一群孩子闯了进来。‎ ‎②He burst_into_the_room without knocking at the door，which made me very angry.‎ 他没敲门就闯进房间，这使我非常生气。‎ ‎③Hearing the man's amusing experiences in Africa, we all couldn't help bursting_out_laughing.‎ 听到这个人在非洲的有趣的经历，我们都忍不住大笑起来。‎ ‎[名师点津]　短语burst in中的in是副词，后面不接宾语；而burst into后接宾语。‎ ‎[自主练通词汇]‎ ‎1．participate vi.参加，参与 ‎ ‎　用participate的适当形式填空 Encouraged by the teacher, the participants actively participated in the English contest. Their participation inspired the rest of the class to study hard.‎ ‎2．instruct vt.教授，传授；指示，命令；告知 ‎ ‎　单句语法填空 ‎①Ms. Shen gave us instructions (instruct) and then we worked by ourselves.‎ ‎②As scheduled, we participated in several instructive (instruct) activities.‎ ‎③The college will need an additional teacher to instruct the boys in cooking.‎ ‎[词汇过关练]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The school has received various (vary) grants from the education department.‎ ‎2．The summer camp afforded kids endless amusement (amuse)．‎ ‎3．He was just about to leave when someone burst into his room.‎ ‎4．My iPhone X is only six months old and it is still under guarantee.‎ ‎5．Last spring, I was fortunate to be chosen to participate in an exchange study program.‎ ‎6．Many of the performers (perform) were of professional standard.‎ ‎7．I suggest you to read this book; it is not only interesting, but also instructive (instruct)．‎ ‎8．It's time that somebody taught you how to behave yourself (you)．‎ ‎9．The leader strengthened (strong) his basketball team by bringing in several young players.‎ ‎10．Today, as the world's urban population explodes, and cities become more crowded_(crowd) and taller.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．I like reading very much, especially the story books, vary from Chinese stories to English stories. vary→varying ‎2．From his amusing look, we can tell he is interested in this story.amusing→amused ‎ ‎3．I read the instruction on the box carefully but still couldn't operate the machine.instruction→instructions ‎ ‎4．Everyone who heard it just burst into laughing when he came out with it. into→out或laughing→laughter ‎5．It's still under the guarantee, so the manufacturer will repair it.去掉第一个the Ⅲ.单句写作(句型转换/补全句子)‎ ‎1．Scarcely had she heard the sad news when she burst into tears.‎ ‎→Scarcely had she heard the sad news when she burst out crying.‎ ‎2．I can guarantee that you will be satisfied with the result. ‎ ‎→I can give you a guarantee that you will be satisfied with the result.‎ ‎3．Everyone in the class is expected to take an active part in these discussions. ‎ ‎→Everyone in the class is expected to participate actively in these discussions.‎ ‎4．对这件事的看法因人而异。‎ Opinions on the matter vary_from_person_to_person.‎ ‎5．如果我们举止得体，我们在同学中就会受欢迎，老师也愿意和我们交流。‎ If we behave_well,_we would be popular among classmates and our teachers are likely to communicate with us.‎ ‎6．使我们感到好笑的是在那部话剧里那个男孩扮演了一位老太太。‎ To_our_amusement,_the boy acted an old woman in the play.‎ ‎7．只要坚持你的意志和决心，你就一定会成功。‎ Keep your will and determination and you are_guaranteed_to_succeed.‎ ‎[第二板块　短语、句式突破]　‎ ‎1．come up with 提出，想出；拿出(钱款)‎ ‎　[教材原句]　One reason Crystal has become so famous is that he is very quick thinking, and is often able to come up with new jokes about the people and things around him.‎ 克里斯托如此出名的一个原因是他思维敏捷，而且经常想出关于他周围的人和事的新笑话。‎ come up　　　　　　走近；上来；发芽；发生；被提出 come about 发生 come across 穿过(路、桥)；(偶然)遇见；发现 come out 出来；(书等)出版；发行 come to 苏醒；总计；达到；谈到 when it comes to ... 当谈到……‎ ‎①I came_up_with a proposal and it soon came_up at the meeting.‎ 我想出一条建议，很快这条建议在会上被提出来了。‎ ‎②I'm sure it will all come_out all right in the end.‎ 我敢肯定最后结局会很好。‎ ‎③Every culture has different traditions when_it_comes_to drinking.‎ 当谈到喝酒时，每一种文化都有各自不同的传统。‎ ‎[名师点津]　come up with意为“提出”，主语(多是人)是提出者，后面的宾语才是被提出的内容；come up意为“被提出”，其主语(多是物)是被提出的内容，无被动语态。‎ ‎④As soon as the project came_up at the meeting, it attracted many people's attention.‎ 那个计划在会上一经提出，就引起了许多人的关注。‎ ‎2．hold out 递出，拿出；伸出；坚持；维持；坚守，守住 ‎ ‎　[经典例句]　They'll have to surrender — they can't hold out forever.‎ 他们将不得不投降，他们不可能守得住。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中hold out的含义 ‎①He walked to her and held out a small bunch of wild flowers.递/拿出 ‎②We should hold out the hand of friendship and cooperation to them.伸出 ‎③We must hold out. We mustn't be frightened by the difficulties.坚持 ‎④I really hope that this good weather will hold out for another week.维持 hold back　　　　隐瞒；退缩；阻止；抑制 hold on 别挂断；等一等；坚持 hold on to 坚守；保留(房屋、财产等)；抓住 hold up 举起，拿起；支撑；拦住，耽搁 ‎⑤No one can hold_back the wheel of history.‎ 谁也无法阻止历史前进的车轮。‎ ‎⑥When he left the telephone to find a pencil, he asked me to hold_on.‎ 当他离开电话找铅笔的时候，他让我别挂断。‎ ‎⑦If we believed something was true, good and beautiful, we should hold_on_to it.‎ 如果我们认为某些事物是真善美的，就应该坚持。‎ ‎3．Which of the events above do_you_think will be the funniest? ‎ 你认为上面这些事件中哪件事是最有趣的？ ‎ ‎　本句是“特殊疑问词＋插入语＋疑问句剩余部分”，其中do you think是插入语，它不影响句子的含义但影响句子结构，特殊疑问句应用陈述语序。常见的句型结构有：‎ ‎(1)特殊疑问词(作主语)＋插入语＋疑问句剩余部分(语序不变)?‎ ‎(2)特殊疑问词＋插入语＋句子其他部分(陈述语序)?‎ ‎(3)I think, I believe, I suppose, I guess, I imagine, I find, I say, I ‎ know等也可用作插入语，置于句中或句末，一般用逗号隔开。此类插入语若置于定语从句中，可不用标点。‎ ‎①Who_do_you_suggest be sent to work on the farm?‎ 你建议派谁去农场工作呢？‎ ‎②Why_do_you_think the earth's temperature keeps rising?‎ 你认为地球的温度为什么会持续上升？‎ ‎③It is impossible, I_think,_that we should finish the job in such a short period of time.‎ 我认为在这么短的时间内完成这项工作是不可能的。‎ ‎[名师点津]　do you suggest 作插入语时，其后的句子应使用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。‎ ‎④Where do you suggest we (should)_put (put) these things?‎ 你建议我们把这些物品放在什么地方？‎ ‎4．One_such_person is Billy Crystal.‎ 比利·克里斯托就是这样的一个人。 ‎ ‎　One such person ...是“数词或不定代词(no/some/any ...)＋such＋名词”结构。such的常见用法：‎ ‎(1)such作形容词，意为“那样的，这样的，如此的”。当它与数词或不定代词one, no, all, some, any, few等连用时，常置于这些词之后。‎ ‎(2)such ... as ...“像……这样的……”，as在句中引导定语从句。‎ ‎(3)such＋＋that ...‎ 意为“如此……以至于”‎ ‎(4)such作代词位于句首时，句子须倒装，谓语动词的单复数由其后的名词决定。‎ ‎①There is no_such_thing as a genius born with knowledge.‎ 世界上不存在所谓生而知之的天才。 ‎ ‎②My younger brother is such_a_diligent_student that he never gives up easily.‎ 我弟弟是一个勤奋的学生，他从不轻易放弃。‎ ‎③Such_is_our_monitor,_who always helps others.‎ 我们的班长就是这样一个人，他总是帮助别人。‎ ‎[短语、句式过关练]‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 ‎1．It's wonderful for you to come_up_with such a good idea.‎ ‎2．People make_fun_of her because she wears such strange clothes.‎ ‎3．He wanted to stand_up_for what he believed in.‎ ‎4．The people standing in the bus moved along to make_room_for others. ‎ ‎5．When we were talking in the study, a bird burst_in.‎ ‎6．Only by holding_out our hands can we give the opportunity to others to hold us! ‎ Ⅱ.补全句子 ‎1．你建议我们什么时候举行会议谈论这个问题？‎ When do_you_suggest_we_hold a meeting to talk about the problem?‎ ‎2．信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语可言。‎ Believe it or not, there is no_such_thing_as standard English.‎ ‎3．我想要一本和他的一样的字典。‎ I want to have such_a_dictionary_as he has.‎ Ⅲ.句式升级 ‎1．Who is the best student in your class? Do you believe？(用do you believe作插入语)‎ ‎→Who_do_you_believe_is_the_best_student_in_your_class?‎ ‎2．He was a clever student and was able to work out all the difficult problems.(用“such... that...”改写)‎ ‎→He_was_such_a_clever student_that_he_was_able_to_work_out_all_the_difficult problems.‎ 提能一　用课文词汇写高分作文 have affection for， variety， come up with， amusing， tease， burst into， instruct， behave， make fun of， guarantee， although ‎ ‎1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)‎ ‎①我们都喜欢有幽默感的人，我的同桌杰克就是这样一个人。‎ We_all_have_affection_for_people_with_a_sense_of_humor,_and Jack, my deskmate is a person with a sense of humor.‎ ‎②他总是能够编造各种笑话，逗得大家笑起来。‎ He is always making up a_variety_of_jokes which make everyone laugh.‎ ‎③昨天他想出一个有趣的故事来取笑我。那却使我突然大哭起来。‎ Yesterday, he_came_up_with_an_amusing_story_to_tease_me. That caused me to burst_into tears.‎ ‎④老师多次命令他要举止文明，不要取笑别人。‎ Many times our teacher instructed_him_to_behave_well,_not_to_make_fun_of_others.‎ ‎⑤他向我道歉并保证以后不再这样做了。‎ He said sorry to me and guaranteed_that he would never do that again.‎ ‎⑥尽管他很淘气，但他很可爱。我喜欢他。‎ Although_he_is_naughty,_he is lovely. I like him.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎(1)用“one such＋n.”结构改写句①‎ We_all_have_affection_for_people_with_a_sense_of_humor,_and_one_such_person_is_my_deskmate_—_Jack.‎ ‎(2)用v.ing形式作状语改写句⑤‎ He_said_sorry_to_me,_guaranteeing_that_he_would_never_do_that_again.‎ ‎3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：however, so, to be frank)‎ We all have affection for people with a sense of humor, and one such person is my deskmate — Jack. He is always making up a variety of jokes which make everyone laugh. Yesterday, he came up with an amusing story to tease me. However, it caused me to burst into tears. Many times our teacher instructed him to behave well, not to make fun of others. So he said sorry to me, guaranteeing that he would never do that again.‎ To be frank, although he is naughty, he is lovely. I like him.‎ 提能二　用课文句型解构高考长难句　[本单元突破点——举例作为较长插入语的复杂句]‎ 经典例句 比较分析 真题尝试翻译 He hopes to follow in the 课文长难句 ‎ footsteps of other famous comedians, such as Bob Hope and George Burns, who lived to be 100 years old and kept working until nearly the end of their lives.‎ 该句后半部分为一个较长插入语，such as ...用来举例说明前面的other famous comedians。‎ 用一般性的评论开始一次约见几乎总是不好的，例如：“我不明白你说的[那门课程的主题]”或“我听不懂你上周讲的课”。‎ 真题长难句 It's almost never good to start a meeting with general comments such as: “I didn't understand what you said about [main topic of the course]” or “I couldn't understand any of your lectures last week.”(2015·浙江高考)‎ 该句后半部分为一个较长的插入语，such as ...用来举例说明前面的general comments。‎ ‎ “文学与艺术”在高考考查中常常以说明文类的阅读理解和书面表达为主。在该类话题的语篇中含有大量的专业术语及人名、地名等，故其文章的理解难度偏大。‎ 一、话题与语篇 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2015·重庆高考阅读E)‎ ‎[1]The values of artistic works, according to cultural relativism (相对主义), are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions. Such a view, however, fails to explain the ability of some works of art to excite the human mind across cultures and through centuries.‎ ‎[2]History has witnessed the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world. It is never rare to find that Mozart packs Japanese concert halls, as Japanese painter Hiroshige does Paris galleries. Unique works of this kind are different from today's popular art, even if they began as works of popular art. They have set themselves apart in their timeless appeal and will probably be enjoyed for centuries into the future.‎ ‎[3]In a 1757 essay, the philosopher David Hume argued that because “the general principles of taste are uniform (不变的) in human nature，” the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent. He observed that Homer was still admired after two thousand years. Works of this type, he believed, spoke to deep and unvarying features of human nature and could continue to exist over centuries.‎ ‎[4]Now researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art. For example, evolutionary psychology is being used by literary scholars to explain the longlasting themes and plot devices in fiction. The structures of musical pieces are now open to experimental analysis as never before. Research findings seem to indicate that the creation by a great artist is as permanent an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist.‎ ‎52．According to the passage, what do we know about cultural relativism?‎ A．It introduces different cultural values.‎ B．It explains the history of artistic works.‎ C．It relates artistic values to local conditions.‎ D．It excites the human mind throughout the world.‎ ‎53．In Paragraph 2, the artists are mentioned in order to show that________.‎ A．great works of art can go beyond national boundaries B．history gives art works special appeal to set them apart C．popular arts are hardly distinguishable from great arts D．great artists are skilled at combining various cultures ‎54．According to Hume, some works of art can exist for centuries because________.‎ A．they are results of scientific study B．they establish some general principles of art C．they are created by the world's greatest artists D．they appeal to unchanging features of human nature ‎55．Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?‎ A．Are Artistic Values Universal?‎ B．Are Popular Arts Permanent?‎ C．Is Human Nature Uniform?‎ D．Is Cultural Relativism Scientific?‎ ‎[策略指导]　‎ ‎(一)这样读文 第1步：宏观把握文章大意 分层 抓关键句 概括层意 行文结构 第1段 第1段画波浪线部分 ‎ 由文化相对主义引出艺术品的价值在哪里 提出 问题 第2～4段 第3、4段画波浪线部分 说明艺术品是没有国界的，其价值具有普遍性和永久性 分析解 决问题 第2步：微观突破理解障碍 ‎[尝试翻译]　研究发现似乎表明伟大艺术家的创作和伟大科学家的发现一样都是永久的成就。‎ ‎(二)这样做题 ‎[名师解题]‎ ‎52．细节理解题。选C　根据文章第一段的第一句“...simply reflections of local social and economic conditions.”文化相对主义认为，艺术作品的价值在于能够反映当地的社会和经济状况。换句话说，艺术作品的价值在于它们与当地的情况息息相关。C项为同义替换。A项“它介绍了不同的文化价值”为混淆视听；B项“它解释了艺术作品的历史”为混淆视听；D项“它让全世界人们的精神愉悦”为颠倒是非。‎ ‎53．推理判断题。选A　第二段主要是通过举例说明的手法来说明第1段最后一句观点的真实性。第一段最后一句和第二段所举的例子中提到莎士比亚、莫扎特，还提到日本的画家安藤广重，这些都与A项的“go beyond national boundaries (超越国界)”相匹配。A项为合理推测。B项“历史使艺术作品有特殊的魅力从而使它们彼此分离”为混淆视听；C项“流行艺术很难与伟大艺术相媲美”为无中生有；D项“伟大的艺术家善于把各种不同文化结合起来”为曲解文意。‎ ‎54．细节理解题。选D　根据题干中的Hume可将答案锁定在第三段第一句。本段主要引用哲学家大卫·休谟的话来说明艺术作品的价值所在。D项的unchanging features与本段最后一句中的“unvarying features”匹配。D项为同义替换。A项“它们是科学研究的结果”为无中生有；B项“它们奠定了艺术的一般准则”为混淆视听；C项“它们由世界伟大的艺术家创作”为无中生有。‎ ‎55．标题归纳题。选A　文章首先指出了文化相对主义者的观点，接着用莎士比亚等名人的巨著做例子来说明真正的艺术品是无国界的，最后根据研究者的研究做出了结论。A项为综合概括。B项“流行艺术永久吗？”为以偏概全；C项“人类本性一样吗？”为混淆视听；D项“文化相对主义科学吗？”为曲解文意。‎ ‎[阅读理解系列技法11]　找准每段主题句，归纳整篇文章主旨 文章的主旨是通过段落来表达的，而段落的大意主要由主题句来体现，所以段落的主题句是文章主旨的有机组成部分。因此，识别各段落的主题句并由此归纳出文章的中心思想是解答该类题的关键。‎ 快速阅读文章并找出各个段落的主题句，把各个段落的主题句联系起来并考虑全文的结构安排，就能概括出文章的主旨。‎ 文章的首尾段往往揭示文章的主题，各段的首尾句也往往是各段主题句的出处。因此，一般来说，阅读完首尾段及各段首尾句就可以大概推断出文章的主旨大意。‎ 对于段落的大意，主题句在段首时：该段围绕这一主题句而展开；主题句在段中时：通常前面只是引出主题句的铺垫，其后的内容是对段落主题的进一步解释、论证和说明；主题句在段尾时：作者先摆出事实依据，层层推理论证，最后得出结论，即段落的主题。‎ 例如第55题，文章的标题往往也是文章主旨大意的概括，或与主旨相关。本文第一段开篇点题，围绕艺术作品的价值进行讨论；第二段讲述艺术无国界；第三段主题为艺术的永恒性；第四段主题为用科学方法研究艺术的普遍性。综合各段主题，由此可知应该选择A项。‎ ‎(三)这样积累 ‎1．unique adj.　　　仅有的，独一无二的 ‎2．appeal n. 吸引力 ‎3．essentially adv. 本质上，根本上 ‎4．evolutionary adj. 进化的 ‎5．device n. 策略，手段，方法 ‎6．fail to do sth. 未能做某事 ‎7．apply ...to ... 把……应用于……‎ 二、话题与写作 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2012·江西高考)‎ 某英文报社举办以 “I Like Reading”为主题的征文活动， 你打算投稿。 请根据以下要点写一篇短文：‎ ‎1．你为什么喜欢读书；‎ ‎2．你喜欢哪一类的书(例如：历史、科学、文学等)？请给出至少两个理由。‎ 注意：词数120左右。‎ ‎[写作规范]　‎ 第一步：写对词汇不丢冤枉分 ‎1．良师益友　　　　　wise_teachers_as_well_as_good_friends ‎2．知识的源泉 the_source_of_knowledge ‎3．各种各样的 a_variety_of ‎4．从……中选择 choose_from ‎5．等等 and_so_on ‎6．开阔视野 broaden_my_horizons ‎7．丰富我的生活 enrich_my_life ‎8．给我提供乐趣 provide_me_with_great_fun 第二步：列全要点，写对句子保基本分 ‎1．我一直喜欢阅读。‎ I_can_never_stop_the_love_for_reading.‎ ‎2．书是我生活中的良师益友。‎ Books_are_like_wise_teachers_as_well_as_good_friends_in_my_life.‎ ‎3．众所周知，书是知识的源泉。‎ As_we_know,_books_are_the_source_of_knowledge.‎ ‎4．有各种各样的书可供我们选择，如历史、科学、文学书籍等。‎ There_are_a_variety_of_books_for_us_to_choose_from,_like_history_books,_science_books,_literary_books_and_so_on.‎ ‎5．文学书籍，尤其是名著是我最感兴趣的。‎ What_interests_me_most_is_literary_books,_especially_those_by_famous_writers.‎ ‎6．它们有助于提高写作技能，开阔视野。‎ They_help_to_improve_my_writing_skills_and_broaden_my_horizons.‎ ‎7．它们能够丰富我的生活，提供乐趣。‎ They_can_enrich_my_life_and_provide_me_with_great_fun.‎ ‎8．阅读时保持一颗平静的心灵不是一件愉快的事吗？‎ Isn't_it_a_pleasure_to_have_great_calm_in_mind_while_you_are_reading?‎ 第三步：句式升级，打造亮点得高分 ‎1．将句1、2用because合并 I_can_never_stop_the_love_for_reading_because_books_are_like_wise_teachers_as_well_as_good_friends_in_my_life.‎ ‎2．将句4、5用but合并 There_are_a_variety_of_books_for_us_to_choose_from,_like_history_books,_science_books,_literary_books_and_so_on,_but_what_interests_me_most_is_literary_books,_especially_those_by_famous_writers.‎ 第四步：过渡衔接，润色成文创满分 I Like Reading Reading is my favorite hobby. I can never stop the love for reading because books are like wise teachers as well as good friends in my life.‎ ‎ As we know, books are the source of knowledge. I benefit a great deal from reading.‎ There are a variety of books for us to choose from, like history books, science books, literary books and so on, but what interests me most is literary books, especially those by famous writers. For one thing, they help to improve my writing skills and broaden my horizons. For another, they can enrich my life and provide me with great fun. Isn't it a pleasure to have great calm in mind while you are reading?‎ ‎ ‎[语言基础扎根练]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．Basic human rights, including freedom of speech, are now guaranteed (保障)．‎ ‎2．It must be acknowledged that this object has not been attained (达到)．‎ ‎3．The father glared (怒目而视) at the naughty boy and scolded him for his bad behaviour.‎ ‎4．With a final burst (猛冲) of speed she overtook the leading runner and won the race.‎ ‎5．They began to draw the interest of the public as they performed (表演) their exciting dance in cafes.‎ ‎6．Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and behave (使举止规矩) themselves.‎ ‎7．Training is provided, so no previous (先前的) experience is required for the job.‎ ‎8．She's got such a negative (消极的) attitude that it's depressing to be with her.‎ ‎9．We need to have a positive (积极的) mental state if we want to improve our study efficiency.‎ ‎10．I don't like to go out during the rush hour, because it's too crowded (拥挤的)．‎ ‎11．The best way to strengthen (strength) willpower is to make it into a habit.‎ ‎12．We hope that you will accept our invitation (invite) if it is convenient for you.‎ ‎13．With my English teacher's patient instruction (instruct) and help, I made great progress in my English learning.‎ ‎14．It's better for students to take a variety (vary) of courses so as to take different kinds of subjects to find their interest.‎ ‎15．The old man related some amusing (amuse) stories in his childhood to the children.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Though in the same family, the birds vary with size and colour.with→in ‎2．By an unfortunate oversight, full instruction did not come with the ‎ product.instruction→instructions ‎3．One such a dictionary is enough because we can look up all we need in it. 去掉a ‎4．The computer is still under the guarantee, so you can return it to the shop.去掉第二个the ‎5．Everyone in the room burst out laughter at something that the little boy said.out→into或laughter→laughing ‎6．Having pictures to colour will keep children amusing for hours. amusing→amused ‎7．This ballet group also goes to the countryside to put performances for peasants. put后加on ‎8．They are pulling down those old houses to make a room for a new hotel.去掉第一个a ‎9．The rescue team hoped that the stranded tourists in mountain could hold on till they arrived.on→out ‎10．It was very intelligent of him to come up such a splendid idea.up后加with Ⅲ.翻译句子/一句多译 ‎ ‎1．你认为是什么使他在如此短的时间内取得了这么大的进步？(do you think作插入语)‎ What_do_you_think_lead_him_to_make_such_great_progress_in_such_a_short_time?‎ ‎2．世界上没有免费的午餐。(no such＋名词)‎ There_is_no_such_thing_as_free_lunch_in_the_world.‎ ‎3．这是一个正式场合，你应该举止得体。(formal occasion, behave oneself)‎ This_is_a_formal_occasion,_and_you_should_behave_yourself.‎ ‎4．看来绿色生活是出人意料地容易和可以负担得起的。(It seems that; affordable)‎ It_seems_that_green_living_is_surprisingly_easy_and_affordable.‎ ‎5．你真是太棒了，想出这么一个好主意。(wonderful; come up with)‎ It's_wonderful_of_you_to_come_up_with_such_a_good_idea.‎ ‎6．我认为凭你的能力你肯定能找一份更好的工作。‎ ‎①I think your ability will guarantee_you_a_better_job.(guarantee sb. sth.)‎ ‎②I think your ability will guarantee_a_better_job_to_you.(guarantee sth. to sb.)‎ ‎③I think your ability will guarantee_that_you_will_find_a_better_job.(guarantee that ...)‎ ‎④I think your ability will give_you_a_guarantee_that_you_will_find_a_better_job. (give sb. a guarantee)‎ ‎7．听到这个笑话，全班哄堂大笑。‎ ‎①The whole class burst_into_laughter when they heard the joke.(burst into)‎ ‎②The whole class burst_out_laughing when they heard the joke.(burst out)‎ ‎8．这个商店每天给顾客提供各种各样的商品。‎ ‎①The store provides the customs with all_kinds_of_goods every day.‎ ‎②The store provides the customs with various_goods every day.‎ ‎③The store provides the customs with a_variety_of_goods every day.‎ ‎④The store provides the customs with varieties_of_goods every day.‎ ‎[话题语篇高考练]‎ Ⅳ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018·重庆南开中学月考)Some people like to listen to the Beatles, while others prefer Gregorian chants (呼喊). When it comes to music, scientists find that nurture can overpower nature.‎ A study shows musical preferences seem to be mainly shaped by a person's cultural upbringing and experiences rather than biological factors.“Our results show that there is a profound cultural difference in the way people ‎ respond to consonant (和谐的) and dissonant (不和谐的) sounds, and this suggests that other cultures hear the world differently，” says Josh McDermott, a scientist in Cambridge.‎ Some scientists believe that the way people respond to music has a biological basis and that this would overpower any cultural shaping of musical preferences, effectively making them a universal phenomenon. Some musicians, by contrast, think that such preferences are more a product of one's culture. If a person's upbringing shapes their preferences, then they are not a universal phenomenon.‎ The trick to working out where musical preferences come from was to find and test people who hadn't had much contact with Western music. McDermott and his team travelled by aeroplane, car and canoe to reach the remote villages of the Tsimane' people, who are largely isolated from Western culture.‎ In their experiments, McDermott and his colleagues investigated responses to Western music by playing combinations of notes to three groups of people: the Tsimane' and two other groups of Bolivians that had experienced increasing levels of exposure to Western music. The researchers recorded whether each group regarded the notes as pleasant or unpleasant.‎ The Tsimane' are just as good at making acoustic (声响的) distinctions as the groups with more experience of other types of music, the scientists find. Most people prefer consonant tones, but the Tsimane' have no preference between them. “This pretty convincingly rules out that the preferences are things we're born with，” McDermott argues.‎ ‎“Culture plays a role. We like the music we grew up with，” agrees Dale Purves, a scientist at Duke University.“Nature versus nurture is always a_fool's_errand. It's almost always a combination，” he adds.‎ ‎1．Why does the author mention the Beatles in the first paragraph?‎ A．To arouse readers' interest.‎ B．To stress the importance of music.‎ C．To introduce the topic to be discussed.‎ D．To encourage readers to listen to their music.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。文章介绍了一些科学家关于音乐的实验，此处提及“the Beatles”是为了引出文章的主题。故选C。‎ ‎2．McDermott would most probably agree that ________.‎ A．people's music preference is a universal phenomenon B．Chinese and Japanese have different music preferences C．the way people respond to music is biologically decided D．parents have nothing to do with children's music preference 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据文章中麦克德莫特所做的一些实验表明，不同的地域会影响人们的音乐喜好。故选B。‎ ‎3．What do we know about the Tsimane' in the experiment?‎ A．They prefer consonant tones.‎ B．They are born with excellent music talent.‎ C．They do well in telling acoustic distinctions.‎ D．They have never had contact with Western music.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段前两句“The Tsimane' are just as good at making acoustic (声响的) ... but the Tsimane' have no preference between them.”可知，选C。‎ ‎4．What does the underlined phrase “a fool's errand” in the last paragraph refer to?‎ A．Something meaningless.　　 B．Something significant.‎ C．Something reliable. D．Something sensitive.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据文章最后两句可知，天性与培养总是徒劳的，这几乎总是一个组合。故选A。‎ B Living among trees, plants and flowers can fill your life with beauty. And if you are a woman, it can also help you live longer.‎ Women who live in homes surrounded by plants appear to have lower death rates than women who live in areas with less green plants, according to a research.‎ Peter James and his team looked at information from one of the largest and oldest investigations of women's health: the Nurses' Health Study.‎ For the new study, the team looked at the death rates of more than 100,000 women between the years 2008 and 2015. Then the researchers compared the death rates of these women to the green plants around their homes. To determine the amount of trees and other vegetation (植被), researchers examined satellite images.‎ To make it more believable, the researchers considered other risk factors — things such as the age of the women, their economic status, and race. They also looked at whether or not the women smoked.‎ Peter James says he and his team were surprised to find such a strong link between high vegetation levels and low death rates. He adds they were also surprised to find how high levels of plant life can affect a woman's mental health.‎ The study suggests that living among vegetation lowered levels of depression. Researchers say women in greener areas spent more time with other people, exercised more and were less exposed to air pollution.‎ One of the biggest effects of greenery appeared to be a lowered risk of cancer. Here are some numbers. The study found that women living in the greenest areas had a 13 percent lower rate of dying from cancer.‎ James says that it is common knowledge that vegetation helps the environment in many ways. But, he adds, the new findings suggest ways for city planners, landscape architects and policymakers to grow even healthier living areas.‎ 语篇解读：植物对环境有很多益处。研究者认为，女性若住在四处环绕植物的地方，死亡率会较低、可以减轻抑郁以及降低患癌症的风险；而且还发现植物寿命长短可影响女性的心理健康。‎ ‎5．What's the author's purpose in writing the text?‎ A．To introduce the green environment and call on people to enjoy it.‎ B．To show women living in green areas are more likely to live long.‎ C．To show the relationship between animals and plants.‎ D．To give some tips on how to live long.‎ 解析：选B　写作目的题。文章第一段引出话题，第二段提出本文的主题——女性若住在四处环绕植物的地方，死亡率会较低，下文对此话题展开说明，并详细介绍了该研究是如何进行的。由此可推断，作者写作本文的目的是说明生活在绿色植物较多的区域的女性可能寿命更长。故选B项。‎ ‎6．How did the researchers make the research more convincing?‎ A．By studying more people.‎ B．By examining satellite images.‎ C．By taking more factors into account.‎ D．By cooperating with the Nurses' Health Study.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“To make it more believable, the researchers considered other risk factors — things such as the age of the women, their economic status, and race.”可知，为了使研究更有说服力，研究者考虑了很多因素。故选C项。‎ ‎7．When James found the connection between vegetation levels and ‎ death rates, he was ________.‎ A．excited　　　　　　　 B．unconcerned C．relieved D．surprised 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“Peter James says he and his team were surprised to find such a strong link between high vegetation levels and low death rates.”可知，当詹姆斯和他的团队发现高绿化率和低死亡率之间存在密切的联系时，他们很惊讶。故选D项。‎ ‎8．What can we learn from the text?‎ A．People are unlikely to develop cancer because of living with green plants.‎ B．People die from cancer more than from other diseases.‎ C．Living with green plants can help lower depression.‎ D．This finding is specially made for city planners.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章第七段第一句“The study suggests that living among vegetation lowered levels of depression.”可知，住在四处环绕植物的地方可以帮助减轻抑郁。故选C项。‎ Ⅴ.阅读七选五 How to Make Plans Most people get scared when talking about planning or writing plans. __1__. And you need to plan for success as planning really works and inspires you to go straight ahead. However, how to create effective ‎ plans is still a problem. Don't worry, and just follow the steps below.‎ Step 1　__2__‎ What plans have you had in the past? Probably, in some of your plans, you haven't ended up where you thought you were going to end up. Get a good understanding of what you have done and what you haven't done in the past. It is a primary foundation for your new plan. If having no plan, just take actions and make plans right now.‎ Step 2　Think about the WhatIfs When you are building your plans, you should consider where you are going and make clear the WhatIfs. Because not everything just goes smoothly as you believe. __3__.‎ Step 3　Document the plans When starting to make plans, you should try to write them down. It is of key importance for the future. __4__. In addition, make sure you have the plans fully written out with all the key elements concerned, including details.‎ Step 4　Update the plans According to your written plans and actual situation, you should check out the plans you have completed and haven't completed. __5__. Make sure all the assumptions are there and work out the details. After hanging on for some days, planning will be getting simpler and easier.‎ A．Review historical plans B．Make new plans immediately C．Actually, people are more likely to succeed in a planned way D．And you need to continue what you haven't done and update it E．Not all people can memorize every word they said and thought well F．And what you should do next is to check your plans monthly or quarterly G．For your benefits, you need to make Plan A and Plan B in case of changes and contingencies (偶发事件)‎ ‎1．选C　根据设空后一句“And you need to plan for success as planning really works and inspires you to go straight ahead.”可知，设空处应引出计划有助于成功，故C项符合语境。‎ ‎2．选A　纵观文章结构，本空应填小标题，根据该部分中的“Get a good understanding of what you have done and what you haven't done in the past.”可知，本段内容与过去的计划有关，故A项符合语境。‎ ‎3．选G　根据设空前的“Because not everything just goes smoothly as you believe.”可知，并不是所有的事都会顺利进行，要考虑到意外情况，故G项中的“in case of changes and contingencies”符合语境。‎ ‎4．选E　根据设空前的“When starting to make plans, you should try to write them down.”可知，作者建议要写下计划，E项“并不是所有人都能记住自己说过和想好的每一句话”恰好解释了前文的原因。‎ ‎5．选D　根据本段小标题Update the plans 可知，本段主题为更新计划，故D项符合语境，该项中的update与小标题呼应。‎ Ⅵ.语法填空 ‎(2018·南昌模拟)Visiting Xi'an was once my dream. It became a reality when I was admitted to a training course in China along with two other __1__ (lady). Finally, the day arrived __2__ I landed at Xianyang International Airport in early August. As soon as I landed, I __3__ (feel) a change in the atmosphere. I saw people standing in queues __4__ (wait) for their turn at the immigration desk. Afterwards, we were transported to the office in the International Exhibition Center. China had invited participants __5__ twentythree developing countries to share digital television broadcasting techniques with them.‎ In my 20 days in Xi'an, I got the opportunity to observe Chinese culture closely, __6__ thus in left an unforgettable mark on me. Now, Xi'an is like my second home. Since I came back to Pakistan, I have been missing Xi'an __7__ (bad)．‎ My 20day stay in Xi'an was __8__ great experience. It was a learning opportunity, and also a chance to __9__ (broad) my understanding of diversity. I learned that despite differences of colors, heights, races and religions, all human beings __10__ (tie) by the bond of humanity, and that the future of nations is global with development and peace.‎ 语篇解读：作者通过去西安旅游的一次经历，增加了对中国文化的了解，感叹文化是不分国界和种族的。‎ ‎1．‎ ladies　考查名词单复数。句意：当我和另外两位女士一起开始参加在中国的一个培训课程的时候，我的这个梦想就实现了。数词two后接可数名词的复数形式，故填ladies。‎ ‎2．when　考查定语从句。句意：八月初我降落到咸阳国际机场的那一天终于到来了。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词day，且从句中缺少时间状语，故填when。‎ ‎3．felt　考查动词的时态。句意：飞机一落地，我就感觉到了气氛的不同。根据从句时态提示词landed可知，主句也应用一般过去时。故填felt。‎ ‎4．waiting　考查非谓语动词。句意：我看到人们站成几队在移民局的办公桌前等候。此处为“see＋宾语＋宾补”复合结构，wait与people之间为主动关系，要用现在分词作宾补。故填waiting。‎ ‎5．from　考查介词。句意：中国邀请了来自二十三个发展中国家的与会者来分享他们的数字电视广播技术。设空处表示“来自……”，故填介词from。‎ ‎6．and　考查连词。句意：在西安的20天里，我有机会近距离观察中国文化，而且中国文化给我留下了难以忘怀的印象。分析句子结构可知，句中不缺少成分，由此可知，是两个并列分句，且是递进关系，故填and。‎ ‎7．badly　考查词性转换。句意：自从我回到巴基斯坦后，我一直非常想念西安。修饰missing用副词，故填badly。‎ ‎8．a　考查冠词。句意：20天的西安之行是一次非常棒的经历。experience作“经历”讲时，是可数名词，因此此处用不定冠词表示泛指。故填a。‎ ‎9．‎ broaden　考查词性转换。句意：这是一次学习的机会，也是增加我对文化多样性了解的机会。不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填broaden，意为“增长；扩大”。‎ ‎10．are tied　考查动词的时态和语态。句意：我知道尽管有肤色、身高、种族和宗教的不同，但是所有人都是被博爱这一纽带联系在一起的，各国的未来是全球性的发展与和平。主语human beings与谓语动词tie之间为被动关系，且主语是复数，故填are tied。‎