2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit2TheUnitedKingdom单元学案设计（8页word版） 8页

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit 2 The United Kingdom单元学案设计 一、重点词汇总结 ‎1. consist of ＝ be made up of 由……组成 (没有进行时） ‎ The UK consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. ‎ ‎＝Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up the UK. ‎ 2. 区别:separate ... from和divide...into separate ... from (把联合在一起或靠近的人或物分离出来）；‎ divide...into 把…分开 （把整体分为若干部分） ‎ The teacher divided the class into two groups. 老师把全班分成两个组。‎ The Taiwan Strait separates Taiwan from Fujian.台湾海峡将台湾和福建分开。‎ 3. debate about sth. 争论某事 They debate about the proposal for three days. 这个提议他们已经争论三天了。‎ 区别：debate /argue/ quarrel Debate：着重双方各自陈述理由,尤其是公开地辩论； argue：辩论,争论,讨论.指举出理由或事实来与对方争辩,有“企图说服对方”的含义； quarrel：争吵,争辩,吵架.侧重用“口角”的方式争执。‎ 4. clarify: vt./vi. (cause sth. to )become clear or easier to understand 澄清；阐明;清楚；明了 ‎ I hope what I say will clarify the situation. Can you clarify the question? ‎ 5. be linked to = be connected to /be joined to 连接；习惯搭配： link A to B 将A和B连接起来 ‎ 6. refer to 1)提及，指的是…… ‎ When he said “some students”, do you think he was referring to us? ‎ 2) 参考；查阅；询问 ‎ If you don't understand a word you may refer to your dictionaries. ‎ 如果你不理解单词的意思，你可以查阅你的字典。‎ Please refer to the last page of the book for answers. 请参考本书最后一页的答案。 ‎ 3) 关系到；关乎 What I have to say refers to all of you.我必须说的事情关系到你们每一个人。‎ ‎ This rule refers to everyone. 这天规则关乎所有人。 ‎ reference: n. 参考 reference books 参考书 ‎ 7. to one's surprise (prep)， “to one's + 名词” 表示 “令某人……”， 常见的名词有 “delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等；‎ I discovered, to my horror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale.‎ 令我害怕的是，我发现所有的产品都不适合出售。 ‎ To John's great relief, they reached the house at last. 让约翰如释重负的是，他们终于到家了。 ‎ 8. ‎... found themselves united peacefully, “find +宾语＋宾补( adj; adv; v-ing; pp;‎ ‎ 介词短语；不定式）” ‎ A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen. ‎ 一旦厨师被发现在厨房吸烟，他立刻会被开除。 ‎ You'll find him easy to get along with. 你将会发现他很容易相处。 ‎ They found themselves trapped by the bush fire. 他们发现他们自己被丛林火包围住了。‎ When I woke up, I found myself in hospital.我醒来的时候，发现我躺在医院里面。‎ ‎ I called on him yesterday, but I found him out. 昨天我给他打了电话，但我发现他出去了。 ‎ 7. get sth done =have sth done 使某事被做……；‎ ‎ I'll just get these dishes washed and then I'll come. 我将要去洗了这些盘子，然后才来。‎ get + n. + to do； get + n. + doing： ‎ You'll get her to agree. 你会让她同意的。‎ I'll get the car going. 我将把车开出去。 ‎ get done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生，意为“被…….” ‎ 8. break away (from sb / sth) 脱离；破除… ‎ ‎ It is not easy for him to break away from bad habits. 摆脱坏习惯对他来说不是很容易。‎ The man broke away from his guards.这个人摆脱了守卫。 ‎ 关连短语：break down (会谈)破裂，失败；(汽车等)出故障；(人的健康状况)变得恶劣；（情感）失控；break in 闯入；打岔；break off 中断，折断； break into 闯入；break out 爆发;发生 ；break up 驱散；分散，拆散 His car broke down on the way to work this morning.今天早上，他的车在上班的路上出了故障。‎ His health broke down under the pressure of work. 工作的压力是他的健康状况变得很糟。‎ He broke down and wept when he heard the news. 当他听到这个消息，他失控地哭了起来。‎ Talks between the two countries have completely broken down.两国之间的谈话彻底失败了。‎ 9. as well as 不仅…而且；既…又…；‎ He is a teacher as well as a writer. 他不仅是一名老师，而且还是一名作家。 ‎ The children as well as their father were seen playing football in the street. 孩子们和父亲被看到在街上踢球。‎ 10. convenience: n.方便；便利（convenient: adj. 方便的） ‎ We bought this house for its convenience. 我们应为该房子的便利而买了它。 ‎ 11. attraction: （attract: v.） ‎ 1) ‎. 吸引；引力(不可数 n.) attraction of gravitation 重力 ‎ 2) ‎. 吸引人的东西；喜闻乐见的东西；精彩节目(可数 n.) ‎ He can't resist the attraction of the sea on a hot day. 他无法抵制大热天里海洋对他的吸引力。‎ A big city offers many and varied attractions. 大城市会提供许多不同的吸引人的东西。‎ What are the principle attractions this evening? 今晚有什么精彩的节目？ ‎ 14. influence 1) v. 对…产生影响 What influence you to choose a career in teaching? 什么影响了你选择教师职业？ ‎ 2) 可数n. 产生影响的人或事 ‎ ‎ He is one of the good influences in the school. 他在学校是个会产生好的影响的人。‎ 3) ‎(不可数n.) 影响 ‎ A teacher has great influence over his pupils. 老师会对他的学生产生大的影响。‎ 二、 重点语法总结 过去分词作宾补用法归纳：‎ 英语中过去分词可作宾补，（此时的过去分词一般是及物动词）表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如：‎ She found the door broken in when she came back. ‎ ‎(the door与broken in有被动的关系或动宾关系，即break 的宾语是door。)‎ 一． 过去分词用在表状态的动词keep, leave等的后面：‎ They kept the door locked for a long time. ‎ Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open. ‎ 二．过分词用在get, have, make 的后面：‎ ‎1. “have +宾语+过去分词”的两种情况：‎ A）表"让某人做某事/让某事（被人）做"‎ The villagers had many trees planted just then. （tree and plant是动宾关系）‎ B)表"遭遇到某种不幸，受到打击/受. . . . 影响，蒙受. . . . . 损失"‎ He had his leg broken in the match yesterday. （his leg and break是动宾关系）‎ ‎2. 在"make+宾语+过去分词"中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。‎ I raised my voice to make myself heard. （myself and hear是动宾关系）‎ 三、过去分词用在感观动词watch, notice, see, hear, listen to, feel, find等后面。‎ When we got to school, we saw the door locked. ‎ 四、 过去分词用在want, wish, like ,expect等表示“希望，愿望”动词后面做宾补。‎ The boss wouldn't like the problem discussed.‎ 五、 过去分词用在“with +宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。‎ The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.‎ 六、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。‎ 分析 I heard the song sung in English. ‎ I saw him opening the window. （同时进行）‎ I heard her sing the song in English.（全过程）‎ 总结：1）过去分词作宾补：宾语和宾补之间是动宾关系。其动作先于谓语动作。‎ ‎2）-ing形式作宾补：宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。其动作与谓语动作同时进行。‎ ‎3）不定式作宾补：表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。‎ 二 单元知识链接高考试题 阅读理解分类指导 类型3| 科普知识 考查要点 方法技巧 ‎1.科学现象、概念、定义、类别等。‎ ‎2．事物的性质、特点、原理、用途等。‎ ‎3．事物或现象产生的原因、过程、演变。‎ ‎4．相似事物间的异同。‎ ‎1.理清说明顺序：时间、空间、逻辑顺序。‎ ‎2．把握文章结构：并列式、承接式、递进式、总分式。‎ ‎3．认清说明方法：下定义、举事例、作比较、打比方等。‎ ‎[经典案例分析]‎ ‎(2017·全国卷Ⅱ·C)Terrafugia Inc.said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight，bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year.The vehicle—named the Transition—has two seats，four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car.The Transition，which flew at 1，400 feet for eight minutes last month，can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air.It flies using a 23gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per hour in the air.On the ground，it gets 35 miles per gallon.‎ Around 100 people have already put down a$10，000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale，and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugia introduces the Transition to the public later this week at the New York Auto Show.But don't expect it to show up in too many driveways.It's expected to cost $279，000.And it won't help if you're stuck in traffic.The car needs a runway.‎ Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s，according to Robert Mann，an airline industry expert.But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality.The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.‎ Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration's decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft，which are lower than those for pilots of larger planes.Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition，a requirement pilots would find relatively ‎ easy to meet.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇科普说明文。Terrafugia公司研制出飞行汽车并成功进行了第一次飞行，使飞行汽车成为现实更进一步。‎ ‎【长难句解读】　The Transition, which flew at 1，400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air.‎ ‎[分析]　句中which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为The Transition。‎ ‎[译文]　飞行汽车Transition上个月在1 400英尺的高度飞行了8分钟，它在公路上的行驶速度能达到每小时70英里，在空中能达到每小时115英里。‎ ‎1．What is the first paragraph mainly about?‎ A．The basic data of the Transition.‎ B．The advantages of flying cars.‎ C．The potential market for flying cars.‎ D．The designers of the Transition.‎ ‎[考查主旨大意，命题点为飞行汽车的基本状况。根据第一段中提到飞行汽车的两个座位、四个轮子以及车翼、飞行速度、油耗等情况可知，该段是在介绍飞行汽车Transition的基本数据，故选A项。]‎ ‎2．Why is the Transition unlikely to show up in too many driveways?‎ A．It causes traffic jams.‎ B．It is difficult to operate.‎ C．It is very expensive.‎ D．It burns too much fuel.‎ ‎[考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“But don't expect it to show up in too many driveways. It's expected to cost $279, 000.”可知，此款汽车不能推广的主要原因是它太贵了，故选C项。]‎ ‎3．What is the government's attitude to the development of the flying car?‎ A．Cautious.　　　　　 B．Favorable.‎ C．Ambiguous. D．Disapproving.‎ ‎[考查推理判断。根据第三段“The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.”中的permit可知，政府对此持支持的态度，故选B项。]‎ ‎4．What is the best title for the text?‎ A．Flying Car at Auto Show B．The Transition's First Flight C．Pilots' Dream Coming True D．Flying Car Closer to Reality ‎[考查主旨大意。根据本文的第一句“Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year.”可知，Terrafugia公司飞行汽车成功进行了第一次飞行，从而使飞行汽车更加接近现实，故选D项。]‎ ‎[题材对点训练]‎ ‎(2017·济南市模拟)A European Union program is letting blind people experience famous paintings for the first time. It uses threedimensional (3D) printing to recreate famous paintings so they can be touched.‎ One painting printed with the new technology is Gustav Klimt's “The Kiss”. It is a popular attraction at the Belvedere Museum in Vienna, Austria. The painting shows a man and a woman standing in a field filled with flowers. They are wearing gold robes and have their arms around each other. The man leans down to kiss the woman.‎ Klimt finished the painting in 1908. Until now, people who had trouble seeing could not appreciate the artwork. But thanks to the reproduction they can touch the piece and feel the ridges and depressions. Andreas Reichinger started making 3D versions of artwork in 2010. He said this reproduction was his most difficult project because the couple's robes are so detailed.‎ Dominika Raditsch is a blind museum visitor. She touched the reproduction. As she moved her hands around it she said, “Exactly, can you see these? There are so many details.” Raditsch said she could imagine what the original painting looks like when she touched the reproduction.“ It's somehow round. You can feel it. You can feel it. It comes with it. And in many places it's so smooth. And then I think to myself: it probably shines too！” Raditsch said.‎ The Belvedere is not the only museum to have 3D versions of its artwork. Some of the pieces at the Prado Museum, in Madrid，Spain have reproductions that can be touched. But the piece in Vienna has one special part: it is made with widely available 3D printing technology. That means one day, blind art fans anywhere in the world could download the source files and print the reproductions themselves.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了欧盟的一个项目使用3D打印技术重现名画，让它们可以被视障人士触摸到。‎ ‎1．What is “The Kiss” ?‎ A．A European Union project.‎ B．A popular painting.‎ C．A 3D technology.‎ D．A famous museum.‎ B　[考查细节理解。从文章第二段的“One painting printed with the new technology is Gustav Klimt's ‘The Kiss’．It is a popular attraction...”可知，《吻》是一幅深受欢迎的画作。故选B项。]‎ ‎2．Why did Reichinger say this reproduction was difficult to finish?‎ A．The painting was reproduced detailedly.‎ B．The original artwork was made in 1908.‎ C．Blind art fans can't download the source.‎ D．The 3D technology is not available.‎ A　[考查细节理解。从文章第三段的最后一句“He said this reproduction was his most difficult project because the couple's robes are so detailed.”可知，Andreas Reichinger说《吻》他是最难完成的作品，因为那对恋人的长袍细节很多。故选A项。B项“原画作制作于1908年”和C项“视障的艺术粉丝们不能下载资源”与该题的要求不符；D项错在“not available”，与文章第三段中的“started making 3D versions of artwork in 2010”不符。]‎ ‎3．How did Raditsch feel when she first touched the reproduction?‎ A．Awkward.　　　　 B．Puzzled.‎ C．Excited. D．Nervous.‎ C　[考查推理判断。从文章第四段中的“You can feel it.You can feel it.”可以推测出Raditsch“激动的”心情。故选C项。]‎ ‎4．What is the best title for the text?‎ A．A European Union Program for Museum Visitors B．3D Printing Lets the Blind Experience Famous Paintings C．How to Reproduce the Worldfamous Paintings D．A Special Museum for Art Fans in Vienna，Austria B　[考查标题判断。从文章第一段的内容可以看出，‎ 用3D打印技术让视障人士体验名画是文章的中心，下文是围绕该话题展开介绍的。故选B项。]‎