2018届译林版选修8一轮复习：Unit4Filmsandfilmevents单元学案设计（43页） 55页

‎2018届译林版选修8一轮复习：Unit4Films and film events单元学案设计 一重点单词 Ⅰ.写作必记单词 ‎1．modest adj.不太大的，不太贵的，些许的；谦虚的，谦逊的 ‎2．expose vt.使接触，使体验，使面临；暴露，显露，揭露 ‎3．edge n．(微弱的)优势；边缘；刀刃 ‎4．broad adj.各种各样的，广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；概括的 ‎5．overlook vt.忽略，未注意到；不予理会；俯视 ‎6．preference n．偏爱，偏好 ‎7．swift adj.迅速的，迅捷的 swiftly adv.迅速地，立刻地 ‎8．formal adj.正式的，正规的；形式上的 informal adj.非正式的，非正规的 ‎9．tiresome adj.讨厌的，令人厌烦的 ‎10．sincere adj.真诚的，诚挚的 sincerely adv.真诚地 ‎11．congratulation n．祝贺，恭喜 ‎12．tense adj.令人紧张的；神经紧张的；绷紧的，不松弛的 tensely adv.紧张地，焦虑地 ‎13．evil adj.邪恶(的)，罪恶(的)；n.邪恶，罪恶 ‎14．fierce adj.激烈的，猛烈的；凶狠的，凶猛的 fiercely adv.凶猛地；猛烈地，激烈地 ‎15．attraction n．吸引人的特征；有吸引力的地方；吸引，吸引力 attract vt.吸引 attractive adj.有魅力的；有吸引力的 ‎16．disappoint vt.使失望，使扫兴 disappointed adj.感到失望的，感到沮丧的 disappointing adj.令人失望的 disappointment n．失望，沮丧；令人失望的人或事 Ⅱ.阅读识记单词 ‎17．representative n．代表 ‎18．criterion n．(评判的)标准，准则，原则 ‎19．finance vt.给……提供经费；n.财政，金融；资金 financial adj.财政的，财务的；金融的 ‎20．restriction n．限制，约束 ‎21．deliberately adv.故意地 ‎22．boycott vt.拒绝购买(或使用、参加)，抵制 ‎23．hatch vt.&vi.策划，(尤指)密谋；孵化，孵出 ‎24．sponsor n．赞助者，赞助商；vt.赞助，资助；主办，举办 ‎25．contradict vt.&vi.反驳，驳斥；与……相矛盾，相反 contradictory adj.相互矛盾的，对立的，不一致的 ‎26．resemble vt.看起来像，类似 resemblance n．相似，类似 ‎27．entry n．参赛作品；进入，加入；条目，词条 ‎28．shoot vt.&vi.拍摄；射击；打猎；射门，投篮；n.拍摄，摄影；幼苗，嫩芽 ‎29．robbery n．抢劫 rob vt.抢劫，掠夺，盗取 robber n．抢劫者，强盗 ‎30．biography n．传记，传记作品 ‎31．accumulate vt.&vi.积累，积聚；逐渐增加 accumulation n．积累，积聚 ‎32．thriller n．惊险电影(或小说)‎ ‎33．conquer vt.征服；占领；战胜，克服 ‎34．fantasy n．幻想，想象 ‎35．institution n．机构；制度 ‎36．parallel adj.平行的；相似的；n.相似的人或事物；相似特征 语境活用　[用所给词的正确形式填空]‎ ‎1．I must say I have a strong preference(prefer) for cycling.‎ ‎2．He was the only eyewitness of the robbery(rob)．‎ ‎3．And at last I sincerely(sincere) wish you a pleasant trip back to your country.(2016·天津)‎ ‎4．The attraction(attract) of the moon for the earth causes the tides.‎ ‎5．The next day，we got a disappointing(disappoint) message that another buyer had offered a much higher price.(2015·天津)‎ ‎6．She is the local representative(represent) for a British tour operator.‎ ‎7．The park is open to the public without restriction(restrict)．‎ ‎8．Seeing a Bengal tiger is quite thrilling(thriller)．(2014·重庆)‎ ‎9．Anyone traveling in the park has to go in a car because wild animals may fiercely(fierce) attack people.(2014·江西)‎ ‎10．To free ourselves from the physical and mental tensions(tense)，we each need deep thought and inner quietness.(2014·湖南)‎ ‎1．view...as...把……看作……‎ ‎2．in defence of为……辩护；防卫，保卫 ‎3．point out指出 ‎4．make restrictions on对……作出限制 ‎5．expose sb.to sth.使某人接触/体验某事 ‎6．have access to有……的权利/机会；得以接近/进入……‎ ‎7．in the minority占少数 ‎8．have a good reputation有好名声 ‎9．as well as和，也，还 ‎10．be responsible for对……负责 ‎11．make an agreement达成协议，达成共识 ‎12．show off炫耀，卖弄 ‎13．give thought to认真考虑，思考 语境活用　[运用上述短语完成片段]‎ The man to be referred to next is my father.He was a policeman and 1.had a good reputation(有好名声)．He was always strict with us and would 2.point out(指出) our shortcomings at any time.But at the same time he 3.viewed us as(把我们看作) his friends and would play basketball with us.He never 4.showed off(炫耀) his sports skills to others regardless of his best performance.Most of his time was devoted to protecting people’s lives 5.as well as(和……) their property.Unluckily，in a fight with a murderer，he lost his life.My father was dead but his spirit will live on.‎ ‎1．as long as...‎ We make no restrictions on the kinds of films we show—as long as a film’s quality meets our standards，we include it.‎ 我们对我们所放映的电影的种类不作限制——只要影片的质量符合我们的标准，就接纳它。‎ 仿写　只要你坚持练习，你就不会觉得剪纸难了。(2015·北京)‎ You won’t find paper cutting difficult as long as you keep practicing it.‎ ‎2．There is a good chance(that)．..‎ Nowadays，if a film wins an award at Sundance，there is a good chance it will become famous!‎ 现在，如果一部电影在圣丹斯电影节上获奖，它就极有可能变得闻名！‎ 仿写　我极有可能赚到更多的钱。‎ There is a good chance that I can earn more money.‎ ‎3．It was not until...that...‎ It was not until I spoke to Kathy that I knew how special the Sundance Film Festival was.‎ 直到我同凯西交谈后我才知道圣丹斯电影节的特别。‎ 仿写　巴赫于1750年去世，但是他的音乐才能一直到19世纪早期才完全被认可。(2015·重庆)‎ Bach died in 1750，but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized.‎ ‎4．“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句 However，he later finds out that his father was a wizard and that his mother was a witch，both of whom were murdered by an evil wizard—the same wizard who gave Harry the scar.‎ 但是后来哈利发现他的父亲是巫师，母亲是女巫，他们都被一个邪恶的巫师杀害——也就是给哈利留下伤疤的那个巫师。‎ 仿写　他有两个儿子，都是老师。‎ He has two sons，both of whom are teachers.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎ expose vt.使接触，使体验，使面临；暴露；揭露；使曝光 ‎(1)When he smiled he exposed a set of perfect white teeth.‎ 他笑时露出了一口漂亮的白牙。(牛津高阶)‎ ‎(2)These units exposed children to many viewpoints of a given issue.‎ 这些单元让孩子们接触到有关某一特定问题的多种观点。‎ expose...to使……显露/暴露；使……接触……‎ be exposed to暴露于……；经受……；接触……‎ expose sth./sb./oneself to...使某物/某人/自己暴露于……‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The newspaper exposed his secret to the public.‎ ‎(2)Exposed(expose) to the rain last night，he was ill.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(3)Being exposed to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.‎ ‎①Exposing yourself to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.(用v.ing的主动形式作主语改写)‎ ‎②If exposed to the sunlight for too long，you will get your skin harmed.(用if省略句改写)‎ ‎ contradict vt.反驳；驳斥；否认；与……相矛盾 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The speaker had got confused，and started contradicting himself(he)．‎ ‎(2)His remark was contradictory to the truth.‎ 名师点拨 ‎(1)contradict为及物动词，“和某人有矛盾”为contradict sb.不要受汉语影响在contradict后加with。‎ ‎(2)contradict oneself自相矛盾。‎ ‎ modest adj.谦虚的；不太大的；不太贵的；朴素的，朴实的 ‎[写出下列句子中modest的汉语意思]‎ ‎(1)Wherever you go，do be modest and honest.谦虚的 ‎(2)The living quarters are modest，with few luxuries，but cosy.不太大的 ‎(3)I saw a lovely young lady with a modest dress on my way home.朴素的 名师点拨 modesty n．谦虚 ‎ resemble vt.看起来像；类似；与……相似 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)You resemble your mother neither in character nor in appearance.‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(2)He and his father resemble to each other.‎ 名师点拨 resemble不用于被动语态和进行时。‎ ‎ broad adj.各种各样的；广泛的；宽阔的；概括的 ‎[用broad，wide填空]‎ ‎(1)He was of medium height，but had very broad shoulders.‎ ‎(2)The roads are barely wide enough for cars.‎ ‎[翻译句子]‎ ‎(3)我宁愿通过读书来打发我的闲暇时间，这也能开阔我的视野。‎ I would rather spend my free time by reading，which can broaden my horizons as well.‎ 名师点拨 wide侧重从一边到另一边的距离；broad形容道路、河流、峡谷等宽时，常可与wide换用，但更强调面积的宽广；形容肩、背、胸等宽时，都应用broad，而不用wide。‎ ‎ overlook vt.俯视；未看到；忽视；不理会 ‎[同义词语替换]‎ ‎(1)We can’t afford to overlook such serious pollution to the environment.ignore/turn a blind eye ‎ to ‎[用overlook的正确形式填空]‎ ‎(2)The only way to live happily with others is to overlook their faults and admire their virtues.‎ ‎(3)These little details are overlooked easily.‎ 名师点拨 overlook属于阅读完形词汇，要记住它的意义。‎ ‎ give thought to认真考虑；思考 ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(1)这表明影片的制作者并没有充分地考虑到电影的观众会是谁。‎ This shows that the filmmakers did not give enough thought to who the audience of the film would be.‎ ‎(2)我们对他们这方面的研究评价很高。‎ We think highly of their research in this field.‎ ‎(3)仔细想想，你就会发现你错了。‎ Think over and you’ll find out that you are wrong.‎ ‎(4)我劝告他在决定退学之前再仔细考虑一番。‎ I advised him to think twice before deciding to quit school.‎ ‎ We make no restrictions on the kinds of films we show—as long as a film’s quality meets our standards，we include it.‎ 我们对我们所放映的电影的种类不作限制——只要影片的质量符合我们的标准，就接纳它。‎ ‎(1)As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them.‎ 只要有密码存在，人们总是千方百计地进行破译。(2016·全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎(2)As far as I know he’ll be away for three months.‎ 据我所知， 他将外出三个月。‎ ‎(3)As soon as I have time，I will call you up.‎ 我一有空就给你打电话。‎ as/so long as只要，引导条件状语从句 as long as还可译为“长达，和……一样长久”‎ as far as远至；就……而言,as soon as一……就……‎ 基础知识训练——[写出下列句子中as long as的汉语意思]‎ ‎(1)As long as she did this，all would be well.只要 ‎(2)This ruler is as long as that one.和……一样长 写作能力提升——[完成句子]‎ ‎(3)—What are you going to do this afternoon?‎ ‎—I’ll probably go for a walk later on as/so long as it stays fine(只要天气一直好的话)．‎ ‎(4)As far as I know(据我所知)，he has gone abroad.‎ ‎(5)We went to see him as soon as we got there(我们一到那里).‎ Ⅰ.教材与语法填空 The 1.representatives(represent) from the major international film festivals had different opinions about film festivals.In the 2.weekly(week) programme，Movie Magic，they gave their own ideas.Maria represented the Venice Film Festival,3.the oldest film festival in the world.She viewed film as a type of contemporary art.In 4.defence(defend) of the Venice Film Festival，she said their policy was to include highquality films，regardless of who made them.They didn’t distinguish between Hollywood films and independent 5.ones(one)．Kathy was in favour of the Sundance Film Festival,6.whose films weren’t financed by Hollywood studios.Many of the films were made by amateur directors and amateur actors.Hanz 7.favoured(favour) the Berlin International Film Festival.He said the Cannes Film Festival took a step backwards，and 8.was beginning(begin) to resemble the Academy Awards in Hollywood too much.9.However，Hollywood films were in the minority at the Berlin International Film Festival.Xu Li represented the Shanghai International Film Festival，the only international film festival in China，at 10.which the highlight was the “Jinjue” or Golden Cup Award.These spokeswomen and spokesmen all told people about the festivals they represented.‎ Ⅱ.教材与短文改错 Harry，a sensitive young boy who has a scar in his forehead，has been lived with his relatives，the Dursleys.His uncle abused him，his aunt ignores him，but his cousin hates him.At the first，Harry thinks that his parents were killed in a car crash before he was a baby.However，he later finds out what his father was a wizard and that his mother was a witch，both of them were murdered by an evil wizard—the same wizard who gave Harry the scar.Harry discovers that he possesses a wizard’s powers too，and that he already has a reputation in the world of witch and wizards because his parents.‎ 答案 Harry，a sensitive young boy who has a scar his forehead，has been with his relatives，the Dursleys.His uncle him，his aunt ignores him， his cousin hates him.At the first，Harry thinks that his parents were killed in a car crash he was a baby.However，he later finds out his father was a wizard and that his mother was a witch，both of were murdered by an evil wizard—the same wizard who gave Harry the scar.Harry discovers that he ‎ possesses a wizard’s powers too，and that he already has a reputation in the world of and wizards because his parents.‎ Ⅲ.教材与微写作 写作素材(关于个人品质)‎ ‎1．作为一名学生，你应该谦虚，不应该炫耀你的知识。‎ ‎2．你应该和你的伙伴相处好，认真思考他们的意见。‎ ‎3．只要你友好，你的伙伴们不会令你失望。‎ 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。‎ 连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)‎ As a student，you should be modest and shouldn’t show off your knowledge.You should get along well with your partners and give thought to their opinions.As long as you are friendly，your partners will not disappoint you.‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．All students have access to the Writing Centre on the upper floor of Douglas Hall.(2014·天津)‎ ‎2．I have a preference for wild release，because it is very convenient for the other persons who want to read books.(2015·重庆)‎ ‎3．So far the wellknown journalist has accumulated(accumulate)more than 4,000 interviews with famous people.(2014·湖北)‎ ‎4．Two lawyers have donated 50,000 to sponsor(sponsor) our school’s campaign “Help the Needy”，which was started by our former headmaster three years ago.‎ ‎5．It was Our Home，small and charming，overlooking(overlook) a quiet lake.(2015·天津)‎ ‎6．There is a good chance that it will turn fine tomorrow.‎ ‎7．Several of ShellyAnn’s friends and family were caught up in the killings; one of her cousins was shot(shoot) dead only a few streets away from where she lived.(2016·江苏)‎ ‎8．It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits our work most.‎ ‎9．Many young people，most of whom were welleducated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.(2016·江苏)‎ ‎10．Film has a much shorter history，especially when compared(compare) to such art forms as music and painting.‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 ‎(2016·甘肃甘谷一中月考)‎ Many experts say that Billy Wilder changed the history of American movies.He is often called the best movie maker Hollywood has ever had.‎ He was known for making movies that offered sharp social comment.Wilder was one of the first directors to do this.Between the middle 1930s and the 1980s，Billy Wilder made almost fifty movies.During that time he received more than twenty nominations(提名) from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.He won six of the Oscar awards.His movies have been seen by people around the world.‎ In 1944，Billy Wilder made the film Double Indemnity.Some critics said this movie established him as one of the greatest Hollywood directors.Wilder directed The Lost Weekend in 1945.Ray Milland plays the part of an alcohol writer in the movie.It shows that alcohol rules his life，yet he does not admit it.He hides alcohol in his home and says he is not drinking.‎ In 1950，Wilder made Sunset Boulevard.This movie told of an aging actress in silent movies.She plans to return to movies though facing many problems.In 1954，Billy Wilder became an independent producer.The next year，Wilder’s first movie as an independent filmmaker was a huge success.It was The Seven Year Inch.In this movie，a married man wants to cheat on his wife with some of his friends.In 1959，Wilder made a funny movie that was very popular.It was Some Like It Hot.It tells about two jazz musicians being chased by criminals.They decide to wear women’s clothes and join a band in which all the musicians were women.‎ Wilder died in March,2002.He was ninetyfive.A current Hollywood producer said，“Billy ‎ Wilder made movies that people will never forget.”‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 语篇解读　本文主要讲述了Billy Wilder对于美国电影的贡献。‎ ‎11．The text is mainly about .‎ A．the background of American movies B．Wilder’s achievements in American movies C．Wilder’s attitude to American movies D．the development of American movies 答案　B 解析　主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Many experts say that Billy Wilder changed the history of American movies.”及后文介绍的Wilder的电影可知，本文主要讲述Wilder对美国电影的贡献，故选B项。‎ ‎12．What was Wilder famous for according to Paragraph 2?‎ A．Sharp remarks on society in his movies.‎ B．His unique style of making movies.‎ C．More than twenty awards he received.‎ D．Almost fifty movies he produced himself.‎ 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“He was known for making movies that offered sharp social comment.”可知，Wilder以制作对社会进行尖锐评论的电影而出名，故选A项。‎ ‎13．Which of the following made Wilder among the greatest Hollywood directors?‎ A．The Lost Weekend. B．Sunset Boulevard.‎ C．Double Indemnity. D．Some Like It Hot.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句“In 1944，Billy Wilder made the film Double Indemnity.Some critics said this movie established him as one of the greatest Hollywood directors.”可知选C项。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2017·山东泰安一中模拟)‎ We all know that exercise is good for your health.But some kinds of exercise may be better than others.Running，for example，may help to protect 14 heart disease and other health problems.Running also may help you live 15 (long)．‎ Recently，researchers studied more than 55,000 adults.About onefourth of the adults reported running 16 (regular)．The study found these runners were considerably less likely than nonrunners 17 (die)of any form of disease，including heart disease.‎ D．C.Lee and the other researchers found that speed， 18 (distant)and how often one runs made little difference in 19 (reduce)the risk of death.The runners in the study averaged between 10 and 16 kilometers per hour.Mr.Lee says slower runners，and those who only ran once 20 twice a week，were helped nearly as much as those who ran faster and further.‎ The researchers note that their study 21 (base)on the participants’ answering questions over the years.The study lacked complete information on 22 these men and women ate and other facts about their lifestyles.‎ Researchers say this missing information could have affected the results.Still，they hope their findings will motivate healthy adults to start running，a bit，down the road to 23 longer life.‎ ‎14．答案　against 解析　固定搭配：protect against...，保护……免受……，故填against。‎ ‎15．答案　longer 解析　句意为：跑步也可能帮助你活得更长。故填longer。‎ ‎16．答案　regularly 解析　副词修饰动词，故填regularly。有规律地跑步。‎ ‎17．答案　to die 解析　固定短语：be likely to do sth.，故填to die。‎ ‎18．答案　distance 解析　此处指速度，距离和多久跑一次。故填distance。‎ ‎19．答案　reducing 解析　介词后面用动名词作宾语，故填reducing。‎ ‎20．答案　or 解析　此处指一周跑一次或两次的人。故填or。‎ ‎21．答案　was based 解析　固定词组：be based on 以……为基础。根据句意可知用一般过去时，故填was based。‎ ‎22．答案　what 解析　介词后面的宾语从句缺少引导词，同时引导词在从句中作宾语，故填what。‎ ‎23．答案　a 解析　此处指长寿之路，life与形容词连用，指生活，故填a。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎(2017·宁夏六盘山高级中学期中)‎ Everyone has a dream and we are on the way to achieve it.As Senior 3 student，I hope to be admitted to an ideal university.In the past three years，I have done everything I can to equip myself with that I have learnt.Not only have I enjoy the pleasure of study but also I have got closer to my dream.Anxious and pressure did discourage from me at times.Besides，with the encouragement of my teachers and classmates，I think I will make it.‎ I’m sure there has still a long way to go to achieve my dream.No matter how challenged it is，I’ll make it come true.As a proverb said，“Where there is a will，there is a way.”‎ 答案 Everyone has a dream and we are on the way to it.As Senior 3 student，I hope to be admitted to an ideal university.In the past three years，I have done everything I can to equip myself with I have learnt.Not only have I the pleasure of study but also I have got closer to my dream. and pressure did discourage from me at times.，with the encouragement of my teachers and classmates，I think I will make it.‎ I’m sure there still a long way to go to achieve my dream.No matter how it is，I’ll make it come true.As a proverb ，“Where there is a will，there is a way.”‎ Ⅴ.书面表达 假设你是高中学生李华。你们学校的校报英文版正在举行以“我最喜爱的作家”为主题的征文比赛。请你写一篇短文介绍你最喜欢的小说家简·奥斯汀(Jane Austen)并向校报投稿。写作内容如下：‎ 姓名 简·奥斯汀(Jane Austen)‎ 出生于 十八世纪末 国籍 英国 受教育于 父亲、兄长以及书籍阅读 代表作 ‎《傲慢与偏见》(Pride and Prejudice)‎ 作品中女性的特点 独立、聪明、勇敢 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考范文 Among the writers at home and abroad，ancient and modern，Jane Austen remains the most beloved writer of mine.Born in the late 18th century，Jane Austen was a wellknown English novelist whose works of romantic fiction earned her a place as one of the most widely read writers in English literature.She was educated primarily by her father and older brothers as well as through her own reading.‎ The heroines in her books are all fearless，intelligent and independent.No matter how difficult it is for their dreams to come true，they always act with courage and determination.These are the characteristics that I really admire and that is why Austen’s books are so appealing to me.Among all her published books，I like Pride and Prejudice best.I aim to be a woman like Elizabeth Bennet.‎ 话题词汇 ‎1．masterpiece n．杰作 ‎2．salon n．沙龙 ‎3．exhibition n．展览 ‎4．inspiration n．灵感；启发 ‎5．realism n．现实主义 ‎6．mirror v．反映 ‎7．best seller 畅销书 ‎8．work of art艺术作品 ‎9．full shot全景 ‎10．popular literature大众文学 话题佳作 请根据下面的内容，写一篇电影评论，向同学们介绍自己最喜欢的电影。‎ ‎1．片名：《哈里·波特与火焰杯》(Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire)。‎ ‎2．剧情介绍：哈里·波特已经成为霍格沃茨魔法学校四年级的学生，并成长为一位出色的魔法师。他参加了令人激动不已的三强争霸赛，接受了很多挑战，可他没有想到这一切都是伏地魔的阴谋。‎ ‎3．评价：《哈里·波特与火焰杯》是哈里·波特系列电影中最精彩的一部。在这部电影中，所有的演员都表演得很好。‎ 参考词汇：霍格沃茨魔法学校Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry；三强争霸赛the Triwizard Tournament；伏地魔Voldemort；阴谋plot 佳作欣赏 I’m glad to have a chance to introduce my favorite film to you.In my opinion，Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire is the best film of all the series of the films about Harry Potter.In this film，Harry Potter is a fourthgrade student of Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry and has become an excellent magician.Harry attends the exciting Triwizard Tournament in which he receives many challenges.But to his great surprise，all these are just Voldemort’s plot.‎ All the actors and actresses in the film perform very well.In a word，Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire is well worth seeing.‎ 名师点睛 通篇文章要点齐全，结构合理，语言简洁。have a chance to do...，introduce...to，in one’s opinion，to one’s surprise，in a word，be worth doing...等高级词汇和定语从句等的运用使文章表达通顺，过渡自然。‎ 单元综合知识运用 议论文(1)——正反观点型 一、文章结构 ‎1．开头：提出问题；‎ ‎2．主体：陈述不同的观点及其理由；‎ ‎3．结尾：说明自己的观点。‎ 二、段落框架 ‎1．第一段 开门见山，提出主题(1－2句) ‎ ‎(1)We had a heated discussion about/on...‎ ‎(2)Different people hold different opinions.‎ ‎(3)Opinions are divided...‎ ‎(4)People have taken/adopted different attitudes towards... ‎ ‎(5)People have different opinions on this problem.‎ ‎(6)People take different views on this question.‎ ‎2．第二段 表达不同观点 ‎(1)．..of them hold the opinion that...‎ ‎(2)．..of them are in favor of the idea that...‎ ‎(3)People who are for/against the idea think that...‎ ‎(4)Some people believe that...Others argue that...‎ ‎(5)However，...of them hold a different view./...of them hold the opposite opinion.‎ ‎(6)However，each coin has two sides.‎ ‎(7)Different from those...，people think...‎ ‎(8)On the other hand，people object that...‎ ‎3．第三段 说明自己的观点 ‎ ‎(1)As far as I am concerned...‎ ‎(2)In my opinion...‎ ‎(3)It’s my opinion that...‎ ‎(4)In a word，only through...can we have a bright future.‎ 三、写作模板 ‎1．导入主题 There is a widespread concern over the issue that (某个主题，需以句子形式呈现)．But ‎ it is well known that the opinions concerning this hot topic vary from person to person.‎ ‎2．正方观点 A majority of people approve of the opinion that (正方观点)．From their point of view，there are two factors contributing to this attitude，which are as follows：in the first place， (原因一)．Furthermore， (原因二)．‎ ‎3．反方观点 On the contrary，some people differ in their opinions on this matter.They hold the view that (反方观点)．On the one hand， (原因一)．On the other hand， (原因二)．‎ ‎4．阐明个人看法 As far as I am concerned，I think we should take immediate measures to (个人观点)．First of all， .In addition， .Only in this way can we .‎ 经典语篇 假设你是李华，举行了一次班会，班会的主题是：太空探险的意义。请结合下表内容，用英语给校报写一篇文章，客观地介绍班会上同学们讨论的情况并表达你自己的观点。‎ 赞同的理由 反对的理由 你自己的观点 ‎1.获得新知识；‎ ‎2.从太空取得新资源；‎ ‎3.扩大人类未来的生存空间。‎ ‎1.耗资巨大；‎ ‎2.宇航员的安全问题。‎ ‎……‎ ‎　‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．开头已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Outer Space Explorations，YES or NO?‎ We had an argument over whether it is necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day. ‎ ‎ ‎ 佳作欣赏 Outer Space Explorations，YES or NO?‎ We had an argument over whether it is necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day.Different students have different attitudes towards it.‎ Some of us think it important to research the outer space because，first of all，people can get a better understanding of the outer space through their exploration.Second，new resources can be found there for human being.Third，this exploration can possibly bring about new living space for human life in the near future.‎ However，others are strongly against it.They believe that it takes so much money to do this kind of exploration，which is not worth the value.Besides，it is very dangerous for astronauts to do such work in the outer space.‎ In my opinion，people should be pioneering，and therefore such explorations into the outer space are worth trying out.‎ 即时训练(2016·陕西兴平西郊高中一模)‎ 假设你是主持人，请你根据以下表格的信息，为以“Should we give money to beggars？”为题的班会写一个总结。‎ 一些人 另一些人 孤寡老人不能自食其力而乞讨；‎ 有些学生因家境贫苦而辍学去乞讨；‎ 有些残疾人只能以乞讨为生。‎ 大部分都是假装的，乞讨只是他们赚钱的一条捷径；‎ 这么做会助长懒惰。‎ 结论：应该尽力帮助弱势群体，但给钱时一定要慎重。‎ ‎　　注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．文章的开头已给出，不计入总词数。‎ 参考词汇：弱势群体inferior group We have had a class meeting today on whether we should give money to beggars and we have different opinions.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 参考范文 We have had a class meeting today on whether we should give money to beggars and we have different opinions.‎ Some believe that we should give money to beggars because some of them are old people，who can’t live on their own.Among them are also some students who have dropped out of school because their families are so poor.And we can also see some disabled people，who can hardly make a living due to physical or mental inability.‎ On the other hand，many more students think we shouldn’t give them money because most of the beggars beg not because they are poor but because they want to make money more easily.They are not real beggars.Besides，to give money would encourage them to be lazy even if they have the ability to work.‎ In general，we should help people of the inferior group.But we should remain sensible when giving money.‎ ‎　议论文(2)——利弊对比型 这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度(利或弊)出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度(或对事物前景提出预测)。‎ 一、文章结构 ‎ ‎1．说明事物现状；‎ ‎2．事物本身的优缺点(或一方面)；‎ ‎3．你对现状(或前景)的看法。‎ 二、写作模板 Nowadays，there is a widespread concern over (the issue that) (讨论议题)．In fact，there are both advantages and disadvantages in (讨论议题)．Generally speaking，it is widely believed that there are several positive aspects as follows.Firstly， (优点一)．And secondly， (优点二)．‎ Just as a popular saying goes，“Every coin has two sides”， (讨论议题) is no exception，and in other words，it still has negative aspects.To begin with， (缺点一)．In addition， (缺点二)．‎ To sum up，we should try to bring the advantages of (讨论议题) into full play，and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.In that case，we will definitely make better use of the (讨论议题)．‎ 经典语篇 面对中学生“出国热”，社会对此有不同的看法。请你以“Studying Abroad”为题，根据下表所提供的信息，谈谈自己的看法。‎ Advantages Disadvantages ‎1.传播各民族间的不同文化；‎ ‎2.拓宽视野，学习国外先进的科学技术；‎ ‎1.年纪小，缺乏生活经验，自立能力差；‎ ‎2.情感孤独，思乡；‎ ‎3.良好的语言环境，更利于语言的学习。‎ ‎3.学习生活费用高。‎ ‎　　‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．开头已给出，不计入总词数。‎ 参考词汇：媒介，中间人mediator Studying Abroad ‎ In recent years，studying abroad has been popular.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 佳作欣赏 Studying Abroad In recent years，studying abroad has been popular.Tens of thousands of Chinese students have gone to foreign countries to study.Many people are trying their best to apply to go abroad.There are many advantages in attending schools abroad.First，students who have studied abroad can act as mediators between people of different cultures.Second，we can learn many more advanced knowledge of science and technology from foreign countries.Third，we can learn many foreign languages more quickly.‎ However，there are some disadvantages.Most of the students are too young to live alone without any living experience.Besides，being far away from their home country，they may feel lonely and homesick.Also，of course，the costs are much higher there than that at home.‎ In spite of this，advantages are more than disadvantages.In my opinion，it is advisable to attend schools abroad.‎ 即时训练 随着互联网的发展和普及，网络购物在中国也变得越来越普遍了，甚至已经成了我们日常生活中的一部分；相信你们身边一定有不少同学已经通过网络进行购物了，比如淘宝网，京东商城等。但是网络购物究竟有何利弊呢？ 请写一篇短文，谈谈网上购物的好处与坏处。‎ 注意：词数100左右。‎ 参考范文 We talked about the advantages and disadvantages of Internet shopping these days.Some students think it’s very convenient for us to go shopping on the Internet.‎ The shops on the Internet for example taobao.com，jd.com are open for almost 24 hours a day so we can buy something we want at any time if we like.What’s more，we needn’t wait in a queue.‎ However，some students disagreed with them.We can’t see the things while we are shopping，so we are not sure whether they are good or not.Besides，we can’t enjoy the happiness of shopping with our friends.‎ ‎　议论文(3)——解决问题型 一、段落框架 第一段：引出现象，并指出这种现象的后果 常用句型： ‎ ‎(1) Recently the rise in problem of/phenomenon of...has caused/aroused/captured public/popular/wide/worldwide concern.‎ ‎(2) Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of...has been brought into focus/has been brought into public attention.‎ ‎(3)Nowadays，there is a growing concern about the problem/phenomenon that...‎ ‎(4)Nowadays，an increasing number of people come to realize/be aware of the importance of... ‎ ‎(5)Nowadays，more and more people are concerned about the problem of...‎ 第二段：提出解决的办法 ‎ 常用句型：‎ ‎(1) We should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.For one thing， (解决方法一)．For another， (解决方法二)．Finally， (解决方法三)．‎ ‎(2)It is essential that proper action/effective measures should be taken to reverse this situation/stop the trend.‎ ‎(3)It is hoped/suggested that considerable/great efforts should be made to...‎ ‎(4)There is no easy/immediate solution/approach to the issue of...but...might be beneficial/helpful.‎ 第三段：总结这样做的好处 ‎ 常用句型： ‎ Only in this way can we...‎ 二、高考语段 ‎(1)Such a situation is of great concern.In my opinion，overprotection and too much care are extremely bad for children’s development.Instead of doing everything for them，parents should encourage their children to overcome difficulties and inspire them to develop by themselves.Only in this way can they grow up to be independent and become truly successful.‎ 这样的情况很值得关注。在我看来，过度保护和太多照顾对孩子们的发展是极其有害的。父母不应该为他们做一切事情，而是应该鼓励孩子们克服困难，激励他们自我发展。只有这样他们才能独立成长，真正成功。(2013·福建)‎ ‎(2)But in fact，I often don’t quite follow my timetable because of some reasons.For example，playing football and watching TV take up much of my spare time.So I think we should have our parents or someone else supervise us every day.‎ 但是事实上，出于一些原因我经常不遵照时间表。例如踢足球和看电视占据了我很多业余时间。因此我想我们应该让我们的父母或其他人每天监督我们。(2013·四川)‎ 三、写作模板 Currently，there is a widespread concern over (the issue that) (讨论议题)．It is really an ‎ important concern to every one of us.As a result，we must spare no effort to take some measures to solve this problem.‎ As we know，there are many steps which can be taken to solve this problem.First of all， (途径一)．In addition，another way contributing to success of solving the problem is (途径二)．‎ Above all，to solve the problem of (讨论议题)，we should find a number of various ways.But as far as I am concerned，I would prefer to solve the problem in this way，that is to say， (自己的方法)．‎ 经典语篇 请就学生目前过重的课业负担写一篇100词左右的文章。文章必须包含以下内容：‎ ‎ 1.简述学生课业负担过重；‎ ‎ 2.造成课业负担过重的原因(至少两个)；‎ ‎ 3.提出解决办法(至少两个)。‎ 佳作欣赏 Nowadays，students are burdened with heavy workloads.They not only have to study very hard in the daytime but also stay up late to finish their homework.‎ There are many reasons.Maybe the most important one is the pressure they may face in the future.On the other hand，parents and teachers expect too much of them，because they think nowadays the social competition is very intense.‎ The problem is becoming more and more serious and it’s time for us to do something to change the situation.First，teachers should reform their classroom activities to make full use of the time in class.Besides，students should improve their learning efficiency.In this way，the problem may finally be solved.‎ 即时训练 假设你校英语社团举办以“讲求文明，从我做起”为主题的征文活动，请你以“On the Way to School”为题，写一篇英语短文。‎ 内容主要包括：‎ ‎1．遵守交通法规；‎ ‎2．注意举止文明。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考范文 On the Way to School These days，breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon，causing serious harm to life and the environment.Changing this situation requires considerable effort on the part of everyone.As for me，it should start on my way to school.‎ I will keep traffic rules in mind all the way.If I ride a bike，I’ll always keep to the right and never cross a road until the traffic light turns green.If I walk，I’ll never forget to use the pedestrian crossing.Meanwhile，I will regard it as my duty to help keep our environment clean and healthy.Not only will I keep from littering and spitting anywhere，I will also help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible.I hope my behavior will make a difference.‎ 单元语法专题复习 形容词和副词 ‎◆形容词和副词的功能 ‎1．形容词的功能：形容词主要是用来修饰名词或代词，说明事物或人的性质、特征、状态，在句中：‎ ‎①作定语修饰名词或代词，说明其性质、特征等；‎ ‎②作表语与连系动词构成系表结构，说明主语的性质或特征；‎ ‎③作补足语说明宾语或主语的性质、状态或特征；‎ ‎④作状语主要表示原因、伴随等。‎ ‎⑤作独立成分。‎ ‎2．副词的功能：副词作状语说明动作性质或状态的特征，常用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语及整个句子等。‎ ‎◆形容词和副词的核心考点 ‎1．形容词和副词的位置 形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定语，或放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则是用来修饰形容词、动词、其他副词或者句子的，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。以下属几种特殊情况，须牢记：‎ ‎(1)形容词短语作定语，须后置。‎ a task difficult to finish ‎(2)表语形容词(afraid，alike，alone，asleep，awake，alive等)作定语，须后置，如a man alive。有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well，faint，ill只作表语；sick既可作表语又可作定语。ill如果不是表示身体或精神上“不适的”“不健康的”“有病的”等，而是表示类似bad(不好的)的意思时，通常只作定语。‎ He’s been ill since then.‎ By ill luck，my flight had been cancelled.‎ ‎(3)形容词用作定语，修饰由不定代词one，no，any，some和every构成的复合词如anything，something等时，通常后置。‎ I have something important to tell you.‎ ‎(4)else常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语。‎ ‎(5)enough修饰名词前置或后置均可；修饰形容词、动词或副词时，必须后置。‎ ‎(6)几个副词并列作状语时，其顺序较灵活，但一般是：方式→地点→时间。‎ We had a good time together outdoors last Sunday.‎ ‎(7)频度副词如often，always，usually等放在be动词后，行为动词前。‎ ‎(8)副词作定语，须后置。‎ The person there is waiting for you.‎ ‎(9)几个并列的形容词作定语，其语序通常为：限定词(包括冠词、所有格、人称代词、指示代词、数词等)＋观点词(品质、状态，即表示好、坏、美、丑等的词)＋形状或样式词(大小、长短或高低词)＋年龄或新旧词＋颜色词＋产地或来源词＋材料或种类词＋用途词＋名词。‎ a heavy black Chinese steel umbrella ‎(10)以ly结尾的词性辨析。‎ ‎①下列单词以ly结尾，但却是形容词而非副词：lively，lonely，lovely，deadly，friendly，ugly，silly，likely，brotherly，timely等。‎ ‎②表原意(无ly)和引申意(有ly)的副词：‎ ‎③有无ly意义大不相同的副词：‎ ‎2．形容词和副词的比较等级 ‎(1)原级的构成和用法。‎ 构成：形容词、副词的原级即本身。‎ 用法：表示双方在程度、性质、特征等某方面相等时，用“as＋原级形容词/副词＋as”的结构；表示双方不相等时，用“not so/as＋原级形容词/副词＋as”的结构；表示一方是另一方的若干倍时，用“倍数＋as＋原级形容词/副词＋as”的结构。‎ Xiao Wang is as tall as Xiao Yu.‎ This building looks not so/as high as that one.‎ Miss Xu speaks English as fluently as you.‎ This room is three times as large as that one.‎ ‎(2)比较级和最高级的构成。‎ 掌握比较级和最高级的变化规则，熟记少数不符合规则的特殊形容词和副词。‎ ‎(3)比较级的用法。‎ ‎①表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级＋than”的结构表示。‎ This picture is more beautiful than that one.‎ ‎②表示一方不及另一方时，用“less＋原级＋than”的结构表示。 ‎ This room is less beautiful than that one.‎ ‎③表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时，可在比较级前加表示程度的状语，如even，a lot，a bit，a little，still，much，far，yet，by far等修饰。‎ He works even harder than before.‎ 注意：(A)英语的比较级前如无even，still或yet等时，译成汉语时可用“较”或“……一些”或不译出，一般不可用“更”。‎ She is better than she was yesterday.‎ 她今天身体好些了。‎ Please come earlier tomorrow.‎ 请明天早点来。‎ ‎(B)by far通常用于强调最高级。用于比较级时，一般放在比较级的后面，如在前面，应在二者中间加“the”。‎ He is taller by far than his brother.‎ He is by far the taller of the two brothers.‎ ‎④表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用“the＋比较级(主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(主语＋谓语)”的结构(意为“越……就越……”)。‎ The harder he works，the happier he feels.‎ ‎⑤不与其他事物相比，表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级＋and＋比较级”的结构。‎ The weather is getting colder and colder.‎ ‎⑥某些以ior结尾的形容词进行比较时，用to代替than。这些词有inferior(劣等的，次的)，superior(较好的，优于……)，junior(资历较浅的)，senior(资格较老的)，prior(在……之前)等。‎ He is superior to Mr.Zhang in chemistry.‎ ‎⑦在比较从句中为了避免重复，我们通常用that(those)，one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。that指物，one既可指人又可指物。that可代替单数可数名词和不可数名词，而one只能代替可数名词。‎ The book on the table is more interesting than that(或the one) on the desk.‎ A box made of steel is stronger than one made of wood.‎ ‎⑧倍数表达法。‎ ‎(A)A is three(four，etc.) times the size(height，length，etc.) of B.‎ The new building is four times the size (the height) of the old one.‎ ‎(B)A is three(four，etc.) times as big(high，long，etc.) as B.‎ Asia is four times as large as Europe.‎ ‎(C)A is three(four，etc.) times bigger(higher，longer，etc.) than B.‎ Your school is three times bigger than ours.‎ 注意：用times 表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用twice或double。‎ ‎(4)最高级的用法。‎ ‎①三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the＋最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。‎ Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.‎ He works (the) hardest in his class.‎ ‎②最高级可被序数词以及much，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not quite，not really等词语所修饰。‎ This hat is by far/much/nearly/almost/not really/by no means/not quite the biggest.‎ ‎③表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent，extreme，perfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级。‎ ‎④形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，被修饰的词往往省略。‎ He is the tallest (boy) in his class.‎ ‎⑤作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。‎ Of all the boys he came (the) earliest.‎ ‎ ⑥否定词＋比较级＝最高级 He has never spent a more worrying day.‎ ‎(5)形容词和副词前面使用冠词的情况。‎ ‎①形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词，副词最高级前可不加冠词。‎ ‎②形容词最高级前有时加不定冠词，或不加冠词，不表比较，表示“非常”。‎ He is a most clever young policeman.(a most＝very)‎ The film is most interesting.(most＝very)‎ ‎③表示两者间“较……的一个”，比较级前加the。‎ Who is the older of the two boys?‎ ‎④在“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”结构中，可用省略形式。‎ The more，the better.‎ ‎(6)由as组成的形容词或副词短语。‎ ‎①as much as＋不可数名词　数量多达……‎ Each stone weighs as much as fifteen tons.‎ She could earn as much as 100 dollars a week.‎ ‎②as many as＋可数名词　数量多达……‎ I have as many as sixteen reference books.‎ ‎③as early as早在 As early as the twelfth century the English began to invade the island.‎ ‎④as far as远到；就……而知(论)‎ We might go as far as(远到) the church and back.‎ As far as I know(就我所知)，he has been there before.‎ ‎⑤may(might，could) as well不妨，不如 Then you might as well stay with us here.‎ ‎⑥as...as one can尽某人所能的……‎ He began to run，as fast as he could.‎ ‎⑦as...as possible尽可能……的 Just get them to finish up as quickly as possible.‎ ‎3．几组重要的词语辨析 ‎(1)very和much的区别。‎ ‎①可分等级的形容词和副词前使用very不用much。‎ ‎②表示状态的分词形容词前用very。如a very frightened boy，a very tired child，a very complicated problem。一般情况下，以ing，ed结尾的分词形容词多用much，very much/greatly等修饰。‎ We were greatly shocked by the news about Tom.‎ I was much amused by Jack’s attitude.‎ ‎③已转化为形容词的现在分词前用very。如：very interesting/worrying/exciting。‎ ‎④too前用much，a lot或far，不用very。如：You are much/far/a lot too nice.另外，在too many/much，too few/little前可用far。‎ There’s far too little opportunity for adventure these days.‎ We’ve got far too many eggs and far too few egg cups.‎ ‎⑤关于原级形容词要记住下列固定的修饰结构：(A)修饰“绝对”意义的形容词，一般不用very，而用quite，completely，well，entirely。如：quite wrong(mistaken，sure)，completely ‎ dead，quite impossible，quite perfect等。(B)修饰以a开头的形容词，多有特殊的修饰词：quite alone，very much alone，wide awake，fast asleep，very much afraid。(C)修饰一些特殊形容词的修饰语有：be well worth，much the same，freezing cold，quite different，terribly cold/frightening。‎ ‎(2)so...that...与such...that...的区别。‎ 注意：下列结构中只能用so不可用such，当名词前有many，much，little，few等表示“多、少”的词修饰时，如so much progress，so many people，so little food，so few apples等。但当little表示“小”时用such。如：These are such little boys that they can’t dress themselves.下列短语中so的用法是错误的：so a difficult problem，so difficult problems，so hot weather。‎ ‎(3)其他几组词的辨析。‎ ‎①ago，before：ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”；before指以过去或将来的某时刻为起点的“以前”。泛指“以前”用before而不用ago。‎ ‎②already，yet，still：already表示某事已经发生；yet表示期待某事发生；still表示某事还在进行，主要用于肯定句。‎ ‎③too，also，either：too和also用于肯定句，too多用于口语，also多用于书面语；either用于否定句。‎ ‎④good，well：与good不同的是，well作形容词用，只能在系动词后作表语，表示“身体状况好”；well还可作副词修饰动词。‎ ‎⑤quick，fast：作形容词皆表示“快”。fast多指运动的物体，含持续的意思；quick多指一次动作的敏捷、突然，而且持续的时间较短。‎ ‎⑥real，true：作形容词皆表示“真的”。real强调真实存在的而不是幻想的，在句中常作定语；true指与事实标准和实际情况相符合，在句中作表语或定语。‎ ‎⑦hard，difficult：均表示“困难”，但hard通常指体力上困难；difficult则指智力或技能上的困难，困难程度大于hard。它们都可作定语和表语。‎ 题组训练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．He spoke to me in English and started explaining his past life when he was healthy(health)．‎ ‎2．It might have made it a little harder(hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around，but that didn’t stop the kids in the class.‎ ‎3．Lost in the tune，he came suddenly upon a homeless(home) beggar lying in the midst of the sidewalk.He reached down，touched the beggar’s cheek，and left a 100dollar bill to him.‎ ‎4．The more we do for the people，the happier(happy) we’ll be.‎ ‎5．The lyrics of the songs make rap music truly(true) unique.‎ ‎6．Some politicians have been quick to describe the event as simple violent(violence) action.‎ ‎7．They were clearly(clear) longstanding customers，and I suppose they must have stayed faithful(faith) to him because he had promised to sell fruit of good quality.‎ ‎8．The conclusions are contained in the agency’s latest(late) report.‎ ‎9．The teacher replied，“You tasted the water.I tasted the gift.The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love.Nothing could be sweeter(sweet)．”‎ ‎10．For some reason he sat beside Mary.Mary felt pleased(please)，because there were many empty seats in the room.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题1处错误)‎ ‎1．That is too much for us，considering how the houses are.‎ ‎2．Don’t panic or get out of line，and try to remain quiet and .‎ ‎3.，Cleo tends to bark an average of six hours a day.‎ ‎4．No one in the carriage had spoken to or even noticed the ticketowner before.‎ ‎5．My uncles jumped up and shot their arrows at the bird.‎ ‎6．I remember my grandfather very .‎ ‎7．To make matters ，now I have to share a room with my younger sister，Maggie.‎ ‎8．I am awfully ，but I know I’ll never fall asleep.‎ ‎9．Today we had a chemistry test.I found the test ，but I tried hard to do it.‎ ‎10．After waiting for about half an hour，I was beginning to get .‎ Ⅲ.语法填空(形容词和副词专练)‎ I don’t think there is much 1.difficulty(difficult) in learning English well，because as long as you master the method and work hard，you can make progress 2.rapidly(rapid)．I believe that the 3.harder(hard) you work at your study，the greater progress you will make.For example，Li Ping，a friend of mine，is the 4.most hardworking student in our class，and he gets 5.higher(high) marks than any other student in our class in every English test.‎ Led by him，all the students in our class are studying English harder 6.than before.As a result，in the 7.latest(late) English test，our class was the 8.better(good) of the two key classes in our school，and the number of students who got excellent marks is twice 9.larger(large) than that of the other.10.Therefore，all of us should study hard no matter what we learn.‎ ‎◆书面表达中形容词与副词易错点聚焦 ‎1．搭配错误 ‎2．汉语干扰，词性混乱 ‎(1)形容词误作动词 ‎(误)He eager to know everything about China.‎ ‎(正)He is eager to know everything about China.‎ ‎(2)形容词与名词混淆 ‎(误)The sport teaches us the important of obedience.‎ ‎(正)The sport teaches us the importance of obedience.‎ ‎(3)形容词与副词混淆 ‎(误)Unfortunate，many people are ignorant of it.‎ ‎(正)Unfortunately，many people are ignorant of it.‎ ‎3．比较级的错误表达 ‎(误)The sea level is rising more and more high.‎ ‎(误)The sea level is rising more and more higher.‎ ‎(正)The sea level is rising higher and higher.‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎(一)‎ ‎1．You could also visit equally(equal) interesting but less known places instead.‎ ‎2．We reached an audience of nearly 4,000 and the participation(participate) of more than 50 different children performance groups，including more than 800 children.‎ ‎3．There is a famous saying(say) “Good habits lead to good endings”， which shows the importance of habits.‎ ‎4．He saved a terrified(terrify) boy from a black bog(沼泽) by accident.‎ ‎5．The protection(protect) and improvement of the human environment is a major issue which affects all the people and economic development throughout the world.‎ ‎6．For several weeks，Mrs.Edwards hoped to be one of the lucky housewives(housewife) like many of her friends.‎ ‎7．In many parts of Europe，August can be the hottest(hot) month of the year so if you’re going on holiday，make sure you’re prepared.‎ ‎8．At the time，I suppose，I thought I was poor.Sometimes，we don’t realize how fortunate(fortune) we are，do we?‎ ‎9．Just imagine how terribly shy I was the moment I thought of that with so many eyes fixed upon me.I had no other choice(choose)，though.‎ ‎10．If we carry our burdens all the time，sooner or later，as the burden becomes increasingly(increasing) heavy，we won’t be able to carry on.‎ ‎11．Little Tommy is really hard to deal with.You can’t find a noisier(noisy) boy in the class.‎ ‎12．The way we cook is important.In many countries，the two choices are natural(nature) gas or electricpowered stoves.‎ ‎13．It is natural that young people are often comfortable(comfort) when they are with their parents.‎ ‎14．With great satisfaction(satisfy)，he soon fell asleep.‎ ‎15．Disagreeing with the old proverb，I believe that new friends are not necessarily(necessary)‎ ‎ worse than old friends.‎ ‎(二)‎ ‎16．“Reading for pleasure” plays a more important role in one’s growth(grow) than one’s family background.‎ ‎17．Actually，only proper amount of homework in proper form is acceptable (accept)；some homework may not only fail to help the students，but on the contrary bore them so much that they may lose their interest in studying.‎ ‎18．Then as the other students marched to their classrooms，our headmaster called me.The next fortyfive minutes was one of the most precious (precious) moments in my life.‎ ‎19．It was a bad night for Louis.His research in the neighboring town took longer(long) than he had expected.‎ ‎20．During national holidays，famous landmarks and tourist attractions(attract) in China are usually very crowded.‎ ‎21．Honesty gives us much freedom(free)．‎ ‎22．As I walked，I looked up，trying to realize what made this day so beautiful(beauty)．‎ ‎23．Some professor says “a naked marriage” is in sharp contrast with China’s traditional(tradition) marriage customs.‎ ‎24．If they have been caught several times playing video games at work，their salary may be cut，and even worse(bad)，they may lose their jobs.‎ ‎25．He sat down and started gently(gentle) talking to the dog.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题1处错误)‎ ‎(一)‎ ‎1．I was touched by the behavior of the doctor.‎ ‎2．Since people from different of the world have different values，it’s necessary to learn from each other.‎ ‎3．I’m not doing well in my lessons at school， in maths.‎ ‎4．The important is that pets can spread some diseases and this has attracted much attention.‎ ‎5．Above all，we must be and reliable in our daily life.‎ ‎6．I think the there drive too fast in the street.‎ ‎7．We can also form a good habit of putting into trashcans.‎ ‎8．First of all，some of the students complained that they have too much homework，resulting in less time to take exercise.，some of them think that it is very difficult for them to keep doing exercise，because it is a very hard thing.‎ ‎9．They appreciated my help greatly. after that，the bus came and we waved goodbye to each other.‎ ‎10．Hearing that I had his wallet，he sighed with relief and told me he would return right away.Ten minutes ，the man arrived.‎ ‎11．People here are usually friendly and ，but they are often in a hurry.‎ ‎12．Besides，it is a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs，because by doing so you’ll learn and remember Chinese words more .‎ ‎13．In fact，I know that a few big in our city hope to hire people like you.‎ ‎14．I will probably study and live away from home during this time，so I will have a lot more ‎ .‎ ‎15．I want to have a pen friend，hopefully a girl in her early twenties，and with interests to mine.‎ ‎(二)‎ ‎16．Hearing this，the whole class burst into laughter and my face turned red.‎ ‎17．I gave him a hug and told him he had made my day，.‎ ‎18．Looking back on the that I have made so far，I really appreciate your support.‎ ‎19．Your problem is a common one among middle school students.Maybe the following can help you.‎ ‎20．In the beginning，he made a speech to express his true love for the class and his wish for everlasting friendship with us.‎ ‎21．And it is only recently that the technology to support such systems has become available.‎ ‎22．Last weekend I visited my best friend in London，which was supposed to be .‎ ‎23．Because we sent her to the nearest hospital in time，she was able to receive treatment.‎ ‎24．According to a report，the habitat of many wild animals and ，the Polar Bears included，is threatened.‎ ‎25．Now the certificate of the B Level is in front of me，and I’ve realized that the process of learning is much important.‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2017·河北衡水中学联考)‎ No one loves me more than my parents，especially my father.My father is stout and strong,1.with a severe look on his face and keen expressive eyes.At first sight you may feel him hard 2.to approach(approach)．In fact，he is very kind and considerate.I believe my father is a 3.talented(talent) man.He is decisive and efficient in doing things.By his own talents and years of efforts，he 4.has provided(provide) his family with a good social position and a 5.relatively(relative) rich life.Besides，he lives in harmony with others and never quarrels with anyone，so people from all walks of life come to my house，from 6.whom I’ve gained lots of social experiences.But at home he is a strict parent who is hard on me and has high 7.expectations(expect) of me.I can see that my idling away time 8.hurts(hurt) him deeply，while if I have done something great and meaningful，such as 9.writing(write) a book，he will be more excited than me.I always remind myself I must go on and on，and never 10.shall/will I give up halfway.‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎(2016·安徽合肥质检)‎ My school holds a sports meeting in every October.We all look forward to it，for it is a time for us to reducing stress and it always brings us lots of unforgettable memories.It usually last for three days，during which time we have no classes.All the student go to the playground to watch or joining in games.The part I like most is the relay race.With race going on，our excitement grows.All of them yell out “come on” to the athletes，watching them competing aggressive.The most breathtaking moment is that the athletes are getting to the finishing line.Somebody can tell who is the winner until the last minute.‎ 答案　‎ My school holds a sports meeting in every October.We all look forward to it，for it is a time for us to stress and it always brings us lots of unforgettable memories.It usually ‎ for three days，during which time we have no classes.All the go to the playground to watch or in games.The part I like most is the relay race.With race going on，our excitement grows.All of yell out “come on” to the athletes，watching them competing .The most breathtaking moment is the athletes are getting to the finishing line. can tell who is the winner until the last minute.‎ 单元综合知识测试 Ⅰ.单项填空 ‎1．Each boy and each girl ________to help the old man.‎ A．want B．is wanting C．are wanting D．wants 答案　D　[“each＋单数名词＋and each＋单数名词”作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。再根据语境可知此处应用一般现在时，故正确答案为D。句意：男孩、女孩都想帮助那位老人。]‎ ‎2．Every boy and every girl enjoys themselves in the school.‎ It is important to ________children to more good books.‎ A．explode B．explore C．expand D．expose 答案　D　[expose表示“使处于……作用(或影响)之下”，后接介词to。句意：使儿童多读一些好书是很重要的。]‎ ‎3．The philosopher Scott Buchanan once observed in a conversation that science ________theater.‎ A．equals B．approaches C．approximates D．resembles 答案　D　[句意：哲学家Scott Buchanan曾经在一次谈话中说科学与戏剧相似。resemble与……相似，符合句意。equal等于；approach(空间或时间上)接近；approximate近似，接近，后接to。]‎ ‎4．—Mike，our team will play against the Rockets this weekend.I'm sure we will win.‎ ‎—________！‎ A．Congratulations B．Cheer up C．Best wishes D．Good luck 答案　D　[从对方的谈话中可知将要在周末进行比赛，因此应祝对方好运，用Good luck！congratulations用于向对方表示祝贺；cheer up振作点，用于鼓励对方；best wishes用于祝愿对方。]‎ ‎5．The man who hit 9 people in a row had drunk so much that his mind could no longer______‎ between fantasy and reality.‎ A．distinguish B．discourage C．disturb D．disappear 答案　A　[从句意可知那个人喝了很多酒，他的神志不清，分辨不出虚幻与真实的情景。distinguish“分辨”，符合句意。discourage使泄气；disturb打扰；disappear消失。]‎ ‎6．Thousands of foreigners were ________to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened.‎ A．attended B．attained C．attracted D．attached 答案　C　[句意：在上海世博会开幕当天，成千上万的外国人被吸引到此处。attend参加，是及物动词，不必加to，而且要用主动形式，所以A项错误；B项表示“达到”；D项be attached to表示“附属于”，都不合语境。]‎ ‎7．The police have______anyone with information to come forward and talk to them.‎ A．admitted to B．appealed to C．allowed for D．made for 答案　B　[考查动词短语辨析。句意：警方已呼吁了解信息的人前来与他们面谈。admit to承认，供认；appeal to呼吁，吸引，上诉；allow for考虑到；make for走向，导向。故B项符合句意。]‎ ‎8．I'll give ________to your suggestion that we ________a party in honor of the ‎ experienced professor.‎ A．much thought；hold B．many thoughts；should hold C．much thought；will hold D．some thought；can hold 答案　A　[give much thought to sth充分考虑某事；第二空先行词为suggestion，从句应用(should)do结构。]‎ ‎9．The trade talk ended with no agreement ________as neither side would accept the conditions of ________.‎ A．to reach；others B．reaching；either C．reaches；another D．reached；the other 答案　D　[agreement与reach之间为动宾关系，故第一空用reached；由neither可知共两方，另一方应用the other。]‎ ‎10．My interests include football，bowling and surfing the web ________studying my favorite subjects.‎ A．instead of B．as well as C．less than D．rather than 答案　B　[此处是用来连接两个同等的成分，且由句意知此处应是“除……之外还有……”，故选B项。]‎ ‎11. The couple________last year.They had lived together for twenty years，though.‎ A．broke out B．broke away C．broke up D．broke down 答案　C　[句意：这对夫妻去年分道扬镳了，尽管他们在一起生活都有20年了。break up表示“分离；结束(关系)”，符合句意。break out爆发；break away脱离；break down分解，打碎，出故障。]‎ ‎12．________with the size of the whole earth，the highest mountain doesn't seem high at all.‎ A．When compared B．To compare C．While comparing D．It compared 答案　A　[原句为：When it is compared with the size of the whole earth，the highest mountain doesn't seem high at all.因此可以保留连接词when，然后省去相同的主语，用过去分词表被动。]‎ ‎13．—I hear it may get windy this afternoon.‎ ‎—I don't care ________it doesn't rain again.‎ A．even though B．as far as C．in case D．so long as 答案　D　[句意：——我听说今天下午有风。 ——只要天不再下雨我就不在乎。so long as只要；even though即使；as far as就……，尽……；in case以免，万一。]‎ ‎12．I'm sorry that I can’t attend your party，because I have had another important____.‎ A．appointment B．complaint C．acquaintance D．exhibition 答案　A　[句意：对不起，我不能参加你的宴会了，因为我有另一个重要的约会。appointment约会；complaint抱怨，不满；acquaintance熟人；exhibition展览。故A项符合句意。]‎ ‎15．—My teacher says she's canceling the class play.I just can't understand.‎ ‎—________.You were looking forward to it.‎ A．It doesn't matter B．It's very unwise of her ‎ C．Don't worry about it D．You must be disappointed 答案　D　[句意：——我老师说她要取消课堂剧。我就是不明白。 ——你肯定非常失望。你一直盼着呢。It doesn't matter.没关系，不要紧；It's very unwise of her.她很不明智；Don't worry about it.别担心；You must be disappointed.你肯定非常失望。由语境You were looking forward to it.“你一直盼着呢”而老师却要取消它可知选择D项“你肯定非常失望”。]‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 A ‎ We may have hosted some difficult house guests once or on even more occasions. Are you still worrying about how to deal with them? Here below are some tips on how to deal with those difficult house guests.‎ ‎ You've been waiting an hour to eat breakfast but your guests are still sleeping.‎ ‎ “Unless you adjusted a time for breakfast the evening before, let your guests sleep in and enjoy your breakfast without them. If possible, keep their breakfast warm. Or better yet, when entertaining it's always a good idea to have cold breakfast (as well as lunch, dinner and snack ) food onhand. ”‎ ‎——Pamela Eyring, president and director of The Protocol School of Washington ‎ Your guest's teenage son is a Facebook addict and hogs your computer all day long.‎ ‎ “If you have a guest whose fingers are fixated on your keyboard, kindly let him know that you are expecting work email and give him enough time to finish using it. ”‎ ‎ ——Ummu Bradley Thomas, founder of the Freddie Bell Jones Modeling & Finishing School, Inc. ‎ ‎ Your couch surfing, unemployed nephew has been here a month and is showing no sign of leaving. ‎ ‎ “There is nothing wrong with saying ‘John, you have been here a month and have not put in any applications. What can I do to help you get your resume together? I would like to make a plan that will assist you in getting back on your feet and allow me to eventually have my extra room back for guests that will soon be arriving. ’”‎ ‎——Diane Gottsman, owner of The Protocol School of Texas ‎ ‎ Your guests expect you to accompany them to every single tourist attraction in your city. It's tiring and expensive.‎ ‎ “If your guests didn't offer to treat you, politely decline and offer to meet them afterwards for dinner or drinks. That way they know you enjoy their company. ”‎ ‎——Pamela Eyring, president and director of The Protocol School of Washington ‎ You gave your friend a closet shelf for her stuff but her clothes are thrown all over the place.‎ ‎ “You should simply say ‘ I am happy to have you use my closet but your clothes seem to have a mind of their own. Would you mind keeping your clothes on the top shelf? It would make it easier for me to find my things when I am in a rush and looking for them. Thank you. ’”‎ ‎——Diane Gottsman, owner of The Protocol School of Texas ‎ 【语篇解读】 当家里来了难缠的客人时，该怎样应对呢？本文为大家提供了一些建议。‎ ‎16．Which of the following kinds of guests has NOT been mentioned in the passage?‎ ‎ A．Some guests who get up late in the morning.‎ ‎ B．The Facebook addict who hogs your computer all day long.‎ ‎ C．A vegetarian husband and a wife who is a picky eater.‎ ‎ D．An unemployed nephew who is not leaving after a long time.‎ 答案　C　[考查细节理解。A项“早晨很晚才起床的客人”、B项“整天沉迷于网络交友的客人”和D项“失业长期赖着不走的侄子”在文中都被提及，只有C项“素食主义的丈夫和挑食的妻子”文中没有提到，故选C项。]‎ ‎17．According to Ummu Bradley Thomas, which of the following is the best way to deal with the guests?‎ ‎ A．Kindly explaining to him you need to use the computer.‎ ‎ B．Politely asking him to stop using the computer at once.‎ ‎ C．Introducing other toys to him to play with.‎ ‎ D．Simply letting him keep using the computer as he likes.‎ 答案　A　[考查推理判断。根据文中的“kindly let him know that you are expecting work email and give him enough time to finish using it”可知，他建议我们礼貌地向客人解释自己要用电脑，并给客人足够的时间处理完事情，故答案为A项。]‎ ‎18．The passage gives the following tips EXCEPT________.‎ ‎ A．declining the guests' requests if you hate to accompany them everywhere ‎ B． reminding them to keep their clothes on the top shelf ‎ C．trying to offer at least one dish based on his or her preferences ‎ D．keeping their breakfast warm or having cold breakfast food onhand 答案　C　[‎ 考查细节理解。A、B、D项所说的建议分别在处理第四、第五和第一种情况的内容中出现，只有C项“准备至少一道客人爱吃的菜”文中没有给出。]‎ ‎19．Which of the following is the best title for this passage?‎ ‎ A．How to Entertain Your Guests ‎ B．How to Keep Good Personal Relations ‎ C．How to Find the Best Solution ‎ D．How to Deal with Difficult House Guests 答案　D　[考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，文章是在讲如何应对家里来的那些难缠的客人，介绍了几种既能够解决麻烦同时又不伤害对方感情的好办法。故D项作为本文的标题最合适。]‎ B Once when I was six years old，I saw an amazing picture in a book called True Stories from Nature about the primeval forest.It was a picture of a boa constrictor(大蟒蛇) in the act of swallowing an animal.In the book it said：“Boa constrictors swallow their prey wholly without chewing it.After that they are not able to move and they sleep through the six months that they need for digestion.”‎ I thought deeply then over the adventures of the jungle.And after some work with a colored pencil，I succeeded in making my first drawing，my Drawing Number One.I showed my work to the grownups and asked them whether the drawing frightened them.But they answered: “Frighten? Why should anyone be frightened by a hat？”‎ My drawing was not a picture of a hat.It was a picture of a boa constrictor digesting an elephant.But since the grownups were not able to understand it，I made another drawing.I drew the inside of the boa constrictor so that the grownups could see it clearly.They always need to have things explained.That's my Drawing Number Two.‎ The grownups' response this time was to advise me to lay aside my drawings of boa constrictors whether from the inside or the outside and devote myself instead to geography，history，arithmetic and grammar.That is why at the age of six I gave up the dream that I might have been a great painter.I had been disheartened by the failure of my Drawing Number One and my Drawing Number Two.Grownups never understand anything by themselves and it is tiresome for children to be always and forever explaining things to them.‎ So then I chose another profession and learned to pilot airplanes.I have flown a little over all ‎ parts of the world，and it is true that geography has been very useful to me.At a glance，I can distinguish China from Arizona.If one gets lost in the night，such knowledge is valuable.‎ In the course of this life，I have had lots of chances to meet with a great many people.And that hasn't much improved my opinion of them.Whenever I met one of them who seemed to me at all clearsighted，I tried showing him my Drawing Number One which I have always kept.I would try to find out if this was a person of true understanding.But whoever it was，he or she would always say: That is a hat.Then I would never talk to that person about boa constrictors or primeval forests or stars.I would bring myself down to his level.I would talk to him about bridge，golf，politics and neckties.And the grownup would be greatly pleased to have met such an intelligent man.‎ ‎【语篇导读】　作者的两幅画一直都得不到人们的真正理解，他感到非常困惑，希望能遇到一个理解自己的人，但希望总是落空。‎ ‎20．The writer drew his first picture in order to______.‎ A．show the grownups what the book was about B．frighten the grownups trying to enter the forest C．remind himself of the adventures of the jungle D．illustrate a boa constrictor's act of digesting an animal 答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It was a picture of a boa constrictor digesting an elephant.”可知，应选D项。]‎ ‎21．How did the writer understand the grownups' response to his second drawing?‎ A．He was actually only good at academic study.‎ B．It was a waste of time for him to keep on drawing.‎ C．He had difficulty in communicating with the adults.‎ D．He was good at anything but geography.‎ 答案　B　[推理判断题。根据文章的第四段开头可知，大人们觉得作者继续画画简直就是浪费时间。故选B项。]‎ ‎22．The underlined word “disheartened”in Paragraph 4 could most probably be replaced ‎ by________.‎ A．discouraged B．dissatisfied C．discriminated D．disturbed 答案　A　[词义猜测题。根据上下文和画线词后面的“the failure”可知，这两幅画的失败打击了作者，故dishearten在此可理解为“使失去信心，使泄气”。故选A项。]‎ ‎23．Which of the following statements is true?‎ A．The writer could have become a pilot if encouraged when young.‎ B．The writer finally changed his opinion of grownups.‎ C．The writer has been showing his two pictures to others ever since.‎ D．The writer felt nobody could have really understood him.‎ 答案　D　[正误判断题。根据最后一段中的“I would try to find out if this was a person of true understanding.But whoever it was，he or she would always say：That is a hat.”可知D项正确。]‎ Ⅲ.书面表达 某英文报近期举办以“感恩与我同行”为主题的英语征文大赛。请你根据右图及提示的内容写一篇感恩老师的英文短文参赛。‎ 主要内容如下：‎ ‎(1)感谢老师的关心鼓励；‎ ‎(2)感谢老师的辛勤劳动；‎ ‎(3)感谢老师的谆谆教诲；‎ ‎(4)词数150左右。‎ 注意：短文须围绕“感恩与我同行”的主题。‎ Thanks to You，My Teacher ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【参考范文】‎ Thanks_to_You，My_Teacher I would like to thank you for all the help you have given me.You are very friendly to everyone in our class.You always get on very well with us students.‎ What impresses me most is that you are not only our teacher but also our friend.You are always so patient whenever we ask you questions.We are all moved when you listen carefully and explain everything so thoroughly.You show us different ways to learn English.We feel so encouraged and become more comfortable in your class.You make your class so lively and interesting that every one of us is always eager to participate and practice.Our English has improved so much.‎ You teach us not only how to learn English well but also how to be good citizens.We owe much to you，my teacher.‎