【英语】2019届人教版高考一轮复习必修4精选学案设计：Unit4Bodylanguage 19页

‎　Unit 4　Body language 一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇 Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．flight n．　　　　　　　　 飞行；航班 ‎2．cheek n. 面颊 ‎3．dash vi. 猛冲；突进 ‎4．simply adv. 简单地；只 ‎5．posture n. 姿势；体态 ‎6．crossroads n. 十字路口 ‎7．frown vi. 皱眉；蹙额　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎8．misread vt.　　　　　　　 读错；误解 ‎9．facial adj. 面部的 ‎10．fist n. 拳头 ‎11．yawn vi. 打呵欠 ‎12．respectful adj. 恭敬的 ‎13．subjective adj. 主观的 ‎14．rank n. 等级；军衔 ‎15．cassette n. 磁带 ‎16．employee n. 雇员　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 ‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎1．greetvi.&vt.　　　　　 迎接；问候 ‎2．representvt. 代表；象征 ‎3．dormitoryn. 宿舍 ‎4．canteenn. 食堂 ‎5．curiousadj. 好奇的 ‎6．curiouslyadv. 好奇地 ‎7．approachvt.&vi. 接近；靠近；走近 n. 接近；方法；途径　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第四屏听写]‎ ‎8．defendvt.　　　　　　　 保护；保卫 ‎9．defencen. 防御；保卫 ‎10．majoradj. 主要的 ‎11．misunderstandvt. 误解；误会 ‎12．misunderstandingn. 误解；误会 ‎13．adultn. 成人；成年人 adj. 成人的；成熟的 ‎14．spokenadj. 口语的 ‎15．unspokenadj. 未说出口的；非口语的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎16．likelyadj.　　　　　　 可能的 ‎17．functionn. 作用；功能；职能 vi. 起作用；运转 ‎18．easen. 安逸；舒适 vt. 减轻(痛苦、忧虑)‎ ‎19．angern. 怒气； 怒火 ‎20．trulyadv. 真实地；真诚地；真正地 ‎21．hugvi.&vt. 拥抱　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎22．associationn．　　　　　 社团；联系；联想 ‎23．falseadj. 错误的；假的 ‎24．statementn. 陈述；说明 ‎25．defend_...against 防御；保卫……以免受 ‎26．be_likely_to 很可能……；有希望……‎ ‎27．in_general 总的来说；通常 ‎28．at_ease 舒适；快活；自由自在 ‎29．turn_one's_back_to 背对 ‎30．lose_face 丢脸　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾 ‎(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高 识 记 单 词 写 对 Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)‎ ‎1.simply adv.　　简单地；只 ‎2.posture n. 姿势；体态 ‎3.crossroads n. 十字路口 ‎4.cheek n. 面颊 ‎5.frown vi. 皱眉；蹙额 ‎6.facial adj. 面部的 ‎7.fist n．　　　　　拳头 ‎8.yawn vi. 打呵欠 ‎9.respectful adj. 恭敬的 ‎10.subjective adj. 主观的 Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)‎ ‎1.dormitoryn. 宿舍 ‎2.canteenn．　　　食堂 ‎3.spokenadj. 口语的 ‎4.unspokenadj. 未说出口的；非口语的 ‎5.likelyadj. 可能的 ‎6.easen. 安逸；舒适 vt. 减轻(痛苦、忧虑)‎ 核 心 单 词 练通 ‎1.At the meeting they discussed three different approaches (方法) to the study of mathematics.‎ ‎2.Linda and I, representing (代表) our class, will take part in the contest to be held this weekend.‎ ‎3.As you know, smoking is one of the major (主要的) causes of cancer, so you'd better give it up.‎ ‎4.The function (功能) of the heart is to pump blood through the body.‎ ‎5.As a(n) adult (成年人), you should be responsible for your own decisions.‎ ‎6.The couple hugged (拥抱) each other when they heard the exciting news.‎ ‎7.We often make false (虚假的) impression that we understand something when we do not.‎ 拓展单词用活 ‎[记全记牢]‎ ‎1.statement n．陈述；说明→statev．陈述；说明 ‎2.greet vi.&vt.迎接；问候→greetingn．问候；招呼 ‎3.association n．社团；联系；联想→associatevt.把……联系起来 ‎4.curious adj.好奇的→curiouslyadv.好奇地→curiosityn．好奇；好奇心 ‎5.defend vt.保护；保卫→defencen．防御；保卫 ‎6.misunderstand vt.误解；误会→misunderstandingn．误解；误会 ‎7.truly adv.真实地；真诚地；真正地→trueadj.真实的→truthn．真实；真理；真相 ‎[用准用活]‎ ‎1.If you misunderstand somebody, it's likely to lead to a misunderstanding.(misunderstand)‎ ‎2.The curious boy looked at the box curiously and then he opened it out of curiosity.(curious)‎ ‎3.To tell you the truth,_I'm truly grateful for your helping me make my dream come true.(true)‎ ‎4.In time of war, lots of money will be spent on defence and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being attacked.(defend)‎ ‎5.Entering a supermarket, I was warmly greeted by the greengrocer. His cheery greetings made me feel at home.(greet)‎ ‎6.I wouldn't want to be associated with the illegal association.(associate)‎ ‎7.He stated the other day that the statement was not made by him.(state)‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.表示“主要的；首要的”的形容词一览 ‎①major　　　　主要的；重要的 ‎②main 主要的 ‎③primary 主要的；首要的 ‎④chief 首要的 ‎⑤principal 主要的 ‎2.常见“人体部位及器官”名词荟萃 ‎①cheek　　　　面颊 ‎②forehead 额头 ‎③chest 胸部 ‎④shoulder 肩膀 ‎⑤throat 喉咙 ‎3.以e结尾的形容词变为副词集锦 ‎①true→truly ‎②possible→possibly ‎③comfortable→comfortably ‎④entire→entirely ‎⑤complete→completely ‎⑥fortunate→fortunately ‎(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高 先 写 对 再 用 准 第一组 ‎1.be_curious_about　 　对……感到好奇的 ‎2.get_close_to 接近；靠近 ‎3.as_if 好像 ‎4.turn_one's_back_to 背对 ‎5.lose_face 丢脸 ‎　　When I went to the USA for the first time, I ①was_curious_about everything around me. I found it difficult to make myself understood only by spoken words.It looked ②as_if I had been in a new world. However, I was unwilling to communicate with others in case I ③lost_face.‎ 第二组 ‎1.defend_against　 　　防御；保卫……以免受 ‎2.on_the_contrary 相反地 ‎3.be_likely_to 很可能……；有希望……‎ ‎4.in_general 总的来说；通常 ‎5.at_ease 舒适；快活；自由自在 ‎　　As is known to us, people usually communicate with others not only by spoken words but also by body language. When you find your friend is depressed, you'd better not ignore him; ①on_the_contrary,_you should give him a smile to cheer him up and at that moment the smile will put him ②at_ease. If some foreigners ask you the directions, you can use body language to make him understand. ③In_general,_body language is as important as spoken language.‎ ‎⇩ 表示“通常；总之”的短语大全 ‎(1)“通常；一般而言”‎ ‎①in general　　　　　　通常 ‎②generally speaking 一般说来 ‎(2)“总之”‎ ‎①in a word　　　总之　　　　②all in all　　　　总之 ‎③in conclusion 总之 ④in short/brief 总之；简言之 ‎(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高 背 原 句 明 句 式 学 仿 写 ‎1.The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.‎ 第一个到达的是来自哥伦比亚的托尼·加西亚，随后紧跟着的是英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。‎ the first/last (one/person) to do sth.意为“第一个/最后一个做某事的人”。‎ 张梦雪是在2016年里约奥运会上获得第一枚金牌的中国运动员。‎ Zhang Mengxue was the first_Chinese_athlete_to_win_the_gold_medal in 2016 Rio Olympic Games.‎ ‎2.Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.‎ 各种文化背景下人们互致问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距离的程度也并不一样。‎ not all“并非所有的都……”，表示部分否定。‎ 并不是所有人都愿意做这样的工作，因为它对于有些人来说太难了。‎ Not_all_are_willing_to_do_such_work,_for it is quite hard for some of them.‎ ‎3.However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.‎ 不过，来自西班牙、意大利或南美等国的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且可能会(用身体)接触对方。‎ be likely to do sth.“有可能做某事”。‎ 一项研究表明，喜欢喝咖啡的妇女，如果每天不少于八杯，且刚好在妊娠期间，她们生出的孩子很有可能会出现先天缺陷。(2018·11月浙江高考)‎ One study showed that women who drank a lot of coffee, like eight or more cups per day, while they were pregnant were_more_likely_to_have children with birth defects.‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　I was the first to arrive at the stadium this morning and began practicing basketball. After a while I approached Li Ping, my close friend, and patted her ________❶ the shoulder, but she turned her back to me, making me feel embarrassed. ________， and therefore I was curious to know what had happened❷. Perhaps there was some misunderstanding between us. No matter what happened, I would defend her from ________(hurt)❸.‎ ‎1.①处应填入介词 on。‎ ‎2.能填入②句中空白处的最佳选项为__A__。‎ A.It seemed that she was angry with me B.She behaved as if nothing had happened ‎3.③句中所填词的正确形式为 being_hurt。‎ ‎1．approach vt.& vi.接近；靠近；走近；找……商量n.接近；方法；途径；步骤；通道 ‎(1)an approach to ...　　　 ……的方法/通道/途径(to为介词)‎ ‎(2)approach sb./sth. 靠近/接近某人/某物 ‎...be approaching ……快到了 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①All the approaches to the airport were blocked by the police.‎ ‎②The job market has changed and our approaches to finding (find) work must change as well.‎ 一句多译 随着春节的临近，许多庆祝活动将会被举行。‎ ‎③As the Spring Festival is_approaching,_many celebrations will be held.‎ ‎④With the Spring Festival approaching,_many celebrations will be held.‎ ‎⑤With the Spring Festival around_the_corner,_many celebrations will be held.‎ ‎⑥As the Spring Festival is_drawing_near,_many celebrations will be held.‎ ‎ [联想发散]　表示“(做)某事的方法”的正确搭配有：‎ ‎①the approach to (doing) sth.‎ ‎②the way to do/of (doing) sth.‎ ‎③the means of (doing) sth.‎ ‎④the method of (doing) sth.‎ ‎2．curious adj.好奇的 ‎(1)be curious about　　　　　　 对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth. 渴望做某事 ‎(2)curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心 with curiosity 好奇地 from/out of curiosity 出于好奇 ‎(3)curiously adv. 好奇地 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①I'm curious to_know (know) how many satellites have been sent to space up to now.‎ ‎②It is good for children to be curious about the world around them.‎ ‎③A child's day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity (curious) gave us all a natural awareness.(2018·天津高考)‎ ‎④Suddenly the girl calmed down and began looking all around with curiosity.‎ ‎⑤Curiously (curious) enough, the same thing happened again a year later exactly.‎ ‎3．defend vt.保护；保卫；辩护 ‎(1)defend ...from/against　　　 保护……以免受 defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫 ‎(2)defence n. 防御；保卫 in defence of 为了保卫……‎ ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①When the dog attacked me, I defended myself (I) with a stick.‎ ‎②He has employed one of the UK's top lawyers to_defend (defend) him.‎ ‎③Some people think that students should be trained to defend themselves against/from some attacks.‎ ‎④All the people, men and women, young and old, were fighting against the flood in defence (defend) of their own homes.‎ ‎4．the first/last (one/person) to do sth.“第一个/最后一个做某事的人”‎ The_first_person_to_arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.‎ 第一个到达的是来自哥伦比亚的托尼·加西亚，随后紧跟着的是英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。‎ ‎(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时或前有the next, the only, the last等时，常用不定式作后置定语。‎ ‎(2)动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有：ability, chance, ambition, offer, anxiety, answer, reply, attempt, belief等。‎ ‎①If I have any further news, you will be the first person to_know (know)．‎ 如果我有进一步的消息，你将是第一个知道的人。‎ ‎②The ability to_express (express) an idea is as important as the idea itself.‎ 表达思想的能力和思想本身同等重要。‎ ‎③There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts to_contact (contact) you failed.‎ 在那个遥远的村子里没有信号，所有联系你的尝试都没成功。‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　As we all know, people from different cultures have different body languages. Some hug, ________❶ others shake hands. If you don't understand all the differences in body languages, you are likely to have major misunderstanding when communicating. Ingeneral, having a good command of different body languages is of great use for us to communicate with foreigners more conveniently❷. So when abroad, we should know we are representing our country and try not to lose face; while at home, we should try to put foreigners at ease❸.‎ ‎1.①处缺一并列连词，应填入 while，意为“然而”。‎ ‎2.②句中“having a good command of different body languages”为现在分词短语作主语；of great use为“of＋抽象名词”结构，可转化为其相应的形容词形式，即of great use可替换为very_useful。‎ ‎3.③句中前后两个分句中都含有一个时间状语从句的省略句，均省略了we_are。‎ ‎5．major adj.主要的；重要的n.专业vi.主修 ‎(1)major in　　　　　　　　 主修 ‎(2)in the majority 占大多数 majority n. 多数;大多数 the majority of 大多数……‎ ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①As a graduate majoring (major) in the English language, I feel excited to write this ‎ letter for the position.(2018·6月浙江高考)‎ ‎②In that company I once worked, women workers are in the majority.‎ 同义替换 ‎③Generally speaking, if you look at the audience at a classical concert, most of (＝the_majority_of) them are over the age of fifty.‎ 通常，如果你看一看古典音乐会上的观众，大多数是五十岁以上的。‎ ‎6．represent vt.代表；象征；表现；描写；描绘；声称 ‎(1)represent ...as/to be ...　　　 把……描绘成……‎ represent sth.to sb. 向某人说明某事 represent oneself as/to be ... 自称是……‎ ‎(2)representative n. 代表 adj. 典型的；有代表性的 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①In the afternoon, you together with some of our student representatives (represent) are going to visit the Haihe River and enjoy the beautiful scenery there.‎ 同义替换 ‎②On behalf of (＝Representing) our school, I'm glad to tell you something about these activities.‎ 我非常高兴代表我们学校告诉你们有关这些活动的一些事情。‎ 补全句子 ‎③She represents_her_mother_as/to_be the kindest mother in the world.‎ 她把她的妈妈描绘成世界上最好的母亲。‎ ‎7．in general总的来说；通常 ‎(1)as a general rule　　　　　　 一般而言；通常 generally speaking 总体而言；一般而言 ‎(2)on the whole＝to sum up 总的来说 as a whole 就整体来看；一般地说 in a word 总之 in short/brief 简而言之；总之 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Peter can be really difficult to deal with the matter at times even though he's a nice person in general.‎ ‎②Generally (general) speaking, the number of the people who drive after drinking is on the decrease.‎ ‎③As a general rule, the more expensive the computer is, the better it is.‎ 补全句子 ‎④We are, in_a_word,_busy. Ridiculously busy.‎ 总之，我们很忙。忙得不得了。‎ ‎8．at ease舒适；快活；自由自在 ‎(1)feel/look at ease　　　　 感到/看上去心情放松 put sb. at ease 使某人放松 take one's ease 休息；轻松一下 ‎(2)with ease 轻易地；毫不费力地 ‎(3)ease one's mind 使某人安心 ease sb. of sth. 减轻某人的(痛苦、负担等)‎ ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①We live in an age when more information is available with greater ease than ever before.‎ ‎②I eased him of his difficulty by telling him what to do.‎ 补全句子 ‎③When you feel nervous, you'd better listen to some light music to put_yourself_at_ease.‎ 当你感到紧张时，你最好听一些轻音乐使自己放松一下。‎ ‎9．be likely to do sth.“有可能做某事”‎ However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are_more_likely_to_touch them.‎ 不过，来自西班牙、意大利或南美等国的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且可能会(用身体)接触对方。‎ Sb./Sth.be likely to do sth.＝It's likely that ...意为“……做某事是可能的”。‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①That means the price is likely (like) to go down because of the competition.‎ ‎②If you can find suitable learning methods, your learning efficiency is likely to_be_improved (improve)．‎ 句型转换 ‎③If you grow up in a large family, you are more likely to develop the ability to get on ‎ well with others.‎ ‎→If you grow up in a large family, it_is_more_likely_that you develop the ability to get on well with others.‎ ‎ [单元语基落实]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The teacher often asks us to make use of every chance we get to improve our spoken (speak) English.‎ ‎2．He was late today. However, his teacher forgave him as he was the first to_arrive (arrive) at school in general.‎ ‎3．She stared at his husband with anger (angry), saying that she would never forgive him.‎ ‎4．She is not an outgoing person and she doesn't let anyone know what she truly (true) felt.‎ ‎5．Much to his delight, the top student will represent his school to_make (make) a speech at the meeting.‎ ‎6．Being_misunderstood (misunderstand) by others when you do nothing wrong at all is quite a bad experience.‎ ‎7．With the summer vacation approaching (approach), he is wondering what to do during this time.‎ ‎8．The trees planted at the end of the 1990s have become a powerful defence (defend) against the strong wind.‎ ‎9．(2017·天津高考单选)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing (allow) more patients to be treated.‎ ‎10．His mind was at ease and he felt confident about the future.‎ ‎11．It is good to be curious about the world around you because curiosity (curious) is the best teacher.‎ ‎12．In general, traffic accidents may happen at the crossroads.‎ ‎13．The library is functioning as a temporary hospital to cope with people injured in the ‎ earthquake.‎ ‎14．She is in Beijing University, majoring (major) in English Literature.‎ ‎15．Another common way of greeting (greet) in Chinese is to state what somebody is doing.‎ Ⅱ.句型转换 ‎1．He was curious about Australian cities, so he read the book written by Dr.Johnson.‎ ‎→Curious_about_Australian_cities,_he read the book written by Dr.Johnson.(形容词短语作状语)‎ ‎2．When we approached the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.‎ ‎→Approaching_the_city_center,_we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.(现在分词短语作时间状语)‎ ‎3．He has hired a lawyer to defend him against his action.‎ ‎→He has hired a lawyer in_defence_of his action.(defence)‎ Ⅲ.一句多译 ‎1．面对危险，并非所有的人都能保持冷静。‎ ‎①Not_all_the_people_can_keep_calm in the face of danger.‎ ‎②All_the_people_cannot_keep_calm in the face of danger.‎ ‎2．随着高考的临近，我们压力很大。‎ ‎①With_the_College_Entrance_Examination_approaching,_we are under great stress. (with; approach)‎ ‎②As_the_College_Entrance_Examination_draws_near,_we are under great stress.(as; draw)‎ ‎3．告诉妈妈这个消息是非常必要的。‎ ‎①Telling_mother_the_news was quite necessary.(v.ing 作主语)‎ ‎②It_was_quite_necessary_to_tell mother the news.(it 作形式主语)‎ ‎4．如果你继续吸烟，你的身体健康可能会受到损害。‎ ‎①You are_likely_to_suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.‎ ‎②It_is_likely_that you will suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.‎ ‎5．你工作越努力，越有可能成功。‎ ‎①If you work harder, you are_more_likely_to_succeed.‎ ‎②The harder you work, the_more_likely_you_are_to_succeed.‎ ‎[高考拆组训练]‎ 阅读理解组块专练——练速度 ‎(限时：30分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2019·嘉兴第一次联考)In 2014 my best friend's mother died of cancer. It was a tragedy, but as usual, Alice, my mother, used her power of healing and got his family back on their feet. If you asked my friends about my mother, they would say，“That woman has a heart of gold.” I agree one hundred percent.‎ I think the reason why she is such a wonderful person is that the Holy Spirit lives within her. She is very holy and has persuaded me to go to church with her every Sunday.‎ About six years ago my mom decided to pursue her lifelong goal of becoming a teacher. She knew it would be hard work raising three kids, doing housework and studying at the same time. However, she believed it would pay off. What my mother didn't realize was that not all things pay off in this unfair world. After four hard years of school, she graduated on a warm spring day. It was unbelievable. My aunt drove up from Virginia to celebrate this fantastic day. It was the first time I had ever cried about being happy.‎ It's strange how fast a life can change. Two months later, the unpredictable happened. My mother was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (多发性硬化症). I could not believe this could happen after all the good she had done for people. I was very confused and cried every day. My faith in God just disappeared and so did my mom's dream of becoming a teacher.‎ Then, I decided I must move on with my life and accept the fact that she might never get better. Since my decision, I have become more mature, responsible and active in school and work. Through the years I have always been able to change negative situations into positive ones. I'm happy with my life now.‎ ‎1．Which of the following can best describe Alice?‎ A．Honest.　 B．Helpful.‎ C．Greedy. D．Unconcerned.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“It was a tragedy, but as usual, Alice, my mother, used her power of healing and got his family back on their feet.”可知，母亲乐于帮助他人，故选B项。‎ ‎2．What else did Alice have to do when studying?‎ A．Drive a car and go to church.‎ B．Teach students and raise kids.‎ C．Do housework and teach at school.‎ D．Look after children and keep house.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“She knew it would be hard work raising three kids, doing housework and studying at the same time.”‎ 可知，母亲在学习的同时还要照顾孩子、做家务，故选D。‎ ‎3．According to the text, the author's mother ________.‎ A．recovered from illness B．no longer had faith in God C．didn't realize her dream as a teacher D．changed negative situations into positive ones unwillingly 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“My faith in God just disappeared and so did my mom's dream of becoming a teacher.”可知，母亲因为患病，成为教师的梦想破灭了，故选C。‎ ‎4．Which of the following is the best title for the text?‎ A．Fighting Against Kinds of Diseases B．Mother Gave Me Life Experience C．Belief in God Brought Me Good Luck D．How to Become a Responsible and Active Man 解析：选B　标题归纳题。根据文章的内容可推知，本文主要讲述了乐观的母亲对作者的积极影响，使作者成为一个积极面对生活的人，故选B。‎ B The Scottish composer Evelyn Glennie lost nearly all her hearing as a young girl, yet went on to a very successful career in music including winning Grammy awards. When somebody asks her，“How do you hear？” She responds, “How do you hear? Is it only with your ears？” For Glennie, and for us too, listening is not only hearing, but is understanding. We need to listen to what is said and unsaid, and also how it is said.‎ It's important to hear what people say accurately. As Mark Twain said，“The difference between the right word and the almost right word is the difference between lightning and the lightning bug (萤火虫)．” If you miss something or you're not sure you've heard accurately, ask the speakers. At this point you're not evaluating what they say, but just looking for accuracy and understanding. Here are some ways to get clear about what they say and don't say. Why are they saying this now, instead of sooner or later? Why are they emphasizing these points, instead of something else?‎ Listen to how it is said. People send signals about what they mean with their voices and body language that sometimes differ from the words they say. While going through the next points, think about someone whose real meaning you might sometimes miss, and see if any of these signals might come up. First, voices. When others speak, notice changes in their volume, pace, and tone. Second, body language. Notice gestures, eye contact, and facial ‎ expressions. Do these sync what they are saying, or do they tell a different story? Third, emotions. What is the person true feeling? Now you might not know for sure, but be considerate, open to understanding, and ask thoughtful questions.‎ 语篇解读：本文讲述了聆听的内涵。我们要听懂说话人想要表达的言外之意，并且要注意说话方式。‎ ‎5．What's the writer's purpose of mentioning Evelyn Glennie?‎ A．To give an example of wise words.‎ B．To introduce a worldfamous musician.‎ C．To help explain the meaning of listening.‎ D．To encourage us to fight against disability.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“For Glennie, and for us too, listening is not only hearing, but is understanding.”可知，对于Glennie和“我们”来说，聆听不仅是用耳朵听而且是理解，这里说明了聆听的内涵。所以选项C正确。‎ ‎6．What can we learn from what Mark Twain said?‎ A．It is important to have a good knowledge of English words.‎ B．People should know words can be used in many different ways.‎ C．English is a very complicated language with a large vocabulary.‎ D．The slight difference between words may result in misunderstanding.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It's important to hear what people say accurately.”和“At this point you're not evaluating what they say, but just looking for accuracy and understanding.”可知，准确听懂说话者的意思很重要。因此，选项D“词语的细微差异可能导致误解”与Mark Twain所说的话意思相吻合。‎ ‎7．What does the underlined word “sync” in the last paragraph probably mean?‎ A．Match. B．Prove.‎ C．Describe. D．Analyze.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。画线词前的修饰词these指代前一句中的“gestures, eye contact, and facial expressions”；再根据画线词后的“what they are saying, or do they tell a different story”可推断，match与画线词意思相近。故选A。‎ C A fun way to learn about the people in the destinations you travel to around the globe is to drop into a friendly local bar off the beaten tourist track and enjoy a sip of something the region is famous for. To help you have fun, we've rounded up how to say “Cheers！” around the world.‎ Who doesn't dream of living the good life in France? The food alone is well worth the trip since the French basically invented fine cuisine. They also invented a little golden l iquid called the Champagne! Just before your first sip, look at your friends in the eyes and simply say their “cheers”： àvotresanté！‎ Is it just us, or is the Italian treat called prosecco sweeping the nation by storm? It's lovely anytime: brunch, to celebrate something, or just to slowly sip while catching up with a dear friend. It originated in Italy's Veneto region but is now available all over the world. When in Italy, the most common toast is “cincin”， which has its origins in China. However, do not use this as a toast in Japan. It is what could get you kicked out of a bar or possibly the entire country. If you find yourself in the land of Japan, stick with “kampai”， which means “cheers！”‎ If you haven't been to Ireland — what are you waiting for? It's the friendliest place, and one of the funniest on the planet, and the pubs are full of stories, where locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinness. The Irish language can be a bit tricky for visitors to grasp but, again, practice makes perfect. Simply say，“Slàintemhath.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在不同国家和地区，如何表达“干杯”体现了当地的文化和风情。本文分别介绍了在法国、意大利、日本和爱尔兰如何表达“干杯”。‎ ‎8．What is the French way of saying “Cheers”？‎ A．Àvotresanté. B．Cincin.‎ C．Kampai. D．Slàintemhath.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段尾句“Just before your first sip, look at your friends in the eyes and simply say their ‘cheers’： àvotresanté！”可知，在法国，干杯时说“àvotresanté！”，故A项正确。‎ ‎9．What can we learn about Ireland from the text?‎ A．It is famous for food. B．Its language is simple.‎ C．It makes perfect wine. D．It is well worth visiting.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“It's the friendliest place, and one of the funniest on the planet, and the pubs are full of stories, where locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinness.”可知，爱尔兰是最友好的地方，也是世界上最有趣的地方之一，酒吧里充满了故事，在那里当地人和游客聚在一起举杯畅饮。据此可以判断，爱尔兰值得一游，故D项正确。‎ ‎10．What's the main purpose of the text?‎ A．To introduce the worldfamous wine.‎ B．To show how to make friends in bars.‎ C．To give suggestions on drinking regionally.‎ D．To recommend some famous travel destinations.‎ 解析：选C　写作意图题。本文第一段最后一句“To help you have fun, we've rounded ‎ up how to say ‘Cheers！’ around the world.”为文章的主题句，结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了在不同国家和地区说“干杯”的方式；据此可以判断，本文旨在介绍在不同国家和地区如何说“干杯”，故C项正确。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Empathy, the Key to Being Kind In science class, your teacher tells everyone to find a partner for a project. Out of the corner of your eye, you notice one girl sitting alone and not making eye contact with anyone. You think about asking her to be your partner, but you're afraid people will think you're uncool. You don't reach out to them. __1__‎ Empathy is being able to understand and actually feel what someone else is feeling. For some people, this comes naturally; for others, it takes a bit more work. __2__ When you practice being empathetic, it gets easier to make kindness part of your everyday life. If you can understand why people are feeling down, you'll want to help them. Here are some ideas that can help you.‎ ‎__3__ Not being able to find a group in class might not seem like a big deal — but part of being kind is noticing when someone seems sad, hurt or uncomfortable. After all, you have to notice how people feel in order to feel empathy and want to help them!‎ When you're trying to make kindness second nature, really getting other people's feelings is important. __4__ Think about a time when you felt that way. Didn't you wish someone would reach out to you? If someone had offered you a few words of comfort, wouldn't it have made you feel so much happier?‎ So, when you find people around you who are feeling down next time, do not hesitate to put yourself in their shoes and reach out to them with a kind gesture. __5__ There is always a time when you expect others to relate to you and feel what you feel.‎ A．And your kindness will be finally rewarded.‎ B．But empathy is super important to being kind.‎ C．Be open to learning more about what you don't understand.‎ D．One way to practice empathy is to pay attention to the people around you.‎ E．However, you never know showing empathy may make all the difference to her.‎ F．You don't have to have a similar background to someone else to feel empathy for them.‎ G．Whenever you find someone might be feeling lonely or sad, put yourself in his shoes.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“移情”的作用和定义，并介绍了如何让自己更好地帮助别人、理解别人。‎ ‎1．选E　分析文章结构可知，本空用来引入本文的话题，在这里起到承上启下的作用。结合标题“Empathy, the Key to Being Kind”可知，空处说明你可以通过“移情”‎ 解决问题，引出对“移情”的作用的介绍，所以选E项。‎ ‎2．选B　根据空后一句中的“it gets easier to make kindness part of your everyday life”可以判断，“移情”对使善良成为每日生活的一部分非常重要，故B项正确。‎ ‎3．选D　根据本段内容可知，本段介绍的是如何实现“移情”；结合本段尾句可知，本段主要陈述“关注周围的人”这一方法，故D项正确。‎ ‎4．选G　根据空前的“really getting other people's feelings”和空后的“Think about a time when you felt that way.”可知，理解别人的情感十分重要，据此可以判断，G项与此处匹配。‎ ‎5．选A　根据空前一句中的“do not hesitate ...with a kind gesture”及空后一句可知，当你遇到沮丧的人时，应当毫不犹豫地设身处地为他们着想并伸出援助之手，因为总会有一些时候，你也期待别人能理解你；据此可以判断，A项符合语境。‎