2020年高考英语模拟考试试卷试题【可编辑、附答案和详细解释】15 11页

‎2020年高考英语模拟考试试卷试题 ‎【可编辑、附答案和详细解释】‎ II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1. Once upon a time … Once upon a time there lived in Germany two brothers． At school they met a wise man who led them to a treasure ﹣ a library of old books with tales more fascinating than any they had ever heard．（1）________（inspire）， the brothers began collecting their own stories， listening to the folktales people told them． Soon they produced their own treasure ﹣ a book of fairy tales that would charm millions in faraway lands for generations （2）________（come）． The brothers Grimm， Jacob and Wilhelm， named their story collection Children's and Household Tales and published it in Germany in 1812． The collection （3）________（translate） into more than 160 languages up to now． The stories and their characters continue to feature in virtually every media： theatre， opera， comic books， movies， paintings， rock music， advertising and fashion． Such fame would have shocked the modest Grimms． During their lifetimes the collection （4）________（sell） few copies in Germany． The early editions were not even aimed at children． They had no illustrations， and scholarly footnotes took up almost as much space as the tales （5）________． Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm began their work at a time （6）________ Germany had been occupied by the French under Napoleon． The new rulers restricted local culture． As young scholars， the brothers Grimm began to work on the fairy tale collection in order to save the endangered oral storytelling tradition of Germany． （7）________ the brothers implied that they were just keeping records of tales， Wilhelm continued to polish and reshape the stories up to the final edition of 1857． In an effort to make them more acceptable to children and their parents， he stressed the moral of each tale and emphasized gender roles． To this day， parents still read them to their children because they approve of the lessons in the stories： keep your promises， don't talk to strangers， work hard， obey your parents． Yet （8）________ all Wilhelm's additions， the most important part of these stories was left untouched． The cruel treatment of children and the violent punishments handed out to the stories' bad guys are too much for some parents． So what accounts for their popularity？ Some have suggested that it is （9）________ the characters are always striving for happiness． But the truth probably lies in their origin． Grimms' tales were born out of a storytelling tradition without boundaries （界限） of age or culture． The brothers' skill was to translate these into a universal style of writing that seems to mirror （10）________ moods or interests we bring to our reading of them． And so it was that the Grimms' fairy tales lived happily ever after． ‎ Section BDirections： Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2. A． distributedB． absolutelyC． infections D． consumeE． harbor F． relianceG． potential H． specific I． originate J． respectively K． revealed Microplastic Pollution In the past few years， scientists have found microplastics in our soil， tap water， bottled water， beer and even in the air we breathe． And there's growing concern about the （1）_______health risks they poseto humans． The new analysis in the UK have discovered microplastics widely （2）_______ across all 10 lakes and rivers sampled． More than 1，000 small pieces of plastic per litre were found in the River Tame， which was （3）_______ last year as the most polluted place tested worldwide． Even in relatively remote places such as the Falls of Dochart and Loch Lomond in Scotland， two or three pieces per litre were found． Microplastics are not a （4）_______ kind of plastic， but rather any type of small pieces of plastic that is less than 5 mm in length according to the U．S． National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration． They may （5）_______ from a variety of sources， including cosmetics， clothing， and industrial processes． Humans are known to （6）_______ the tiny plastic particles through food and water， but the possible health effects on people and ecosystems have yet to be determined． One study， in Singapore， has found that microplastics can （7）_______ harmful microbes （微生物）． Research by the National University of Singapore found more than 400 types of bacteria on 275 pieces of microplastic collected from local beaches． They included insects that cause gastroenteritis （肠胃炎） and wound （8）_______ in humans． "Microplastics are being found （9）_______ everywhere but we do not know the harm they could be doing，" said Christian Dunn at Bangor University， Wales， who led the work． "It's no use looking back in 20 years' time and saying： 'If only we'd realized just how bad it was．' We need to be monitoring our waters now and we need to think， as a country and a world， how we can be reducing our （10）_______on plastic．" ‎ 第21页 共22页 ◎ 第22页 共22页 III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.     Since 2008,  the average labour﹣force participation rate of 55﹣ to 64﹣year﹣olds in OECD （Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development） countries has risen by eight percentage points． A new OECD report,  "Working Better with Age",  points out that the employment of older workers is （1）_______,  if prosperity is to be maintained． That can be taken as a sign that our society is finally （2）_______the value of its older employees．     Retirement gives you the chance to sleep late and avoid the morning rush hours． No longer do you have to sit through endless meetings or check email frequently． But work can keep the mind active and gives people a （3）_______ in life． The first month of retirement may seem pleasant,  but （4）_______is sure to come． Grand plans to learn languages and travel the world can quickly lose their appeal． （5）_______,  the company of colleagues provides a social network;  spending all week at home can lead to loneliness．     Working longer should be easier now that most jobs require （6）_______,  rather than manual,  labour． Of course,  many people are working longer not because they enjoy what they do,  but because they cannot afford to（7）_______． That is not just because governments have been pushing up the state retirement age． （8）_______,  the average age at which people actually retire differs from the official age by several years． In part,  that is because many people do not rely on the state pension as their only source of income and need work﹣related pensions to supplement it．     However,  companies are gradually （9）_______ pensions linked to final salaries with "defined contribution" schemes． Under the latter,  workers end up with a pot of savings at retirement that needs to be（10）_______． The income from such pots has been reduced by very low interest rates． Women tend to have smaller retirement pots （thanks to their years spent raising children）,  making their difficulties even more （11）_______． They need to keep working．     Older workers may feel （12）_______,  particularly when it comes to promotion． Two issues seem to hold （13）_______ back． The first is that older workers tend to （14）_______ higher salaries,  because of the seniority system． The second is a （15）_______of skills; one in three 55﹣ to 65﹣year﹣olds in OECD countries either lack computer experience or cannot pass technology tests． Such problems can be resolved with proper training,  but the over﹣55s should take it upon themselves to keep up with technological changes． ‎ ‎（1）‎ A.shortsighted B.vital C.adequate D.unnecessary ‎ ‎ ‎（2）‎ A.recognizing B.assessing C.questioning D.transforming ‎ ‎ ‎（3）‎ A.frame B.choice C.lesson D.purpose ‎ ‎ ‎（4）‎ A.liberty B.boredom C.priority D.motivation ‎ ‎ ‎（5）‎ A.However B.Instead C.Therefore D.Furthermore ‎ ‎ ‎（6）‎ A.mental B.simple C.physical D.routine ‎ ‎ ‎（7）‎ A.proceed B.continue C.persist D.quit ‎ ‎ ‎（8）‎ A.In conclusion B.In other words C.In practice D.In particular ‎ ‎ ‎（9）‎ A.replacing B.furnishing C.increasing D.combining ‎ ‎ ‎（10）‎ A.registered B.reinvested C.refunded D.removed ‎ ‎ 第21页 共22页 ◎ 第22页 共22页 ‎（11）‎ A.personal B.severe C.emotional D.practical ‎ ‎ ‎（12）‎ A.competitive B.dominant C.distinguished D.disadvantaged ‎ ‎ ‎（13）‎ A.employers B.researchers C.employees D.female workers ‎ ‎ ‎（14）‎ A.command B.ensure C.oppose D.ignore ‎ ‎ ‎（15）‎ A.range B.discipline C.shortage D.set Section BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.     Agnes de Mille was a dancer and a choreographer （编舞）． Early in her career,  de Mille had created the choreography for a ballet called Three Virgins and a Devil． She thought it was good work,  but nobody made much of it．     A few years later,  de Mille choreographed a ballet named Rodeo． Again,  she thought her work was solid,  but it resulted in little commercial fame．     Then,  in 1943,  de Mille choreographed Oklahoma!,  a musical show that enjoyed nearly instant success． In the coming years,  Oklahoma! would run for an incredible 2, 212 performances,  both around the nation and abroad． In 1955,  the film version won an Academy Award．     But the success of Oklahoma! didn't bring her much happiness． She thought that her work on Oklahoma! was only average compared to some of her other creations． She later said,  "After the opening of Oklahoma!,  I suddenly had unexpected success for a work I thought was only fairly good,  after years of neglect for work I thought was fine． I began to think that perhaps my entire scale of values was untrustworthy． I talked to Martha．"     Martha was Martha Graham,  perhaps the most influential dance choreographer of the 20th century． （Although not as well﹣known by the general public,  Graham has been compared to other creative geniuses like Picasso or Frank Lloyd Wright．）     During their conversation,  de Mille told Martha Graham about her frustration． "I confessed that I had a burning desire to be excellent,  but no faith that I could be．"     Graham responded by saying,      "There is a vitality,  a life force,  an energy,  a quickening that is translated through you into action,  and because there is only one of you in all of time,  this expression is unique． And if you block it,  it will never exist through any other medium and it will be lost． The world will not have it． It is not your business to determine how good it is nor how valuable nor how it compares with other expressions． It is your business to keep it yours clearly and directly,  to keep the channel open．" ‎ ‎（1）What can be learned about de Mille's ballet named Rodeo？________‎ A. Itearned her a large fortune．‎ B. It made her rise to fame overnight．‎ C. It didn't enjoy much success．‎ D. It laid a solid foundation for her career．．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（2）How did de Mille feel about the great success of the musical Oklahoma!？________‎ A. Relieved． B. Ashamed． C. Confused． D. Proud．．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（3）Picasso and Frank Lloyd Wright were mentioned in the passage to suggest that Martha Graham________．‎ A. was outstanding in visual arts and architecture B. enjoyed the same popularity as them C. had been influenced greatly by them D. was the most influential artist in her field．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（4）Which of the following statements best represents Graham's words in this passage？________‎ A. Comparing with others prevents you from maintaining uniqueness．‎ B. You should always keep yourself open to the urges that motivate you．‎ C. Your action reveals the inner landscape， which is the soul of music．‎ 第21页 共22页 ◎ 第22页 共22页 D. Choosing to be positive is going to determine how you live your life．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5.     ‎ Shipping containers are gaining popularity as an alternative to traditional houses． These 20﹣or 40﹣foot containers can be obtained for a little as several hundred US dollars apiece,  and it's not surprising that some industry professionals and even city planners consider them the future of home building． Below are details of some amazing homes made out of shipping containers．     London Container City（I and II）     London's Container City first sprang up in the heart of the docklands in 2001． It took just five months to complete the original 12 work studios． Shortly after that,  a fourth floor of studios and living apartments was built on top of these． The first container city was so successful that another ﹣ Container City II ﹣ was added to it．     Los Angeles Redondo Beach house     With its modern lines and appealing spaces,  the award﹣winning Redondo Beach House is a luxury beachside showpiece built from eight recycled steel shipping containers,  along with some traditional building materials． According to the architects,  the modified containers are "nearly indestructible"．     Amsterdam Keetwonen     Amsterdam's massive Keetwonen complex houses 1, 000 students and it is the largest container city in the world． The housing project is a roaring success and features units that are quiet and comfortable． Each resident enjoys a bathroom,  kitchen and separate sleeping and studying quarters． The complex even has central heating and high﹣speed internet as well as areas for parking bikes．     Mexico M2ATK Container House     M2ATK designed this unique container house for an artist． It's fully equipped with heating and cooling,  a kitchen and bathroom． On the bottom floor of the house are "public spaces" such as the kitchen and living room． The second floor is the bedroom,  and the top floor is a studio space in which to work,  read and "let fly the imagination"．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（1）Compared to traditional houses， container houses are________．‎ A. easier to maintain B. less expensive to build C. more comfortable to live in D. more fashionable in style． ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（2）What can be learned about Amsterdam's Keetwonen complex？________‎ A. It is the first container city in the world．‎ B. It's equipped with modern facilities．‎ C. It features a luxury and unique style．‎ D. It includes living space and car parks．．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（3）Which of the following is the best title for the poster？________‎ A. Recycled material for Ideal Home B. Shipping Container Home Challenges C. Home in a Steel Box D. Housing Options and Solutions．‎ ‎6.     On August 29th,  as Hurricane Dorian tracked towards America's east coast,  Elon Musk,  the boss of Tesla,  an electric﹣car maker,  announced that some of his customers in the storm's path would find that their cars had suddenly developed the ability to drive farther on a single battery charge． Like many modern vehicles,  Mr． Musk's products are best thought of as internet﹣connected computers on wheels． The cheaper models in Tesla's line﹣up have parts of their batteries disabled by the car's software in order to limit their range． At the tap of a keyboard in Palo Alto,  the firm was able to remove those restrictions and give drivers temporary access to the full power of their batteries．     Mr． Musk's computerized cars are just one example of a much broader trend． As computers and connectivity become cheaper,  it makes sense to bake them into more and more things that are not,  in themselves,  computers,  creating an "internet of things"．     Such a world will bring many benefits． Consumers will get convenience,  and products that can do things non﹣computerized versions cannot． Businesses will get efficiency,  as information about the physical world that used to be uncertain becomes concrete and analyzable．‎ 第21页 共22页 ◎ 第22页 共22页 ‎     In the long term,  though,  the most obvious effects will be in how the world works． Ever more companies will become tech companies;  the internet will become everywhere． As a result,  a series of unresolved arguments will spill over from the virtual world into the real one．     Start with ownership． As Mr Musk showed,  the internet gives firms the ability to stay connected to their products even after they have been sold,  transforming them into something closer to services than goods． That has already made the traditional ideas of ownership unclear． When Microsoft closed its ebook store in July,  for instance,  its customers lost the ability to read titles they had bought （the firm offered refunds）． That shifts the balance of power from the customer to the seller．     Virtual business models will ________ in the physical world． Tech firms are generally happy to move fast and break things． But you cannot release the beta version （测试版） of a fridge． Apple,  a smartphonemaker,  provides updates for its phones for only five years or so after their release;  users of Android smartphones are lucky to get two． But goods such as washing machines or industrial machinery can have lifespans of a decade or more． Firms will need to work out how to support complicated computerised devices long after their original programmers have moved on．     Data will be another flashpoint． For much of the internet the business model is to offer "free" services that are paid for with valuable user data,  collected with consent （同意） that is half﹣informed at best． In the virtual world,  arguments about what should be tracked,  and who owns the resulting data,  can seem airy and theoretical． In the real one,  they will feel more urgent．     Predicting the consequences of any technology is hard ﹣ especially one as universal as computing． The emergence of the consumer internet,  25 years ago,  was met with starry﹣eyed optimism． These days the internet's faults dominate the headlines． But the people have the advantage of having lived through the first internet revolution ﹣ which should give them some idea of what to expect． ‎ ‎（1）From the passage we can tell that Tesla can________．‎ A. drive faster than usual in extreme weather B. adjust the range of its battery power C. charge the battery at the tap of a keyboard D. operate when the battery is fully drained．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（2）Which of the following is NOT an example of the "unresolved arguments" mentioned in the passage？________‎ A. Early adopters of certain apps find that they ceased to work after the firm lost interest．‎ B. The insurance company uses data from fitness trackers to adjust customers' premiums（保费）．‎ C. Computerized machinery can't predict its breakdowns or schedule preventive maintenance．‎ D. A high﹣tech fridge company restricts its customers from repairing their fridges themselves．．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（3）The underlined word ________ probably means________ in this context．‎ A. boom B. conflict C. vanish D. expand．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（4）This passage is mainly about________．‎ A. how the world will change as computers spread into everyday objects B. the adoption of electric vehicles and the possible problems to expect C. what should be done to prevent the breakdown of computerized devices D. different views on the current application of Internet Technology．‎ Section CDirections： Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎7. A． Creativity is associated with many factors． B． Rather， they should work to expand， grow， and exercise it． C． Without creativity， we are indistinguishable from the masses． D． However， creativity can be acquired at any age． E． It's hard to work out where exactly creativity comes from． F． Everyone has the capacity to be creative． Essential Creativity In a recent survey in America， 62% of people said that creativity was more important to success in the workplace than they had anticipated it would be when they were in school． （1）________ It is of course possible to scan people's brains and see which parts are firing when an idea is created， but rather more romantically it can be thought of as something that cannot be identified． Creativity is what comes to you when you least expect it． You cannot demand creativity from your mind， nor can you demand that you are creative in a particular way． One misconception about creativity is that it is reserved for a few special people． This is not true．（2）________ Another misconception is that creativity is all about the arts but 第21页 共22页 ◎ 第22页 共22页 ‎ this simply isn't true： creativity extends to maths and science in just the way it does to music and literature． Those who see things differently to others and are confident enough to make their ideas a reality are the ones who make the greatest changes in the world． Consequently， it is incredibly important that schools do not prevent creativity． （3）________ Students should be taught to ask questions and investigate when things do not make sense． They need to learn to view mistakes as opportunities for learning rather than something that was unsuccessful． It is worrying that many schools are less concerned now with nurturing creativity when this is the most important time in history for it． It used to be that people worked hard， went to university， and got a job． That was it． But now， everyone works hard， goes to university ﹣ and there aren't the jobs out there that guarantee a safe future． （4）________ We can use it to set ourselves apart， and channel it to face the challenges of the future． ‎ IV．Summary Writing ‎ ‎ ‎8. Directions：Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible． The Decline of Biodiversity Biodiversity is the range of living things in an area． During the last 100 years， scientists have seen a great decline in biodiversity． Some studies show that one in eight plant species is threatened with extinction． It is estimated that 140，000 species of plants are lost each year． Most of the extinctions in the last thousand years are due to humans． The main cause is the chopping down of tropical rain forests． Most of this destruction is done to create pasture （牧场） for beef cattle． Many rainforests in Central and South America have been burnt down to make way for cattle farming， which supplies beef to the rest of the world． It is estimated that for each pound of beef produced， 200 square feet of rainforest are destroyed． The forests are also cut down to make wheat for bread as well as fruit for human consumption． The introduction of exotic （外来的） species is another threat． The latest research from the University of Southampton has revealed the impact of exotic species upon native wildlife， which could potentially lead to the extinctions of local species． When exotic species are introduced to a place， they try to establish a self﹣sustaining population． While the local species， which haven't had a chance to evolve， often lack defenses and thus cannot compete against the exotic species． The disappearance of certain food animals can be disastrous not only to larger animals but also to the entire ecosystem． It is these small creatures which convert much of the energy in an ecosystem from unusable （i．e． microscopic plants， decaying matter， etc．） into usable forms， namely their bodies． Their absence makes most energy and nutrients trapped in forms unusable to other species． This makes the environment less suitable for healthy living， and less capable of producing resources that humans need． ‎ V. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎9. 我家门口的街道成天车水马龙．（crowd）________ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎10. 中国女排成功卫冕世界冠军，给全国人民以极大的鼓舞．（succeed）________ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎11. 本次"城市公共交通周"的活动旨在提高公众节能环保的意识．（aim）________ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎12. 我实在想不通为什么大伙儿都觉得他这个人高不可攀，我印象中他挺和蔼可亲的．（strike）________ ‎ VI. Guided Writing ‎ ‎ ‎13. Directions： Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese． 假设你是陈芳．你的好友王敏是新华中学的学生，下个月将去英国的姐妹校交流访问．王敏想拍摄一个短片，向英国的同学和老师介绍自己的学校．她通过邮件向你征求意见．写一封回信，内容须包括： 1、短片的主题以及与之匹配的主要内容； 2、你选择这些内容的理由． ‎ 第21页 共22页 ◎ 第22页 共22页 参考答案与试题解析 II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.‎ ‎1.【答案】‎ Inspired,to come,has been translated,was sold,themselves,when,Though/Although/While,despite,because,what/whatever ‎【解答】‎ ‎（1）Inspired．考查派生词．做状语，说明主语 the brothers 的状态，表示"受到鼓舞的"，用形容词Inspired． （2）to come．考查动词不定式．做定语，修饰名词 generations ，表示"将要到来的"，用动词不定式to come． （3）has been translated．考查谓语动词．和时间状语 up to now一致，用现在完成时态，和主语 The collection 构成被动关系，谓语动词用has been translated． （4）was sold．考查谓语动词．根据时间状语During their lifetimes，可知谓语动词用过去式，和主语 the collection 构成被动关系，用was sold． （5）themselves．考查反身代词．代指 the tales ，表示强调，用反身代词themselves． （6）when．考查定语从句．修饰先行词a time ，做定语从句Germany had been occupied by the French under Napoleon的时间状语，用关系词when． （7）Though/Although/While．考查状语从句．本句表示"虽然兄弟俩暗示他们只是在记录故事，威廉继续润色和重塑故事，直到1857年的最终版本．"，所以引导让步状语从句 the brothers implied that they were just keeping records of tales，用Though/Although/While． （8）despite．考查介词．修饰名词all Wilhelm's additions，表示"尽管"，用介词despite． （9）because．考查表示表语从句．本句表示"这是因为角色总是在追求幸福"，所以引导表语从句the characters are always striving for happiness，用连词because． （10）what/whatever．考查宾语从句．引导宾语从句 moods or interests we bring to our reading of them，做从句的宾语，用what/whatever．‎ Section BDirections： Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.‎ ‎2.【答案】‎ G． potential,Adistributed,K． revealed,H． specific,I． originate,Dconsume,Eharbor,Cinfections,Babsolutely,Freliance ‎【解答】‎ ‎（1）G． potential．考查单词填空．根据句意"人们越来越担心它们给人类带来的潜在健康风险"可知表示"潜在的" 用G． potential． （2）A． distributed．考查单词填空．根据句意"微型塑料广泛分布在所有10个湖泊和河流中．"可知表示"分布" 用A． distributed． （3）K． revealed．考查单词填空．根据句意"塔姆河每升发现1000多小块塑料，去年被发现是世界上污染最严重的地方"可知表示"揭示，发现" 用K． revealed． （4）H． specific．考查单词填空．根据句意"微塑料不是一种特定类型的塑料"可知表示"特定的" 用 H． specific． （5）I． originate．考查单词填空．根据句意"它们可以来源于多种来源，包括化妆品、服装和工业过程"可知表示"来源于" 用 I． originate． （6）D． consume．考查单词填空．根据句意"类通过食物和水摄入这些微小的塑料颗粒，"可知表示"摄入" 用 D． consume． （7）E． harbor．考查单词填空．根据句意"新加坡的一项研究发现，微型塑料可能藏匿有害微生物．"可知表示"藏匿" 用 E． harbor． （8）C． infections．考查单词填空．根据句意"其中包括引起人类肠胃炎和伤口感染的昆虫．"可知表示"" 用 in humans． （9）B． absolutely．考查单词填空．根据句意"微型塑料绝对是在任何地方都能被发现"可知表示"绝对" 用B． absolutely． （10）F． reliance．考查单词填空．根据句意"作为一个国家和一个世界，我们如何才能减少对塑料的依赖．"可知表示"依赖" 用 F． reliance．‎ III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.‎ ‎3.【答案】‎ B A D B D A D C A B B D A 第21页 共22页 ◎ 第22页 共22页 A C ‎【解答】‎ ‎（1）B 考查形容词． A． shortsighted近视； B． vital重要的； C． adequate充足的； D． unnecessary没必要的；如果要保持繁荣，老年工人的就业至关重要．根据下一句"That can be taken as a sign that our society is finally （2）the value of its older employees"这可以看作是我们的社会终于认识到老员工的价值．"可知老年员工很重要．故选B．‎ ‎（2）A 考查动词．A． recognizing辨认出； B． assessing评估； C． questioning质问； D． transforming转变；这可以看作是我们的社会终于认识到老员工的价值．故选A．‎ ‎（3）D 考查名词．A． frame框架； B． choice选择； C． lesson教训； D． purpose目的；但是工作可以让你的头脑保持活跃，给人们一个生活的目标．根据上一句"But work can keep the mind active "可知说的是工作的好处．故选D．‎ ‎（4）B 考查名词．A． liberty自由； B． boredom无聊； C． priority优先； D． motivation动机；退休的头一个月可能看起来很愉快，但无聊肯定会到来．根据下一句"spending all week at home can lead to loneliness．"可知不工作会很无聊．故选B．‎ ‎（5）D 考查副词．A． However然而； B． Instead代替； C． Therefore因此； D． Furthermore此外；此外，同事的陪伴提供了一个社交网络．故选D．‎ ‎（6）A 考查形容词．A． mental精神的； B． simple简单的； C． physical身体的； D． routine日常；既然大多数工作都需要脑力劳动，而不是体力劳动，那么延长工作时间应该会更容易些．根据下一句" rather than manual， labour而不是体力劳动，"可知是脑力劳动．故选A．‎ ‎（7）D 考查动词．A． proceed继续； B． continue继续； C． persist坚持； D． quit退出；当然，许多人之所以延长工作时间，并不是因为他们喜欢自己的工作，而是因为他们无力辞职．故选D．‎ ‎（8）C 考查介词短语．A． In conclusion总之； B． In other words换句话说； C． In practice实际上； D． In particular尤其；实际上，平均年龄实际退休的人与官方规定的年龄相差几年，故选C．‎ ‎（9）A 考查动词．A． replacing代替； B． furnishing装饰； C． increasing增加； D． combining联合；然而，公司正逐步用"固定缴款"计划取代与最终工资挂钩的养老金．故选A．‎ ‎（10）B 考查动词．A． registered 注册；B． reinvested投资； C． refunded退款； D． removed移动；在后者下，工人退休时会有一笔储蓄，需要再投资．故选B．‎ ‎（11）B 考查形容词．A． personal个人的； B． severe严重的； C． emotional感情的； D． practical实践的； 这要感谢在抚养孩子的这几年里，他们的困难更加严重，他们需要继续工作．故选B．‎ ‎（12）D 考查形容词．A． competitive有竞争力的； B． dominant优势； C． distinguished杰出的； D． disadvantaged劣势；老年工人可能会感到处于不利地位，尤其是在晋升方面．年老的工人在晋升方面肯定是不利的．故选D．‎ ‎（13）A 考查名词．A． employers雇主； B． researchers研究员 C． employees顾工； D． female workers女工人；有两个问题似乎阻碍了雇主的发展．根据下文的"工人要求更高的薪水，技术的短缺"都是雇主需要考虑的问题．故选A．‎ ‎（14）A 考查动词．A． command要求； B． ensure确保； C． oppose反对； D． ignore忽视；首先是年长的工人往往要求更高的薪水．故选A．‎ ‎（15）C 考查名词．A． range范围； B． discipline纪律； C． shortage短缺； D． set放置；第二个问题是技能短缺．根据下一句"one in three 55﹣ to 65﹣year﹣olds in OECD countries either lack computer experience or cannot pass technology tests．在经合组织国家，55至65岁的人中，有三分之一要么缺乏计算机经验，要么无法通过技术测试．"可知是技术的短缺．故选C．‎ Section BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.‎ ‎4.【答案】‎ C C D B ‎【解答】‎ ‎（1）C．细节理解题．根据文章第二段A few years later， de Mille choreographed a ballet named Rodeo． Again， she thought her work was solid， but it resulted in little commercial fame．几年后，德•米勒设计了一部名为"罗多"的芭蕾舞剧，她又一次认为自己的作品是扎实的，但它并没有带来多少商业上的名气．可知德米勒的芭蕾舞剧《牛仔竞技》它没有获得多少成功；故选C．‎ ‎（2）C．细节理解题．根据文章第四段 She thought that her work on Oklahoma! was only average compared to some of her other creations．她以为她在俄克拉荷马州工作！与她的其他作品相比只是一般的．可知 德米勒对音乐剧《俄克拉荷马州》的巨大成功感到困惑；故选C．‎ ‎（3）D．细节理解题．根据文章第五段Martha was Martha Graham， perhaps the most influential dance choreographer of the 20th century． （Although not as well﹣known by the general public， Graham has been compared to other creative geniuses like Picasso or ‎ 第21页 共22页 ◎ 第22页 共22页 Frank Lloyd Wright．玛莎是玛莎•格雷厄姆，也许是20世纪最有影响力的舞蹈编导．（虽然公众并不那么有名，格雷厄姆被比作其他创作天才，如毕加索或弗兰克•劳埃德•赖特．可知文中提到毕加索和弗兰克•劳埃德•赖特是为了暗示玛莎•格雷厄姆是她所在领域最有影响力的艺术家；故选D．‎ ‎（4）B．细节理解题．根据文章最后一段The world will not have it． It is not your business to determine how good it is nor how valuable nor how it compares with other expressions． It is your business to keep it yours clearly and directly， to keep the channel open．这个世界不会拥有它．这不是你的事来决定它有多好，它有多有价值，它如何与其他表达方式相比．保持它的清晰和直接，保持频道开放是你的事．可知雷厄姆会认为你应该时刻保持对激励你的欲望的开放；故选B ‎5.【答案】‎ B B C ‎【解答】‎ ‎（1） B 细节理解题．根据第一段"Shipping containers are gaining popularity as an alternative to traditional houses． These 20﹣or 40﹣foot containers can be obtained for a little as several hundred US dollars apiece， and it's not surprising that some industry professionals and even city planners consider them the future of home building． Below are details of some amazing homes made out of shipping containers．装箱作为传统房屋的替代品越来越受欢迎．这些20英尺或40英尺的集装箱每件只要几百美元就可以买到，一些行业专业人士甚至城市规划师认为它们是房屋建筑的未来也就不足为奇了用集装箱建造的房子．"可知集装箱房子建造成本更低．故选B．‎ ‎（2） B 细节理解题．根据倒数第二段"Each resident enjoys a bathroom， kitchen and separate sleeping and studying quarters． The complex even has central heating and high﹣speed internet as well as areas for parking bikes．每个居民都有浴室、厨房和独立的睡眠和学习区．该综合楼甚至有中央暖气和高速互联网以及停放自行车的区域．"可知阿姆斯特丹的Keetwonen建筑群它配备了现代化的设施．故选B．‎ ‎（3） C 文章标题．阅读全文以及根据第一段"Shipping containers are gaining popularity as an alternative to traditional houses． These 20﹣or 40﹣foot containers can be obtained for a little as several hundred US dollars apiece， and it's not surprising that some industry professionals and even city planners consider them the future of home building． Below are details of some amazing homes made out of shipping containers．装箱作为传统房屋的替代品越来越受欢迎．这些20英尺或40英尺的集装箱每件只要几百美元就可以买到，一些行业专业人士甚至城市规划师认为它们是房屋建筑的未来也就不足为奇了用集装箱建造的房子．"可知本文主要介绍了几个地区的集装箱的房子的特点以及其里面的一些设施，所以C项作为标题最合适．故选C．‎ ‎6.【答案】‎ B C B A ‎【解答】‎ ‎（1）B．细节理解题．根据文章第一段On August 29th， as Hurricane Dorian tracked towards America's east coast， Elon Musk， the boss of Tesla， an electric﹣car maker， announced that some of his customers in the storm's path would find that their cars had suddenly developed the ability to drive farther on a single battery charge8月29日，随着多里安飓风对美国东海岸的追踪，特斯拉的老板埃隆•马斯克（ElonMusk）宣布，他的一些客户在风暴的路上会发现，他们的汽车突然发展了在单个电池充电上行驶的能力．可知特斯拉可以调整电池电源的范围；故选B．‎ ‎（2）C．细节理解题．根据文章第五段Start with ownership． As Mr Musk showed， the internet gives firms the ability to stay connected to their products even after they have been sold， transforming them into something closer to services than goods．正如马斯克先生所展示的那样，互联网使公司即使在出售后也能保持与产品的连接能力，将其转变为比货物更接近于服务的东西．可知电脑机器可以预测其故障或计划的预防性维护；故选C．‎ ‎（3）B．词义猜测题．根据文章第六段Virtual business models will jar in the physical world． Tech firms are generally happy to move fast and break things． 虚拟商业模式将在现实世界中产生冲击．科技公司通常乐于迅速行动，打破现状．可知意为冲突；故选B．‎ ‎（4）A．主旨大意题．根据文章最后一段But the people have the advantage of having lived through the first internet revolution ﹣ which should give them some idea of what to expect．但是，人们的优势是通过第一次互联网革命来生活，这应该给他们一些期望的想法．可知文章主要关于世界将如何随着计算机传播到日常物体；故选A Section CDirections： Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.‎ ‎7.【答案】‎ E,F,B,C ‎【解答】‎ ‎1﹣4 EFBC 1．E．细节理解题．根据下文"It is of course possible to scan people's brains and see which parts are firing when an idea is created， but rather more romantically it can be thought of as something that cannot be identified当然，我们可以扫描人们的大脑，看看当一个想法被创造出来的时候，大脑的哪些部分会被激活"．可知此处应填"很难弄清楚创造力到底从何而来"．故选E． ‎ 第21页 共22页 ◎ 第22页 共22页 ‎2．F．细节理解题．根据前文"One misconception about creativity is that it is reserved for a few special people． This is not true关于创造力的一个误解是它只属于少数特殊的人．这不是真的"．可知此处应填"每个人都有创造力"．故选F． 3．B．推理判断题．根据前文"Consequently， it is incredibly important that schools do not prevent creativity．因此，学校不阻止创造力是非常重要的．"．可知此处应填"相反，他们应该努力扩展、成长并实践它"．故选B． 4．C．推理判断题．根据前文"But now， everyone works hard， goes to university ﹣ and there aren't the jobs out there that guarantee a safe future但是现在，每个人都努力工作，上大学﹣﹣没有什么工作能保证一个安全的未来"．可知此处应填"没有创造力，我们就和群众没有区别"．故选C．‎ IV．Summary Writing ‎8.【答案】‎ Biodiversity is declining fast．（生物多样化在快速减少） One major reason is that people cut down tropical rain forests to raise cattle for beef or to grow food．【高分句型一】（一个原因） Another reason is that some local species may extinct because they cannot compete with exotic species．【高分句型二】（另一个原因） The disappearance of certain species can do great harm to the ecosystem and environment．（对生态和环境有害）‎ ‎【解答】‎ Biodiversity is declining fast．（生物多样化在快速减少） One major reason is that people cut down tropical rain forests to raise cattle for beef or to grow food．【高分句型一】（一个原因） Another reason is that some local species may extinct because they cannot compete with exotic species．【高分句型二】（另一个原因） The disappearance of certain species can do great harm to the ecosystem and environment．（对生态和环境有害）‎ V. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.‎ ‎9.【答案】‎ The street in front of my house is crowded with people and vehicles all day long/all the time．‎ ‎【解答】‎ 答案：The street in front of my house is crowded with people and vehicles all day long/all the time．考查汉译英． 1． 因指的是现在的情况，要用一般现在时；2． be crowded with挤满； 拥塞；all day long全天； 整天；all the time一直，始终．‎ ‎10.【答案】‎ TheChinesewomen'svolleyballteamsucceededintaking/winningtheworldchampionshipagain，whichwasagreatinspirationtoallChinesepeople ‎【解答】‎ 答案：The Chinese women's volleyball team succeeded in taking/winning the world championship again， which was a great inspiration to all Chinese people．考查汉译英．1． 因事情已发生，主从句要用一般过去时；2．which was a great inspiration to all Chinese people是定语从句，其先行词是前面整个句子，关系代词which在从句中作主语；3． succeed in成功做到．‎ ‎11.【答案】‎ The campaign of the urban public transport week aims to raise public awareness of saving energy and protecting the environment/energy conservation and environmental protection．‎ ‎【解答】‎ 答案： The campaign of the urban public transport week aims to raise public awareness of saving energy and protecting the environment/energy conservation and environmental protection．考查汉译英．1． 因指的是现在的情况，要用一般现在时；2．aim to do sth 想要做某事，立志要做某事．‎ ‎12.【答案】‎ I can't understand why people all think he is out of reach/inaccessible， because he strikes me as a very approachable and kind/amiable person．‎ ‎【解答】‎ 答案：I can't understand why people all think he is out of reach/inaccessible， because he strikes me as a very approachable and kind/amiable person．考查汉译英．1． 因指的是现在的事情，主从句都用一般现在时；2． out of reach够不着； 达不到；strike …as使 …产生 …感觉．‎ VI. Guided Writing ‎13.【答案】‎ Dear Wangmin， I know that you will go to English to visit your brother school． You want to make a short film to introduce your school to your English classmates and teachers． I think you can tell them something about our activities at school after class． 【高分句型一】We have one hour of activities from 4：20 to 5：20 in the afternoon． Some students read books in the reading ﹣ room； some have sports on the playground； some sing songs in the theatre hall． Some learn to operate computers in the lab and others take part in their group work about different subjects． The majority are most interested in sports and computers．（短片的主题以及与之匹配的主要内容） I believe they will be interested in what you show them， and want to visit our school． 【高分句型二】We are also looking forward to more visits．（你选择这些内容的理由） Yours， Chen Fang ‎【解答】‎ Dear Wangmin， I know that you will go to English to visit your brother school． You want to make a short film to introduce your school to your English classmates and teachers． I think you can tell them something about our activities at school after class． 【高分句型一】We have one 第21页 共22页 ◎ 第22页 共22页 ‎ hour of activities from 4：20 to 5：20 in the afternoon． Some students read books in the reading ﹣ room； some have sports on the playground； some sing songs in the theatre hall． Some learn to operate computers in the lab and others take part in their group work about different subjects． The majority are most interested in sports and computers．（短片的主题以及与之匹配的主要内容） I believe they will be interested in what you show them， and want to visit our school． 【高分句型二】We are also looking forward to more visits．（你选择这些内容的理由） Yours， Chen Fang 第21页 共22页 ◎ 第22页 共22页