2019届一轮复习外研版选修八Module2TheRenaissance单元学案（27页） 27页

‎2019届一轮复习外研版选修八Module 2The Renaissance单元学案 一单元基础词汇句式全练 一、写其形 ‎1.disturbing adj. 引起烦恼的；令人不安的 ‎2.subject n. (绘画，摄影等的)主题 ‎3.dull adj. 枯燥的；沉闷的 ‎4.work n. 作品 ‎5.effect n. 效果；作用 ‎6.motivate v. 激发，激励 ‎7.skilled adj. 有技巧的，熟练的 ‎ ‎8.reckon v. 认为 ‎9.passerby n. (过)路人 ‎10.flee v.. 逃跑，逃掉 ‎11.appeal v. 恳求；呼吁 ‎12.loss n. 丢失；丧失 ‎13.seek v. 寻找；寻求 ‎14.chief adj. 最重要的；首要的 ‎15.debt n. 债务；人情债 ‎16.merely adv.. 仅仅；只不过 ‎17.outcome n. 结果；后果 ‎18.blame n. (对错事或坏事应付的)责任 ‎ ‎19.gifted adj. 有天赋的；有才华的 ‎20.passion n. 激情，热爱 ‎21.inspire v. 鼓舞，激励 ‎ 二、知其意 ‎1.renaissance n. (文艺的)复兴 ‎2.basically adv.. 基本上，本质上，大致说来 ‎3.shade n. (图画等中的)阴影；阴暗部分 ‎4.medieval adj. 中世纪的 ‎5.Gothic adj. 哥特式的，哥特风格的(指 12至16世纪流行于西欧的建筑风格)‎ ‎6.frontier n. 新领域 ‎7.perspective n. 透视(画)法；透视效果； 透视感 ‎8.polyphony n. 复调音乐(作品)‎ ‎9.cathedral n. 大教堂 ‎10.parachute n. 降落伞 ‎11.submarine n. 潜艇 ‎12.tank n. 坦克 ‎13.overnight adj. 持续整夜的 ‎14.ferry n. 渡船 ‎15.horseshoe n. 马掌；马蹄铁 ‎16.ornate adj. 华丽的 ‎17.tax v.. 对……征税，向……课税 ‎18.authentic adj. (书画、文件、书籍等)原作的 ‎19.spokesman n. 发言人；代言人 ‎20.burglar n. 窃贼，小偷 ‎21.antique adj. 古时制造的，古董的 ‎22.basement n. 地下室；地下层 ‎23.courtyard n. 庭院，院子 ‎24.moustache n. 小胡子 ‎25.parcel n. (小)包裹 ‎26.dash v. 猛冲 ‎27.crossing n. 十字路口；交叉口 ‎28.crossroads n. 十字路口 ‎29.sideroad n. 旁路，旁侧路 ‎30.suspect n. (犯罪)嫌疑人；可疑分子 ‎31.circulate v. 流传；传播 ‎32.gang n. (犯人的)一群，一帮 ‎33.tentative adj. 不确定的；试探性的 ‎34.behalf n. 方面；利益 ‎35.fundamental adj. 根本的；基本的 ‎36.drawback n. 不利因素 ‎37.superb adj. 极好的；超级的 ‎38.substitute n. 代替物；代替品 ‎39.confidential adj. 秘密的，机密的 ‎40.liberty n. 自由；自由权 ‎41.movable adj. 活动的，可移动的 ‎42.manuscript n. 底稿；手稿 ‎43.press n. 印刷机 ‎44.squeeze v. 榨出；挤出；压出(液体)‎ ‎45.olive n. 橄榄 ‎46.mill n. 工厂，制造厂 ‎47.Bible n. 圣经 ‎48.official n. 官员，高级职员 ‎49.rural adj. 农村的，乡村的 ‎50.profession n. 职业 ‎51.calculate v. 计算 ‎52.anecdote n. 趣闻，轶事 ‎1.depend on 依靠，依赖；取决于(条件、情况)‎ ‎2.in history 历史上 ‎3.leave for 出发去某地 ‎4.leave sth behind 把……抛在后面 ‎5.on behalf of 代表……‎ ‎6.get tired of doing sth 厌倦做某事；厌烦做某事 ‎7.at liberty 获得自由的 ‎8.up to 到(某个数量)‎ ‎9.lead to 导致，通向，通往 ‎10.take up 从事，开始做(某项工作)‎ ‎1.It is believed to be the best example of a new lifelike style of painting that amazed people when it was first used.‎ 它被认为是一种新的形象逼真型绘画的最好代表，这种绘画风格一经使用就使人们惊叹不已。‎ ‎2.After centuries of accepting a medieval world view in which human life was considered of little value com－pared with the greatness of God, philosophers began asking questions like “What is a person？” or “Why am I here？”‎ 几个世纪以来，哲学家们都持有中世纪的世界观，认为与上帝的伟大相比人的生命很渺小。现在他们开始提出诸如“人为何物？”以及“我为何存在？”这样的问题。‎ ‎3.But as the ideas of the Renaissance developed，so did the demand for the Greek and Latin classics, which had been largely ignored for up to 2，000 years.‎ 但随着文艺复兴观念的发展，人们对希腊和拉丁经典作品的需求也增加了，而这些经典已经被忽视达两千年了。‎ 二 单元综合知识运用检测 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018·石家庄高三联考)In the course of our lives, someone with whom we got acquainted by accident often inspires us.‎ Early one morning, I opened the window to find that the sun was splashed everywhere. The sunshine warmed my face, making it comfortable. I started to play my beloved violin. My mind was quite focused, my spirit firm, and my mood entirely free of worry. When I was playing the climax to the piece, a sound from next door got my attention.‎ I was fascinated and had a special idea: “How wonderful if we played together！” I began to play pieces by Beethoven with my neighbor, one piece after another. We played together so well that I was curious about how she or he looked. However, I couldn't figure out why the violinist next door never responded when I knocked on the door. I was extremely disappointed.‎ A year later, I took part in a violin competition. At the event, I made a new friend, whose name was Rita. This girl, who was my age, was deaf and dumb, but she had played the violin for eight years! I saw Rita carefully walk onto the stage. She put the violin between her neck and shoulder and began to perform. “The melody is so familiar！” I said to myself. It ‎ was unbelievable that a girl who was deaf and dumb could play such marvelous music. The audience warmly applauded her. What was even harder to believe was that the girl was my neighbor. It was fate that we should meet and become friends.‎ Rita's story made me realize that life is not always sunny or poetic; sometimes there are violent storms and setbacks. However, no matter what you suffer, believe in yourself and strive. You can succeed.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者的邻居是位聋哑姑娘，但她却能用小提琴演奏出美妙的乐曲。作者通过这个故事告诉我们：有志者，事竟成。‎ ‎1．Why was there no response every time the author knocked on his neighbor's door?‎ A．His neighbor had moved away.‎ B．His neighbor meant to decline him.‎ C．His neighbor was hearingchallenged.‎ D．His neighbor was too excited to respond.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It was unbelievable that a girl who was deaf and dumb could play such marvelous music.”并结合全文内容可知，作者的邻居就是这位聋哑女孩，她听不到敲门声所以无法回应。故C项正确。‎ ‎2．What is the message conveyed in the last paragraph?‎ A．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.‎ B．Happiness exists in acceptance.‎ C．A fall in the pit, a gain in your wit.‎ D．Smile to life, and you'll get a smile back.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“However, no matter what you suffer, believe in yourself and strive. You can succeed.”可推知，最后一段主要表达的是“有志者，事竟成”。故A项正确。‎ ‎3．The author wrote this text mainly to________.‎ A．introduce his neighbor Rita B．value his friendship with Rita C．speak highly of Rita's violin skills D．show the inspiration he got from Rita 解析：选D　写作意图题。根据第一段并结合最后一段内容可知，本文旨在告诉读者作者从邻居——聋哑女孩Rita那里得到的启示。故D项正确。‎ B My cellphone rang while I was working on my computer. I looked at the phone and saw it was my 17yearold son, Tom. I quickly picked it up. “Mom, I got a 71 on the test. I did it.” With those few words, I could feel my heart start to pound.‎ Living in New York State, students cannot graduate from high school unless they pass at least five exams: one in English, one in science, two in history and one in math. For most students, who work hard, attend class, and do their homework, it isn't that hard. But for Tom, who is dyslexic (朗读困难的), it is such a real challenge that some teachers have feared he would never ‎ be able to even attempt, never mind achieve.‎ We were honest with him about his trouble, letting him know that there was nothing to be ashamed of. Some people learn differently. If he was willing to work, we would help him find a way to do as much as he could in his academic career. All that was standing in his way was this math test. He had taken it three times and did better each time, but he continued to fail. He was starting to get a bit tired of me saying this was a marathon not a sprint (冲刺). My heart broke each time we would get the failing results.‎ ‎“Mom, thanks. I love you. Thanks for believing I could do this.”‎ For one of the few times in my life, I really had nothing left to say. For that one brief moment I knew, really, really, knew that everything we did to help our son achieve what he wanted was worth it.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者的儿子Tom患有朗读困难症，所以学习不好，而纽约的高中要求学生通过五门考试才能毕业，作为母亲，作者想尽一切办法使Tom相信他自己可以做到。经过努力Tom终于通过了考试。‎ ‎4．What does the underlined word“pound” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?‎ A．Sink suddenly.　　　　　 B．Beat wildly.‎ C．Ache violently. D．Break totally.‎ 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Mom, I got a 71 on ‎ the test. I did it.”并结合下文内容可推断，作者的儿子有朗读困难症，数学考了三次都没及格，这次他考了71分，通过了考试，故作者应该会感到非常激动，心怦怦直跳。故pound应意为“(心脏)剧烈地跳动”，即beat wildly。故答案选B。‎ ‎5．According to the text, Tom was weak in ________.‎ A．English B．science C．history D．math 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“All that was standing in his way was this math test. He had taken it three times and did better each time, but he continued to fail.”可知，Tom不擅长数学，考了三次都没有及格。故答案选D。‎ ‎6．How did the writer feel when she wrote this text?‎ A．She felt proud and satisfied.‎ B．She felt surprised and bitter.‎ C．She felt grateful and relaxed.‎ D．She felt worried and anxious.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“For that one brief moment I knew, really, really, knew that everything we did to help our son achieve what he wanted was worth it.”可推断，作者对儿子最后通过考试很满意，也为儿子感到骄傲。故答案选A。‎ ‎7．What can be the best title for the text?‎ A．A Mother's Love That Made the Grade B．A Student Who Struggled for a Diploma C．Failure Is the Mother of Success D．Life Is Not a Sprint but a Marathon 解析：选A　标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，作者的儿子Tom患有朗读困难症，所以学习不好，而纽约的高中要求学生通过五门考试才能毕业，作为母亲，作者想尽一切办法使Tom相信他自己可以做到。经过努力Tom终于考了71分通过了考试。由此可推断，是母亲的爱使Tom获得了成功。A项符合文章主旨，适合做标题。故答案选A。‎ C Children should start learning Shakespeare at the age of four before they are faced with the difficulty with the language, says a study published recently.‎ Lessons should begin before pupils start secondary school, because many teenagers begin to dislike the plays, says the report. All pupils should also see at least one performance of a Shakespeare's play.‎ The recommendations have been made in a Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC) document, contemplating why school children show less and less interest in drama.‎ The RSC has warned that children_are_being_turned_off_Shakespeare_because_of_the _way_they_are_taught_in_schools_and_a_lack_of_opportunities_to_see_plays_performed_live. Jacqui O'Hanlon, the head of education at the RSC, said, “We've seen teachers working extremely well in class. There's been a lot of success with 4yearolds. With primary school kids, there isn't a fear factor because they've never heard of him. What we do with children ‎ from the age of 8 is to unfold the story piece by piece and show them the key moments of drama.”‎ Shakespeare is compulsory in secondary school. Pupils between the ages of 11 and 14 must study at least one play.‎ An educator who is in charge of England's exams said a review of the primary school courses would be a chance to decide if it should be taught to younger pupils. And as part of the RSC task, more courses will be developed to help teachers lead lessons on plays.‎ Tamsin Greig, the actress, who won an Olivier Award for her performance in Shakespeare's Much Ado About Nothing last year, said, “Give children the chance to play with words, ideas and stories, and boredom will have no place.”‎ 语篇解读：本文主要论述了孩子们应该在四岁时就开始接触莎士比亚的戏剧，建议孩子在上初中之前就开始学习莎士比亚的作品。‎ ‎8．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?‎ A．Secondary schools don't offer lessons on Shakespeare.‎ B．Children at the age of four have more abilities to do things.‎ C．Early contact and learning help students better understand Shakespeare's plays.‎ D．Language is a problem for all children in learning Shakespeare and acting well.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段提到的“小孩子四岁时就应该开始学习莎士比亚的戏剧”以及第二段提到的“‎ 学生们在上中学之前就应该开始学习莎士比亚的课程”可知，前两段均在鼓励学生尽早接触莎士比亚的作品，故选C项。‎ ‎9．What does the underlined part in the fourth paragraph imply?‎ A．Proper guidance is necessary in learning Shakespeare.‎ B．Shakespeare was once children's favorite lesson.‎ C．Shakespeare becomes out of date for children.‎ D．School children always like new things and popular food.‎ 解析：选A　句意理解题。画线部分句意为：孩子们对莎士比亚失去兴趣是因为他们在学校受教育的方式以及缺少机会去看莎士比亚戏剧的现场表演。因此说明“孩子们学习莎士比亚需要学校的指导(guidance)以及观看演出的机会”，A项“适当地引导孩子学习莎士比亚是必要的”符合句意，故选A项。‎ ‎10．Which of the following is TRUE?‎ A．Shakespeare is compulsory in primary school.‎ B．Children between 11 and 14 must be taught acting.‎ C．Children aged 8 should be taught to write stories.‎ D．Tamsin Greig once acted in a Shakespeare's play.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Tamsin Greig, the actress, who won an Olivier Award for her performance in Shakespeare's Much Ado About Nothing ...”可知，她曾经出演过莎士比亚的戏剧，故选D项。‎ ‎11．What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Teach Children Shakespeare at an Early Age B．A Great Dramatist — Shakespeare C．A Compulsory Lesson in Secondary School D．Teach Children to Read from the Age of Four 解析：选A　标题归纳题。纵观全文，本文主要论述了孩子们应该在四岁时就开始学习莎士比亚的戏剧，虽然在初中时莎士比亚戏剧为必修课，但是建议孩子在上初中之前就开始学习莎士比亚的作品，全文主要提倡“teach children Shakespeare at an early age”，即在早些时候就开始教孩子们学习莎士比亚的作品，故选A项。‎ D ‎(2018·厦门高三检测)A study by the British government has discovered the mental wellbeing of the country's teenage girls has worsened.‎ The survey, which included 30,000 14yearold students in 2005 and 2014, showed 37 percent of girls with psychological stress, up from 34 percent in 2005. British boys' stress level was actually seen to fall over the same time period, from 17 percent to 15 percent. The report's authors pointed out the “appearance of the social media age” could be a major contributing factor for increasing stress among teenage British girls.‎ ‎“The adolescent years are a time of rapid physical, cognitive and emotional development，” Pam Ramsden, a lecturer in psychology at the University of Bradford in the United Kingdom, wrote in a blog post. “Teenagers interact with people in order to learn how to become competent adults. In the past,‎ ‎ they would engage with parents, teachers and other adults in their community as well as extended family members and friends. Now we can also add social media to that list of social and emotional development.”‎ Throughout adolescence, girls and boys develop characteristics like confidence and selfcontrol. Since teenage brains have not completely developed, teens don't have the cognitive awareness and impulse control to keep from posting inappropriate content. Furthermore, this content can easily be circulated far and wide with disastrous implications.‎ ‎“Social media can also feed into girls' insecurities about their appearance，” Ramsden said. “These sites are often filled with images of people with body type unattainable to the normal person. However, these images and the messages tied to them creep into social standards.”‎ ‎“Social media allows girls to make comparisons among friends as well as celebrities and then provides them with ‘solutions’ such as extreme dieting tips and workouts to reach their goals，” Ramsden said.“Concerns about body image can negatively impact their quality of life preventing them from having healthy relationships and taking up time that could be better spent developing other aspects of their personalities.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。英国政府一项研究发现，英国女生的心理健康变得越来越糟；分析表明，社交媒体时代的出现是英国女生心理压力加大的主要因素。‎ ‎12．How does the survey tell us the negative impact of social media?‎ A．By making experiments.‎ B．By raising a question.‎ C．By making comparisons.‎ D．By analyzing causes and effects.‎ 解析：选D　写作手法题。通读全文可知，文章第一、二段分析了社交媒体对女生的影响造成的结果：女生的心理压力比男生大，心理越来越不健康；第三到六段详细说明了社交媒体对女生造成影响的表现、缘由。据此可知，本文是通过分析影响的起因和影响的结果来告诉我们社交媒体对女生产生的负面影响。故选D。‎ ‎13．What is Ramsden's attitude toward the images with fine body shape?‎ A．Supportive. B．Indifferent.‎ C．Critical. D．Concerned.‎ 解析：选C　观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，Ramsden对关注身材是持批评态度的。故选C。‎ ‎14．According to the last paragraph, it is necessary for teenagers ________.‎ A．to get rid of the bad effects of social media B．to follow the celebrities' example C．to be concerned about their body image D．to make comparisons among friends 解析：选A　推理判断题。通读最后一段可知，该段主要阐述了社交媒体对青少年尤其是女生造成的负面影响，包括在朋友之间形成攀比心理、把时间浪费在过度关注身材上等；据此可以判断，青少年应当消除社交媒体的负面影响。故选A。‎ ‎15．What does this text mainly tell us?‎ A．The wellbeing of teenagers in Britain.‎ B．The social media's negative effect on teenagers.‎ C．The development of teenagers in Britain.‎ D．How to interact with teenagers in Britain.‎ 解析：选B　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要论述了社交媒体对英国青少年尤其是女生的负面影响，包括在朋友中形成攀比心理、过度关注身材而忽视其他能力的发展，形成心理压力等，B项最能概括文意。故选B。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Should We Get Rid of Cash?‎ When it comes to money, many people still think of the paper bill in their wallets. For years, cash (or paper currency) has played an important role in our daily activity.__1__‎ The idea first came up when he read a statistic report about currency distribution released by the US Treasury, the department in control of the central bank. __2__ On the other hand, border states like Florida and California, which were heavily involved in drug trafficking (贩毒), see an ever increasing need for large bills.‎ Rogoff argues that most big bills in circulation were being used for one of two purposes. Profitmotivated crimes such as illegal gambling, drugs, prostitution, loan sharking, the ‎ fencing of stolen merchandise take up a major part. Tax evasion (逃税) by people who arrange to receive cash income and don't report it also contribute to its popularity.__3__‎ However, the total amount of cash issued by government is still booming. The government don't know where it goes. __4__ But they are happy to know that it's popular, because they make money by making money — about $70 billion a year. It is unlikely that they can enjoy such benefit though. If taken into account the human cost, the enforcement cost, the tax loss, these visible profits will be easily offset.‎ ‎__5__ Here's a typical opinion: “The day we go cashless, the government will be able to track your every move. This is nothing more than a call for dictatorship.”‎ A．He strongly urged the government to do something about it.‎ B．They don't know who's using it.‎ C．There are other people who see cash very differently.‎ D．The problem is that it also aids crime.‎ E．But Harvard professor Ken Rogoff is now appealing to the government to put it into extinction.‎ F．He noticed that some regions, like the Midwest, had almost no demand for the $100 bills.‎ G．But its popularity is slowly decreasing as we have more ways to pay, according to Harvard professor Ken Rogoff.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章以“金钱”‎ 为切入点，主要讨论了是否应该取消现金的问题。‎ ‎1．选E　空格前提到现金在我们的日常活动中起重要作用，再结合第二段第一句中的“The idea first came up when he read a statistic report”可以判断，空格处应指但是有人认为应该取消现金。E项承上启下，符合语境。故E项正确。‎ ‎2．选F　空格前提到Rogoff读过一份货币流通的统计报告；空格后提到另一方面，一些涉及大量贩毒的边境地区需要大面额纸币，故空格处应介绍Rogoff从报告中获取的关于不需要大面额现金的信息。F项“他注意到一些地区，像中东，几乎不需要100美元面额的钞票”，符合语境。故F项正确。‎ ‎3．选A　该段介绍了大面额钞票的两种非法用途：非法获取高额利润和逃税。据此可以判断，空格处应为Rogoff对此的看法。A项“他强烈要求政府对此采取措施”承接上文，符合语境。故A项正确。‎ ‎4．选B　根据空格上一句“The government don't know where it goes.”可知，政府不知道这些钱去哪了；据此可以判断，B项“他们也不知道谁在使用这些现金”与上句相呼应，都是政府的表现。故B项正确。‎ ‎5．选C　根据空格下一句可知，本段陈述的是对于现金的另外一个观点；据此可判断，C项“也有人对现金有不同看法”，符合语境。故C项正确。‎ 完形填空 ‎(2017～2018遵义航天高级中学第一学期模拟英语试题)‎ Over the last 15 years, as a doctor, I have had hearttoheart conversations with countless patients near the end of their lives. The most common emotion they express is __1__. And ‎ that's __2__ I came up with a project to encourage people to write a __3__ to their loved ones. It's a lesson I learned years ago from a memorable __4__ patient.‎ He was a retired __5__ with a cancer. Every day, his __6__ spent many hours watching him watch television. She explained to me he had never been much of a __7__ in their 50plus years of marriage. But he seemed quite __8__ to share his ideas with me, __9__ when it became clear his days were __10__. He spoke of his deep regret for not having spent enough time with his loved wife, and of his great __11__ in his son, who had joined the Navy in his father's footsteps.‎ One afternoon, when I mentioned these __12__ to his wife and son, they looked disbelievingly at each other. They thanked me for being so kind but __13__ my patient was unlikely to express such feelings. To make sure his family could hear his __14__， I took my video camera with me the next morning and with the patient's __15__， recorded an open letter from him to his family. When I gave them the __16__ letter, both his wife and son were moved to tears.‎ The experience __17__ my letter project, which can help people complete their life review tasks: apologizing to those we may have hurt; __18__ those who have hurt us and saying “I love you”. It may take much courage to write a life review letter. For some people, it may __19__ deep and troubling emotions. __20__ it may be the most important letter you will ever write.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　作为一名医生，因为与无数临终的病人交谈过，他们常表达出自己的遗憾。这激发了我想让人们给自己爱的人写一封信的想法，以此表达对曾经伤害过的人的歉意及原谅伤害过自己的人们。‎ ‎1．A.gratitude　　　B．regret C．apology D．affection 答案与解析：B　考查名词辨析。根据下文的内容可知是在临终之前表达的都是遗憾的心情。最后一段中有提示。gratitude“感激”；regret“后悔，遗憾”；apology“道歉”；affection“情感”。‎ ‎2．A.because B．why C．when D．how 答案与解析：B　考查连词。从语境可看出这就是我为什么(why)提出这个项目。故B符合。‎ ‎3．A.note B．bill C．letter D．sentence 答案与解析：C　考查名词。通过语境可知病人临终时常有遗憾，因此作者通过这个项目来鼓励人们写信给自己所爱的人。故选C.letter。‎ ‎4．A.dying B．weak C．unconscious D．silent 答案与解析：A　考查形容词。从下文可知这是从一个将要去世的人学到的教训。因此选项A.dying(要死的)符合题意。weak“虚弱的”；unconscious“无意识的”；silent“沉默的”。通过对比可知A符合题意。‎ ‎5．A.merchant B．worker C．official D．soldier 答案与解析：D　考查名词。从第11小题可知他是当过海军，因此是个士兵(soldier)。‎ ‎6．A.family B．daughter C．son D．wife 答案与解析：D　考查名词。从第7小题后“in their 50plus years of marriage.”(在他们结婚的50多年里)可知是他的妻子(wife)。‎ ‎7．A.husband B．lover C．talker D．companion 答案与解析：C　考查名词辨析。上文说他妻子每天都在看他看电视，(可知他是个不健谈的人。)由此可推断出她向我解释说在他们结婚的50多年里，他不是个健谈的人(talker)。‎ ‎8．A.willing B．disturbing C．embarrassed D．delighted 答案与解析：A　考查形容词。根据句意可知这个人不善言谈却愿意(willing)和我分享他的一些想法。disturbing“烦扰的，令人不安的”；embarrassed“局促不安的，为难的，尴尬的，窘迫的”；delighted高兴的。‎ ‎9．A.specially B．especially C．exactly D．gradually 答案与解析：B　考查副词。句意：他看起来非常愿意和我分享他的想法，尤其(especially尤其地)是他在世上的日子不少了。specially“特别地，专门地，特意地，格外地”；especially“尤其地，主要地，格外地，显著地”；exactly“确切地”；gradually“‎ 慢慢地”。‎ ‎10．A.numbered B．died C．ended D．completed 答案与解析：A　考查动词辨析。从第5小题可知他是个癌症患者，所剩时日不多，屈指可数。故用numbered。‎ ‎11．A.satisfaction B．pride C．concern D．complaint 答案与解析：B　考查名词。他儿子以他为榜样参加了海军，因此他以儿子为自豪(pride)。satisfaction“满意”；concern“关心”；complaint“抱怨”。be proud of...“以……感到自豪”。故选B。‎ ‎12．A.comments B．decisions C．explanations D．promises 答案与解析：A　考查名词辨析。当我把他的话(即评论)对他的妻子和儿子说了，他们难以置信。comment “评论”；decision“决定”；explanation“解释”；promise“承诺，允诺”。‎ ‎13．A.denied B．disbelieved C．insisted D．realized 答案与解析：C　考查动词。从上文可知这个病人是个不善谈的人，所以当他儿子和妻子听到这样的评论难以相信，因此他们才会感谢我并坚持(insisted)他是不可能如此表达。deny“否认”；disbelieved“难以相信”；realize“意识到，知道，实现”。从上文可知C符合本题。‎ ‎14．A.sorrow B．anxiety C．wish D．love 答案与解析：D　考查名词。从上文的内容可知是这个病人表达的是对家人的爱(love)。sorrow“悲痛”；anxiety“焦虑，担心”；wish“愿望”；love“爱”。‎ ‎15．A.desire B．permission C．request D．assistance 答案与解析：B　考查名词。第二天我带着摄像机，经过病人的同意(permission)。desire“渴望”；permission“允许，批准”；request“请求”；assistance“帮助”。从上下文中可知是病人的允许。故选B。‎ ‎16．A.taped B．typed C．written D．unopened 答案与解析：A　考查动词辨析。tape“用带子捆起来，录音”；type“打字”；write“写作”；open“打开”。‎ ‎17．A.raised B．inspired C．proved D．welcomed 答案与解析：B　考查动词辨析。根据下文可知这个项目能帮助人们弥补过去的憾事，这事激励我去做。raise “引起，抱起，提高(价格等)，养育，筹集”；inspire“鼓舞，激励，赋予灵感，启迪”；prove “证明，证实”；welcome“欢迎，乐于接受”。‎ ‎18．A.acknowledging B．forgetting C．hurting D．forgiving 答案与解析：D　考查动词辨析。句意：向那些我们可能伤害过的人道歉；原谅那些伤害过我们的人，并说“我爱你”。acknowledge“承认，鸣谢，对……打招呼”；forget“忘记”；hurt“伤害”；forgive“原谅”。通过上下文可知是原谅(forgive)那些伤害过我们的人，D符合题意。‎ ‎19．A.calls for B．calls off C．calls in D．calls up 答案与解析：D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于一些人来说，它可能唤起(call up)人们内心深处的烦恼情绪。calls for“要求，需要，提倡”；calls off“放弃，取消，叫走”；calls in“召集，招来，收回”；call up“打电话，召集，使想起，提出，唤醒”。通过上下文可知call up符合题意。‎ ‎20．A.So B．For C．Yet D．Otherwise 答案与解析：C　考查连词辨析。本空前句意：它可能唤起人们内心深处的烦恼情绪。及空后的句意：这可能是你写过的最重要的一封信。从本空的语境可知：虽然能让人们想起不好的情绪但却是最重要的一封信。由此可知是转折关系。故选C。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 ‎(2018·唐山一模)‎ With only about 1,800 ones left in the wild, all giant pandas are precious. However, Qizai, __1__ sevenyearold panda that lives at the Foping Panda Valley in China's Shanxi Province, is even more so. That's because he is among a handful of giant pandas __2__ (know) to be the only one __3__ brown and white fur in the reserve. The 220pound Qizai has become a superstar, and many __4__ (toy) in his color have been made. However, life has not always been easy for him.‎ It was when he was just two months old that Qizai was abandoned by his mother. He spent his early years at the Shanxi ‎ Rare Wildlife Rescue Center. Then he __5__ (send) to his current home, __6__ there were many other giant pandas. However, the other pandas seemed __7__ (dislike) him and often bullied (欺负) him by stealing his bamboo.‎ Researchers are not sure why Qizai has different fur. Some assume that the brown fur is a result of a gene problem and __8__ think that it is due to climate. __9__ (hopeful), scientists will be able to make a __10__ (discover) by observing Qizai's children.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　世界上只有1800只野生大熊猫，因此它们弥足珍贵，而拥有棕色皮毛的大熊猫七仔则更加稀有。‎ ‎1．答案与解析：a'考查冠词。句意为：然而，七仔——一只生活在中国陕西省佛坪熊猫谷的七岁大熊猫则更加珍贵。分析句子结构可知，此处“__1__sevenyearold panda”是“Qizai”的同位语，且句中“panda”是单数，故填不定冠词a，表泛指。‎ ‎2．答案与解析：known'考查非谓语动词。句意为：那是因为我们都知道它是保护区内一群大熊猫中唯一一只有着棕白相间的毛色的大熊猫。设空处在句中作定语，修饰“pandas”，且逻辑主语“pandas”与动词know之间为被动关系，故填过去分词known。‎ ‎3．答案与解析：with'考查介词。句意见上一题解析。根据句意可知，这只大熊猫具有这样的特征。with有“具有；带有”的意思，符合句意。故填with。‎ ‎4．答案与解析：toys'考查名词单复数。句意为：这只重220磅的大熊猫七仔已成为超级明星，很多玩具的毛色都做得跟它的一样。toy为可数名词，其前有“many”修饰，故应用复数形式。故填toys。‎ ‎5．答案与解析：was sent'考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：然后它被送到了它现在的家，那里有很多其他的大熊猫。设空处为主句的谓语，send与主语“he”之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；根据上一句时态可知，此处为发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。故填was sent。‎ ‎6．答案与解析：where'考查定语从句。句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“home”，从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。‎ ‎7．答案与解析：to dislike'考查非谓语动词。句意为：但是，其他的大熊猫好像不喜欢它，经常欺负它，偷它的竹子。“seem”后接动词不定式，故填to dislike。‎ ‎8．答案与解析：others'考查代词。句意为：一些人认为棕色皮毛是基因问题，另一些人以为是气候原因。some...others...是固定搭配，意为“一些……另一些……”，故填others。‎ ‎9．答案与解析：Hopefully'考查词性转换。句意为：科学家们有望通过观察七仔的孩子来获得发现。设空处在句中作评注性状语，要用副词形式。故填Hopefully。‎ ‎10．答案与解析：discovery'考查词性转换。句意见上一题解析。词后接可数名词单数，故填discovery。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 At present, I am extreme happy because I am doing what I like. As senior three student, I study hard every day and live it to the full. It feels like good to study hard with my determining classmates to fulfill our dreams. When I recalled the happy things that happened to me, the experience of my receiving the scholarship in middle school topped it all. It was a time that my family was going through financial difficulties. So I make up my mind to win the scholarship, hoped to lighten up my parents' financial burdens. After making tons of painstaking effort, I succeeded. At the ceremony, my mom was the most poorlydressed woman, and with the brightest smile on her face.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　文章主要讲述了作者努力学习，下定决心赢得奖学金，减轻父母的经济负担。经过一番努力，作者成功了，在典礼上，虽然母亲穿的最寒酸但是脸上带着灿烂的笑容。‎ ‎1．答案与解析：extreme→extremely　考查副词。句意：我非常高兴，因为我在做我喜欢做的事情。修饰形容词“happy”应使用副词。根据题意，故将extreme改为extremely。‎ ‎2．答案与解析：as后加a　考查冠词。句意：作为一名三年级的学生。此处为泛指，as a＋n.作为一名……。根据题意，故在as后添加不定冠词a。‎ ‎3．答案与解析：去掉like　考查动词用法。句意：和我坚定的同学一起努力学习来实现我们的梦想感觉很好。feel like ＋名词/动名词，意为“觉得好像……”；feel为系动词，其后使用形容词作表语。根据题意，故将like去掉。‎ ‎4．答案与解析：determining→determined　考查形容词。句意：当我回忆起发生在我身上的快乐的事情时。根据“be determined to do sth.”决心做某事。根据题意，故将determining改为determined。‎ ‎5．答案与解析：it→‎ them　考查代词。句意：我在中学获得奖学金的经历超过了他们。根据上文，作者获得了奖学金超过了他的同学“classmates”，根据题意，故将it改为them。‎ ‎6．答案与解析：that→when　考查定语从句。句意：那时我的家庭正经历财务困难。“Time”为先行词，when在从句中作时间状语。根据题意，故将that改为when。‎ ‎7．答案与解析：make→made　考查动词时态。句意：所以我下定决心要赢得奖学金，希望减轻父母的经济负担。文章使用一般过去时描述，根据题意，故将make改为made。‎ ‎8．答案与解析：hoped→hoping　考查非谓语动词。句意：所以我下定决心要赢得奖学金，希望减轻父母的经济负担。“I”与hope之间处于主动关系，根据题意，故将hoped改为hoping。‎ ‎9．答案与解析：effort→efforts　考查名词复数。句意：经过一番艰苦的努力，我成功了。“tons of”修饰可数名词复数。根据题意，故将effort改为efforts。‎ ‎10．答案与解析：but→and　考查连词。句意：在典礼上，我妈妈是穿得最差的女人，但脸上带着最灿烂的笑容。前后为并列关系，根据题意，故将but改为and。‎ Ⅲ.书面表达 ‎(2018·山东、湖北部分重点中学联考)‎ 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tim很喜欢中央电视台去年首播的《中国诗词大会》(the Chinese Poetry Competition)这档电视节目，并想学习中国古诗词，请给他写封邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1.节目简介；‎ ‎2.学习古诗词的建议。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎【参考范文】‎ Dear Tim How is everything going? I'm more than delighted to know that you show great interest in the popular TV show “the Chinese Poetry Competition” and intend to learn Chinese poetry. I am writing to give you a brief introduction and share some practical advice on poetry learning.‎ In fact, “the Chinese Poetry Competition” has earned great popularity and attracted an increasing number of talented competitors throughout the world since it was first broadcast in 2016. The program, aiming to arouse public enthusiasm for ‎ traditional Chinese culture and help people better appreciate the beauty of poetry, proves to be a great success.‎ As for how to learn poems well, I think that as a beginner, Tang poems by some wellknown poets like Li Bai and Du Fu will suit you well. Besides, recitation is also a significant approach to learning poetry. Hopefully, you will enjoy learning Chinese poetry with my suggestions above.‎ Looking forward to your reply!‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua