2019届一轮复习译林版选修六Unit4Helpingpeoplearoundtheworld单元学案设计（15页） 15页

‎2019届一轮复习译林版选修六Unit 4 Helping people around the world单元学案设计 学习目标 重点词汇 lack, worthy, worthwhile// under the umbrella of, equal, voluntary, contribute,‎ expand, possession, means, obtain, remind 重点短语 refer to, in addition// draw one’s attention to, break down, in chaos, get hold of,‎ think back to, make a difference 重点句型 if only as引导的定语从句 知识讲解 重点词汇 lack ‎【原句回放】..., the UN helps countries with other problems such as lack of education，lack of food，poverty，disasters and disease. ……，联合国帮助那些国家解决其他问题，如缺乏教育、缺乏食物，贫穷，自然灾害和疾病。‎ ‎【点拨】lack vt. 缺乏，缺少，没有 (不用于被动语态)‎ vi. 缺乏；需要 (＋for)‎ n. 缺乏，没有 (常与介词of连用)‎ 常用搭配：‎ ‎1. 动词lack lack +n. 缺少……‎ lack for + n. (多用于否定句中)需求；需要 ‎2. 名词lack for/ through lack of + n. 因缺乏……‎ ‎(a) lack of +n. 缺乏……‎ no lack of 不缺乏 The plants lack water; please water them, or they’ll die.‎ 这些植物缺水；请浇水，否则它们会死的。‎ The children lack for nothing although their parents are poorly dressed.‎ 这些小孩什么都不缺，虽然他们的父母穿得不好。‎ Many people can’t afford to buy a house because of lack of money.‎ 因为缺钱，许多人买不起房子。‎ There was no lack of volunteers.‎ 志愿者不乏其人。‎ ‎【拓展】lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的 be lacking in 在(抽象事物方面)缺乏 None of his plans ever comes through because he is lacking in determination.‎ 他的计划没有一个成功，因为他没有决心。‎ worthy ‎【原句回放】With the help of these armies and other worthy organizations, the UN assists the victims of wars and disasters. 在这些军队和其他一些可敬的组织的协助下，联合国为战争及灾难的受害者提供援助。‎ ‎【点拨】worthy adj. 有价值的，可尊敬的，值得的，配得上的 常用搭配：‎ be worthy of＋n. 值得某物 be worthy of being done 值得做某事 be worthy to be done值得做某事 This is a worthy EnglishChinese dictionary.‎ 这是一本有价值的英汉词典。‎ It was difficult to find words worthy of that occasion.‎ 很难找到适合于那种场合的言词。‎ ‎【拓展】worth, worthy, worthwhile 此三词都是形容词，均可表示“值得的”。‎ worth 后接名词或相当于名词的词，即be worth doing sth./ n.，常用well修饰。‎ worthy 形容词，可以作定语，与worth同义，但搭配不相同。‎ worthwhile 形容词，用作表语或定语，常用very修饰；常用句型It’s worthwhile doing/ to do sth.‎ worthwhile // under the umbrella of ‎【原句回放】There are lots of worthwhile programmes like this under the umbrella of the UN that have helped millions of people across the world. 在联合国的管理体系中还有很多此类重要的项目，它们已经为全世界数以百万计的人提供了帮助。‎ ‎【点拨1】worthwhile adj. 重要的；令人愉快的；值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)‎ 常用搭配：It’s worthwhile doing/ to do sth. 做某事是值得的 The teacher recommended some really worthwhile novels to his students.‎ 那个老师推荐给他的学生们一些真正有价值的小说。‎ It is worthwhile improving/ to improve working conditions for the workers.‎ 努力提高工人的工作条件是值得的。‎ Do you think it worthwhile quarrelling with her? 你认为与她吵值得吗?‎ ‎【助记】This article is well worth reading, but it is not worthy of being translated. So I feel that all your effort isn’t worthwhile.‎ 这篇文章很值得一读，但不值得翻译，因此我觉得你的所有努力都是不值得的。‎ ‎【点拨2】under the umbrella of 在……的保护下，由……管理 The action was taken under the umbrella of the government.‎ 这个行动是在政府的保护下进行的。‎ Those who state are under the umbrella of the superpower.‎ 那些提出声明的国家在超级大国的庇护之下。‎ ‎【拓展】under 表示“处于……状态”‎ under way 在进行中 under construction 在建设中 under repair 在维修中 under control 在控制中 equal ‎【原句回放】In addition, the UN helps protect human rights and works to improve international laws, for example, those on child labour and on equal rights for minorities and women. 此外，联合国还协助保护人权，致力于改进各种国际法律，如有关童工的法律及有关少数民族和妇女的平等权利的法律。‎ ‎【点拨】equal adj. 平等的；同等的，相同的；胜任的 n. 同等的人；相等物 vt. 与……相同或相等 常用搭配：be equal to sth. / doing sth. (in. . . ) (在……方面)与……相等；能胜任，能应付 equal sb. / sth. in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事上比得过，敌得过某人/物 ‎(be)without equal 无与伦比 He cut the paper in four equal pieces. 他把纸裁成大小相等的4张。‎ After a month’s training, he became equal to the work as a tractor driver.‎ 经过一个月的训练后，他能胜任拖拉机驾驶员的工作了。‎ She equals him in mental power but not in physical strength.‎ 她的智力比得上他，但是体力就不如他了。‎ Two plus two equals four. 2加2等于4。‎ ‎【拓展】equally adv. 相等地，相同地 equality n. 平等，同等；均等 voluntary ‎【原句回放】My job with the UN is not paid but voluntary, and as I said before , I visit countries where the UN has programmes to help people. 我在联合国的工作不是拿薪水而是自愿的，正如我前面所说的，我访问一些国家，联合国在这些国家内有着帮助人们的计划。‎ ‎【点拨】voluntary adj. 自愿的，志愿的，无偿的 When she retired, she did a lot of voluntary work for the Red Cross.‎ 她退休后为红十字会做了许多义务工作。‎ More and more people are now working in poor countries on a voluntary basis.‎ 现在越来越多的人自愿在贫穷国家工作。‎ ‎（on a voluntary basis 基于自愿，以自愿为原则）‎ ‎【拓展】volunteer n. 志愿者；‎ v. 自愿或无偿地给予帮助 常见搭配：volunteer to do sth. 自愿/志愿做某事 The center needs more volunteers to help children to read.‎ 中心需要更多的志愿者帮孩子们读书。‎ The company volunteered to donate fifty computers to help the disabled people.‎ 这家公司自愿捐出50台电脑帮助那些残疾人。‎ I volunteered my services as a driver.‎ 我作为司机自愿服务。‎ contribute ‎【原句回放】They collect approximately 1.35 yuan per day from each member and add it to some money contributed by the government.‎ ‎ 她们每天从每个成员那里募集大约1.35元，将这些钱和政府资助给她们的一些钱加在一起。‎ ‎【点拨】contribute vt. & vi. 捐献，捐助；贡献；促成，导致；投稿 常用搭配 contribute (sth.) to. . . 向……捐款；投稿 contribute to 有助于 He contributed two stories to the summer issue and to his excitement, they all came out later.‎ 他投了两篇故事给夏季版，让他高兴的是，后来这两篇文章都发表了。‎ Many millionaires and billionaires are keen on contributing to charities.‎ 很多百万富翁和亿万富翁都热衷于捐助慈善团体。‎ Exercise contributes to better health.‎ 锻炼能促进更强健的体魄。‎ ‎【拓展】contribution n. 贡献；捐赠，捐助；投稿 make a contribution/ contributions to 为……作贡献；向……投稿；捐款给……‎ expand ‎【原句回放】With luck their group will be able to expand and maybe set up a shop. 运气好的话，她们的团体会进一步扩大，或许还能开一个店铺。‎ ‎【点拨】expand v. 扩大，扩展；增加；增长；（使）膨胀；详述 常用搭配：‎ expand...into... 将……扩展/发展成……‎ expand on 阐述；详谈 He is thinking of expanding his business.‎ 他在正考虑扩大他的生意。‎ In ten years the city’s population expanded by 12%.‎ 十年之中，该市人口增加了百分之十二。‎ ‎【拓展】expand, extend, spread, stretch expand 意为“展开，扩大”，不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。‎ extend 意为“伸出，延伸”，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度或时间的延长。‎ spread 意为“传播；蔓延；铺开”。一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播（疾病），散布（信息）等。‎ stretch 意为“伸展(身体等)，拉长；连绵”，一般指由曲变直，由短变长的伸展，不是加长。‎ possession ‎【原句回放】Possessions ‎【点拨】possession n. [U] 拥有，具有，占有，持有 pl. 个人财产，私人物品 常用搭配：‎ in possession of/ in one’s possession 拥有 (主语是人)‎ in the possession of 为（某人）所拥有（主语为物）‎ come into possession 得到，落入 have/ get possession of 占有，拥有 take possession of 占领，夺取 The people had to gather up their few possessions and flee to the hills.‎ 人们不得不收拾起仅有的一点财物，逃到山里去。‎ You can’t take possession of the house until all the papers have been signed.‎ 在各项文件签完字以前，你不能拥有那房屋。‎ Their opponents were in possession of the ball for most of the match.‎ ‎=The ball was in the possession of their opponents for most of the match.‎ 他们的对手在比赛的大部分时间里控制着球。‎ ‎【拓展】possess v. (使)占有，(使)拥有 be possessed of拥有，占有 means ‎【原句回放】Health care is limited as there are no doctors or nurses in the villages and again no one has the means to pay for them. 医疗保健受到了限制，因为在村里没有医生护士，也没有人能够为他们付得起费用。‎ ‎【点拨】means n. [C] 手段，方法 注意：means单复数同形(永远有词尾-s)，作主语时，谓语的数需根据句意来确定，有时单复数意思不明，谓语可用单数也可用复数。‎ Taking a plane is the quickest means of getting there.‎ 去那儿最快的办法是坐飞机。‎ Most means have been used to get him to change his mind, but one means is still to be tried.‎ 为了转变他的想法，大多数办法都用过了，但是有一种办法还没有试过。‎ The end is good, but the means is/are bad.‎ 结局很好，但采取的手段是不好的。‎ ‎【拓展1】means构成的短语 by means of 用，依靠；通过 by all means 无论如何；千方百计地；当然可以 by no means 绝对不；无论如何都不 (用于句首时主谓部分倒装)‎ She is by no means an inexperienced teacher.‎ 她绝不是个毫无经验的教师。‎ By all means，drink plenty of water while exercising.‎ 当然，锻炼时可以多喝水。‎ ‎【拓展2】辨析approach, means, way, method ‎1. approach通常指抽象意义上的方法。常用结构：approach to ＋ n. / doing。‎ ‎2. means指实现目的的任何手段，或使用某种交通工具的方式。‎ ‎3. way的使用范围很广，但较多地用在具体的事情上或口语中。‎ ‎4. method指有条理的，系统的办法，特别指新的办法，多与with搭配。‎ 注意：with this method ＝ in this way＝ by this means 用这种方法 obtain ‎【原句回放】The trees around the villages are gone, so people have to walk further and further away to obtain wood for cooking and heating. 村子周围的树木都已经消失了，所以人们不得不走到很远的地方去找柴来做饭和取暖。‎ ‎【点拨】obtain vt. & vi. （尤指经努力）获得，赢得 I haven’t been able to obtain that book. 我还没有得到那本书。‎ Further information can be obtained from head office by calling up the secretary.‎ 进一步的信息可以通过给秘书打电话从总公司获取。‎ ‎【拓展】区别：obtain，acquire，gain，get ‎1. obtain意为“获得，取得”，不含“难以获得”之意，但可能经历了较长时间。‎ ‎2. acquire多用于通过不断“学”、“问”等慢慢地获得“学问，技术”等较为抽象的东西。‎ ‎3. gain含义较obtain近一层，表示付出更大的努力才能获得，意为“赢得”。‎ ‎4. 普通用语，get指“以某种方法或手段得到某种东西”。‎ remind ‎【原句回放】It reminded me of my time in Sudan，where several MSF staff were attacked as people tried to get the food. 这使我想起在苏丹的日子，人们在争夺食物时，好几位“无国界医生组织”的成员遭到了攻击。‎ ‎【点拨】remind v. 提醒，使想起 常用搭配：‎ remind sb. to do sth. / sb. that. 提醒某人……‎ remind sb. of (doing) sth. 提醒某人注意(将来的)某事；使某人想起 (过去的)某事 That reminds me of a joke I heard last week.‎ 那让我想起了上周听到的一个笑话。‎ He reminded me to lock up the house when I go out.‎ 他提醒我外出时锁好屋子的门窗。‎ Remind me to phone Alan before I go out.‎ 提醒我出去之前给艾伦打电话。‎ Can you remind me what I should do next?‎ 你能告诉我下一步该做什么了吗？‎ These notes will remind you how to present your ideas.‎ 这些笔记可以帮你记起怎样讲清楚你的想法。‎ 重点短语 refer to ‎【原句回放】I am pleased to have this chance today to talk to you about the United Nations or the UN，as it is more often referred to. 我很高兴今天有机会同大家谈谈联合国，联合国在英文里常被称为UN。‎ ‎【点拨】refer to 谈及，提到；与……相关，涉及；查阅，参考 注意：refer加-ed和-ing时，要双写r。‎ The victims were not referred to by name. 没有提到受害人的姓名。‎ When I said some people were stupid I wasn’t referring to you.‎ 我说有人真傻，我不是指你。‎ If you don’t know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer to the dictionary.‎ 如果你不知道词的确切意思，你可以查词典。‎ ‎（refer to a dictionary = look the word up in a dictionary）‎ These regulations refer to every foreigner.‎ 这些规则适用于每个外国人。‎ He referred to us for information.‎ 他向我们打听事情。‎ ‎【拓展】reference n. 谈到，提及；参考 in/ with reference to 关于……‎ make a reference to 谈到 in addition // draw one’s attention to ‎【原句回放】In addition，my visits will encourage people working on the projects and draw local people’s attention to the situation. 此外，我的访问还会鼓励那些致力于联合国项目的人，吸引当地人对有关状况的关注。‎ ‎【点拨1】in addition 除……以外，还，此外 We met some friends and other people in addition.‎ 我们遇见几位朋友，还遇见其他一些人。‎ You need money and time, in addition, you need diligence.‎ 你需要金钱和时间，此外你还需要努力。‎ ‎【拓展】in addition to 除……以外，除……之外还 (to为介词)‎ In addition to giving a general introduction to computers, the course also provides practical experience. 该课程除了大致介绍电脑知识外，还提供实际操作的体验。‎ ‎【点拨2】draw someone’s attention (to) 吸引某人的注意力(到……)，使某人注意(……)‎ A familiar sound drew his attention when he was walking on the street.‎ 他在街上正走着，一个熟悉的声音引起了他的注意。‎ What his father said drew his attention to the business he ran.‎ 他父亲的一番话使他把注意力放到自己经营的生意上来。‎ ‎【拓展】attention构成的短语 attract/ catch one’s attention 引起某人的注意 bring sth. to one’s attention 使某物得到某人的注意 fix one’s attention on 留意，专心于 pay attention to 注意 break down ‎【原句回放】Unfortunately，if the pump breaks down，the repairing of the pump takes several days，as an engineer has to come from the nearest town to repair it. 不幸的是，如果水泵坏了的话，修好它得用好多天，因为得从最近的城镇请工程师来修。‎ ‎【点拨】break down 出毛病，不运转；(身体)垮掉；失败；遭受失败；中止，分解 The elevator broke down and we had to walk up to the tenth floor.‎ 电梯出了故障，我们不得不步行走上十楼。‎ Her health broke down under the pressure of work.‎ 她因工作压力身体垮掉了。‎ The talks broke down completely in June.‎ 会谈六月份完全破裂了。‎ The newly published booklet breaks down into three parts.‎ 新出版的小册子分成了三部分。‎ ‎【拓展】break构成的短语 break away from 从……中脱离 break in 闯入；打断 break into 闯入(后接宾语) break out (火灾、战争等)突然发生，爆发 break through 突破(障碍，包围等) break up 分开；驱散；解散；结束，终止 break off 断开；突然终止 in chaos ‎【原句回放】Arrived here to find everything was in chaos. 来到这儿，发现一切都乱糟糟的。‎ ‎【点拨】in chaos 在吵闹中，在混乱中，乱七八糟 The strong wind left the garden in chaos.‎ 大风刮得花园凌乱不堪。‎ His study is in chaos; it takes long time to put his papers in order.‎ 他的书房一片狼藉，整理好他的文件要花好长时间。‎ ‎【拓展】in+名词（in表示“在……状态中”）‎ in debt 在负债中 in anger 在生气 in silence 安安静静地 in comfort 舒适地 in difficulty/trouble 在困难中/有麻烦 in poverty 在贫穷中 get hold of ‎【原句回放】One of the health problems is that people who have regular medication cannot get hold of it in a disaster such as this. 影响到健康的问题之一是，那些需要定期服药的病人遇到这样的洪灾后很难得到药品。‎ ‎【点拨】get hold of 抓住，抓牢 It’s almost impossible to get hold of tickets for the final.‎ 几乎不可能弄到决赛的门票。‎ He’s got hold of his subject.‎ 他对他的题目把握得很好。‎ ‎【拓展】catch hold of 抓住，握住 He caught hold of her hands so that she couldn’t get away.‎ 他抓住她的手使她无法挣脱。‎ think back to ‎【原句回放】When I think back to all the experiences that I have had around the world since joining MSF，I feel that I have been very lucky to be able to help others and do something worthwhile. 每当我回想起自我加入“无国界医生组织”以来我在世界各地的经历时，我就感觉到能够帮助别人做一些有价值的事情是一种幸运。‎ ‎【点拨】think back to 回想起 When I think back to that day，I can barely recall how she looked.‎ 当我追忆那一天时，我基本上想不起她当时的表情了。‎ The photographs made me think back to my schooldays.‎ 这些照片使我想起我的学生时代。‎ ‎【拓展】think构成的短语 think of 考虑，想起，想出 think over 仔细考虑 think about 想，考虑，思考 think of … as … 把……看作……‎ think out 认真考虑，想出 think highly/ well of 高度评价 make a difference ‎【原句回放】I know I can’t change the whole world，but I’m proud that I can help here and there，and make a difference to people’s lives. 我知道我不能改变整个世界，但是我很自豪，因为我能到处帮忙，能对人们的生活起作用。‎ ‎【点拨】make a difference 对……有影响 Where you live can make such a difference to the way you feel.‎ 你住的地方可以非常大地影响你的想法。‎ The sea air has made a difference to her health.‎ 海边的空气对她的健康有很大影响。‎ ‎【拓展】含difference的短语 make no/ little/ much difference to 对……没有/几乎没有/有很大影响 make a difference between 区别对待 be of little/ no/ much difference (某物)几乎没有/没有/有很大作用 tell the difference between A and B 区分A和B；说出A和B的不同 重点句型 if only ‎【原句回放】If only there were more people donating money to charity collections!‎ 要是有更多的人为慈善组织捐款就好了！‎ ‎【点拨】if only 但愿……；要是……就好了 if only引出一种愿望，谓语动词一般用虚拟语气，具体形式：‎ ‎1. could/ would do表示对将来事情的愿望；‎ ‎2. 一般过去式（be用were）表示与目前或现在事实相反的愿望；‎ ‎3. had done表示与过去相反的愿望。‎ I’m worried about the coming exams. If only I could have time to review my lessons.‎ 我对即将到来的考试非常担心。如果我有时间复习该有多好啊。‎ If only I were younger!‎ 要是我年轻点儿就好了！‎ If only I hadn’t spent so much time before TV then.‎ 要是那时我不在电视前面呆那么长时间就好了。‎ as引导的定语从句 ‎【原句回放】I am pleased to have this chance today to talk to you about the United Nations or the UN，as it is more often referred to. 我很高兴今天有机会同大家谈谈联合国的情况。联合国在英文里常被称为UN。‎ ‎【点拨】as引导的定语从句 ‎1. as引导限制性定语从句，先行词常有such，so，the same修饰。as代替先行词在从句中作主语或宾语。‎ I have never heard such stories as he tells. 我从未听过他讲的这类故事。‎ She wore the same dress as her young sister wore. 她穿着和她妹妹一样的连衣裙。‎ 对比：‎ The boy had never heard such a story that he wanted his father to tell one more.‎ 男孩从没有听过这样的故事，他想让父亲再讲一个。（such... that 如此的……以至于）‎ She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding.‎ 她穿着在玛丽婚礼上穿的那条连衣裙。（the same... that 同一条）‎ ‎2. 引导非限制性定语从句，as代替整个句子，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，意为“正如…….”；可放主句前、主句后，或句中，一般用逗号和主句隔开。‎ As is well known, great changes have taken place in China.‎ 众所周知，中国发生了巨大的变化。‎ This experiment is very simple, as indeed it is.‎ 实验非常简单，事实上也确实如此。‎ Unit 4 Helping people around the world语言点 巩固练习 一、单词填空 根据句意及所给汉语提示或首字母用本课单词的正确形式完成句子。‎ ‎1. I rang Joan and r ________ her that the conference had been cancelled.‎ ‎2. It was an unpopular policy and caused a number of c _________ within the party.‎ ‎3. It happened in the r_________ past, so no one worries about it any more.‎ ‎4. She does v_________ work for the Red Cross two days a week.‎ ‎5. In those days, dental equipment was p________ and a visit to the dentist was a painful experience. ‎ ‎6. Her plight (苦难) has t________ the hearts of people around the world.‎ ‎7. None f us can e________ her, either in beauty or as a dancer.‎ ‎8. A university professor who used his modest ________ (方法) to collect over 300 valuable artworks has donated them to the National Gallery.‎ 二、选词填空 从下面方框中选出适当的短语或单词并用其正确形式填空。‎ refer to, under the umbrella of, draw attention to, break down,‎ in chaos, get hold of, think back to, make a difference 1. He ___________ his childhood when he was in that faraway village.‎ 2. The scientists _________ the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.‎ 3. It won’t ____________ whether you go today or tomorrow.‎ 4. The small island was __________ Britain before it gained its independence in1970.‎ 5. If your bike ________ on the way to the village, can you repair it by yourself?‎ 6. A headline on the front page ___________ the fuller story inside.‎ 7. The house was ________after the party. It took Tom three days to clean it up.‎ 8. It is also impossible to________ a ticket for tonight’s concert. It sold out three days ago.‎ 三、单项选择 ‎1. Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a ________ of exercise.‎ A．limit B．lack C．need D．demand ‎2. ________is known to everybody，the moon travels around the earth once every month.‎ A．It B．As C．That D．What ‎3. —How about your journey to Mount Emei?‎ ‎ —Everything was wonderful except that our car _______ twice on the way.‎ A．slowed down B．broke down C．got down D．put down ‎4. ________not to miss the flight at 15:20，the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.‎ A．Reminding B．Reminded C．To remind D．Having reminded ‎5. The island is ______ attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons. ‎ A. partly B. merely C. nearly D. equally ‎6. Mistakes don’t just happen; they occur for a reason. Find out the reason, and then making the mistake becomes ________. ‎ A. favourable B. precious C. essential D. worthwhile ‎7. —Do you think their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games? ‎ ‎—_________. Ours is much stronger than theirs. ‎ A. Of course B. It depends C. Don’t mention it D. By no means ‎8. Why don’t you bring _______ to his attention that you’re too ill to work on? ‎ A. that B. it C. this D. him ‎9. _______I were rich, I would go travelling around the world.‎ A. If only B. Even if C. What if D. Only if ‎10. Does it make any ________ whether we leave at 9:00 or at 10:00?‎ A. difference B. time C. different D. point ‎11. Mr. Hughes’s agency is one of the community agencies _________ of the National Community Action Foundation (NCAF) in Washington, D.C.‎ A. under the help B. under the charge C. under the umbrella D. under the aid ‎12. Now he is improving his English by _________ of reading and listening to it a lot every day.‎ A. method B. approach C. way D. means ‎13. The better use you can make _____ time，the greater contributions you will make _____ society.‎ A．in；to B．of；to C．on；for D．up；for ‎14. The work of the charity is funded by ________ donations.‎ A. theoretical B. superb C. voluntary D. specific ‎15. The company Tom is ______ was once _______ his uncle.‎ A. in possession of, in the possession of B. in the possession of, in possession of C. in possession of, in possession of D. in the possession of, in the possession of ‎16. The business has _________ from having one branch company to having twelve.‎ A. spread B. expanded C. supported D. explained ‎17. _________ the construction mentioned above, we have also learned phrases.‎ A. Except B. Except for C. In addition to D. But for ‎18. I ________ this book for you with difficulty and hope it will be helpful to you.‎ A. objected B. brought C. obtained D. made ‎19. The traffic in the city is ________ in the rush hour.‎ A. chaos B. in the chaos C. in chaos D. a chaos ‎20. ________ my school days in the countryside in England, I find it nice to have all my friends around me.‎ A. Looking back on B. Looking up to C. Look back on D. Looked down upon 答案与解析：‎ 一、单词填空 ‎1. reminded 2. conflicts 3. remote（遥远的） 4. voluntary 5. primitive（落后，原始）‎ ‎6. touched 7. equal 8. means 疑难解析：‎ ‎2. 句意：那是个不受欢迎的政策，在政党中引起了很多的冲突。conflict 冲突。‎ 二、选词填空 ‎1. thought back to 2. referred to 3. make a difference 4. under the umbrella of ‎5. breaks down 6. draws attention to 7. in chaos 8. get hold of 三、单项选择 ‎1. B。a lack of 缺乏。句意：“健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺少锻炼密切相关。”‎ ‎2. B。as作为关系代词引导一个非限制性定语从句。句意是：“正如大家所知道的，月球每一个月绕地球运行一周。”如果用It，则应该表达成主语从句的形式。即：It is known to everybody that the moon travels around the earth once every month.‎ ‎3. B。句意：——峨眉山之游感觉如何呀？——其它都很好，就是我们的车在路上抛锚了两次。slow down 放慢(速度)，(使)减速；break down 损坏，(健康等)垮掉，崩溃；get down下来，写下，使沮丧；put down记下。‎ ‎4. B。句意：有人提醒经理不要错过15∶20的航班，他匆忙出发去了机场。本题考查非谓语动词作状语，主句主语the manager与remind之间的关系为逻辑上的被动关系，排除A、C、D三项，因为这三项表主动，而只有B项表被动。‎ ‎5. D。考查副词。partly“部分地”；merely“仅仅”；nearly“几乎”；equally“平等地，同样地”。句意：因为春秋两个季节的天气都非常怡人，所以这个小岛在这两个季节都很吸引人。根据句意以及四个选项的意思可知选D。‎ ‎6. D。句意：错误不会无缘无故地发生，而是有原因的；找到错误原因，从而使犯错误变得有价值。根据句意，选择D项（worthwhile 有价值的）。favourable赞许的，称赞的，(条件)优惠的；precious 珍贵的；essential必不可少的，均不合题意。‎ ‎7. D。根据“我们的乒乓球队比他们的队强多了”，对方的队“绝不可能”赢，所以选By no means(决不，绝不可能，一点也不)，相当于 not at all。Of course 当然；It depends 看情况；Don’t mention it 不用谢。‎ ‎8. B。考查代词。句意：为什么你不让他注意到你病得太严重了以至于不能继续工作了？it作形式宾语指代后面that引导的从句，故选B。bring sth. to one’s attention 引起某人的注意。‎ ‎9. A。if only 要是……(就好了)，表示假设，符合句意。even if 即使；only if 只有(当)；what if 如果……将会怎么样。‎ ‎10. A。句意：我们九点出发或十点出发有关系吗？make a difference 意为“有关系，有影响”，在问句中用any。‎ ‎11. C。注意介词的搭配。under the umbrella of 由……管理。其他的选项的介词都有误，正确的写法是：with the help of 在……的帮助下；in the charge of 由……负责；with the aid of 借助于。‎ ‎12. D。by means of 通过，用。句意：现在他通过每天多听多读英语而提高了自己的英语。其它三个选项与前后的介词搭配都不对。‎ ‎13. B。此句是固定句型：the +比较级+其它，the +比较级+其它，此句型形容词提前时，所修饰的名词要一起提前；把名词还原到原位置，可以看到两个短语：make use of（利用）和make contributions to（对……做出贡献），因此得到要填的介词of和to，因此选B。‎ ‎14. C。voluntary 自愿的；theoretical 理论上的；superb 卓越的；specific 明确的，详尽的。句意：这家慈善机构工作所需要的资金是人们自愿捐赠的。fund 为……提供资金。‎ ‎15. A。in possession of 拥有；in the possession of (某物)为某人所占有/持有。‎ ‎16. B。句意：这个公司已从拥有一个分公司发展到拥有12个分公司了。expand意为“扩大，扩充”，符合句意；spread 铺开；support 支持；explain 解释。‎ ‎17. C。从题干里的also可知需要填的是“除了……还有”，选项A、B都不合题意。but for 意为“要不是”，也不合题意。‎ ‎18. C。句意：我费了好大的劲才给你找到这本书，希望对你有用。obtain 表示“通过努力或计划）获得，符合题意。object 反对。‎ ‎19. C。句意：这个城市的交通在高峰期处于混乱状态。in chaos表示“处于混乱状态”，固定短语。‎ ‎20. A。句意：回想我在英格兰乡下上学时的日子，我发现有朋友在我周围非常好。look back on 回想；look up to 抬头看(某人或某物)，尊重(某人)；动词look back on与句子的主语是主动关系，所以用动词-ing形式作时间状语。‎ 巩固练习 一、单项选择 ‎1. Now let’s recite the poem we learned last week. Any________？‎ A．provides B．offers C．supplies D．volunteers ‎2. The new teacher was very slow to ________the unusual rules of the school.‎ A．adapt for B．adapt to C．adapting for D．adapting to ‎3. Some 10,000 brochures and leaflets about Weifang’s attractions were ________ at these shows,‎ ‎ as well as through the international travel trade.‎ A．assigned B．divided C．abandoned D．distributed ‎4. Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for students ______ financial aid.‎ A．in favour of B．in honour of C．in face of D．in need of ‎ ‎5. Qin Shihuang had all the Great Wall built up to ________ his empire ________ the enemy.‎ A．keep；from B．prevent；from C．protect；from D．fight；against ‎6. The reason ______he didn’t come was ______he was ill.‎ A. why; that B. that; why C. for that; that D. for which; what ‎7. ---If most bread-winners _______a day’s pay to the Hope Project, then it will be hopeful.‎ ‎ ---I can’t agree more. Let’s do it right now.‎ A. present B. donate C. lead D. stick ‎8. In order to create a peaceful world, we should make every_____ to protect the environment. ‎ A. affect B. effect C. effort D. afford ‎9. Some teenagers hold the view that parents_____ a full understanding of their children. ‎ A. to lack B. lacking C. being lacked D. lack ‎10. The medical research shows eating too much fat can_____ heart disease and high blood pressure, so you must be more careful with your diet. ‎ A. contribute to B. refer to C. attend to D. devote to ‎11. Everyone fails now and then. It is how you react that makes a ___________ in life. ‎ A. development B. point C. progress D. difference ‎12. ________ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.‎ A. Faced B. Having faced C. To face D. Facing ‎13. Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology ________.‎ A. will not have been achieved B. have not been achieved ‎ C. would not have been achieved D. had not been achieved ‎14. —We _______ to have you here tonight.‎ ‎ —Thank you and it is _______ for me to be invited.‎ A. honour; honourable B. honour; an honour C. are honoured; honourable D. are honoured; an honour ‎15. This event not only promoted _______ of world hunger, but also raised lots of money to help starving children.‎ A. information B. knowledge C. instruction D. awareness 答案与解析 一、单项选择 ‎1. D。句意：现在背诵上周学的那首诗。谁自告奋勇？volunteer表示“自愿(做)”。provide 提供；offer主动提供；supply 供给。‎ ‎2. B。adapt for（使）适合，改编；adapt to适应，可知“适应规则”符合逻辑；又sb.＋be＋adj.＋to do这一结构中的to为不定式，所以B为正确答案。‎ ‎3. D。句意：通过这些展览会和国际旅游业人士，该机构派发了约一万份有关潍坊旅游点的小册子和散页传单。distribute表示“分发”。assign 指派；divide 划分；abandon 抛弃。‎ ‎4. D。句意：许多中国大学向那些需要经济援助的学生提供奖学金。in favour of支持； in honour of 为了纪念； in face of 面对； in need of需要。‎ ‎5. C。protect...from... 保护……不受……进攻或威胁；prevent/ keep... from 阻止……做……；fight against... 战斗以反对/对抗……。句意：秦始皇建造了长城以保卫国家免受敌人的侵略。‎ ‎6. A。第一空：why代表先行词reason在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于for which；第二空是that引导表语从句，因为从句中不缺少成分，不能用what。‎ ‎7. B。句意：如果大多数养家的人都为希望工程捐献他一天所得，那么希望工程大有希望。present sth. to sb. / sth．指（正式地）颁发某物给某人；donate sth. to sb./sth.表示“捐赠，捐献”，所赠的对象一般是慈善事业或机构。‎ ‎8. C。考查词义辨析。句意：为建立一个和平的世界，我们要尽最大努力保护环境。affect v. 影响；effect n. 结果；影响；effort n. 努力，尝试；afford vt. 买得起, 负担得起。make every effort to do 尽全力做某事。‎ ‎9. D。考查lack的相关用法。句意：一些青少年认为父母缺乏对他们的全面了解。此处lack为及物动词“缺乏”之意，又由句式结构可知that后的同位语从句少谓语动词。故选D。‎ ‎10. A。考查动词短语辨析。句意：医学研究表明食用过多的肥肉会导致心脏疾病和高血压，因此你必须对饮食多加注意。contribute to意为“导致”，符合句意。refer to 涉及；查询；attend to 照料；devote to致力于。‎ ‎11. D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都会失败。怎样对待失败才是生活中真正要紧的事。development发展，开发；point要点；progress进步，进展； difference不同，差别。make a difference有影响，要紧。‎ ‎12. A。(sb.) be faced with...意为“（某人）面对”，相当于...face sb.，在此句中作状语，所以去掉be，用过去分词作状语。因为face的逻辑主语是人，所以不能用facing，排除B、C、D。‎ ‎13. C。句意：如果没有电子计算机，今天的许多高级技术都不会达成。句子内容与事实相反，而achieve这一动作已经完成，应该用与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以选C。‎ ‎14. D。be honoured to do sth.表示“做某事感到很荣幸”；it is an honour for sb. to do也表示“某人做某事很荣幸”。honourable 诚实的，正直的，高尚的，尊敬的。‎ ‎15. D。句意：这一事件不仅提高了人们对世界上的饥饿现象的认识，而且也为帮助挨饿的孩子们募集了许多钱。awareness 意识，认识；information 信息；knowledge 知识；instruction 指导。‎