【英语】2021届新高考英语一轮复习限时规范练北师大版：必修3Unit8B　Adventure作业 10页

限时规范练16(必修3　Unit 8B)‎ 核心素养关键词:培养学生人与自然、和谐发展的素养能力意识 ‎　限时规范练第32页　 ‎ 一、阅读理解 A Back-to-back hurricanes hit the U.S.Virgin Islands last fall and caused a lot of damage.The U.S.Army Corps of Engineers has collected more than 736,000 cubic yards of rubbish as they rush to clean up St.Thomas,St.John and St.Croix,the Virgin Islands’ three major islands,but there is no place to put it.Some of the rubbish is metal,some of it is wood and parts of buildings,but most of it is trees and other plants.‎ The Army Corps will ship the metal to the U.S.mainland to be sold.After being cut up into small parts,wood and other rubbish will be sent there,too.But it is much harder to get rid of the trees and big plants.The Army Corps wanted to burn the plant waste.It is the cheapest way to get rid of it,which was done in New York and New Jersey after Hurricane Sandy in 2012.‎ But people in the Virgin Islands thought it could harm their health and the health of the islands,too.The protest started on the island of St.John,which is circled by coral reefsand includes a big national park.People on St.Thomas and St.Croix joined in,too.‎ ‎ Sending the plant waste to the mainland is not a good idea,either.It includes insects that could create problems in other areas.In Puerto Rico,an island in the Caribbean Sea,the Army Corps is cutting plant waste into mulch (护根),which helps improve the soil.People in the Virgin Islands like the idea.But there may not be enough space for all of it.‎ And some people are tired of waiting.Raphael Munchez,whose home was damaged,is one of those people.“We need our government to get back on its feet,” he said.“It’s struggling right now.Nobody is worried about pollution right now.We are worried about getting all of this rubbish off the island.”‎ ‎【篇章导读】本文是新闻报道。文章介绍了美属维尔京群岛在遭受接连不断的飓风袭击后蒙受了巨大的损失,成堆的垃圾更是无处安放,政府想出各种方法应对此问题。‎ ‎1.What troubled the Army Corps in the Virgin Islands?‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ A.The severe weather.‎ B.The mountains of rubbish.‎ C.The buildings in bad condition.‎ D.The damage caused by Hurricane Sandy.‎ 答案B 解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The U.S.Army Corps of Engineers has collected...but there is no place to put it.”可知,美国陆军工程兵团在美属维尔京群岛遇到的最大困难就是堆积成山的垃圾无处安置。‎ ‎2.What did people in the Virgin Islands think of burning the waste? ‎ A.It would not be fairly effective.‎ B.It would not be environment-friendly.‎ C.It would help them rebuild their islands.‎ D.It would destroy coral reefs around the island.‎ 答案B 解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But people in the Virgin Islands thought it could harm their health and the health of the islands,too.”可知,美属维尔京群岛的居民认为焚烧垃圾会危害岛上居民的健康以及岛上的生态环境。‎ ‎3.What is the government doing now to get rid of the plant waste?‎ A.Burning it on St.Croix.‎ B.Sending it to the mainland.‎ C.Cutting all of it into mulch.‎ D.Still waiting for a solution.‎ 答案D 解析推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知,政府想把植物垃圾运往美国大陆但是会给其他区域带来问题,若是全部处理为护根,又没有足够的空间,所以政府暂时没有找到一个合适的办法来处理植物垃圾。‎ ‎4.What do Munchez’s words in the last paragraph suggest? ‎ A.There will be a quick fix.‎ B.The burning ban wastes time.‎ C.The government’s struggle is worthy.‎ D.Pollution should be regarded as a big problem.‎ 答案B 解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中Munchez的话可知,他认为政府没有必要禁止焚烧植物垃圾,当务之急是赶紧处理掉岛上的垃圾,所以他认为禁止焚烧植物垃圾的做法是在浪费时间。‎ B On December 26,2004,hundreds of tourists relaxed on Sri Lanka’s Yala National Park’s beaches.But at mid-morning the park’s elephants began crying wildly and running away from the ocean and up a nearby hill.The puzzled keepers could tell the animals were worried about something.But what?‎ What the keepers did not know was that a 30-foot wall of water was headed straight toward them.This tsunami had been caused by an earthquake more than 1,000 miles away in the Indian Ocean.When the huge wave hit the coast,it caused severe damage.Many people died.The elephants,however,were not swept away by the water.They stood safely on the hill.‎ Scientists have long suspected that animals sense natural disasters before humans do.People have told stories of dogs refusing to go outside and sharks swimming to deeper waters before a hurricane.After the 2004 tsunami,people said they saw tigers,monkeys,and water buffalo escaping to higher ground before the waters rushed in.Even in the hardest-hit areas of southern Asia,there were few animal deaths.‎ It’s unlikely that an animal’s so-called sixth sense comes from some magical power to see into the future.Experts believe that animals may be more sensitive than humans to changes in temperature and other environmental conditions that take place before a natural disaster.The elephants in Sri Lanka,for ‎ example,may have picked up vibrations (震动) from within the Earth,a sign that danger was coming.Because vibrations in the ground travel much faster than an ocean wave,the elephants may have felt the earthquake that caused the tsunami well before the tsunami itself came to the coast.‎ A few scientists are calling for a system to track reports of strange behavior in people’s pets,hoping that these reports can serve as a warning system that a natural disaster is about to happen.But Marina Haynes,an animal behavior scientist at the Philadelphia Zoo,says,“It would be an unreliable way to predict disasters.It can be difficult to know what an animal is doing.Is the animal nervous because an earthquake is about to happen or is it frightened because there is an enemy nearby?‎ ‎【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了动物是如何预测自然灾害的。‎ ‎5.What happened to the elephants in Sri Lanka’s Yala National Park on December 26,2004?‎ A.They died in the natural disaster.‎ B.They were disturbed by the tourists.‎ C.They moved from the hill to the seaside.‎ D.They behaved strangely before the tsunami.‎ 答案D 解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But at mid-morning the park’s elephants began crying wildly...But what?”再结合下文海啸来临的描述可知,大象在海啸来临之前表现得很反常。‎ ‎6.How did the author present animals’ sixth sense in Paragraph 3?‎ A.By giving examples.‎ B.By making comparisons.‎ C.By showing research findings.‎ D.By telling an interesting story.‎ 答案A 解析写作手法题。根据第三段中的“People have told stories of dogs refusing to go outside...and water buffalo escaping to higher ground before the waters rushed in.”可知,作者用举例子的手法展现出动物能够提前感知自然灾害的能力。‎ ‎7.What is the main idea of Paragraph 4?‎ A.The advantages of being sensitive.‎ B.The influences of the natural disaster.‎ C.How animals predict a natural disaster.‎ D.How elephants make use of their sixth sense.‎ 答案C 解析段落大意题。根据第四段中的“Experts believe that animals may be more sensitive than humans...before a natural disaster.”及斯里兰卡大象如何提前感知到海啸来临的例子可知,该段主要介绍了动物是如何预测自然灾害的。‎ ‎8.What is Haynes’ attitude towards a warning system?‎ A.Delighted. ‎ B.Doubtful.‎ C.Hopeful. ‎ D.Disappointed.‎ 答案B 解析推理判断题。根据最后一段Haynes所说的话可知,Haynes认为这种通过观察动物异常行为来预测自然灾害的预警机制不可靠,因为人们很难分辨动物异常行为背后的真正缘由,所以她持怀疑态度。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 二、完形填空 My dog Chi Chi always has a smile on her face.However,before my family adopted her,her life was pretty　1　.It’s hard to believe this sweet dog was once left in a dustbin.Her 　2　 was injured and she was in pain.But when the rescuers got to her,her eyes shone with 　3　 and she was trying to get to them.Her rescuers drove her to the closest hospital to get her 　4　.The vets there 　5　 her by fitting her with a prosthesis (假肢) and shared her 　6　 on the Internet. ‎ That’s how my parents and I first　7　 her.For weeks,we 　8　 Chi Chi’s story and discussed adopting her.We 　9　 had three dogs.My mom wanted to know who would　10　 her,because it might be a lot of work to take care of a dog that was 　11　. ‎ We had a lot of　12　 about Chi Chi.Her rescuers sent us photos and videos.After we adopted her,we made her try different prostheses so she could move around more　13　.She’s made a lot of progress with her 　14　,and now she can even jump up on the sofa. ‎ Chi Chi has a great attitude　15　 she’s been through something hard.She’s always smiling and happy.Chi Chi has a lot to 　16　 about kindness and about 　17　 little achievements (like making 　18　 with walking or jumping).She has taught me to care about the 　19　 of others and help them.I’ve also noticed that when people meet Chi Chi,they talk about hard things they’ve faced.I think she shows them it’s possible to 　20　 anything difficult.She sure encourages me to be the best I can be,like she is every day. ‎ ‎【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了作者一家救助受伤小狗的故事以及从小狗身上学到的品质。‎ ‎1.A.normal B.hard C.fun D.strange 答案B 解析由本句中表示转折的副词However和下文中的“this sweet dog was once left in a dustbin”可知,在被作者一家收养之前,这只小狗的生活很“艰难(hard)”。‎ ‎2.A.eye B.ear C.leg D.head 答案C 解析由下文中的“by fitting her with a prosthesis”可知,这只小狗的“腿(leg)”受了伤。‎ ‎3.A.imagination B.responsibility C.happiness D.dissatisfaction 答案C 解析由上文中的“she was in pain”和本句中的转折连词But以及下文中这只小狗的乐观精神可知,这只小狗在看到救援人员时,眼中流露出“欣喜(happiness)”。‎ ‎4.A.water B.food C.courage D.help 答案D 解析由下文中的“The vets there...her by fitting her with a prosthesis”可知,救援人员把这只小狗带到附近的医院接受“帮助(help)”。‎ ‎5.A.saved B.protected C.freed D.examined 答案A 解析兽医通过给小狗安装假肢“救助(saved)”它。‎ ‎6.A.price B.story C.character D.desire 答案B 解析下文中的Chi Chi’s story对本空有提示。‎ ‎7.A.worried about B.cared about C.dreamed about D.heard about 答案D 解析由下文中的“discussed adopting her”可知,这是作者一家第一次“听说(heard about)”这只小狗。‎ ‎8.A.copied B.wrote C.followed D.doubted 答案C 解析作者一家通过网络“密切关注(followed)”这只小狗的故事。‎ ‎9.A.already B.never C.also D.even 答案A 解析由上文中的discussed和下文中的“My mom wanted to know who would”可推断,作者家“已经(already)”有三只小狗了。‎ ‎10.A.look at B.look for C.look after D.look into 答案C 解析由本句中的“because it might be a lot of work to take care of a dog”可知,作者的妈妈想要知道谁想 “照顾(look after)”这只小狗。‎ ‎11.A.unsafe B.disabled C.usual D.lonely 答案B 解析由上文中的“by fitting her with a prosthesis”可知,这只小狗有“残疾(disabled)”。‎ ‎12.A.ideas B.opinions C.feelings D.questions 答案D 解析由下文中的“Her rescuers sent us photos and videos.”可推断,作者一家在收养这只小狗之前有一些“问题(questions)”需要询问。‎ ‎13.A.slowly B.comfortably C.quietly D.patiently 答案B 解析由上下文语境可知,作者和家人给小狗尝试不同的假肢以使它能走得更“舒服(comfortably)”。‎ ‎14.A.listening B.sitting C.eating D.walking 答案D 解析由上文中的move around和下文中的jump up可知,此处指这只小狗在“走路(walking)”方面进步很大。‎ ‎15.A.because B.so C.although D.unless 答案C 解析空格前后两部分构成让步关系,故用although。‎ ‎16.A.choose B.teach C.enjoy D.prepare 答案B 解析下文中的She has taught me对本空有提示。‎ ‎17.A.discussing B.using C.celebrating D.preventing 答案C 解析由上文可知,这只小狗乐观坚强,因此可推断此处表示“庆贺(celebrating)”小成就。‎ ‎18.A.progress B.money C.mistakes D.performances 答案A 解析上文中的“She’s made a lot of progress”对本空有提示。‎ ‎19.A.habits B.advantages ‎ C.interests D.difficulties 答案D 解析由下文中的help them和“they talk about hard things they’ve faced”可知,此处指体谅他人的“难处(difficulties)”。‎ ‎20.A.avoid B.solve C.finish D.understand 答案B 解析这只小狗用它的经历以及乐观坚强的精神告诉人们,每个人完全有可能“克服(solve)”困难。‎ 三、短文改错 Dad decided to paint my bedroom wall.I wanted them to be blue like the sea.Mom wanted to paint them yellow like Sun.She said it would be brighter.I thought it would be too brighter.I wanted my room to be a cheer place,but also a place I could relax in it.Dad decided that we should mix the two colors together.After mix the paint,I saw a pretty lightly green color.I nodded as soon as I see it.It made me think over fresh grass in summer.Now I can lie back reading a book and it’s almost like I’m lying in grasslands.She couldn’t have asked for anything better.‎ 答案 第一句:wall→walls 第三句:Sun前加the 第四句:brighter→bright 第六句:cheer→cheerful;去掉it 第八句:mix→mixing;lightly→light 第九句:see→saw 第十句:over→of 第十二句:She→I