【英语】2018届人教版必修1Unit3TravelJournal单元学案设计（16页） 16页

‎2018届人教版必修1Unit3Travel Journal单元学案设计 单元话题阅读 European’s holiday It's time to pack your bags and get ready to go on a summer holiday! Have you ever wondered what Europeans do for their holiday? Maybe travel to other countries or visit friends and family. Well, they do all of these! Most people in Europe get about three or four weeks of holiday time a year. Lots of people those choose to go away in the summer when it's warmer. In Sweden, many companies close down for the whole of July and nearly everyone takes their holiday then! It's common for many Swedish families to go and stay in their second home, often in a forest or by the sea. Italians like to go to the coast or walk in the hills and eat special food. Some British people go to the seaside when the weather is good. The Queen's birthday is really in April but she celebrates it in June when the weather is better! British people often like to go abroad to places like sunny Spain and France. Europeans often travel abroad for their holiday now because it's cheap. The EU also makes it easy for Europeans to travel. They don't need a passport to travel in Europe! Lots of Europeans like to buy "package holidays". This means they can get their flight, hotel and even food at a very low price. Lots of families also like to go camping, too. ‎ 欧洲人的假期 是时候背上行囊准备过暑假了!你是否曾想过欧洲人是如何过假期的?也许是去另一个国家旅行,或是拜访朋友和亲人.好吧,他们这些都会做!‎ 大多数欧洲人每年会有3到4周的假期时间。其中大部分选择在炎热的夏天去遥远的地方。‎ 在瑞典,许多公司整个7月份都放假,于是每人都可以度假!对于瑞士家庭来说,在第二个家（通常在森林或海边）里住是很正常的.意大利人喜欢去海边或在山上漫步,吃特殊的食物。‎ 英国人喜欢在天气好的时候去海边。女王的生日其实是在4月份的,但她会在6月份庆祝,因为那是的天气更好!英国人很喜欢去像西班牙和法国这些地方。‎ 欧洲人现在经常出国旅游因为很便宜.欧盟也使他们的旅行变得更为便捷。他们在欧洲旅行不需要护照。‎ 许多欧洲人喜欢“包游”,这就意味着他们可以自己以一个较低的价格负责飞机票,旅馆和食物。许多家庭同样也喜欢露营。‎ Top 3 Places to Visit in Singapore 新加坡最值得游玩的三个地方 ‎3. Singapore Botanic Garden ‎3.新加坡植物园 In 1822, Sir Stamford Raffles had built up Botanic Gardens at the base of Government Hill and the gathering was moved to its present site at 1859. Throughout the years, the greenhouses had been broadened and arranged. Today, the Botanic Garden is currently an UNESCO World Heritage and in among the top to-visit places to visit in Singapore. The National Orchid Garden is the highlight of the Botanic Garden. It has the most noteworthy presentation of the tropical orchids on the planet. With a Cool House for a high elevation of Orchids in common settings, it has more than 1,000 species and 2,000 half and halves. The greenery enclosure is prevalent with its local people, who run and excursion and go to the incessant outside shows in Palm Valley. The patio nursery is best investigated in the relative cool morning or at night.‎ ‎1822年,斯丹福·莱佛士爵士在新加坡福康宁的政府山上建立了第一个新加坡"植物学实验园"。1859年,这个建筑区迁到现在的地址。这些年来,植物园已经扩建和拓展了许多。如今,新加坡植物园是联合国教科文组织世界文化遗产地,也是新加坡最受欢迎的旅游地之一。国家胡姬花园是最有名的植物园之一,它有这个地球上最著名的热带兰花景观。花园通过将生长在高海拔地区的胡姬花放置在低温室中培育,拥有了超过1000个胡姬花品种。绿色围场受到当地人的欢迎。他们在围场里跑步、远足,或者去棕榈树园观看不间断的户外演出。在凉爽的早晨或者夜晚,露台苗圃是最适合探索的地方。‎ ‎2. Singapore Zoo and River Safari ‎2.新加坡动物园与水上乐园 Path back to 1960s, the British had left a ragbag of family pets when they hauled out of Singapore. The 69sections of land Singapore Zoo was formally opened in 1973 where it is currently home to more than 300 species, for example, tigers, orangutans, komodo mythical serpents, brilliant lion and jeopardized species. There is reproducing programs started for imperiled species, which had made some progress.‎ 追溯到20世纪六十年代,当英国人离开新加坡的时候,他们留下了一些动物。由69片区域组成的新加坡动物园在1973年正式开放,那里曾是300多种动物的家园,如老虎、猩猩、科莫多龙、奇异的蛇、聪明的狮子以及濒危的物种。动物园有一项为濒危动物发起的再生项目,并且已经取得了一些进展。‎ The recreation center is home toward the Southeast Asia's biggest panda show and the world's biggest freshwater aquarium. One can take a ride on the Amazon River Quest and to appreciate the pontoon enterprise that buoys past more than 30 types of creatures, which incorporates mammoth insect eating animal and panthers.‎ 娱乐中心有东南亚最大型的熊猫表演和世界最大的淡水水族馆。人们可以在亚马逊水道边骑车,欣赏浮桥区的景色,浮标流经过三十多种动物,包括猛犸象、以昆虫为生的动物和美洲豹。‎ ‎1. Jurong Bird Park ‎1.裕廊飞禽公园 Jurong Bird Park is the greatest in Asia Pacific and very natural came first in our list of places to visit in Singapore. This 49 sections of land flying creature park is home to more than ‎ 5,000 fowls with 380 species from everywhere throughout the world. The Waterfall Aviary is the most terrific range in the recreation center where it is a 5 sections of land woods containing more than 1,500 African winged creatures and has a 100-feet man-made waterfall. On the off chance that you would prefer not to visit the recreation center by foot, you can jump on a cable car to have an outline of the recreation center.‎ 裕廊飞禽公园是亚太地区最大的,也是人们最想去的旅游景点之一。这49片区域组成的飞禽公园是5000多只鸟的家园,有来自世界各地的380种鸟类。瀑布鸟舍是娱乐中心最大的一块地方。该娱乐中心由5部分陆上森林组成,拥有超过1500只亚洲的鸟以及100英尺高的人造瀑布。万一你不想徒步观光这个娱乐中心,你可以乘上缆车,饱览这个地方的全貌。‎ 五年真题回顾 ‎【话题分析】‎ 以下两篇阅读理解、一篇完形填空、一篇语篇型语法填空均是旅游话题有关的高考试题,这仅是其中的几个试题而已,与旅游相关话题的高考试题还很多。充分说明高考试题与教材的紧密结合。‎ 因此,学生在学习本单元时,要扩展阅读,读几篇与旅游话题相关的英语文章,既可以扩大知识面,还可陶冶自己的情操,从而在高考中会做到游刃有余。‎ 高考试题一 体裁 话题 词数 难度 建议时间 记叙文 南极洲旅行 ‎279‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎6分钟 ‎（2016·新课标全国卷II, 阅读理解D篇）A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.‎ Frank Hurley’s pictures would be outstanding — undoubtedly first-rate photo-journalism — if they had been made last week. In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海难), by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation ‎ of survival. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship.‎ The ship was the Endurance, a small, tight, Norwegian-built three-master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists, 27 men in all, to the southernmost shore of Antarctica’s Weddell Sea. From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled (雪橇) across the continent. The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.‎ As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well-researched story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort. Scott’s last journey, completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger, caught the world’s imagination, and a film made in his honor drew crowds. Shackleton, a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography. Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.‎ ‎33．What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?‎ A. They were made last week. B. They showed undersea sceneries.‎ C. They were found by a cameraman. D. They recorded a disastrous adventure.‎ ‎34．Who reached the South Pole first according to the text?‎ A. Frank Hurley. B. Ernest Shackleton.‎ C. Robert Falcon Scott. D. Caroline Alexander.‎ ‎35．What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?‎ A. Artistic creation. B. Scientific research.‎ C. Money making. D. Treasure hunting.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。一本新的影集把一次不成功的南极洲的旅行带回到现实生活中,由此引出了历史上去南极洲探险的事迹。‎ ‎33．D 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海难)"可知,这些照片记录了一次灾难性的冒险,故选D项。‎ ‎34．C 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled(雪橇) across the continent. The journey was intended to ‎ achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done...in 1912"可知Captain Robert Falcon Scott是第一个到达南极的人。故选C项。‎ ‎35．C 【解析】考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort"和"started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography"可知,Alexander认为1914年旅行的目的是赚钱。故选C项。‎ 考考试题二 体裁 话题 词数 难度 建议时间 应用文 新西兰旅游注意事项 ‎204‎ ‎★★☆☆☆‎ ‎5分钟 ‎（2015·江苏阅读理解,A）Visitor Code ‎●Arrive with nothing that can harm New Zealand If you are arriving from overseas, bring no food, animal or plant material into the country. If in doubt declare it to Customs.‎ ‎●Protect plants and animals Never allow dogs or other pets to run freely in areas of nesting birds, other wildlife, or where signposted.‎ ‎●Get rid of rubbish Always get rid of your rubbish properly and recycle waste (e.g., glass, paper) where possible.‎ ‎●Be considerate with other waste If using a portable toilet always throw away your toilet waste at a proper waste station. In the back country, bury your toilet waste in a shallow hole away from waterways.‎ ‎●Keep New Zealand’s water clean Because soaps and other wastes can harm waterways, be careful your washing water doesn’t pollute the sea, lakes and rivers.‎ ‎●Take care with fire Always observe district fire bans. Be careful if you smoke or have an outdoor fire or barbecue — make sure ashes are cold before leaving.‎ ‎●Camp or picnic carefully When camping or picnicking, use facilities provided.‎ ‎●Keep to the track Keep to the track, where one exists, so you lessen the chance of damaging fragile plants.‎ ‎●Be considerate When driving, minimize noise and observe no smoking signs.‎ ‎56.According to the Code, visitors should act _______ .‎ A. with care and respect B. with relief and pleasure C. with caution and calmness D. with attention and observation ‎57.What are you encouraged to do when travelling in New Zealand?‎ A. Take your own camping facilities.‎ B. Bury glass far away from rivers.‎ C. Follow the track for the sake of plants.‎ D. Observe signs to approach nesting birds.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文（旅游指南）。介绍了去新西兰旅游中要保护动物,处理好垃圾,注意路标等注意事项。‎ ‎56．A 【解析】考查推理判断。纵观全文可知,本文介绍了去新西兰旅游中的注意事项,根据关键词“be considerate, be careful, take care”等可推知游客的行为应体现出关爱和尊重。故选A项。‎ ‎57．C 【解析】考查细节理解。根据小标题“Keep to the track”下内容可知,可知在新西兰旅游时,为了减少破坏植物的可能,鼓励游客顺着路走。露营设施是提供好的,排除A项；B偷换主体,埋藏的是toilet waste,而非glass；D项偷换概念,observe no smoking signs,而非observe signs to approach nesting birds。故选C项。‎ 高考试题三 体裁 话题 词数 难度 建议时间 记叙文 攀登遇险,互相支持 ‎276‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎16分钟 ‎（2014·全国新课标II,完形填空 ）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top 41 , but on their way back conditions were very 42 . Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon 43 alone, he would probably get back 44 . But Simon decided to risk his 45 and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope（绳）.‎ As they 46 down, the weather got worse. Then another 47 occurred. They couldn’t see or hear each other and, 48 , Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice（峭壁）. It was 49 for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe’s 50 was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice. 51 , after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold, Simon had to 52 . In tears, he cut the rope. Joe 53 into a large crevasse（裂缝）in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. He couldn’t walk, but he 54 to get out of the crevasse and started to 55 towards their camp, nearly ten kilometers 56 .‎ Simon had 57 the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be 58 , but he didn’t want to leave 59 . Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice. He couldn’t 60 it. Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive.‎ ‎41. A. hurriedly B. carefully C. successfully D. early ‎42. A. difficult B. similar C. special D. normal ‎43.A. climbed B. worked C. rested D. continued ‎44.A. unwillingly B. safely C. slowly D. regretfully ‎45.A. fortune B. time C. health D. life ‎ ‎46.A. lay B. settled C. went D. looked ‎ ‎47.A. damage B. storm C. change D. trouble ‎ ‎48. A. by mistake B. by chance C .by choice D. by luck ‎49.A. unnecessary B. practical C. important D. impossible ‎ ‎50.A. height B. weight C. strength D. equipment ‎ ‎51. A. Finally B. Patiently C Surely D Quickly ‎ ‎52.A stand back B take a rest C make a decision D hold on ‎ ‎53.A jumped B. fell C escaped D backed ‎ ‎54. A. managed B. planned C. waited D. hoped ‎ ‎55. A. run B. skate C. move D. march ‎ ‎56.A. around B. away C. above D. along ‎ ‎57.A. headed for B .traveled to C. left for D. returned to ‎ ‎58.A. dead B. hurt C. weak D. late ‎ ‎59.A. secretly B. tiredly C. immediately D. anxiously ‎60.A. find B. believe C. make D. accept ‎【文章大意】这是一篇感人至深的记叙文,讲述Joe 和Simon成功登顶后返回途中的惊险遭遇,他们不屈不挠、互相支持的精神让人为之振奋。‎ ‎41．C but一词说明前后为转折关系,他们成功到达山顶。‎ ‎42．A 依据下文得知他们返回途中天气状况恶劣(difficult)。‎ ‎43．D Joe 和Simon都知道如果Simon独自继续返回,他倒可以安全地折返营地。‎ ‎44．B 参见上题解析。‎ ‎45．D Simon决定冒着生命危险用绳子带Joe下山。‎ ‎46．C 就在他们俩下山的时候,天气更糟糕了,接着麻烦又来了。go down"下降,下山"。‎ ‎47．D 参见上题解析。‎ ‎48．A 因为他们相互看不见也听不见,Simon错误地把Joe从绝壁上往下送,结果进退两难。by mistake"错误地";by chance"碰巧";by choice"自愿";by luck"侥幸"。‎ ‎49．D Joe自己爬不回来,Simon也不可能有力气把他拉上来。‎ ‎50．B Joe的重量正在把Simon慢慢地往下拉,两人处境危险。‎ ‎51．A 最终在坚持一个多小时后,在黑暗和寒冷中,Simon不得不作出一个决定。‎ ‎52．C 参见上题解析。‎ ‎53．B 结果Joe摔到了下面的冰缝中。‎ ‎54．A 依据下文,Joe成功从冰缝中爬出来一步步接近营地。manage to do"成功做到"。‎ ‎55．C Joe一条腿断了,不能走,只能缓慢移动。‎ ‎56．B 营地距离Joe将近一万米远。away "相距"。‎ ‎57．D Simon早已顺利返回营地。‎ ‎58．A Simon想Joe坠落悬崖必死无疑。‎ ‎59．C 但是Simon不想立即离开营地。‎ ‎60．B 三天后,Joe居然爬回来了, Simon难以相信这人间奇迹。‎ 高考试题四 ‎ （2015·全国卷I）阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Yangshuo, China It was raining lightly when I 61 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn't care. A few hours 62 , I'd been at home in Hong Kong, with 63 (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.‎ I'd skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 64 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 65 (painting). Instead, I'd headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it's only an hour away 66 car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city.‎ Yangshuo 67 (be) really beautiful. A study of travellers 68 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 69 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 70 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.‎ ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者到阳朔游玩的经历和感受。‎ ‎61. arrived 考查动词时态。主句为过去进行时,因此when连接的时间状语从句应用一般过去时,故本空填arrived。‎ ‎62. before/earlier 考查副词。本句为过去完成时,描述的是作者来阳朔之前的情况,因此填副词before/earlier。‎ ‎63. its 考查代词。这里指香港的污浊空气,因此填物主代词its"它的",指香港的。‎ ‎64. that/which 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句修饰先行词"the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River",且在从句中作主语,因此本空填关系代词that/which。‎ ‎65. paintings 考查名词。由前面的短语"so many"可知,本空应填名词复数paintings。‎ ‎66. by 考查固定搭配。从桂林乘车到这里仅用一个小时。by car"乘汽车"。‎ ‎67. is 考查动词时态。本句描述阳朔景色之美,应用一般现在时。‎ ‎68. conducted 考查非谓语动词。空处为过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰"A study of travelers"。‎ ‎69.regularly 考查副词。本空修饰动词,应填regularly。‎ ‎70. living 考查非谓语动词。空处与"people"之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词短语作后置定语。‎ 原创阅读试题 I.阅读理解 体裁 话题 词数 难度 建议时间 说明文 从买飞机票到处理紧急情况的程序 ‎204‎ ‎★★☆☆☆‎ ‎5分钟 If you're planning to travel overseas, the most common form of transportation is by airplane. Knowing the whole procedure(程序) from buying plane tickets to dealing with in－flight emergencies(紧急事件) can ensure that you have a pleasurable trip.‎ First of all, choosing an airline carrier might depend on a number of factors including the company's service record, price of the ticket, length of time to destination, and even in－flight service.‎ Now, once you've bought your ticket, you still need to make the long journey through the airport. Once you arrive, you usually check your bags at the main ticket counter. Then, you have to pass through the security checkpoint, where you will have to walk through an X－ray machine, and they will check your carry－on bags for any forbidden items, including firearms, explosives, and knives. Of course, this is for everyone's safety. You might also be asked to open your bags to be carefully checked.‎ Once you pass through this checkpoint, then you will go to the appointed boarding area and gate to wait for your plane. Just wait there until they say that your flight is here for you to go boarding.‎ Of course, once you are aboard the plane, no one ever wants to experience any emergencies, but the plane is equipped with emergency exits in case you have to leave the plane. There are also life jackets under the seats, and oxygen masks in case the plane's cabin(机舱) unexpectedly loses pressure. Be sure to read the safety instruction card located in the pocket of the seat in front of you.‎ ‎1．The first step for you to travel by plane is to ________．‎ A．choose an airline carrier B．buy a plane ticket C．deal with in－flight emergencies D．check your bags at the main ticket counter ‎2．Where do you have to go through an X－ray machine? ‎ A．At the ticket office. B．At the main ticket counter.‎ C．At the appointed boarding area. D．At the security checkpoint.‎ ‎3．If the plane loses pressure, you should ________．‎ A．leave the plane at once B．wear the life jacket and the oxygen mask C．read the safety instruction card D．wait in your seat silently ‎ ‎4．The purpose of the passage is to ________．‎ A．introduce some steps for you to travel by plane B．tell passengers how to keep safe on a plane C．show people some good ways to travel overseas D．explain why planes have X－ray machines II．书面表达 假设你是李华,你打算利用假期出国旅游。请你就此给你的美国笔友Michael写一封信,谈论一下你出国旅游的原因,并邀请Michael有时间来中国。‎ 要点如下:‎ ‎1. 出国旅游很有意义；‎ ‎2. 开阔眼界,了解国外的风俗和历史；‎ ‎3. 和来自不同文化背景的人交朋友,学习外语；‎ ‎4. 放松身心,欣赏美景。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Michael, ‎ How are you? ‎ These days, I am planning to travel abroad during the vacation._______________________‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours truly,‎ Li Hua 参考答案 I.阅读理解 ‎【文章大意】　出国时所选择的最好的交通工具当然是飞机。如何使你的旅行更为愉快？了解从买飞机票到处理紧急情况的程序将对你很有帮助。‎ ‎1.A　【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二段中的可知,乘坐飞机的第一个步骤是首先了解你所乘坐的飞机的一些信息,然后选择你要乘坐的飞机。‎ ‎2.D　【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段中的Then, you have to pass through the security checkpoint, where you will have to walk through an X－ray machine可知答案。‎ ‎3.B　【解析】考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的There are also life jackets under the seats,and oxygen masks in case the plane's cabin(机舱) unexpectedly loses pressure.可知答案。‎ ‎4.A　【解析】考查推理判断。从文章内容来看,这篇短文的目的是向人们介绍乘坐飞机旅行时的一些步骤。‎ II．书面表达 Dear Michael,‎ How are you?‎ These days, I am planning to travel abroad during the vacation. I think traveling abroad is very meaningful. First, traveling abroad can broaden my horizons. When I visit a foreign country, I can learn more about the customs and history of the country. At the same time, I can make lots of friends. Besides, communicating with the local people will give me the chance to learn a foreign language. The most important thing is that I can relax and enjoy the beautiful scenery. ‎ Michael, please come to China when you are free. I do hope you can witness the great changes in China. ‎ Best Wishes！‎ Yours truly,‎ Li Hua 单元词汇回顾 ‎ The journalist often says altitude relies on attitude. Since his graduation, he has turned many disadvantages into advantages for his being determined and even stubborn. It's forecast that he will make a carefully organized journey to a temple in a valley. All his parcels have been transported there ahead of schedule.‎ ‎【联想·积累】‎ ‎1.前缀fore－单词集锦 ‎①forecast n．& vt.预测,预报 ‎②foresee vt.预知,预见 ‎③forehead n．前额 ‎④forearm n．前臂 ‎⑤forefinger n．食指 ‎⑥forefather 祖先,祖宗 ‎2.“v.＋－able＝adj.”一览 ‎①acceptable 可以接受的,合意的 ‎②adjustable 可调整的,可调节的 ‎③admirable 令人钦佩的,值得敬仰的 ‎④avoidable 可避免的 ‎⑤reliable 可信赖的；可靠的 ‎3.“最终,终于”家族 ‎①finally adv.最后,终于 ‎②eventually adv.最后,终于 ‎③at last最终,终于 ‎④in the end最后,终于 ‎⑤at length最后,终于；详尽地 ‎4.高频词链条 ‎①finally adv.最后；终于→final adj.最后的 ‎②disadvantage n．不利条件；不便之处→advantage n．(反义词)有利条件 ‎③graduate vi.毕业 n．大学毕业生→graduation n．毕业 ‎④reliable adj.可信赖的；可靠的→rely vi.依赖；依靠