2021届高三英语外研版一轮总复习教师用书：必修3 Module 4　Sandstorms in Asia 19页

www.ks5u.com ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　Module 4　Sandstorms in Asia ‎ (主题语境——人与自然之灾害防范：安全常识与自我保护)‎ ‎1．ecology n. 生态　　2.noisy adj. 嘈杂的；喧闹的 ‎3．smelly adj. 有臭味的 4.radiation n. 放射，放射物 ‎5．emission n. 排放 6.rubbish n. 垃圾；废物 ‎7．litter n. 垃圾；废物 8.forbid vt. 禁止 ‎9．ban vt. 禁止 10.permit vt.‎& n. 许可，允许 ‎11．reduce v. 减少 ‎12．prevent v. 阻止，防止，预防 ‎13．advocate vt. 拥护，支持，提倡 ‎14．conservation n. 保存，保护，管理 ‎15．replace vt. 取代 16.substitute v. 取代 ‎17．effort n. 努力 18.expectation n. 预料；期望 ‎19．purpose n. 目的，意图 20.responsibility n. 责任，负责 ‎21．challenge n. 挑战(性)‎ ‎22．challenging adj. 具有挑战性的 ‎23．pour v. 倒，倾泻 24.sort v. 分类 ‎25．extreme adj. 极端的 26.waste n. 废料；垃圾 ‎27．renewable adj. 可再生的 28.balance n. 平衡 ‎29．abuse vt. 滥用 30.sustainable adj. 可持续的 ‎1．let off waste water 排放废水 ‎2．prevent/protect...from 阻止/保护……‎ ‎3．keep the balance of... 保持……的平衡 ‎4．attach great importance to 十分重视 ‎5．use up/run out of 用光，耗尽 ‎6．live a lowcarbon life 过低碳生活 ‎7．play an important part in 在……中起重要作用 ‎8．throw away 丢弃 ‎9．arouse people's awareness of environmental protection 提高人们的环保意识 ‎10．fight against 与……作斗争 ‎11．deal with 处理 ‎12．participate in 参与 ‎13．carry out 开展；实施 ‎14．make joint efforts 共同努力 ‎15．take action 采取行动 ‎16．be harmful to/do harm to 对……有害 ‎17．call for 要求；提倡；邀请 ‎18．in charge of 负责 ‎19．call on/appeal to sb.to do sth. 号召/呼吁某人做某事 ‎20．there is no denying/doubt that... 毫无疑问；毋庸置疑 ‎1．Many people worry that our energy will run out quickly if we use it in an unchecked way.‎ 许多人担心，如果不控制能源的使用的话，我们的能源将会很快被耗尽。‎ ‎2．Plenty of rubbish and waste water are being poured into the rivers; as a consequence, water sources have become badly polluted.‎ 大量的垃圾和废水正涌入河流，结果，水源被严重污染。‎ ‎3．There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activities that have caused this global warming.‎ 毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和，全球变暖正是人类活动所致。‎ ‎4．Having realized the great harm caused by the haze and the importance of protecting the environment, people all over the country are taking measures to reduce the hazy weather.‎ 由于意识到了雾霾造成的严重危害和保护环境的重要性，全国人民正采取措施减少雾霾天气。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎ 单词巧练 写准并记牢 Ⅰ.识记单词 ‎(一)会其形 ‎1．mass adj. 大量的；大规模的 　2.process n. 进程；过程 ‎3．forecast vt. 预报；预告 4.atmosphere n. 大气；大气层；气氛 ‎5．chemical n. 化学药品 6.environment n. 环境 ‎7．garbage n. 废料；垃圾 8.recycle v. 重新利用；再循环 ‎9．scary adj. 恐怖的；吓人的 10.absolutely adv. 绝对地；完全地 ‎(二)知其意 ‎1．sandstorm n. 沙尘暴 2.inland adj. 内地的；内陆的 ‎3．campaign n. 战役；活动 4.dune n. 沙丘 ‎5．citizen n. 公民；市民 6.dust n. 沙尘；灰尘 ‎7．cycle vi. 骑自行车 8.mask n. 面罩 ‎9．carbon n. 碳 10.dioxide n. 二氧化物 ‎11．melt vi. 融化 12.coastal adj. 沿海的 Ⅱ.拓展单词 ‎1．frightening adj. 吓人的；可怕的→frightened adj. 害怕的→frighten vt. 使害怕→fright n. 害怕；恐惧 ‎2．strength n. 力量；力气→strengthen vt. 加强→strong adj. 强壮的；坚强的 ‎3．concerned adj. 关心的；担心的；有关的→concern n．& vt. 关心；担心；与……相关→concerning prep. 关于；就……而言 ‎4．evidence n. 根据；证明→evident adj. 明显的 ‎5．major adj. 主要的；多数的 vi. 主修→majority n. 大多数 ‎6．urgent adj. 紧急的→urge vt. 催促；极力主张→urgency n. 紧急情况 ‎7．pollute vt. 污染→pollution n. 污染 ‎8．complain vi. 抱怨；发牢骚→complaint n. 抱怨 ‎9．protection n. 保护→protect vt. 保护 高考与教材 ‎1.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)He had tried to coax the dog to him but, frightened (frighten), it had run off.‎ ‎2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Last but not least，through my introduction and efforts，I believe I can strengthen (strength)the friendship between China and England.‎ ‎3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)This switch has decreased pollution (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.‎ ‎4．(2018·江苏卷)As we all know, most of the ratings are based on others' judgement on the product or service concerned (concern)．‎ ‎5．(2015·天津卷)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work.‎ ‎6．(2015·四川卷)When we complained about the terrible smell, Dad ‎ said the stronger the manure, the healthier the crops, and he was right.‎ ‎7．(2014·安徽卷)Ashoka provides money for the world's most promising “changemakers” seeking to solve urgent (urge)problems and would like to create a world in which every citizen is a changemaker.‎ ‎1．fore前缀表示“前面，预先”‎ ‎①forecast v. 预报 ‎②foretell v. 预言 ‎③foresee v. 预见 ‎④forehead n. 前额 ‎⑤foreword n. 前言 ‎⑥forewarn n. 预先警告 ‎2．后缀th名词集锦 ‎①strength 力量 ‎②length 长度 ‎③warmth 温暖 ‎④truth 真理 ‎⑤youth 青春 ‎⑥depth 深度 ‎3．表示“能力；力量”的单词荟萃 ‎①power n. 能力；权力 ‎②ability n. 能力 ‎③competence n. 能力；胜任 ‎④energy n. 精力；能源 ‎⑤force n. 武力 ‎⑥strength n. 力量 ‎ 短语巧练 写准并记牢 ‎1.as_a_result_of 由于；因为 ‎2．cut_down 砍倒；减少；削减 ‎3．have_a_bad_effect_on 对……有坏影响 ‎4．take_in 吸收；欺骗；理解 ‎5．be_caught_in 突然遭遇(风暴等)；被困住 ‎6．one_after_another 一个接一个地 ‎7．look_through 浏览；仔细检查 ‎8．in_a_nutshell 简言之；概括地讲 ‎9．give_out 放出；发出 高考与教材 ‎1.(2013·江苏卷)I managed to rent a big enough house to take_in a handful of people.‎ ‎2．(2016·浙江卷10月)Then I asked him if he had_cut_down the amount of feed he had given the chickens.‎ ‎3．(2011·北京卷)Before sending us a manuscript (稿件), look_through recent issues (刊物) of the Post to get an idea of the range and style of articles we publish.‎ ‎1．“一个接一个地”说一说 ‎①one after another 一个接一个地 ‎②one by one 一个接一个地 ‎③one after the other 相继地；一个接一个地 ‎④from one...to another 从一个……到另一个 ‎⑤one another 互相 ‎⑥one and all 各位；每个人；大家 ‎2．“总之”可以这样表达 ‎①in a nutshell 简言之；概括地讲 ‎②in a word 总之 ‎③all in all 总之 ‎④in short 简言之 ‎⑤in brief 简言之 ‎⑥to sum up 总之 ‎⑦in summary 总之 ‎⑧on the whole 总体来说 ‎3．“take 短语”小聚 ‎①take over 接收，接管 ‎②take away 拿走；夺走 ‎③take down 写下；记下 ‎④take in 吸收；理解；欺骗 ‎⑤take off 脱下；起飞；腾飞 ‎⑥take on 呈现；雇用；承担 ‎⑦take up 占据；开始从事；继续 ‎ 句式仿写 写准并记牢 ‎1.so...that... 引导结果状语从句 They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.‎ 沙尘常常弥漫以至于你连太阳都看不见，风力有时强到可以移动沙丘。‎ ‎2．“make it＋adj./n.＋to do...”结构，it作形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语 The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.‎ 暴风有时持续一整天，车辆开得很慢，因为浓浓的尘埃降低了能见度。‎ ‎3．if possible “如果可能的话”‎ ‎，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式 The garbage is then taken away and, if possible, recycled. ‎ 然后垃圾会被运走，如果可能的话，予以回收利用。‎ 高考与教材 ‎1.(2019·江苏卷)直立行走使得找到食物或者防御敌人更容易些。 ‎ Walking upright makes_it_easy_to_find food or guard against enemies.‎ ‎2．(2018·北京卷)北京发展如此之快，你永远想象不到明年会是什么样子。‎ Beijing‎ is developing so_fast_that you can never imagine what it will be like next year.‎ ‎3．(2010·广东卷)如果可能的话，让其他成年人也来表扬他们。‎ If_possible，involve other adults in praising them.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 高频词汇精讲 ‎1．complain v．抱怨；发牢骚；投诉 He does nothing but complain.‎ 除了抱怨他什么也不做。‎ ‎(1)complain (to sb.) of/about (doing) sth.(向某人)投诉/抱怨(做)某事；(向某人)发牢骚 complain (to sb.) that... (向某人)抱怨……‎ ‎(2)complaint n. 抱怨；投诉；控告 make a complaint about/of sth. 抱怨/投诉某事 make a complaint to sb. 向某人抱怨/投诉 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①She often complains about/of not feeling appreciated at work.‎ ‎②Several passengers complained to the air company about the bad ‎ service on the flight.‎ ‎③If you wish to make a complaint (complain) about that, you should see the manager.‎ ‎(2)句型转换 They complained about the low wages.‎ ‎→They made_a_complaint_about the low wages.‎ ‎→They complained_that the wages were too low.‎ ‎2．concerned adj.关心的；担心的；有关的 I can't help but feel very concerned.‎ 我不能不感到担心。‎ ‎(1)be concerned with... 与……有关，涉及 be concerned about/for... 关心/担心……‎ be concerned in... 有牵连……；与……有关系 be concerned that... 担心 as far as...be concerned 就……而言/来说 ‎(2)concern n. 关注；担心；(利害)关系 vt. (使)担忧；涉及；关系到 show/express one's concern about/for 对……表示关心/担心 ‎(3)concerning prep. 关于；涉及 ‎[名师指津] concerned作形容词时，意为“关心的；挂念的；担心的”，充当前置定语；表示“相关的，有关的”，作定语时要后置。例如：a concerned look“关切的神色”；the authorities ‎ concerned“有关当局”。‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①However, I think we should show more concern for/about our friends.‎ ‎②Everyone who was directly concerned (concern) in the incident has now resigned.‎ ‎③I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information concerning (concern) the club.‎ ‎(2)补全句子 As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_every summer I stay at my uncle's house in the country for three weeks and enjoy a wonderful life there.‎ 就我而言，每年夏天我会有三周的时间待在乡下叔叔的家中，过着非常舒心的日子。‎ ‎3．urgent adj.紧急的；迫切的 What is the most urgent problem of all?‎ 最要紧的事是什么？‎ ‎(1)in urgent need of 急需 ‎(2)urge vt. 催促；极力主张 n. 冲动；强烈的愿望；迫切的要求 urge sb. to do sth./into doing sth. 力劝/敦促某人做某事 ‎(3)urgency n. 紧急；紧急情况 urgently adv. 紧急地 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①I'm afraid something urgent (urge) has come up; I won't be to see you tonight.‎ ‎②It's of great urgency (urge) that we need to make the relative laws with the rapid growth of online shopping.‎ ‎(2)补全句子 ‎①The people in the earthquakestricken area are in_urgent_need_of food, medicine and shelters.‎ 地震灾区的人们急需食品、药品和住的地方。‎ ‎②The public urged that the government (should)_take_measures to prevent such cases from happening again.‎ 公众强烈要求政府采取措施来防止此类案件的再次发生。‎ ‎4．strength n．力量；力气；长处；优势；强度 The Chinese Central Weather Station can forecast a sandstorm some ‎ weeks before it arrives in Beijing，but the strength of the storm sometimes surprises people.‎ 中国中央气象台能够在沙尘暴到达北京前几周预测到，但是有时沙尘暴的强度还是令人吃惊的。‎ ‎(1)have the strength to do sth. 有力量/意志做某事 build up one's strength/body 增强某人的体力/质 strengths and weaknesses 优势和劣势 with all one's strength 用全力 ‎(2)strengthen vt. 加强；增强；巩固 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen (strength) new memories.‎ ‎②Summer makes me full of energy and I feel I have the strength to_do (do) the most difficult things in my life.‎ ‎③The driver bore down with all his strength to control the car when the wheel slipped.‎ ‎(2)补全句子 ‎①You'd better take into account your own strengths_and_weaknesses before choosing a major.‎ 在选择专业前，你最好考虑到你的优势和劣势。‎ ‎②It is shown by the research that there are many ways that can help us build_up_our_strength.‎ 通过研究表明，有很多方式可以帮助我们增强体质。‎ ‎5．look through浏览；翻阅；翻找；审核 Look through the reading passages and activities in this module.‎ 浏览本模块的阅读短文和活动。‎ look around 环视；四下张望 look back (on sth.) 回顾，回想(某事)‎ look down on/upon 瞧不起；轻视 look into 朝里看；调查；深入了解 look out 当心；注意 look up 抬头看；查找；查出；查阅 look up to 尊敬；仰慕；钦佩 选用上述短语填空 ‎①The author's purpose of writing the text is to look_back_on his childhood with adventures.‎ ‎②Look_through magazines to find pictures that you can stick on your poster, for example, pictures of people planting trees.‎ ‎③Mr Smith has taught for many years, and all the students look_up_to him.‎ ‎④Just because they make more money than I do, they seem to look_down_on/upon me.‎ ‎⑤The authorities will look_into the case further before they can come to a conclusion.‎ ‎6．cut down 砍倒；削减；缩小(尺寸)；减少(数量)；驳倒 This is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass.‎ 这个过程发生在土地变成沙漠的时候，而土地沙漠化是由气候变化和人类乱砍树林、挖草根所致。‎ cut down on 削减；减少 cut in 插话；插进；让某人分享利润 cut off 切断，中断；隔绝 cut out 切下；删除 cut up 切碎；齐根切掉 选用上述短语填空 ‎①When their children lived far away from them, these old people felt cut_off from the world.‎ ‎②The community college has to cut_down_on staff so as to save money.‎ ‎③It is impolite for children to cut_in when their seniors are talking.‎ ‎④Many big trees along the road have been cut_down for building houses, many of the branches of which have been cut_up for firewood.‎ 重点词汇点拨 ‎1．take in 吸收；收留；包括；理解；领会；欺骗；改小 写出下列句中take in的含义 ‎①This is the total cost of the holiday, taking everything in.包括 ‎②This dress needs to be taken in at the waist.改小 ‎③He was homeless, so we took him in.收留 ‎④I hope you can take in my words.理解；领会 ‎⑤Don't be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.欺骗 ‎⑥The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night.吸收 ‎2．写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义 ‎①In addition，most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience.大量的 ‎②While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign，Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy.活动 ‎③“I feel more confident in my actions now，” Taylor says. “I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.”恐怖的；吓人的 ‎④Residential buildings must maintain an atmosphere that supports the academic mission of the University.氛围 ‎⑤ If you can't get any satisfaction, complain to the park owner.投诉 典型句式精析 so...that... 引导结果状语从句 They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.‎ 沙尘常常弥漫以至于你连太阳都看不见，风力有时强到可以移动沙丘。‎ so/such...that引导结果状语从句时，意为“如此……以至于……”。‎ ‎(1)so...that...句型的基本结构：‎ ‎(2)such...that...句型的基本结构：‎ ‎[名师指津] 当so＋形容词/副词及such...放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。‎ 补全句子 ‎①Keeping a learning diary every day is so_important_that I would like to introduce it to you.‎ 每天坚持写学习日记是如此重要，以至于我想把这种学习方法介绍给你们。‎ ‎②There were so_many_books_in_the_shop_that he didn't know which to buy.‎ 书店里有那么多书，以至于他不知道该买哪些。‎ ‎③Dalian is such_an_attractive_place_that lots of tourists visit the city every year.‎ ‎＝Dalian is so_attractive_a_place_that lots of tourists visit the city every year.‎ 大连是一个如此吸引人的地方以至于每年都有很多游客来观光旅游。‎ ‎④So_excited_was_I that I couldn't wait to try my hand at riding the bicycle.‎ 我非常兴奋，迫不及待地想尝试骑自行车。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．I think the answer is right but I'm not absolutely (绝对地) sure about it.‎ ‎2．The two parties held the talk in a friendly atmosphere (气氛)．‎ ‎3．The police have no right to seek into the lives of ordinary citizens (公民) without just cause.‎ ‎4．The teacher forecast (预报) that all of his pupils would pass the examination.‎ ‎5．These materials can be recycled (重新利用) into other packaging products.‎ ‎6．The film was very frightening (恐怖). I was scared to death when I was seeing it.‎ ‎7．During the slow process (过程) of learning, everyone should have patience.‎ ‎8．Some parents complained (抱怨) that their children are busy with heavy homework.‎ ‎9．She hasn't been seen for days and we are concerned (担心) for her safety.‎ ‎10．The shady trees provide protection(保护) against the burning rays of the sun.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Concerned (concern) about the student, the teacher called his parents to find out why he was so often absent from class.‎ ‎2．The news of the mayor's coming to our school for a visit was given out on the radio yesterday.‎ ‎3．Please look through your paper before you hand it in to avoid possible mistakes.‎ ‎4．Some false advertisements are taking the countryside women as their targets, because they are easy to take in.‎ ‎5．There is convincing evidence that listening to loud music can do great harm to our hearing.‎ ‎6．Please pay attention to these dangerous chemicals (chemistry) when you are doing the experiment.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．There were such many people there that we couldn't get through.such→so ‎2．Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognizing their own strength.strength→strengths ‎3．—Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday? ‎ ‎—Yes, if is possible, I'm going to travel abroad.去掉if后的is ‎4．All of the clothes in the shop are sold at half price, unless noting.noting→noted ‎5．She makes clear that she doesn't like swimming.makes后加it ‎6．It was absolute out of control，thousands of emails，people around the world sharing their stories of travel.absolute→absolutely ‎7．As is well known to all，smoking has a bad effect in people's health.in→on ‎8．The river has been polluting by the nearby factory since it was founded.polluting→polluted ‎9．It is urged that they are present at the meeting.are→be ‎10．It's frightened to think how easily children can be hurt. frightened→frightening Ⅳ.语段填词 ‎1．David has a strong body. He is very experienced and has the strength to do this hard work. We had better strengthen the relationship with him. (strong)‎ ‎2．It occurs to me that one of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major in English find it difficult to find a good job. (major)‎ ‎3．Lacking proper protection against cold, we try to strike a match and make a fire to protect us from the cold night. (protect)‎ ‎4．The teacher urged that the students (should) be taught how to take urgent action in urgency. (urgent)‎ ‎5．A hurricane destroyed the area, leaving everything in ruins. And the frightening scene caused by the hurricane frightened the boy. He felt frightened but he tried to hide his fright. (fright)‎ ‎6．The public have shown great concern about the food safety, because it concerns the people's health. There is the possibility that the authorities concerned can really do something about the issue concerning the public health. (concern)‎ Ⅴ.完成句子 ‎1．首先，就我而言，我已经为考试做好了准备。(concerned)‎ To begin with, as_far_as_I_am_concerned,_I have made preparations for the examination.‎ ‎2．微信使人们与他人保持联系更容易了。(make it＋adj.＋to do)‎ WeChat makes_it_easier_for_people_to_keep_in_touch with others.‎ ‎3．如果你自己都瞧不起自己，没人会尊敬你。(look)‎ Nobody will look_up_to you if you look_down_upon/on yourself.‎ ‎4．如果可能的话，我打算到该市的一些老人的家里去拜访。(if省略句)‎ If_possible,_I'm going to visit some old people's homes in the city.‎ ‎5．作为教练，他知道自己的队员与对手相比有什么优势和劣势。(strength)‎ As a coach, he knows what_strengths_and_weaknesses_his_‎ athletes_have against their rivals.‎ Ⅵ.微写作 假设你是李华，你市某出版社向全市中学生征文，征文题目是“Water”。请你按以下写作要求写一篇短文。‎ ‎1．缺乏淡水的影响和因素；‎ ‎2．解决问题的措施。‎ 注意：1.请根据以上要点写一篇100词左右的短文；‎ ‎2．尽量使用本模块的知识点；‎ ‎3．可适当增加细节。‎ Lack of fresh water is having a bad effect on the survival of human beings, animals and plants. As far as I'm concerned, one major factor contributes to the problem. With the development of industry, factories give out so many wastes that water is polluted. To solve the problem, it is urgent that several measures (should) be taken.‎ To begin with, we must help the public wake up to the importance of saving fresh water and become concerned about water resources. If possible, not only should stricter laws be established to protect the limited fresh water resources but also it's necessary to adopt new methods to recycle used water.‎ In a nutshell, I'm fully confident that we have the strength to solve the problem by taking these measures.‎ Ⅶ.课文语法填空 Sandstorms，strong and dry winds __1__ carry sand，have struck some Asian countries for centuries.As a result of “desertification”，sandstorms in China seem __2__ (increase) in recent years.This process happens __3__ land becomes desert.Northwest China is part of the sandstorm centre in Central Asia.Therefore，sandstorms have __4__ very bad effect on Beijing, __5__ (especial) on its weather and traffic.People give frightening __6__ (describe) of their terrible experience in a sandstorm. __7__ (solve) the problem，many ways have been tried.For example，in order to stop the desert __8__ (come) nearer，which is only ‎250 km away to the west of Beijing，the government is planting trees.So far，over 30 billion trees __9__ (plant) and for the next five years, __10__ (many) trees will be planted.‎ ‎1．that/which　2.to_have_increased　3.when　4.a ‎5．especially　6.descriptions　7.To_solve　8.coming ‎9．have_been_planted　10.more 学习至此，请完成课时作业16‎