2019届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars单元学案设计 26页

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit4Astronomy:the science of the stars单元学案设计 话题词汇 ‎1．universe n．宇宙 ‎ ‎2．space n．太空 ‎3．spaceship/spacecraft n．宇宙飞船 ‎4．astronaut n．宇航员 ‎5．orbit n．轨道 ‎6．star n．恒星 ‎7．have a great effect on对……有很大影响 ‎8．make a great difference起很大作用；产生很大影响 ‎9．change one’s life改变某人的生活 ‎10．benefit from得益于，从……获益 话题佳作 随着科技的发展，人类对外层空间的探索越来越深入。你们班据此展开了一次讨论，请根据表格中的内容写一篇短文，并谈谈你的观点和想法。‎ 支持(多数学生)‎ ‎1.探索太空是中国人一直以来的梦想；‎ ‎2.有助于未来中国参与国际竞争。‎ 反对(部分学生)‎ ‎1.探索太空需要大量的金钱，增加国家的负担；‎ ‎2.中国是一个发展中国家，应努力解决其他社会问题。‎ 你的观点和感想 ‎……‎ 佳作欣赏 A survey about the exploration of outer space is conducted in our class.The result shows that different students have different opinions.‎ The majority are in favor of space exploration because the Chinese people have been dreaming of going into outer space for a long time.Exploring space will help China to take part in the international competition in the future.However，some students argue against it.In their opinion，space exploration increases the economic burden，which calls for a large amount of money.In addition，as a developing country，China is supposed to make every effort to solve other social problems.‎ Personally，it’s necessary for us to explore space，and we not only feel happy but also proud of the great achievements made in this field.As a student，I will study hard so that I can make a great contribution to our country.‎ 名师点睛 本文结构清晰：第一段引出话题；第二段说明我们班同学对太空探索两种截然不同的观点；第三段总结自己的观点。文章特色如下：‎ 巧用被动语态引出话题；运用宾语从句表明我们班同学对太空探索有分歧，为下面两种观点的陈述作铺垫；运用原因状语从句、动名词作主语整合信息，说明观点，运用定语从句进一步提出所支持观点的根据运用not only...but also...及结果状语从句总结自己的观点；写作过程中巧妙地使用过渡和衔接词语，如however，in addition，personally等，确保行文连贯，过渡自然。‎ Ⅰ.写作必记单词 ‎1．system n．系统；体系；制度 ‎2．theory n．学说；理论 ‎3．violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的 violence n．暴力 ‎4．unlike prep.与……不同；不像 ‎5．harmful adj.有害的 ‎6．exist vi.生存；存在 ‎7．puzzle vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难；n.谜；难题 puzzled adj.困惑的 ‎8．gentle adj.温和的；文雅的 ‎9．climate n．气候 ‎10．pull n．& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力 Ⅱ.阅读识记单词 ‎11．astronomy n．天文学 ‎12．religion n．宗教；宗教信仰 religious adj.宗教的 ‎13．billion n．& pron.& adj.<英>万亿；<美>十亿 ‎14．globe n．球体；地球仪；地球 ‎15．carbon n．碳 ‎16．atmosphere n．大气层；气氛 ‎17．fundamental adj.基本的；基础的 ‎18．chain n．链子；连锁；锁链 ‎19．multiply vi.& vt.乘；增加 ‎20．oxygen n．氧 ‎21．biology n．生物学 ‎22．gravity n．万有引力；重力 ‎23．physicist n．物理学家 ‎24．extinct adj.灭绝的；绝种的 extinction n．灭绝 ‎25．crash vi.& vt.碰撞；坠落 ‎26．float vt.& vi.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮；n.漂浮物 ‎27．exhaust vt.用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽 语境活用　[用所给词的正确形式填空]‎ ‎1．Li Jiang wants to become a policeman after the Internet voting while Su Hua is puzzled(puzzle) at whom to vote.(2016·江苏)‎ ‎2．Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful(harm) as well.(2015·江苏)‎ ‎3．As more and more people speak the global(globe) languages of English，Chinese，Spanish，and Arabic，other languages are rapidly disappearing.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎4．The debate between science and religion(religious) continues to be heated.‎ ‎5．They were strong and cold，rocking our little camping truck violently(violent)．(2014·湖北)‎ ‎6．One night，when I was eight，my mother gently(gentle) asked me a question I would never forget.(2014·天津)‎ ‎1．in time及时；终于 ‎2．be harmful to/do harm to对……有害 ‎3．lay eggs下蛋 ‎4．give birth to 产生；分娩 ‎5．in one’s turn轮到某人 ‎6．prevent...from 阻止；制止 ‎7．depend on依靠；取决于 ‎8．block out挡住(光线)‎ ‎9．cheer up感到高兴；感到振奋 ‎10．get the hang of熟悉；掌握；理解 ‎11．break out突发；爆发 ‎12．watch out for密切注意；当心；提防 语境活用　[运用上述短语完成片段]‎ Now that we all understand that the haze 1.is harmful to/does harm to(对……有害) our health，we should take effective measures to 2.prevent it from(阻止它) getting bad to worse.No matter what happens，we must 3.cheer up(振作起来)．If we keep on，we’ll succeed 4.in time(最终)．‎ ‎1．make＋宾语＋宾补 This produced a chain reaction，which made it possible for life to develop.‎ 这产生了一个连锁反应，使得生命的发展成为可能。‎ 仿写　在我看来，最好把在我们的老师的帮助下我们经常组织一些课外活动成为一个原则。(2015·广东)‎ In my opinion，it is better to make it a rule that we organize some afterclass activities regularly with the help of our teachers.‎ ‎2．倍数表达法 ‎...I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.‎ ‎……我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。‎ 仿写　这次失败对他来说是一次不小的打击，但是他没有气馁，很快就变得和以往一样有热情了。(2015·福建)‎ The failure was a big blow to him，but he wasn’t discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.‎ ‎3．now that引导原因状语从句 ‎“Oh，dear，” I cried，“walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”‎ ‎“天哪，”我大声说，“既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”‎ 仿写　既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣，我认为这个节日对你来说将会是一个有意义的经历。(2015·全国Ⅱ)‎ Now that you are interested in traditional Chinese cultures，I think this festival will be a worthwhile experience for you.‎ ‎ harmful adj.有害的；造成损害的 ‎(1)If we know that gossip can be harmful，then why do so many of us do it?‎ 如果我们知道流言蜚语是有害的，那么为什么我们中的许多人这样做呢？(2016·浙江)‎ ‎(2)She’s a terrible gossip but she means no harm.‎ 她爱说三道四，不过她没有恶意。‎ ‎(1)be harmful to对……有害 ‎(2)harm n．& vt.伤害；损害 do harm to sb.＝do sb.harm伤害某人 cause harm to sb.伤害某人 mean no harm to...对……没有恶意 There is no harm in doing...做……无害处。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Don’t believe him.No harm has been done(do) to him ever since.‎ ‎(2)As secondhand smoking is harmful(harm) and dangerous，people want a total ban against smoking in public.‎ ‎(3)They don’t usually employ untrained workers，but there’s no harm in trying(try) your fortune.‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(4)如果使用不当，这种药物会对你造成伤害。‎ ‎①If used improperly，the medicine will do/cause harm to you/do you harm.(harm n．)‎ ‎②If used improperly，the medicine will be harmful to you.(harmful)‎ ‎ exist vi.存在，生存 ‎(1)If it weren’t for Rachel Carson，the environmental movement might not exist today.‎ 如果没有蕾切尔·卡逊的话，环保运动今天可能就不存在。(2016·全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎(2)Nowadays，there are still many people wondering when the earth came into existence.‎ 现在仍有许多人想知道地球是何时产生的。‎ ‎(1)exist on靠……为生 There exists/existed...某地有……；存在……‎ ‎(2)existence n．存在；生存 come into existence产生；成立；开始存在 in existence存在 ‎(3)existing adj.(仅用于名词前)目前的，现存的 ‎(1)exist只用作不可数名词，因此没有被动语态，且通常不用于进行时。‎ ‎(2)There exist...表示“存在……”“有……”，there不要换成it。‎ ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)There exists a good way to solve the existing(exist) problem in geography.‎ ‎(2)This is the oldest Hebrew manuscript in existence(exist)．‎ ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(3)你知道这种机器人是什么时候问世的吗？‎ Do you know when this kind of robot came into existence?‎ ‎(4)某位哲学家认为，存在的事物都是合理的。‎ According to some philosopher，everything in existence is reasonable.‎ ‎(5)他们要靠这一点收入生活是不可能的。‎ It was impossible for them to exist on such a small income.‎ ‎ puzzle vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难 n．谜；难题 ‎(1)What puzzles you is actually a puzzle for many parents in China.‎ 使你困惑的事实际上对很多中国父母来说也是个难题。‎ ‎(2)I’m in a puzzle as to what to do next.‎ 对于下一步该做什么我不知道。‎ ‎(1)puzzle over/about苦思冥想；绞尽脑汁 be in a puzzle (about) (对……)不知如何是好 ‎(2)puzzling adj.令人迷惑的 ‎(3)puzzled adj.困惑的；感到迷惑的 be puzzled about对……迷惑不解 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me.‎ ‎(2)He had a puzzled(puzzle) look on his face.‎ ‎(3)His last paintings are perhaps the most puzzling(puzzle)，which even puzzle all the artists.‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(4)消防员对这场火灾的起因困惑不解。‎ ‎①The firemen were in a puzzle about the cause of the fire.(puzzle n．)‎ ‎②The firemen were puzzled about the cause of the fire.(puzzled adj.)‎ ‎ in time及时；终于；迟早 ‎(1)There are some health problems that，when not treated in time，can become bigger ones later on.‎ 有些健康问题，如果不及时处理，以后会变得更严重。‎ ‎(2)It is important to pay your electricity bill on time，as late payments may affect your credit.‎ 按时缴纳电费很重要，因为逾期缴纳可能会影响你的信用。(2016·浙江)‎ on time准时；按时 in no time立即，马上 at no time决不(置于句首时，句子部分倒装) at a time一次 at one time曾经；一度 基础知识训练——[用time的相关短语填空]‎ ‎(1)At no time did I feel they were being unreasonable.‎ ‎(2)The car came to a stop just in time to prevent an accident.‎ ‎(3)You’d better do one thing at a time，so that you can concentrate on it.‎ ‎(4)At one time，that kind of thing would have made me really angry.‎ ‎(5)We’ll do up your car in no time at all.‎ 写作能力提升——[同义句改写]‎ ‎(6)If you study hard，you will succeed in time.‎ If you study hard，you will succeed sooner or later.‎ ‎ cheer up感到高兴；感到振奋 ‎(1)You look as though you need cheering up.‎ 看来你需要振作起来。(牛津词典)‎ ‎(2)Paddy was always cheerful and jolly.‎ 帕迪总是很高兴，很开心。‎ ‎(1)cheer sb.up使某人高兴 cheer...on为……加油 ‎(2)cheerful adj.高兴的；快乐的 ‎(3)Cheers！干杯！‎ ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(1)我们到医院去慰问伤员。‎ We went to the hospital to cheer up the wounded/cheer the wounded up.‎ ‎(2)当我感到忧伤时，我的母亲就给我讲有趣的故事让我高兴起来。‎ When I’m feeling sad，my mother tells me funny stories to cheer me up.‎ ‎(3)我们所做的一切都是为了给我们队加油。‎ What we had done was to cheer our team on.‎ ‎ lay v．放置；搁；下(蛋)，产(卵)‎ ‎[用lay，lie的正确形式填空]‎ ‎(1)The boy lied that the white hen had laid a black egg and that he had laid it in the box which was lying under this bed.‎ ‎(2)Mothers routinely lay babies on their backs to sleep.‎ 动词原形 意义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 lie 说谎 lied lied lying lie 躺；卧；位于 lay lain lying lay 放置；产卵 laid laid laying ‎ prevent...from...阻止；抑制；制止 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Nothing would prevent him from speaking(speak) out against injustice.‎ ‎(2)The laws protect everyone here from being attacked(attack)．‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(3)He was prevented by illness coming to our birthday party.‎ ‎(4)To keep warm，he kept the fire from burning all the night.‎ prevent sb.(from) doing＝stop sb.(from) doing＝keep sb.from doing阻止某人做……(在主动语态中，与stop/prevent搭配的from可以省略；被动语态中from均不可省略。)‎ ‎ This produced a chain reaction， which made it possible for life to develop.这就产生了一个连锁反应，使得生命的发展成为可能。‎ ‎(1)Susan made it clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.‎ 苏珊向我明确表示她希望开始自己的新生活。(2014·山东)‎ ‎(2)The noise in the school makes learning difficult.‎ 学校里的吵闹声让学习变得很难。‎ 在此结构中宾语通常可用it作形式宾语，把真正的宾语置于宾补之后，可用作宾补的有名词、代词、形容词、不带to的动词不定式，过去分词、介词短语等。make变为被动语态时，不定式作主语的补足语要带to。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)People in the west make it a rule to buy(buy) Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.‎ ‎(2)My parents would like to make me study(study) 24 hours a day.‎ ‎(3)The teacher raised his voice so that he could make himself heard(hear)．‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(4)精通这项技术可能会让我们更加有效地利用网络。‎ ‎①Mastering the technology makes it possible for us to use the Internet more effectively.(不定式作宾语)‎ ‎②Mastering the technology makes it possible that we can use the Internet more effectively.(从句作宾语)‎ ‎ ...I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.,……我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。‎ ‎(1)The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times as big as the present one.‎ 正在为下一届亚运会建的新体育馆是现在的体育馆的3倍大。‎ ‎(2)In our county now the grain output is six times that of before.‎ 现在我们县的粮食产量是从前的六倍。‎ 倍数的表达方式：‎ (1)倍数＋as...as...‎ (2)倍数＋比较级＋than (3)倍数＋the size/height/length/width...＋of...‎ (4)倍数＋what从句 (5)倍数＋that of...‎ 基础知识训练——[单句改错]‎ ‎(1)The red ruler is three times at the length of the yellow one.‎ ‎(2)It is shown that men have twice as serious accidents as women do on average while driving according to recent statistics.‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(3)这张桌子是那张的三倍大。‎ ‎①This table is twice bigger than that one.‎ ‎②This table is three times as big as that one.‎ ‎③This table is three times the size of that one.‎ ‎“Oh dear，” I cried，“walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”‎ ‎“天哪，”我大声说，“既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”‎ ‎(1)Now that Chicago’s waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago river，the city’s next step was to clean the polluted river.‎ 既然芝加哥的废水排放到了河里，那么该城市下一步的工作就是净化这条受到污染的河流。(2015·湖南)‎ ‎(2)Since/Now that we have no money we can’t buy a new car.‎ 因为没钱，我们没法买新汽车。‎ now that既然，由于，是连词词组，引导原因状语从句，表示明显的原因或既成的事实。口语中that常可省略。‎ 其他表示原因的连词或介词短语：‎ ‎(1)because因为(表示直接而明确的原因，语气较重，常用于回答why的疑问)‎ ‎(2)since因为；既然(可与now that互换)‎ ‎(3)as因为(语气较弱)‎ ‎(4)for因为(并列连词，引导一个分句，不能置于句首，表示进一步补充说明)‎ ‎(5)due to，because of，on account of，owing to，thanks to，as a result of等 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Since you’re here，why not have a drink?‎ ‎(2)Since it is late，I shall go home now.‎ ‎(3)The school was moved out of downtown as the number of students had grown too large.‎ ‎(4)It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet.‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(5)He was angry because what he said.‎ 写作能力提升——[翻译句子]‎ ‎(6)既然这是最后一次机会，你最好抓住它。‎ Now (that) this is the last chance，you should catch it.‎ ‎(7)他不可能对你撒谎，因为他一向是诚实的。‎ He can’t tell lies to you，for he is always honest.‎ Ⅰ.教材与语法填空 The earth was just 1.a cloud of dust after the “Big Bang”．The earth exploded 2.loudly(loud) with fire and rock.They were in time to produce many things，which were 3.to make(make) the earth’s atmosphere.As the earth cooled down，water began to appear on its surface.It allowed the earth to dissolve 4.harmful(harm) gases.Then life began to develop.‎ Small plants multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen.This encouraged the 5.development(develop) of early shellfish and fish.Land animals such as insects，reptiles and dinosaurs 6.appeared(appear) after green plants appeared.Small clever animals spread all 7.over the earth.They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,8.which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.9.Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can 10.be solved(solve)．‎ Ⅱ.教材与短文改错 Last month I paid a visit the moon with my friend.Before we left，I was told the force of gravity would change three time on our journey.Then we took up.As we left the earth，I became very heavily.Gradually the weight lessen.When I was in space，it was disappeared.We floated weightlessly around in the cabin and I cheered up.When I was on the moon，I was surprising to find even walking needed a bit of practice now that gravity changed.The returning of the earth was very frightened.We were amazed to watch fire broke out on the outside of the ship.‎ 答案 Last month I paid a visit the moon with my friend.Before we left，I was told the force of gravity would change three on our journey.Then we took .As we left the earth，I became very .Gradually the weight .When I was in space，it was disappeared.We floated weightlessly around in the cabin and I cheered up.When I was on the moon，I was to find even walking needed a bit of practice now that gravity changed.The returning the earth was very .We were amazed to watch fire out on the outside of the ship.‎ Ⅲ.教材与微写作 写作素材(关于恐龙)‎ ‎1．据说恐龙曾经是地球的主人。‎ ‎2．恐龙在地球上存活了好多年。‎ ‎3．它们生下小恐龙，温暖的气候使它们迅速繁殖。‎ ‎4．不幸的是，它们未能制止自己的消失。‎ ‎5．此后人类就开始统治这个地球。‎ 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用It was said that...等结构。‎ 连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)‎ It was said that dinosaurs were once the masters of the earth.They existed on the earth for a long time.They gave birth to young babies and the warm climate helped them multiply quickly.Unfortunately，they couldn’t prevent themselves from disappearing and then it was the turn of the humans to control the earth.‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Don’t worry.I’m sure your missing glasses will turn up sooner or later.(2015·湖北)‎ ‎2．I’m looking forward to receiving(receive) your reply at your earliest convenience.(2016·全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎3．Smartphones make it easier and more convenient to check reality，watch video clips，read weibo.(2016·江苏)‎ ‎4．Failure is probably the most exhausting(exhaust) experience a person ever has.(2016·天津)‎ ‎5．Upon arriving at the classroom，the author was cheered(cheer) up by a warm welcome.‎ ‎6．In contemporary culture，physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful(harm) to be tolerated.(2014·江苏)‎ ‎7．True creativity is the ability to take something existing(exist) and create something new from it.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎8．People have long puzzled over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks.(2015·四川)‎ ‎9．China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from being attacked(attack) in the South China Sea.‎ ‎10．The villagers have already known what we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 A ‎(2016·河北石家庄质检)‎ The Adler Planetarium Chicago is home to more than 35,000 square feet of exhibits.From huge models of the Solar System，to ancient astronomical instruments，to interactive adventures，Adler’s exhibit galleries provide a passageway for you to explore the universe.The Adler also offers mini science exploration activities that are quick 10minute lessons.Visitors can learn some interesting astronomical facts at these small activity carts.‎ The Adler Planetarium Chicago is the only museum in the world with two fullsize planetarium theaters.Since 1930，the wonder of the stars has been visible in the historic Sky Theater.Powered by brandnew Digistar 3TM technology，the StarRider Theater is a completely digital，virtual(虚拟的) outer space environment.The famous Zeiss Planetarium projector is able to accurately reproduce the movement of every aspect of the night sky.‎ Do’s and Don’ts：‎ Do Take the Bus/Train：Leave the car at home for this museum trip.The Adler is located within close proximity to public transit.‎ Don’t Miss the Doane Observatory：When weather permits，the Doane is open at the Adler for observing with its 20inch diameter telescope.‎ Don’t Miss Museum Special Events：The Adler offers a summer camp for kids from midJune to August.‎ Ticket Price：‎ Adult：28；child：22.Book online now to save 37%.‎ Hours：‎ Summer Hours：9：30 a．m.－6 p．m.daily.‎ Regular Schedule：‎ Mon.－Fri.10 a．m.－4 p．m.‎ Sat.－Sun.10 a．m.－4：30 p．m.‎ Nearest Transit：Roosevelt Metro Station Address：1300 S Lake Shore Dr，Chicago，IL 60605‎ 语篇解读　本文对芝加哥的阿德勒天文馆进行了简单的介绍，包含参观时间、票价、交通等信息。‎ ‎11．What’s the main function of the Adler Planetarium Chicago?‎ A．Displaying the models of the Solar System.‎ B．Selling ancient astronomical instruments.‎ C．Offering a passageway to explore the universe.‎ D．Giving 10minute lessons to visitors.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...Alder’s exhibit galleries provide a passageway for you to explore the universe.”可知，阿德勒天文馆给游客提供了探索太空的途径，故选C项。‎ ‎12．What can visitors learn in the StarRider Theater?‎ A．The history of the Adler Planetarium Chicago.‎ B．The wonder of the interactive adventures.‎ C．The complicated Digistar 3TM technology.‎ D．The movement of the stars in the night sky.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的最后两句可知，游客在这里能了解到星星在夜空中的运动，因此选D。‎ ‎13．If you want to try the Doane Observatory，you’d better .‎ A．drive your private car B．consider weather conditions C．buy a telescope in advance D．join the Adler’s summer camp 答案　B ‎ 解析　细节理解题。根据“Don’t Miss the Doane Observatory：When weather permits...”可知，选B。‎ ‎14．How much will a couple and two kids at least spend to visit the Adler?‎ A.37. B.63.‎ C.72. D.100.‎ 答案　B 解析　数字计算题。根据Ticket Price部分可知，成年人每人28美元，儿童每人22美元，一对夫妇和两个孩子则是(28×2)＋( 22×2)＝100，如果在网上订，则会在总价的基础上优惠37%，即至少为63美元，故选B项。‎ B ‎(2017·贵州遵义南白中学联考)‎ Most cellphone companies design models especially for kids，but parents are usually the ones buying the phones and pay the bills.According to a recent study,56% of the parents of children aged 8 to 12 have given their children a cellphone.According to a recent YouthBeat survey,12 is the magic number.It is the most common age for kids to get their first cellphone.But 13% of children aged 6 to 10 already have one.That’s more than one out of every 10 kids.‎ Procellphone people，including many parents，note that cellphones help kids keep in touch with their friends and families.They believe that cellphones are an important tool in an emergency.Kids can stay connected with their parents at all times，whether it’s to ask for a ride ‎ home from soccer practice or to receive a goodluck text message moments before a big game.Plus，Some cellphones designed for kids can be controlled with settings that allow the phone to only be used in parentapproved ways.What’s the harm in that?‎ But other people are worried about the health and safety effects of kids’ cellphones.They believe that kids with cellphones could be missing out on other activities，such as playing outside with friends or hanging out with friends，and that sending text messages while doing homework makes it difficult for kids to concentrate.They say that kids are spending too much time texting instead of talking to each other.“Our brains evolved to communicate face to face，” says Gary Small，a professor of psychiatry at the UCLA School of Medicine，in California.“A lot of this is lost with texting.” And some experts are also concerned about possible health risks.They worry that radiation(辐射) released by cellphone could be harmful to young people.To be safe，many pediatricians(儿科医生) advise limiting talk time.‎ 语篇解读　本文属于议论文，主要讲述了现在很多孩子都有自己的手机，并分析了孩子使用手机的优缺点。‎ ‎15．The recent YouthBeat survey suggests that .‎ A．most kids are eager to have their own cellphones B．the number twelve can bring us good luck C．more than half of the parents can afford to buy cellphones D．many kids have their first cellphone at the age of 12‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...12 is the magic number.It is the most common age for kids to get their first cellphone.”可知，很多孩子在12岁的时候就有第一部手机了。故选D。‎ ‎16．Procellphone people probably refer to those who think that kids ‎ A．had better make more friends B．may lose touch with others C．mustn’t own cellphones D．should have cellphones 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Procellphone people，including many parents，note that cellphones help kids keep in touch with their friends and families.”可知，Procellphone people是支持学生用手机的人。故选D。‎ ‎17．According to Gary Small，cellphones .‎ A．bring much pleasure to most of the kids B．reduce kids’ communication face to face C．waste us a lot of money D．are of great benefit to many kids 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Our brains evolved to communicate face to face”及“A lot of this is lost with texting.”可知，Gary Small认为手机减少孩子面对面交流的机会。故选B。‎ ‎18．The author’s attitude toward the fact that kids have cellphones is ‎ A．supportive B．negative C．objective D．optimistic 答案　C 解析　观点态度题。文章第一段说明很多学生使用手机的现象；第二段是支持学生使用手机的人的观点；第三段是反对学生使用手机的的人观点。由此可知，作者只是客观地说明了学生使用手机这一现象。故选C。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2017·河北武邑中学调研)‎ Online shopping is coming into fashion in most cities，where people are able to make full use of the rapidlydeveloped Internet technology.Nowadays，can we find a person 19. has not experienced online shopping? Definitely not.‎ Online shopping 20. (welcome) by most people due to various reasons.From the perspective of consumers，it can save some time for people who don’t have much spare time.Just click the mouse，and they can get 21. they want while staying at home.For the retailers，it can cut some costs for those who don’t have much circulating funds.22. (compare) with the traditional trade mode，they don’t have to spend money in renting a house.23. ，there are still some disadvantages in online shopping.First，a facetoface deal makes online shopping less 24. (rely) and trustworthy.Second，people will lose 25. fun of bargaining.‎ ‎26． is undeniable that shopping on the Internet has become an irresistible trend in modern society.It’s of great urgency that we need to make the relative laws in accordance 27. the rapid growth of online shopping.Only in this way can we enjoy the pleasure and 28. (convenient) of online shopping without the concern of being cheated.‎ ‎19．答案　who/that 解析　本题中定语从句的先行词是a person，关系代词who/that指代先行词，引导这个定语从句并在句中做主语。故填who/that。‎ ‎20．答案　is welcomed 解析　本句主语online shopping与动词welcome构成被动关系，且本文通篇使用一般现在时，所以使用is welcomed表示被动。‎ ‎21．答案　what/whatever 解析　考查宾语从句。本题中what/whatever引导宾语从句，并在句中作动词want的宾语，whatever的语气比what更为强烈。句意为：只要点击鼠标，坐在家里他们就能够得到他们想要的一切。故填what/whatever。‎ ‎22．答案　Compared 解析　句意为：和传统的贸易模式相比，他们不用花很多钱租房子，作状语为独立主格结构。compared with与……相比。‎ ‎23．答案　However 解析　前面都在介绍网上购物的好处，根据横线后的句子“...there are still some disadvantages in online shopping.”知上下文之间是转折关系，故填However。‎ ‎24．答案　reliable 解析　横线后面有并列连词and，知横线上应该使用形容词和trustworthy构成并列关系，动词rely的形容词形式是reliable。故填 reliable。‎ ‎25．答案　the 解析　在英语中定冠词the通常表示特指，本句中名词fun的后面有介词短语“of bargaining”修饰，说明表示特指，所以使用定冠词the修饰。故填 the。‎ ‎26．答案　It 解析　英语中只有it可以作形式主语和形式宾语。本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that引导的主语从句。故填It。‎ ‎27．答案　with 解析　in accordance with依照；与……一致。故填with。‎ ‎28．答案　convenience 解析　横线前面有并列连词and连接，说明横线所填之词要和pleasure构成并列关系，所以都要使用名词修饰。而形容词convenient的名词是convenience。故填convenience。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎(2017·安徽马鞍山二十二中月考)‎ I’d like to talking about my most memorable experience.It was the trip to Australia I had three years before with my dance group to participate in international dance festival.It was the first time I had travelled by plane in my life.My mum worried a lot，so everything went smoothly.I stayed there for two week and it was the happiest time in my life.Besides our performances there，we have much excitement.We spent on almost every morning sunbathing on the beautiful beach and swam in the blue sea.But warmly Australian nights were which I adored most of all.It was a time of joy，light，music and summer parties.‎ 答案　‎ I’d like to about my most memorable experience.It was the trip to Australia I had three years with my dance group to participate in international dance festival.It was the first time I had travelled by plane in my life.My mum worried a lot， everything went ‎ smoothly.I stayed there for two and it was the happiest time in my life.Besides our performances there，we much excitement.We spent on almost every morning sunbathing on the beautiful beach and in the blue sea.But Australian nights were I adored most of all.It was a time of joy，light，music and summer parties.‎ ‎29．答案　talking→talk 解析　考查动词不定式。would like to do sth.想要做某事。故talking改为 talk。‎ ‎30．答案　before→ago 解析　考查副词。three years ago 3年前。故before改为ago。‎ ‎31．答案　international前加an 解析　考查冠词。参加一个国际舞蹈节。international的首字母发音为元音，故international前加an。‎ ‎32．答案　so→but 解析　考查连词。句意为：我母亲很担忧，但是一切进展顺利。前后为转折关系，故so改为but。‎ ‎33．答案　week→weeks 解析　考查名词单复数。week为可数名词，根据前面的two可知应该用复数形式。故week改为weeks。‎ ‎34．答案　have→had 解析　本文主要回忆过去发生的事情，故应用一般过去时。故have改为had。‎ ‎35．答案　删除on 解析　考查介词。spend为及物动词，后面直接跟宾语。故删除on。‎ ‎36．答案　swam→swimming 解析　考查动名词。swimming in the blue sea应该与前面的sunbathing on the beautiful beach并列。故swam改为swimming。‎ ‎37．答案　warmly→warm 解析　考查形容词。此处应该使用形容词修饰名词Australian nights。故warmly改为warm。‎ ‎38．答案　which→what 解析　考查表语从句。本句是一个表语从句，且从句中 I adored most of all缺宾语。故which改为what。‎