【英语】2021届新高考英语一轮复习限时规范练北师大版：必修2Unit4B　Cyberspace作业 11页

限时规范练8(必修2　Unit 4B)‎ 核心素养关键词:培养学生人与社会、了解科技的思维意识 ‎　限时规范练第16页　 ‎ 一、阅读理解 A February was a hard month for Internet-connected toys.‎ First,Germany stopped the sale of My Friend Cayla.The German government believed that hackers (电脑黑客) could use the talking toy to get information on kids.‎ Then U.S.computer users learned that CloudPets,made by Spiral Toys,had a problem.The toy’s Internet connection allows users to send and receive voice messages.Computer experts discovered that CloudPets’ database was not safe.The private information of more than 820,000 users was at risk of being stolen.‎ Computer hackers didn’t only hit toys.Many big companies in the U.S.have also been hacked.The hits showed emails,card numbers,fingerprints,and other private information.Experts are looking for ways to fight hackers.Kids are joining the fight and getting ready to lead.‎ The organizers of CyberPatriot see the advantages of getting an early start in cybersecurity (网络安全).In 2016,69,000 students took part in the cyber-education program.Its goal is to encourage kids to make achievements in cybersecurity and in STEM fields,including science and technology.‎ CyberPatriot’s central project is the yearly National Youth Cyber Defense Competition.Winners receive some money to help pay for their education.The competition takes place over several months.Student teams manage the computer network at a fictional company.They must find and fix its security problems.From April 3 to 5,the nation’s top teams competed in the finals,in Baltimore,Maryland.‎ Team Error 37,from Summit Lakes Middle School,in Lee’s Summit,Missouri,won the middle school group.“There will be a lot of jobs that require cybersecurity knowledge,” said team member Keenan Curp,13.‎ Arjun Pratap Ghoshal,13,also competed in Baltimore.He was the leader of a team from Oak Valley Middle School,in San Diego,California.“We have to teach kids around us about cybersecurity,” he says,“so that we can prevent harmful hacking.”‎ ‎【篇章导读】本文是新闻报道。在网络安全遭受威胁的时候,孩子们加入了共同抵抗电脑黑客的战斗中。‎ ‎1.Why was February hard for My Friend Cayla?‎ A.It was less popular among kids.‎ B.It was taken off the market.‎ C.It couldn’t provide information for kids.‎ D.It couldn’t be connected to the Internet.‎ 答案B 解析推理判断题。由第二段中的“stopped the sale”和“hackers could use the talking toy to get information on kids”可知,二月份,由于担心受到电脑黑客的攻击,该玩具被停售。‎ ‎2.What was the problem with CloudPets?‎ A.Their database was in danger.‎ B.Their information was missing.‎ C.Their Internet connection didn’t work.‎ D.Their users couldn’t send voice messages.‎ 答案A 解析细节理解题。由第三段中的“Computer experts discovered that CloudPets’ database was not safe.”可知答案。‎ ‎3.What’s the purpose of CyberPatriot?‎ A.To get kids to work with scientists.‎ B.To teach kids how to fix computers.‎ C.To keep kids away from computers.‎ D.To educate kids about cybersecurity.‎ 答案D 解析推理判断题。由第五段中的“Its goal is to encourage kids to make achievements in cybersecurity and in STEM fields,including science and technology.”可推断,该组织的目的是让孩子们获得更多有关网络安全的知识。‎ ‎4.What do students do at National Youth Cyber Defense Competition?‎ A.They deal with security problems.‎ B.They help a company solve problems.‎ C.They take exams on security knowledge.‎ D.They discuss things with computer experts.‎ 答案A 解析细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“They must find and fix its security problems.”可知答案。‎ B The mind of an elephant should not be underestimated.They are intelligent animals born with both excellent memory and artistic talent.Elephants eat about 495 pounds of vegetarian food a day.They spend about 16 hours a day eating,but must walk about 4 miles a day in search of food.The average elephant lives about 70 years,and its sharp memory allows it to remember places where it has found food as long as 30 years earlier,even as a baby.‎ In an elephant’s travels,it comes across other elephants also looking for food.Some elephants are friendly,and some are not so nice.Elephants remember every elephant they have ever met.They can even recognize an elephant they perhaps haven’t seen for 30 years.They immediately remember whether this elephant is an enemy or a friend.‎ When elephants are not searching for food,they sometimes produce art in the sand with their trunks (象鼻).They seem to enjoy just relaxing and painting in the sand.One day,an elephant zoo-keeper noticed ‎ this and gave an elephant a paint brush filled with red paint to see if the elephant would paint on a canvas (画布).Sure enough,it did,and since then elephants in most zoos have been given paint brushes,paints,and canvases.The resulting abstract art has been sold for high prices around the world.The money goes to support feeding the elephants in the zoos.Most felt that the elephants were only capable of painting abstracts.However,they have been trained to paint trees,flowers,and other things in nature.This has enabled us to understand “elephant genius” even more.‎ ‎【篇章导读】本文是说明文。大象是一种特别聪明的动物,不仅过目不忘而且还是艺术天才。‎ ‎5.What does the underlined word “underestimated” mean? ‎ A.Mistaken.‎ B.Controlled.‎ C.Undervalued.‎ D.Underdeveloped.‎ 答案C 解析词义猜测题。根据画线词后一句“They are intelligent animals born with both excellent memory and artistic talent.”可知,千万不要“低估”大象的智力。‎ ‎6.What can we learn about elephants’ memory?‎ A.It remains excellent for 70 years.‎ B.It differs greatly among elephants.‎ C.It is at its best in the first 30 years.‎ D.It can reach as far back as 30 years.‎ 答案D 解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“its sharp memory allows it to remember places where it has found food as long as 30 years earlier”和第二段中的“They can even recognize an elephant they perhaps haven’t seen for 30 years.”可知,大象的记忆力可以追溯到30年前。‎ ‎7.Why did the zoo-keeper give the elephant a brush?‎ A.To attract visitors to it.‎ B.To train it to paint pictures.‎ C.To prove it was a born artist.‎ D.To find out whether it could draw.‎ 答案D 解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“an elephant zoo-keeper noticed this and gave an elephant a paint brush filled with red paint to see if the elephant would paint on a canvas”可知,动物园的管理员给大象画笔是想看看它会不会画画。‎ ‎8.Which can best describe elephants according to the text?‎ A.Really brave.‎ B.Highly smart.‎ C.Unusually quiet.‎ D.Extremely friendly.‎ 答案B 解析推理判断题。根据文中的intelligent animals以及具体介绍大象的记忆力如何超强和艺术才能如何了得可知,大象是非常聪明的动物。‎ 二、完形填空 I took my son to a popular restaurant for a lunchtime treat.And it seems everyone else had the same　1　.The place was full of 　2　! ‎ I drove around the small parking lot for 10 minutes　3　 a spot.Finally I 　4　 one.A lady was returning to her car so I 　5　 her and waited patiently.As I did this I looked in my rear vision mirror and 　6　 a young man quickly pull up behind me.As soon as he saw my indicator (转向灯) on for the spot,he seemed very 　7　 and began hitting his steering wheel.I knew this wasn’t directed at me but at the disappointment that he had 　8　 a spot.I felt his 　9　.I too had been 　10　 the place for ages. ‎ As the lady left I　11　 something that surprised even me.I turned off my indicator and drove straight past.I let the man 　12　 the spot. ‎ The man behind me was　13　,unsure what to do.　14　 I lowered my window and gave him a(n) 　15　 to take it,calling out at the same time “It’s yours.” ‎ I　16　 driving further down the road to another car park,where although I had to walk quite a bit further,I was 　17　 I could.Perhaps the man couldn’t walk easily as his 　18　 wasn’t as good as mine? I will 　19　 know.But I knew the spot 　20　 more to him than it did to me,when I saw him react the way he did. ‎ ‎【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。作者在停车场等待了很久终于找到了一个车位,然而当看到紧随其后的一名司机因为没抢到车位的失望表现时,作者决定将车位让给他。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎1.A.experience B.dream C.idea D.chance 答案C 解析由the same可知,设空处指“to a popular restaurant for a lunchtime treat”这一想法,故填idea。‎ ‎2.A.people B.noise C.pleasure D.peace 答案A 解析由上文中的“it seems everyone else had the same”以及文中的“I drove around the small parking lot for 10 minutes”可知,这个地方“人(people)”很多,我在停车场绕了十分钟想“找(looking for)”个车位,最后终于“找到(found)”一个。‎ ‎3.A.calling for B.looking for C.asking for D.paying for 答案B 解析见上题解析。‎ ‎4.A.borrowed B.found C.bought D.accepted 答案B 解析见第2题解析。‎ ‎5.A.followed B.helped C.guided D.met 答案A 解析由本句中的“A lady was returning to her car”以及“waited patiently”可知,我“跟着(followed)”她,耐心地等待着。‎ ‎6.A.suggested B.noticed C.made D.required 答案B 解析由本句中的“I looked in my rear vision mirror”可知,我“注意到(noticed)”一名年轻的男子快速地在我后面停下车。‎ ‎7.A.serious B.interested C.angry D.careful 答案C 解析由本句中的“As soon as he saw my indicator on for the spot”以及“began hitting his steering wheel”可知,这名男子似乎很“生气(angry)”。‎ ‎8.A.refused B.chosen C.reached D.missed 答案D 解析由上文中的“As soon as he saw my indicator on for the spot”以及“I knew this wasn’t directed at me”可知,这名男子之所以有这种表现是因为他“错过(missed)”了一个车位,感到很失望。‎ ‎9.A.fear B.pain C.courage D.wish 答案B 解析由上文中的“I drove around the small parking lot for 10 minutes　3　a spot”可知,我能感受到他的“痛苦(pain)”,因为我也在这个地方“绕了(circling)”许久才找到一个车位。 ‎ ‎10.A.circling B.protecting C.keeping D.changing 答案A 解析见上题解析。‎ ‎11.A.saw B.heard C.did D.said 答案C 解析由下文中的“I turned off my indicator and drove straight past”可知,我“做了(did)”一件让自己都感到惊讶的事。‎ ‎12.A.search B.pass C.leave D.have 答案D 解析由上文中的“I turned off my indicator and drove straight past”以及下文中的“I lowered my window...calling out at the same time ‘It’s yours.’”可知,我让这名男子“占用(have)” 那个车位。‎ ‎13.A.worried B.surprised C.tired D.pleased 答案B 解析由本句中的unsure what to do可知,这名男子很“惊讶(surprised)”。‎ ‎14.A.But B.So C.Again D.Still 答案B 解析“The man behind me was　13　,unsure what to do”与“I lowered my window...calling out at the same time ‘It’s yours.’”之间是因果关系,故填So。 ‎ ‎15.A.sign B.order C.reason D.promise 答案A 解析由上文中的“I let the man　12　the spot”以及本句中的“I lowered my window and...calling out at the same time ‘It’s yours.’” 可知,我摇下车窗,“示意他(gave him a sign)”使用那个车位。 ‎ ‎16.A.stopped B.minded C.gave up D.ended up 答案D 解析由下文中的“although I had to walk quite a bit further”可知,我“后来(ended up)”开车到一个较远些的停车场。end up意为“最终成为,最后处于”。‎ ‎17.A.hopeful B.sorry C.thankful D.afraid 答案C 解析由本句中的“I had to walk quite a bit further”以及下文中的“Perhaps the man couldn’t walk easily”可知,此处指虽然我得走一段路,但我很“感激(thankful)”自己可以走路。‎ ‎18.A.job B.car C.luck D.health 答案D 解析由“Perhaps the man couldn’t”可知,我在猜想也许他的“身体状况(health)”不如我。‎ ‎19.A.seldom B.never C.surely D.often 答案B 解析由下文中的But I knew可知,此处表示我将“不会(never)” 知道。‎ ‎20.A.proved B.brought C.showed D.meant 答案D 解析结合全文可知,我将自己等了许久找到的车位让给那名男子,因为我知道那个车位对他来说“更重要(meant more)”。‎ 三、短文改错 I was raised by my grandparent.They have taught me so much things about life.However,the one thing that has always stayed with me is to always be friendly and nicely.My grandpa always tells me no matter where life leads you,remembering your values.He was a pilot for twenty years and then became businessman and owned his own company for other twenty years.Now,he works for a volunteer in our community,help those in need.He has taught me that it doesn’t matter what you do or have been done.What matters are who you are.He really does teach by example.‎ 答案 第一句:grandparent→grandparents 第二句:much→many或删除things 第三句:nicely→nice 第四句:remembering→remember 第五句:businessman前加a;other→another 第六句:for→as;help→helping 第七句:去掉been 第八句:第一个are→is